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Objective: To evaluate the scientific evidence about the fecal inflammatory biomarkers used in medical practice for the evaluation of disease activity and diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease.Data source: Were evaluated articles of BVS databases, Scielo, Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct. The descriptors used in this review were "inflammatory bowel disease" AND (“diet” OR “nutrition”). They considered manuscripts published between 2014 and December 2019, available in full and published in English.Data synthesis: Initially identified 676 articles. The first selection, based on the analysis of the titles and abstracts of the 676 selected articles, resulted in 90 articles and after the complete reading of the manuscripts, 24 studies were considered eligible for analysis. No study has been conducted in Brazil.Conclusions: The studies analyzed in this systematic review increase that qualitative or quantitative changes in certain food groups in the composition of diets make the patient susceptible to IBD or increase the chances of acute crises.

Mast cells, known as pro-inflammatory effector cells, are immunocytes present in the meninges and may be involved in the pathophysiology of migraine. This study aims to evaluate the histomorphometric parameters of mast cells located in the convexity of the human intracranial dura mater. For this, samples of intracranial dura mater from eight human fresh cadavers were collected between 8- and 24-h post-mortem. The whole samples were fixed and, subsequently, two fragments of 1.5 cm² each were cut from four different areas of the dura mater convexity, containing a segment of the middle meningeal artery, totaling 64 fragments. After histological processing, the fragments were submitted to microtomy (5 and 10 µm), stained with toluidine blue (0.1%), or immunohistochemically labeled for tryptase, and analyzed using optical microscopy. The following histomorphometric parameters were evaluated: distance from mast cells to vessels, the density of mast cells, and percentage of mast cells with degranulation. Histomorphometric analyzes showed a higher density of mast cells in the vicinity of blood vessels (arterial and venous), with distances around 0-150 µm. A greater number of mast cells was detected near venous vessels in the periosteal layer (17.0 ± 10.1 cells/mm²) than in the meningeal layer (14.1 ± 7.0 cells/mm²) (p < 0.05). Mast cells from the region close to the superior sagittal sinus were found in greater quantity close to the venous vessels (16.7 ± 10.1 cells/mm²) than to the arterial vessels (11.2 ± 7.5 cells/mm²) (p < 0.05). In short, in the convexity of the human intracranial dura mater, mast cells are located close to blood vessels, with a greater number of cells next to the venous vessels of the periosteal layer and in the proximal region of the superior sagittal sinus.

Objective: This review sought to bring evidence of studies addressing the mechanisms of action of topiramate in the prevention and treatment of migraine. Background: Migraine is a neurovascular disorder that affects a large part of the world population. The use of prophylactics contributes to the decrease in the frequency and severity of this disease. Among the antiepileptic drugs, the topiramate, has proven to be the most effective for the treatment of migraine. Although the mechanism of action of this drug is still not well elucidated in the literature, there are several molecular mechanisms proposed. Methodology: A survey was carried out in the literature, from February to March 2018, in different databases, using the descriptors: topiramate, migraine and mechanisms of action. After a careful selection, 25 manuscripts were chosen for this review. Results: Evidence from a number of studies has indicated that the main mechanisms of action of topiramate are related to the modulation of voltage-dependent sodium and calcium ion channels, blockade of excitatory glutamate transmission and inhibition by gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors (GABA), AMPA/kainate and some isoenzymes of carbonic anhydrase. In addition, topiramate is involved in the suppression of cortical spreading depression, besides influencing trigeminovascular activity, and neuronal excitability. Conclusion: Thus, topiramate could be involved in the prevention of major events of the pathophysiology of migraine. Acting directly on cortical spreading depression (DAC), trigeminovascular signals and decreased central sensitization of migraine pain.

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a implantação e o funcionamento do curso de Magistério Rural, instalado no município de Dourados, na década de 1970. Esse recorte justifica-se por sinalizar o período de criação e vigência do curso. Recorre-se a um referencial teórico voltado para a História, Memória, História da Educação, entre outros. Para desenvolver este trabalho, foram utilizados documentos preservados em Arquivos, Museus e Centros de Documentação e entrevistas com professores e alunos. Esse curso configurou-se com uma cultura escolar específica, que permite compreender as particularidades e as experiências realizadas na formação de professores leigos rurais primários do município de Dourados, no sul de Mato Grosso, na década de 1970.

The rapid growth of satellites orbiting the planet is generating massive amounts of data for Earth science applications. Concurrently, state-of-the-art deep-learning-based algorithms and cloud computing infrastructure have become available with a great potential to revolutionize the image processing of satellite remote sensing. Within this context, this study evaluated, based on thousands of PlanetScope images obtained over a 12-month period, the performance of three machine learning approaches (random forest, long short-term memory-LSTM, and U-Net). We applied these approaches to mapped pasturelands in a Central Brazil region. The deep learning algorithms were implemented using TensorFlow, while the random forest utilized the Google Earth Engine platform. The accuracy assessment presented F1 scores for U-Net, LSTM, and random forest of, respectively, 96.94%, 98.83%, and 95.53% in the validation data, and 94.06%, 87.97%, and 82.57% in the test data, indicating a better classification efficiency using the deep learning approaches. Although the use of deep learning algorithms depends on a high investment in calibration samples and the generalization of these methods requires further investigations, our results suggest that the neural network architectures developed in this study can be used to map large geographic regions that consider a wide variety of satellite data (e.g., PlanetScope, Sentinel-2, Landsat-8).

Objective: To analyze mast cell histomorphometry in three different regions of the human intracranial dura mater. Method: Three specimens of dura mater were collected after approval by the Ethics Committee (CAAE No. 57692216.5.0000.5208). Each dura mater was obtained from human cadavers between 7 and 24 hours after death. After collection, the samples were fixed, cut into two fragments and longitudinally placed in the following way: external (periosteum) and internal (meningeal) sides. The fragments (1.5 cm2) were taken from three different regions: proximity of the right middle meningeal artery, the proximity of the left middle meningeal artery and superior sagittal sinus. These fragments were submitted to microtomy (10 μm), stained with 0.1% toluidineblue and analyzed by optical microscopy. The histomorphometric parameters adopted were: the distance from the mast cells to the vessels, the number and if the mast cells were degranulated. Five fields from each case were analyzed. For this analysis, the Image J 1.52a 2019 software was used. Results: A higher number of mast cells was observed in the periosteal layer when compared withthe meningeal layer (p=0.026). When the distribution of the mast cells was evaluated, we observed that the cells were localized in the proximity of the middle meningeal artery (p

The current study aims to evaluate histopathological and digital morphometrical aspects associated with uterine leiomyomas in one hundred and fifty (150) patients diagnosed with leiomyoma. Uterine tissues were subjected to the histopathological and digital morphometric analyses of the interstitial collagen distribution. The analysis of medical records indicates that most of the women diagnosed with uterine leiomyomas (68.7%) are between 37 and 48 years old. As for the anatomic location of the tumors, approximately 61.4% of the patients had intramural and subserosal lesions. In 50% of the studied cases, the patients developed uterine leiomyomatosis (with more than eight tumors). As for the morphometric study, the average size of the interstitial collagen distribution held approximately 28.53% of the capture area, whereas it was of 7.43% in the normal tissue adjacent to the tumor. Another important aspect observed in the current study was the high rate of young women subjected to total hysterectomy, a fact that resulted in early and definitive sterility.

Six α-haloketones adsorbed on a graphite powder cathode were reduced in the presence of benzaldehyde using undivided cell, inert anode and aqueous electrolyte. High yields of aldol coupling product were obtained from 2-chloropinacolone in the presence of catalytic amounts of silver. For the corresponding bromo compound, the reaction was much less satisfactory. Chloroacetone gave moderate yields of the α,β-unsaturated coupling product. 2-Chlorobutanone produced two main products in low yield: the expected aldol and the corresponding 1,3-diketone. With 2-bromopropiophenone and 2-bromoisobutyrophenone no coupling with benzaldehyde was observed but only reductive dehalogenation. The results can be interpreted in terms of a carbanionic intermediate generated by a two-electron transfer.

The Portuguese and international construction companies have a long tradition of regularly employing Geological Engineers for their staff to deal with complex soil and rock problems. Good practices everywhere recommend the contribution of an expert in that area for several specific engineering interventions such as mining or tunnelling, dams, highway and railway constructions specially since they are continuously interfering with adverse geological environments. To ensure an adequate guidance and practice in engineering geology and to prepare the students for future professional challenges in those environments, the University NOVA of Lisbon offers a Master and PhD programs in Geological Engineering under the Bologna framework. The candidates of these programs are mainly undergraduates in geology or mining, geological or civil engineering. In this context, several topics have been highlighted for course's syllabus and for MSc and PhD thesis, such as: ground modelling; ground improvement and monitoring; excavability assessment of open cuts and rehabilitation of slopes; waste management and soil rehabilitation; special foundations requirements for renewable energy structures; risk management. These topics demand the use of software for data acquisition, processing and visualization of results. This paper discuss the methodology used at the Nova University to comply with good practices in the domain of engineering geology as well as with innovation and quality assurance/quality control requirements of the engineering industry.

Introdução: A mucosa intestinal inflamada contém um grande número de neutrófilos e proteínas fecais derivadas dessas células, como a alfa-1-antitripsina, calprotectina, lactoferrina, elastase de polimorfonucleares, lisozima, entre outras moléculas, que são marcadas e estudadas como indicadores de inflamação do trato gastrointestinal. Objetivo: Mostrar as evidências científicas relacionadas aos biomarcadores inflamatórios fecais utilizados na prática médica, para avaliação da atividade doença e diagnóstico das doenças inflamatórias intestinais. Material e Métodos: Foram avaliados artigos das bases de dados BVS, SciELO, PubMed e Science Direct. Os descritores utilizados nesta revisão foram “inflammatory bowel disease” AND (“biological markers” OR “fecal biomarkers”). Foram considerados manuscritos publicados entre 2011 e junho de 2015, disponíveis na íntegra e publicados em língua inglesa. Resultados: Inicialmente foram identificados 184 artigos. A primeira seleção resultou em 44 artigos. A leitura e análise completas dos artigos resultaram em uma amostra final de 11 manuscritos. Verificou-se que a calprotectina esteve presente em todos os artigos revisados. Apenas um manuscrito avaliou o perfil de atividade da lactoferrina e nenhum artigo foi identificado que contemplasse os marcadores alfa-1-antitripsina e elastase de polimorfonucleares nas DII. Conclusão: Os achados deste estudo apresentaram a relação significativa dos biomarcadores fecais com o diagnóstico das doenças inflamatórias intestinais e o papel fundamental da calprotectina no estudo, diagnóstico e avaliação de recorrência pós-operatória.

Submitted by Alison Souza (alisonsouza@ufgd.edu.br) on 2019-04-17T13:09:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaPaulaFernandesdaSilvaPiacentine.pdf: 1191336 bytes, checksum: 2d9ae8d2c2039c9fe40572582494b562 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-04-17T13:09:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaPaulaFernandesdaSilvaPiacentine.pdf: 1191336 bytes, checksum: 2d9ae8d2c2039c9fe40572582494b562 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-03 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Esta dissertação tem como objetivo compreender o processo de implantação e funcionamento do Curso de Magistério Rural, na década de 1970, no município de Dourados, situado no (antigo) sul de Mato Grosso. Para tanto, busca-se examinar nesse trabalho, as políticas educacionais e a história para a formação de professores leigos no Brasil e, em Mato Grosso, com vistas a entender o processo de implantação do Curso de Magistério Rural em Dourados, nesse contexto. Na análise do funcionamento desse Curso, busca-se examinar o perfil do corpo docente e do quadro discente, a organização curricular, entre outros aspectos. O recorte na década de 1970 justifica-se por sinalizar o período de criação e vigência do Curso de Magistério Rural. A pesquisa orienta-se na perspectiva da Nova História Cultural. Aliado a um referencial teórico voltado para a História, Memória, História da Educação, entre outros. Essa história para a formação de professores leigos rurais é registrada por meio de dados que foram coletados e analisados a partir de documentos preservados em Arquivo, Museu e Centro de Documentação de Dourados e de entrevistas com ex-professores e ex-alunos. Para realizar as entrevistas, foi necessário recorrer à metodologia da História Oral. Para os pesquisadores, a História Oral é vista como a metodologia que utiliza a técnica da entrevista para registrar as narrativas das pessoas. Nesse estudo, os resultados apontaram que a criação deste Curso em Dourados esteve pautada tanto nas prescrições normatizadas pela Lei 5.692/71 quanto nas reais necessidades do município, devido ao elevado número de professores de leigos em escolas primárias rurais. Apesar disso, para o seu funcionamento o Curso contou com verbas recebidas do poder público estadual e apenas com uma ajuda suplementar do município, por meio de uma contribuição financeira da Prefeitura da localidade. Esse Curso configurou-se com uma cultura escolar específica, marcada por particularidades em seu funcionamento, particularidades essas, presentes, sobretudo na ênfase dada a determinadas disciplinas da organização curricular, caracterizada pelo foco dado as disciplinas de Alfabetização, Didática e das áreas das Metodologias. Conclui-se, então que, a criação e o funcionamento desse Curso exerceram um importante papel, na formação profissional de uma determinada parcela de professores leigos rurais de Dourados e região, no Sul de Mato Grosso, na década de 1970. This dissertation has an objective to understand the process of implantation and operation of rural curse mastership, on 1970 decaded, in Dourados county, situated in old Mato Grosso. Looking up in this dissertation the politics educationals and the history for the lay teachers formation in Brasil and Mato Grosso with understand the process of the rural curse mastership implantation in Dourados. In analysis the operation of this curse, looking up to examine the perfil of faculty and the studants framework, the curriculum and others aspects. The cut in the 1970 justified for to signal the period of creation and temr of the rural curse mastership. The research is oriented from the perspective of the new culture history. Ally with a theoretical referential turned to history, memory, education history and others. This history for the lay teachers formation is record by data witch collected and analyzing from preserved documents in files , museum and Dourados center of documents and interviews witch ex-teachers and ex-students. To realize the interviews was necessary resort the methodology of oral history. For the researchers, the oral history is the methodology that use the technique of interviews for record the people narratives. In this study, the results link with the creation of this curse in Dourados was guided both in prescription normalized of law 5.692/71 as in the real necessity of county, due to high numbers lay teachers in schools primary rural. Still for the operation the curse was funds received to estadual public power and only with help additional of county, for the financial contribution of the town hall in the locality. This curse set up with a culture academic specific, marked for particularities in your operation, this particularities, present, above in emphasis to determined discipline the curricular organization, characterized by the focus given the literacy discipline , didactically and the methodologics areas. It Follows then that the creation and operation of curse played an important hole, in professional formation of determined part of the lay rural teachers in Dourados and region, on south Mato Grosso, on 1970 decaded.

Quantify steatosis, fibrosis, and focuses of extramedullary erythropoiesis (ER) in the liver and report it to the causes of death in the perinatal. Morphologic analysis of steatosis', percentage of fibrosis, and ER of 467 perinatal autopsies. Cases with hypoxia/perinatal anoxia and ascending infection showed higher percentage of fibrosis. The number of ER was significantly higher among premature infants and in cases with infection. Our results contribute to a better quality of perinatal care through clinical demonstration of which injuries are associated with them, what may help in early diagnosis of these alterations in children who survive.

Background: The tubule-interstitial fibrosis is the hallmark of progressive renal disease and is strongly associated with inflammation of this compartment. Heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a cytoprotective molecule that has been shown to be beneficial in various models of renal injury. However, the role of HO-1 in reversing an established renal scar has not yet been addressed. Aim: We explored the ability of HO-1 to halt and reverse the establishment of fibrosis in an experimental model of chronic renal disease. Methods: Sprague-Dawley male rats were subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and divided into two groups: non-treated and Hemin-treated. To study the prevention of fibrosis, animals were pre-treated with Hemin at days -2 and -1 prior to UUO. To investigate whether HO-1 could reverse established fibrosis, Hemin therapy was given at days 6 and 7 post-surgery. After 7 and/or 14 days, animals were sacrificed and blood, urine and kidney tissue samples were collected for analyses. Renal function was determined by assessing the serum creatinine, inulin clearance, proteinuria/creatininuria ratio and extent of albuminuria. Arterial blood pressure was measured and fibrosis was quantified by Picrosirius staining. Gene and protein expression of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic molecules, as well as HO-1 were performed. Results: Pre-treatment with Hemin upregulated HO-1 expression and significantly reduced proteinuria, albuminuria, inflammation and pro-fibrotic protein and gene expressions in animals subjected to UUO. Interestingly, the delayed treatment with Hemin was also able to reduce renal dysfunction and to decrease the expression of pro-inflammatory molecules, all in association with significantly reduced levels of fibrosis-related molecules and collagen deposition. Finally, TGF-beta protein production was significantly lower in Hemin-treated animals. Conclusion: Treatment with Hemin was able both to prevent the progression of fibrosis and to reverse an established renal scar. Modulation of inflammation appears to be the major mechanism behind HO-1 cytoprotection.