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Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a highly variable RNA virus that affects chickens worldwide. Due to its inherited tendency to suffer point mutations and recombination events during viral replication, emergent IBV strains have been linked to nephropathogenic and reproductive disease that are more severe than typical respiratory disease, leading, in some cases, to mortality, severe production losses, and/or unsuccessful vaccination. QX and DMV/1639 strains are examples of the above-mentioned IBV evolutionary pathway and clinical outcome. In this study, our purpose was to systematically compare whole genomes of QX and DMV strains looking at each IBV gene individually. Phylogenetic analyses and amino acid site searches were performed in datasets obtained from GenBank accounting for all IBV genes and using our own relevant sequences as a basis. The QX dataset studied is more genetically diverse than the DMV dataset, partially due to the greater epidemiological diversity within the five QX strains used as a basis compared to the four DMV strains from our study. Historically, QX strains have emerged and spread earlier than DMV strains in Europe and Asia. Consequently, there are more QX sequences deposited in GenBank than DMV strains, assisting in the identification of a larger pool of QX strains. It is likely that a similar evolutionary pattern will be observed among DMV strains as they develop and spread in North America.

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) induces respiratory and urogenital disease in chickens. Although IBV replicates in the gastrointestinal tract, enteric lesions are uncommon. We have reported a case of runting-stunting syndrome in commercial broilers from which an IBV variant was isolated from the intestines. The isolate, CalEnt, demonstrated an enteric tissue tropism in chicken embryos and SPF chickens experimentally. Here, we determined the full genome of CalEnt and compared it to other IBV strains, in addition to comparing the pathobiology of CalEnt and M41 in commercial broilers. Despite the high whole-genome identity to other IBV strains, CalEnt is rather unique in its nucleotide composition. The S gene phylogenetic analyses showed great similarity between CalEnt and Cal 99. Clinically, vent staining was slightly more frequent in CalEnt-infected birds than those challenged with M41. Furthermore, IBV IHC detection was more evident and the viral shedding in feces was overall higher with the CalEnt challenge compared with M41. Despite underlying intestinal lesions caused by coccidiosis and salmonellosis vaccination, microscopic lesions in CalEnt-infected chickens were more severe than in M41-infected chickens or controls, supporting the enteric tropism of CalEnt. Further studies in SPF chickens are needed to determine the pathogenesis of the virus, its molecular mechanisms for the enteric tropism, and its influence in intestinal health.

Abstract Background Piauí is located in Northeastern Brazil, an endemic area for Chagas disease, with the Brazilian semiarid representing the second region in number of people infected by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. The state of Piauí is one of the most socially vulnerable territories with direct impact on the access to diagnosis and treatment of Chagas disease for the population living in rural communities. Triatoma brasiliensis is the vector species of greatest epidemiological importance in Northeastern Brazil. We investigated the triatomine fauna and risk factors associated to T. cruzi transmission in two municipalities, Pedro II and Oeiras, located in different mesoregions of Piauí. Methods Twenty-three rural areas were selected for triatomines search and serological survey of the population. The analysis of triatomines consisted on identifying T. cruzi infection index by microscopy and kDNA-PCR followed by parasite genotyping through the use of multilocus PCR to characterize the discrete typing units (DTUS), and the identification of food sources using PCR directed to the 12S rRNA gene of vertebrates and sequencing. Results A total of 1,043 triatomines identified as T. brasiliensis, Triatoma pseudomaculata, Rhodnius nasutus, Rhodnius sp. and Panstrongylus lutzi were collected. The overall positivity for T. cruzi was 4.6% and 11.4% by microscopy and kDNA-PCR, respectively. The DTUs TcV (∼ 44%) and TcI (∼ 43%) were the most prevalent in either single or mixed infections. This is the first report of TcV and TcVI infections in vectors of Piauí. The most frequent blood source was Homo sapiens (46.5%), of which ∼ 42% individuals (28/67) were collected indoors and four of them (14.3%) tested positive for T. cruzi kDNA in Pedro II. Chicken (∼ 19%), domestic cat (∼ 17%) and others were also identified as feeding sources for triatomines. Serological survey revealed 2% seroprevalence. Variables as age over 60 years (p = 0.01), Black race (p = 0.002) and occupation as retired (p = 0.004) significantly influenced the seropositivity. Conclusion Despite the reduced seroprevalence of the population, the epidemiological scenario of Chagas disease in both municipalities highlights the risk of the re-emergence of domestic vector-borne transmission. Ensuring continued entomological surveillance and vector control programs and providing access to diagnosis and treatment for the susceptible population are still needed.

The chicken immune system has provided an immense contribution to basic immunology knowledge by establishing major landmarks and discoveries that defined concepts widely used today. One of many special features on chickens is the presence of a compact and simple major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Despite its simplicity, the chicken MHC maintains the essential counterpart genes of the mammalian MHC, allowing for a strong association to be detected between the MHC and resistance or susceptibility to infectious diseases. This association has been widely studied for several poultry infectious diseases, including infectious bronchitis. In addition to the MHC and its linked genes, other non-MHC loci may play a role in the mechanisms underlying such resistance. It has been reported that innate immune responses, such as macrophage function and inflammation, might be some of the factors driving resistance or susceptibility, consequently influencing the disease outcome in an individual or a population. Information about innate immunity and genetic resistance can be helpful in developing effective preventative measures for diseases such as infectious bronchitis, to which a systemic antibody response is often not associated with disease protection. In this review, we summarize the importance of the chicken MHC in poultry disease resistance, particularly to infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) infections and the role played by innate immunity and inflammation on disease outcome. We highlight how future studies focusing on the MHC and non-MHC genes can potentially bring clarity to observed resistance in some chicken B haplotype lines.

Newcastle disease (ND) is one of the most challenging infectious diseases affecting poultry production in Africa, causing major economic losses. To date, Newcastle disease virus isolates from several African countries have been grouped into class II NDV genotypes I, IV, V, VI, VII, XI, XIII, XIV, XVII, XVIII and XXI. Although ND is endemic in many African countries, information on circulating genotypes is still scarce. In Tanzania, outbreaks with genotypes V and XIII have been reported. In West and Central Africa, genotypes XIV, XVII, and XVIII are the most predominant. To investigate other genotypes circulating in Tanzania and Ghana, we performed molecular genotyping on isolates from Tanzania and Ghana using the MinION, a third-generation portable sequencing device from Oxford Nanopore Technologies. Using the MinION, we successfully sequenced the NDV F gene hypervariable region of 24 isolates from Tanzania and four samples from Ghana. In Tanzania, genotypes V, VII and XIII were detected. All isolates from Ghana belonged to genotype XVIII. The data obtained in this study reflect the genetic diversity of NDV in Africa and highlight the importance of surveillance for monitoring the distribution of NDV genotypes and viral evolution.

Objetivo: Analisar a paridade entre mulheres trabalhadoras rurais e sua associação com fatores sociodemográficos. Metodologia: Estudo transversal com 346 mulheres trabalhadoras rurais em Pernambuco/Brasil. Utilizou-se o questionário da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde para verificar características sociodemográficas e dados sobre número de filhos. Resultados: A maioria das mulheres tem entre 23-27 anos (25%), ensino fundamental (34%) e cor da pele não branca (88%). Houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas na fecundidade para idade (p

Purpose The present study aimed to describe the main characteristics of Brazilian surfers and their injuries, and to analyze the probability of developing injuries according to skill level, experience in surfing, training volume, and age. Methods A total of 1829 Brazilian surfers answered an electronic survey about their characteristics and previous and current injuries. The association between participant characteristics and percentage of injuries was investigated using a chi-squared test. The statistical significance of the results was assumed at a p -value < 0.05. The prevalence ratio (PR) was also calculated to illustrate the probability of having injuries. Results Most surfers are men (84.2%), young adults (72.0%), with more than 2 years of experience in surfing (60.7%), with an intermediate level of skill (49.3%), recreational surfers (99.2%), and who practice surfing 1 to 2 days a week (79.7%) for 1 to 3 hours a day (65.9%). About 55.5% of the participants were already affected by an injury or had some surfing-related pain. In the last 12 months, 52.2% of surfers suffered injuries. For both, more than 50% of injuries occurred in the lower limbs. Brazilian surfers with higher skill levels, time of experience, hours per day of surf training, and age presented higher prevalence ratios of previous and current injuries. Conclusions In summary, Brazilian surfers are predominantly male, young adults, and non-competitive athletes. The most injured anatomical region in this group is the lower limbs. Contrary to expectation, higher experience and skill levels might not act as protective factors against injuries due to increased training volume.

Purpose This study aimed to compare internal load (IL) and external load (EL) variables between blocks of a game-based Rugby Sevens training session. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study design was employed. Twenty-eight professional athletes from the first division of the Brazilian national championship were monitored during a game-based training session, which consisted of varying durations of ball-in-play blocks. The training session comprised 4 blocks of 1 min, 2 blocks of 2 min, and 1 block of 3 min of ball-in-play, with 1-min intervals between blocks of the same duration and 2-min intervals between blocks of different durations. Results A reduction in EL was reported during longer bouts of ball-in-play. Specifically, a reduction was observed when comparing block 5 to block 1 ( p = 0.021) and when comparing block 7 with blocks 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 for distance per min. For accelerations and decelerations, blocks 5, 6, and 7 showed lower values than block 1 ( p = 0.001 and p = 0.005, respectively). Block 4 showed an increase in rate of perceived exertion (RPE) values compared to blocks 1 ( p = 0.010) and 2 ( p = 0.004). Increased RPE values were also found in block 5 compared to block 1 ( p = 0.001), as well as compared to blocks 2 ( p = 0.001) and 3 ( p = 0.002). RPE in block 7 was higher than in blocks 1, 2, 3, and 4 ( p = 0.001). Conclusions In summary, higher RPE values were reported across blocks, and IL appeared to be more volume-dependent.

This study's central theme is the schooling of residents of the Bom Lugar I Settlement, Upanema – RN. It started with the following research problem: what is the education level of the residents of Settlement Bom Lugar I, Upanema-RN? It highlights, as a general objective, to investigate, based on a field survey, the schooling of residents of the Bom Lugar I Settlement, Upanema – RN. The research was characterized as a quantitative study, of the field research type. The technique used to produce the data refers to the questionnaire composed of 11 closed and open questions. Fifty residents of Assentamento Bom Lugar I, Upanema – RN participated in the study. As main conclusions, the following stand out: among the factors that contribute to non-schooling in the researched context, emphasis is placed on the lack of school transport, the quality of teaching (decontextualized) at school in the countryside, financial issues, violence in the countryside, the distance from homes to schools and the lack of teachers, many coming from urban spaces.

This systematic review aims to verify whether tools designed to assess Ayres Sensory Integration constructs take into account the basic principles of current early childhood intervention approaches, namely the family-centered approach, child and family routines, and natural contexts. This systematic review was based on a standard protocol constructed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) statement and included 323 publications. From these publications, we identified seven sensory integration assessment instruments for children up to 6 years old which are compatible with recommended early intervention practice. This study identified the instruments for sensory integration assessment in young children and related them with current principles of early childhood approaches. The findings may help researchers and clinicians choose instruments.

We aimed to investigate the impact of smartphone use during intertrial intervals within a distributed practice regime on mental fatigue, performance, and learning of a balance motor skill. One hundred and thirty-six participants were randomly divided into two groups: the smartphone use group (SMARTPHONE) and the control group (CONTROL). The SMARTPHONE accessed social media during the rest periods within a distributed practice of a balance task, whereas the CONTROL rested passively during the rest periods. The participants practiced the toe-touch task. The participants underwent a pretest consisting of one trial. Subsequently, the participants were engaged in practice, completing six trials interspersed with 2-min intervals of either rest or smartphone use. Following the practice phase, a posttest was conducted, and after 24 hr, we administered a retention test and a transfer test. The number of touches and the number of errors (contacting the ground with the free leg to regain balance) were performance measures. We evaluated the participants' mental fatigue after the practice session using a visual analog scale. The groups demonstrated similar mental fatigue after practice. Our results suggest that using social media on smartphones during rest periods within a distributed practice impairs performance but not motor learning.

Immigration policies and deportations have negatively impacted not only undocumented immigrant students and their families, but also their teachers, administrators, counselors, and other community members. Drawing on Freire's (1970) concept of "praxis," and on critical-ecological educational approaches (da Silva Iddings, 2017), we interviewed educators to better understand the possibilities of partnerships between university-schools-communities to collaboratively facilitate educational equity and safety of undocumented immigrant students in U.S. schools. Thus, this article aims to shed light on ways to respond to the current sociopolitical and educational issues these students are facing and on ways to improve their schooling experiences.

É papel do médico generalista realizar rotinas de pré-natal e outros atendimentos a gestantes. Para isso, é necessária uma formação acadêmica eficaz em obstetrícia. Este relato de experiência objetivou descrever práticas em semiologia obstétrica que aconteceram entre março e novembro de 2023 em um Laboratório de Habilidades Médicas. Tratou-se de um estudo descritivo desenvolvido com base em atividades realizadas em uma instituição de ensino pernambucana. Os alunos praticaram técnicas da semiologia obstétrica e do atendimento a gestantes em contextos patológicos. Tais atividades atendem às demandas da saúde da mulher e ratificam a urgência de uma formação médica centrada na aplicação direta do conhecimento, tornando-a mais eficiente e dando protagonismo aos estudantes.

Considering the aquatic environment, fish are notorious bioaccumulators of persistent pollutants, and that Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) is a species of great economic interest and an excellent model for ecotoxicological experimental studies. Because of this, establishing baseline reference parameters for this healthy animal is extremely valuable for comparison. Thus, our aim is to establish reference values for Nile tilapia for comparative purposes for: (i) functional activation of the alternative pathway of the complement system (ACH50), (ii) some serum biochemical parameters of liver, kidney and muscle tissue integrity, and (iii) hematological profile of Nile tilapia under controlled conditions. Juvenile specimens of O. niloticus were obtained from the fish farming and acclimatized for 15 days. Blood samples were collected without and with anticoagulants (heparin and EDTA) and submitted to hematological assays for leukogram and erythrogram evaluation. Serum was used for the alternative complement and biochemical assays. A mean of 137.6 U/mL was found for ACH50, 52.3 U/mL for alanine aminotransferase, 81.7 U/mL for aspartate aminotransferase, 30.3 U/mL for alkaline phosphatase, 4.3 g/dL for albumin, 8.4 mg/dL for urea, 1.9 mg/dL for uric acid, 3654 U/L for total creatine kinase, 1329.9 U/L for creatine kinase MB fraction, 260.2 U/L for lactic dehydrogenase, 227.2 mg/dL for glucose, 5.6 g/dL for total protein, 252.7 mg/dL for triglycerides, 169.5 md/dL for cholesterol, 19.1 mg/dL for high-density lipoprotein, and 12.5 mg/dL for low-density lipoprotein. For all hematological parameters we found a difference between the lack and presence of the anticoagulants, being the lack and heparin the conditions that presented more stability of the cell numbers along the time. Thus, in this study we establish baseline health parameters for Nile tilapia and it will be applied as an essential and comparative tool for monitoring fish health and physiological fitness at various experimental levels, such as bioassays and environmental biomonitoring.

Objective: Single-session interventions are an effective strategy for reducing emotional distress. Enhanced psychoeducation, which includes empathic listening, risk stratification, symptom monitoring, and habit modification is particularly suitable for single-session interventions. We investigated predictors of response to an online enhanced psychoeducation intervention among essential service professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Methods: The TelePSI Project, financed by the Brazilian Ministry of Health, was a nationwide initiative that served more than 3,300 individuals in various psychotherapeutic modalities. Data were collected from April 2020 to December 2021. We included all participants with high levels of emotional distress who received single-session interventions. The final sample included 460 individuals (89.1% women, 81.1% health professionals). After 1 month, 300 participants were reassessed. Results: Overuse of social media, use of social networks to contact family and friends, playing video games, smoking, drinking alcohol, and spending time with pets were associated with less improvement in symptoms, whereas playing an instrument and previous psychological treatment were associated with greater symptom improvement. This highlights the impact of lifestyle factors on the efficacy of single-session interventions. Conclusion: These results underscore the importance of considering individual lifestyle factors when implementing single-session interventions and contribute to a growing body of evidence that supports tailored application of psychoeducational strategies in mental health interventions, particularly in high-stress environments.

Abstract This study evaluated the effect of different occlusal surface finishes (glaze and silica glass infiltration) on surface characteristics and fatigue behavior of partially stabilized zirconia (PSZ) plates adhesively bonded onto epoxy resin discs. PSZ disc specimens (n = 15; Katana blocks STML, Kuraray Noritake Dental) were produced (Ø = 10 mm; thickness = 1.2 mm) and allocated into 3 groups: As sintered (S), silica glass infiltration (SGI), and glaze application (G). The PSZ intaglio surface was air-abraded with 50-µm alumina powder followed by bonding agent application. All produced PSZ were adhesively cemented onto dentin analogue discs made of epoxy resin material (Ø = 10 mm; thickness = 2 mm). Step stress fatigue test was performed (load ranging from 200 to 1800 N; step size 100 N and 10,000 cycles; 20 Hz). The topographic, microstructural, and fractographic analyses were performed by scanning electron microscopy. Results: No statistically significant difference in fatigue behavior was detected among the groups. All failures started at the bonding surface. Silica glass-infiltration and glaze layer application provided a smoothing effect, while the sintered group had a surface with grooves. The occlusal surface finishing method (silica glass infiltration or glazing) had no deleterious effect on fatigue behavior of adhesively bonded PSZ plates.

A pesquisa propõe investigar a formação de leitores na Educação Infantil, destacando o papel da escola nesse processo. O objetivo principal é analisar experiências de produções literárias, especialmente dramatizações, em uma turma de Educação Infantil. O estudo se basea nas Cartas Pedagógicas Freireanas como ferramenta para favorecer a análise durante a literatura/performance. Autores como Abramovich, Zumthor e Freire fundamentam teoricamente a pesquisa. O estudo é conduzido em uma escola privada em Bagé/RS, envolvendo dezoito crianças e suas famílias. As Cartas Pedagógicas são utilizadas como instrumentos metodológicos para coleta de dados. A sistematização de experiências é adotada na análise dos resultados. As considerações parciais destacam a importância da leitura na educação infantil, enfatizando a leitura do mundo antes das palavras escritas e a necessidade de um ambiente favorável à leitura, promovendo a autonomia na escolha das obras pelos alunos.

RESUMO O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar as contribuições teórico-metodológicas dos jogos eletrônicos na formação de professores em um curso de Licenciatura em Educação Física. Optamos por uma abordagem qualitativa e pela Hermenêutica-Dialética como método, cujo princípio central é a comunicação, abordada nesta pesquisa por meio de uma entrevista semiestruturada com os professores na formação inicial em Educação Física em uma universidade pública. Concluímos que os jogos eletrônicos trazem contribuições teórico-metodológicas para a formação de professores de Educação Física. Eles estão presentes na vida dos estudantes como também nos cursos de formação inicial. Revelamos, nesta pesquisa, possibilidades de trabalho com esses jogos na prática pedagógica dos professores.

Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are vectors of arboviruses and have different levels of resistance to synthetic insecticides, such as the organophosphate temephos, according to their area of occurrence. As an alternative, there are semisynthetic substances with potential insecticidal effect; however, they need to be fully tested by an effective method for the mosquito control. The semi-synthetic dillapiole n-butyl ether exhibits toxic ovicidal and larvicidal activity in both mosquito species. However, has no proven the mutagenicity and cytotoxicity risks of this larvicide in drinking water effect for consumption by non-target organisms, such as in humans neither in other vertebrates, which access pools of water contain this sprayed substance. In this sense, both of the biomarkers of the genotoxicity, the micronucleus (MN) and comet, using this substance were tested in Balb/C mice to assess the genetic damage and risks of its application as a mitigating measure against Ae. aegypti. Male specimens (n = 60) were exposed to dillapiole n-butyl ether at concentrations of 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg via a comet assay in peripheral blood (n = 30) and a micronucleus test in bone marrow cells (n = 30). The induction of mutagenicity and cytotoxicity of dillapiole n-butyl ether in these animals occurred only at a concentration of 40 mg/kg, in multiple treatments. However, dillapiole n-butyl ether at concentrations of 20 and 10 mg/kg has potential for use against Ae. aegypti in the form of a larvicide in water for consumption by humans and other vertebrates a new vector control measure.

Background: Socioeconomic conditions are strongly associated with breast and cervical cancer incidence and mortality patterns; therefore, social protection programmes (SPPs) might impact these cancers. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of SPPs on breast and cervical cancer outcomes and their risk/protective factors. Methods: Five databases were searched for articles that assessed participation in PPS and the incidence, survival, mortality (primary outcomes), screening, staging at diagnosis and risk/protective factors (secondary outcomes) for these cancers. Only peer-reviewed quantitative studies of women receiving SPPs compared to eligible women not receiving benefits were included. Independent reviewers selected articles, assessed eligibility, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias. A harvest plot represents the included studies and shows the direction of effect, sample size and risk of bias. Findings: Of 17,080 documents retrieved, 43 studies were included in the review. No studies evaluated the primary outcomes. They all examined the relationship between SPPs and screening, as well as risk and protective factors. The harvest plot showed that in lower risk of bias studies, participants of SPPs had lower weight and fertility, were older at sexual debut, and breastfed their infants for longer. Interpretation: No studies have yet assessed the effect of SPPs on breast and cervical cancer incidence, survival, or mortality; nevertheless, the existing evidence suggests positive impacts on risk and protective factors.

BackgroundSporotrichosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the dimorphic fungus Sporothrix spp., leading to skin lesions that can, in some cases, progress and result in the death of infected individuals. Candida albicans is another fungus involved in several skin, oral, and vaginal mucosal infections. Fungal diseases are concerning due to increasing incidence and the limited variety of antifungal classes available for treatment. Furthermore, antifungal medications can cause various side effects, exacerbated by their prolonged use during infection treatment. There is a need to explore alternatives to conventional drugs that are effective, fast, and safe in combating sporotrichosis. This study aimed to achieve in vitro elimination of the fungi Sporothrix brasiliensis and Sporothrix schenckii through Photodynamic Inactivation (PDI), using curcumin as a photosensitizer and in combination with antifungal agents used in the treatment of sporotrichosis.MethodologyYeasts of Candida albicans, Sporothrix brasiliensis, and Sporothrix schenckii were subjected to Photodynamic Inactivation (PDI) using light at a wavelength of 450 ± 10 nm, irradiance of 35 mW/cm2, delivering a fluence of 31.5 J/cm2, with curcumin as the photosensitizer at doses ranging from 0.75 to 150 μg/mL. After determining the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values of the antifungal drugs itraconazole, ketoconazole, and potassium iodide, sub-MIC doses of these antifungals were combined with sub-MIC doses of curcumin in a new PDI session.ConclusionPhotodynamic inactivation is a promising technique in the treatment of sporotrichosis, as well as its combination with antifungals. The combination of curcumin in concentrations ranging from 0.75 g/mL a 7.5 g/mL with sub-MIC concentrations of itraconazole, ketoconazole, and potassium iodide was able to completely inactivate the fungi C. albicans, S. brasiliensis and S. schenckii, indicating that PDI may increase the effectiveness of antifungals. However, further studies are needed to establish protocols for future clinical applications.

Introdução: A Lei Complementar 123/2006 (LC 126/06) estabelece normas gerais relativas ao tratamento diferenciado e favorecido às microempresas e empresas de pequeno porte (MEEPP) no âmbito da União, dos Estados, do Distrito Federal e dos Municípios, especialmente no que se refere, dentre outros, quanto à preferência nas aquisições de bens e serviços pelos Poderes Públicos. Cita que estes poderão realizar processo licitatório destinado exclusivamente à participação de ME-EPP nas contratações cujo valor seja de até R$ 80.000,00 e passa a ser obrigatória a aplicação de cota reservada para bens de natureza divisível, no limite de até 25% do objeto licitado. No contexto da Assistência Farmacêutica do Recife, a aquisição pública de medicamentos e materiais médico-hospitalares (MMH) para atendimento às necessidades da rede municipal de saúde tem seguido estas recomendações. Objetivo Analisar os resultados dos processos licitatórios para aquisição de medicamentos e MMH no que concerne às cotas reservadas e exclusivas às ME-EPP. Método Estudo retrospectivo dos processos licitatórios para aquisição de medicamentos e MMH no período de dezembro de 2016 a abril de 2017, utilizando os termos de homologação e planilhas de Excel. Resultados Foram analisados 07 processos licitatórios, sendo 05 para aquisição de medicamentos e 02 para MMH. Para medicamentos, os resultados foram: total de itens analisados - 244; total de itens de ampla concorrência - 83; total de itens de cota reservada - 83; total de itens de cota exclusiva: 78. Percentual de itens com êxito: 67,5% - ampla concorrência; 65,01% - cota reservada; 21,8% - cota exclusiva; Percentual de itens fracassados: 28,9% - ampla concorrência; 20,5% - cota reservada; 48,7% - cota exclusiva; Percentual de itens desertos: 3,6% - ampla concorrência; 14,4% - cota reservada; 29,5% - cota exclusiva. Para MMH, os resultados foram: total de itens analisados - 56; total de itens ampla concorrência - 11; total de itens cota reservada - 11; total de itens cota exclusiva: 34. Percentual de itens com êxito: 78,6% - ampla concorrência; 78,6% - cota reservada; 45,3% - cota exclusiva; Percentual de itens fracassados: 21,4% - ampla concorrência; 14,3% - cota reservada; 41,3% - cota exclusiva; Percentual de itens desertos: 0% - ampla concorrência; 7,14% - cota reservada; 13,3% - cota exclusiva. Assim, tanto para os processos de medicamentos como de MMH, os itens analisados das cotas reservadas e exclusivas às ME-EPP tiveram altos índices percentuais de fracasso e deserção quando comparados aos da ampla concorrência. Conclusão: Vê-se que o cumprimento da LC 126/06 tem impactos negativos na aquisição de produtos farmacêuticos. Estes transtornos podem ter como consequência a necessidade de compras emergenciais a preços não vantajosos para administração pública, além de prejuízos ao abastecimento e distribuição de medicamentos e MMH à rede municipal de saúde.

O presente artigo tem o objetivo de articular as ações de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, como uma forma de enfrentamento à vitimização secundária, naturalizada em processos que envolvem a violência contra a mulher. Em maio de 2024, no julgamento da Ação de Descumprimento de Preceito Fundamental n. 1107, o Supremo Tribunal Federal proibiu práticas que desqualifiquem a mulher durante a investigação e o julgamento de crimes contra a dignidade sexual e estendeu essa vedação a todos os delitos que envolvem a violência contra as mulheres. Em linhas gerais, diante da decisão da Suprema Corte e da previsão do artigo 28 da Lei Maria da Penha que garante o acesso às mulheres em situação de violência à assistência jurídica qualificada via Defensoria Pública, pretende-se avaliar o papel da Defensoria no combate às práticas sexistas do sistema de justiça criminal, e propor o aprimoramento dos mecanismos de acesso à justiça às vítimas de violência de gênero. A pesquisa foi organizada a partir de uma perspectiva epistêmica e metodológica do Feminismo Decolonial, que parte do entendimento de que a violência contra essas mulheres faz parte de um projeto de dominação colonial e racista, que subalterniza as mulheres. Dessa forma, a Defensoria Pública apresenta-se como um garante do respeito a um julgamento que não reproduza com os estereótipos de gênero (de raça, classe social, dentre outros) e que tutele a vítima, seja diante das agressões sofridas, seja no caso de eventual violência institucional.

ABSTRACT The new molecules piperidyl dillapiole and propyl ether dillapiole were evaluated in Aedes aegypti as an alternative for the control of populations of this mosquito. A total of 1,690 samples, comprising 780 eggs, 780 larvae and 130 adults, were treated with both substances for 4 h, 24 h and 90 min, respectively. The dillapiole (80 µg/mL), temephos (0.012 µg/mL) as positive control, and the negative control (water + DMSO 0.05%). The 50% lethal concentrations (LC50) of propyl ether dillapiole and piperidyl dillapiole in eggs were 18.07 and 49.97 µg/mL and, in larvae, the LC50 of these substances were 29.15 and 72.93 µg/mL, which caused darkening of the cuticle and displacement of the head. In the adults, the LC50 of the two substances after 90 min was 148.25 and 263.26 µg/mL, respectively. The insertion of the propyl and piperidine radicals into the dillapiole molecule resulted in the substances propyl ether dillapiole and piperidyl dillapiole, both of which had a toxic effect on Ae. aegypti. However, propyl ether dillapiole, which has propylene in its side chain, showed greater ovicidal, larvicidal and adulticidal activity when compared to piperidyl dillapiole. These results are promising as an alternative form of control of Ae. aegypti, which is the primary vector of human arboviruses.

ABSTRACT: One of the causes of productivity loss in sugarcane cultivation has been associated with the species Diatraea saccharalis, also known as the sugarcane borer. Therefore, this study evaluated the feasibility of using hyperspectral sensors to obtain the leaf spectral response of sugarcane in different periods of infestation at leaf and canopy levels to diagnose D. saccharalis damage in advance. The study included three varieties of sugarcane: CTC9003BT, CTC4, and RB966928. The insecticide Altacor® was used to control pestsin half of the plots. Data collection occurred at the following stages: sprouting, tillering, stalke longation, and early maturation. Data regarding relative water content (RWC), leaf spectral signature in the laboratory and canopy, vegetation indices (NDVI and MCARI), productivity, purity, and total recoverable sugar (TRS) were collected to evaluate the borer effects on the sugarcane crop. The highest RWC was observed for CTC9003BT (60.15%) without insecticide and 59.0% with insecticide. The visible (400-680 nm) and near-infrared (750-1300 nm) spectral bands identified spectral variations in plants with and without sugarcane borer. The percentage of sugarcane borer showed high and negative correlations between productivity, NDVI, and TRS, with coefficients of -0.68, -0.76, and -0.76, respectively. The NDVI and MCARI indices effectively detect plants under stress, but their variation is influenced by multiple factors, making it difficult to associate them with a single problem (sugarcane borer).

O presente trabalho objetiva analisar as atualidades nos artigos publicados sobre formação de professores e o processo inclusivo de alunos com altas habilidades e superdotação. Quanto às categorias metodológicas, o trabalho possui abordagem qualitativa, optou-se pelo método procedimental revisão narrativa da literatura. Em relação à etapa de filtragem e seleção, foram selecionados um total de quatorze artigos que comporão o escopo textual de discussão sobre a temática mencionada, o recorte temporal estabelecido foi 2021 a 2024 (últimos quatro anos). Destaca-se que a busca dos trabalhos para a análise foi realizada nas seguintes bases: Portal Periódicos da Capes, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO Brazil), Google Acadêmico e Web of Science. Os resultados evidenciaram a relevância de trabalhos voltados à formação inicial e continuada enfatizando uma perspectiva inclusiva, uma vez que pesquisas relacionadas a este público ainda são exíguas, e há muitas concepções historicamente errôneas e segregadoras. Por fim, conclui-se que a temática formação de profissionais da educação é vital para a inclusão bem-sucedida de alunos com altas habilidades e superdotação, pois aumenta sua capacidade de identificar, apoiar e acolher esses alunos dentro do sistema educacional.

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar cães com epilepsia e obter informações a respeito da raça, do sexo, da idade, da classificação da epilepsia e da crise convulsiva, dos estágios e do período de ocorrência das crises convulsivas. Em 66,7% (44/66) dos cães a epilepsia foi primária, em 21,2% (14/66) sintomática e em 12,1% (8/66) provavelmente sintomática. Os cães sem raça definida (27%) foram os mais acometidos e a faixa etária predominou entre um e cinco anos de idade. A crise convulsiva generalizada tônico-clônica (66,7%) foi a mais observada, a procura pelo dono (72,7%) no período pré-ictal e o andar compulsivo (60,5%) no período pós-ictal foram os sinais mais encontrados e a ocorrência das crises convulsivas foi maior no período noturno (79,2%).

Background and Aim: Anemia, a clinical condition characterized by reduced erythrocytes, is often observed in cats. Regeneration indicates that the bone marrow can respond appropriately to anemia. The absolute reticulocyte count is the reference for differentiating regenerative and non-regenerative anemia, while red blood cell (RBC) indices and morphology provide supplementary information. This study aimed to identify anemia types and establish the most reliable RBC indices and morphology methods in agreement with the reference method. Materials and Methods: One hundred forty-five cases of cat anemia were prospectively classified using two methods: RBC indices and RBC morphology, and subsequently compared with the absolute reticulocyte count. Results: Based on RBC indices assessment, 27 cases (19%) exhibited regenerative anemia. Based on RBC morphology, 29 (20%) cases were identified as having regenerative anemia. Using the reticulocyte absolute count as a reference method, 34 (23.4%) cases of regenerative anemia were identified. The findings indicated that RBC indices and RBC morphology did not align in evaluating medullary regeneration and that there is a good degree of agreement between RBC morphology assessment and the reticulocyte absolute count in identifying regenerative anemias. Conclusion: Blood smear analysis of RBC morphology was more dependable for classifying regenerative anemia than RBC indices. Further studies should be conducted with a larger number of animals and that allow the identification of the cause of anemia and the monitoring of the animal.

Abstract Flavonoids are compounds that result from the secondary metabolism of plants and play a crucial role in plant development and mitigating biotic and abiotic stresses. The highest levels of flavonoids are found in legumes such as soybean. Breeding programs aim to increase desirable traits, such as higher flavonoid contents and vigorous seeds. Soybeans are one of the richest sources of protein in the plant kingdom and the main source of flavonoid derivatives for human health. In view of this, the hypothesis of this study is based on the possibility that the concentration of isoflavones in soybean seeds contributes to the physiological quality of the seeds. The aim of this study was to analyze the content of flavonoids in soybean genotypes and their influence on the physiological quality of the seeds. Seeds from thirty-two soybean genotypes were obtained by carrying out a field experiment during the 2021/22 crop season. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications and thirty-two F3 soybean populations. The seeds obtained were subjected to germination, first germination counting, electrical conductivity and tetrazolium vigor and viability tests. After drying and milling the material from each genotype, liquid chromatography analysis was carried out to obtain flavonoids, performed at UPLC level. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and, when significant, the means were compared using the Scott-Knott test at 5% probability. The results found here show the occurrence of genotypes with higher amounts of flavonoids when compared to their peers. The flavonoid FLVD_G2 had the highest concentration and differed from the others. Thus, we can assume that the type and concentration of flavonoids does not influence the physiological quality of seeds from different soybean genotypes, but it does indirectly contribute to viability and vigor, since the genotypes with the highest FLVD_G2 levels had better FGC values. The findings indicate that there is a difference between the content of flavonoids in soybean genotypes, with a higher content of genistein. The content of flavonoids does not influence the physiological quality of seeds, but contributes to increasing viability and vigor.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo mapear o contexto de influência em que a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) foi construída a partir da natureza complexa e controversa das políticas educacionais nessa conjuntura. A análise partiu da abordagem teórico-metodológica de Stephen Ball e colaboradores (Bowe; Ball; Gold, 1992), que analisam a política educacional a partir das tensões e das disputas no processo de produção da política. A metodologia deste estudo é de base qualitativa e partiu do instrumento de análise documental. Evidenciamos a amplitude das redes de agências multilaterais atuantes na proposta da BNCC, e a gama de organismos nacionais e internacionais que produziram discursos e textos como mecanismos de manobra a fim de conduzir o processo de aprendizagem as necessidades do mercado. Sendo assim, buscamos contribuir com o contínuo debates/ problematizações acerca dos desdobramentos da implementação da BNCC, a qual estabelece uma política de currículo.

Abstract Amphibians are often recognized as bioindicators of healthy ecosystems. The persistence of amphibian populations in heavily contaminated environments provides an excellent opportunity to investigate rapid vertebrate adaptations to harmful contaminants. Using a combination of culture-based challenge assays and a skin permeability assay, we tested whether the skin-associated microbiota may confer adaptive tolerance to tropical amphibians in regions heavily contaminated with arsenic, thus supporting the adaptive microbiome principle and immune interactions of the amphibian mucus. At lower arsenic concentrations (1 and 5 mM As3+), we found a significantly higher number of bacterial isolates tolerant to arsenic from amphibians sampled at an arsenic contaminated region (TES) than from amphibians sampled at an arsenic free region (JN). Strikingly, none of the bacterial isolates from our arsenic free region tolerated high concentrations of arsenic. In our skin permeability experiment, where we tested whether a subset of arsenic-tolerant bacterial isolates could reduce skin permeability to arsenic, we found that isolates known to tolerate high concentrations of arsenic significantly reduced amphibian skin permeability to this metalloid. This pattern did not hold true for bacterial isolates with low arsenic tolerance. Our results describe a pattern of environmental selection of arsenic-tolerant skin bacteria capable of protecting amphibians from intoxication, which helps explain the persistence of amphibian populations in water bodies heavily contaminated with arsenic.

Abstract Emerging markets comprise different healthy food products, such as functional foods including grains, fruits, and vegetables; foods for people with dietary restrictions; foods with clean labels, plant-based and organic ingredients, as well as ingredient options to replace sodium, sugars, fats, as well as alternatives to synthetic nitrite. The variety of ingredients with potential applications in these products raises relevant safety issues due to the lack of studies about possible biological contaminants, and nutritional, chemical, microbiological and allergen concerns. Besides, certain ingredients may present the potential for allergenicity, intolerance, or other immunological reactions, such as celiac disease. Derivatives of alternative plant-based proteins are examples of these risks and should be assessed for their allergenic potential and specific microbial load. Food safety refers to risk management, based on control measures established throughout the production chain, not limited to quality tests on the final product. This review addresses the main categories of food recognized as healthy by consumers, from a food safety point of view, pointing out the potential risks and management alternatives available for this new market of clean label products.

ABSTRACT Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi increase water and nutrient absorption from the soil by plants. However, its benefits to plants vary depending on the inoculated species. This study aimed to determine the influence of different species of mycorrhizal fungi on the development and productivity of grain sorghum cultivars. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme, consisting of two sorghum cultivars (BRS 310 and BRS 330) and five treatments (control without inoculation and four species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: Gigaspora margarita, Glomus formosanum, Acaulospora scrobiculata, and Scutellospora pellucida), with four replications. Plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, length, volume, specific surface area, root diameter, shoot dry mass, root dry mass, thousand-grain weight, grain productivity, colonization, dependence, and mycorrhizal efficiency were evaluated. The results showed that inoculation with the species S. pellucida induced higher root and shoot development of plants of the cultivar BRS 310, as well as higher productivity of sorghum grains. The cultivar BRS 330 showed higher root development when inoculated with the species G. formosanum and a higher shoot development when inoculated with the species A. scrobiculata. Mycorrhizal dependence for grain productivity was low and varied with the inoculated species of mycorrhizal fungi. The mycorrhizal efficiency for shoot dry mass was higher with the inoculation of A. scrobiculata and S. pellucida in the cultivar BRS 310 and A. scrobiculata and G. margarita in the cultivar BRS 330.

Objective To compare spinal symptoms and spinal/hip mobility at baseline and 2 years in early axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and non-axSpA chronic back pain (BP) patients.Methods Baseline and 2 years data of the SPondyloarthritis Caught Early cohort were analysed. Outcomes assessed: overall BP, BP at night, morning stiffness (MS) intensity, MS duration, occiput-to-wall distance (OWD), cervical rotation, chest expansion, lateral spinal flexion (LSF), modified Schober test (mSchober), intermalleolar distance (IMD) and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (BASMI). Linear or zero-inflated negative binomial regression was used to compare 2 years outcomes between groups (adjusting for baseline value, sex, age and use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs).Results There were 294 axSpA and 123 non-axSpA patients (mean symptom duration: 13 months). At baseline, non-axSpA patients had worse symptoms and mobility, except OWD (eg, mean(SD): BP at night 3.6 (2.9) axSpA vs 4.6 (2.7) non-axSpA; OWD 0.5 (1.2) vs 0.1 (0.7)). After 2 years, all symptoms and cervical rotation significantly improved in both groups, but LSF and mSchober only in axSpA. In multivariable analyses, axSpA was associated with larger improvements in BP at night (β (95% CI): −0.85 (−1.47; −0.23)), mSchober (0.26 (0.03; 0.50)), IMD (4.86 (1.93; 7.80)) and BASMI (−0.24 (−0.41; −0.08)), and with lower likelihood of a normal OWD (OR (95% CI): 0.09 (0.01; 0.83)).Conclusion Over 2 years, all spinal symptoms and some mobility measures improved in both groups, but impairments remained prevalent (particularly in non-axSpA). Nevertheless, axSpA was associated with larger improvements in BP at night, mSchober, IMD and BASMI, but with more OWD impairment.

O presente ensaio visual é resultado de um processo de pesquisa realizado entre os anos de 2004 e 2008 no curso de Artes Visuais da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, cuja temática está atrelada à figura dos palhaços presentes nas Folias de Reis de Carmo do Rio Claro - Minas Gerais. Nesse ínterim, apresenta-se o registro de um trabalho poético-visual pautado na técnica de recortes e colagens em que as representações dos palhaços se constroem intercaladas entre linhas arabescas, tecido chitão, elementos florais, instrumentos musicais e outros adereços presentes nessas manifestações de religiosidade popular. Contexto de distintos cruzamentos entre materialidades, procedimentos e suportes expandem-se até o momento sublime de encontro entre os trabalhos artísticos e sua fonte de referência imagética-cultural, as Folia de Reis.

The possibility of influence that the regional system may have on the urban forms that cities tend to assume is discussed. The difference in scale involved in this vision, which ranges from the regional scale, passes through the municipal scale, and given this situation that presents the way in which urban form, city and region are approached today, it appears that the Studies lack greater connection and assessment of influences between different scales and impacts. This research is carried out through the proposal of a methodological guide, and the instrument developed to obtain results was the collection of data and construction of variables of interest, which can provide a useful tool to study the influence of spatial effects on aggregation of spatial interaction models and how much they can contribute in different ways to substantial achievements in spatial econometric studies, in addition to suggesting statistical tools that infer the value, intensity and probable hierarchy of average flows at certain levels of aggregation of real and estimated available variables.

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the occurrence of dentinal defects on the apical surface after rotary instrumentation at different working lengths with Trunatomy Prime system, with or without the use of a glide path file. Methods: Twenty human single-rooted mandibular premolars were selected and divided into 2 experimental groups (n=10). GTP group (Glide Path + Trunatomy Prime), the TP group (Trunatomy Prime). Results: To check the agreement between the examiners, the Kappa test was performed. Subsequently, the results were subjected to the Shapiro-Wilk normality test. The sample showed abnormal behavior and were subjected to the non-parametric Mann Whitney test with a significance level of 5%. No significant difference was found between the groups. Conclusion: It is concluded that there was no causal relationship with the formation of dentin defects with and without the use of glide path files at different limits of instrumentation with Trunatomy files.

BackgroundDetecting invalid cognitive performance is an important clinical challenge in neuropsychological assessment. The aim of this study was to explore behavior and eye-fixations responses during the performance of a computerized version of the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM-C) under standard vs. feigning conditions.Participants and methodsTOMM-C with eye-tracking recording was performed by 60 healthy individuals (31 with standard instruction – SI; and 29 were instructed to feign memory impairment: 21 Naïve Simulators – NS and 8 Coached Simulators – CS) and 14 patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and memory complaints performed. Number of correct responses, response time, number of fixations, and fixation time in old vs. new stimuli were recorded. Nonparametric tests were applied for group comparison.ResultsNS produced fewer correct responses and had longer response times in comparison to SI on all three trials. SI showed more fixations and longer fixation time on previously presented stimuli (i.e., familiarity preference) specially on Trial 1, whereas NS had more fixations and longer fixation time on new stimuli (i.e., novelty preference) specially in the Retention trial. MS patients produced longer response time and had a different fixation pattern than SI subjects. No behavioral or oculomotor difference was observed between NS and CS.ConclusionHealthy simulators have a distinct behavioral and eye-fixation response pattern, reflecting a novelty preference. Oculomotor measures may be useful to detect exaggeration or fabrication of cognitive dysfunction. Though, its application in clinical populations may be limited.

Introduction: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) presents a high tendency of lymph node metastasis (LNM). Objective: Determine which risk factors play a significant role in metastasis to cervical lymph nodes and to evaluate the influence of nodal involvement on overall survival of patients with OSCC. Method: Medical records of 350 patients with OSCC were retrospectively reviewed. The data were analyzed using the chi-square, Fisher’s exact and log-rank Mantel Cox tests and multinomial and Cox logistic regression. Results: Of the 350 medical records evaluated, 251 reported N0, 75 N1, 16 N2 and 8 N3. Male gender, referrals from private health care providers, T3/4 stage and non-surgical treatments were associated with LNM. In multivariate analysis, men and T3/4 tumors were shown to be independent risk factors for LNM. The independent risk factors for survival were male gender, nodal involvement (p = 0.017) and non-surgical treatment. Conclusion: Male gender and T-stage are risk factors for LNM in patients with OSCC. Moreover, the presence of LNM and age >65 years are associated with poor overall survival.urvivor.

Abstract Borosilicate glass was developed to enhance the mechanical behavior and smoothness of dental zirconia as an alternative to conventional glaze. This study assessed the mechanical and optical properties of 3 mol% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (3Y-TZP) coated with borosilicate glass or a commercial glaze fired for an extended period of time. Disc-shaped 3Y-TZP zirconia specimens (Zpex, Tosoh) were sintered at 1550°C for 2 hours. The specimens were divided into three groups: as-sintered (control, C); commercial glaze (G); and borosilicate glass (SL). The glaze and borosilicate glass were applied over the zirconia and fired for 20 minutes at 950°C and 1200°C, respectively. Biaxial flexural strength, fractography, X-ray diffraction (XRD), roughness (Ra and Rz), fracture toughness (Vickers indentation method), color difference (∆E00), and translucency (TP00) analyses were conducted. The t-test or the one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s tests were used to analyze the data (α = 0.05). Flexural strength data were subjected to the Weibull analysis. The SL group exhibited the highest flexural strength (1025.8 MPa), whereas the C (859.41 MPa) and G (816.0 MPa) groups exhibited similar values. The SL group also had the highest characteristic strength. The fracture origin in all groups was on the zirconia surface. XRD analysis revealed that the specimens from the SL group contained tetragonal, cubic, and monoclinic phases. The SL group presented the lowest surface roughness. Fracture toughness in the SL group was lower than in the C group, but similar to that observed in the G group. The translucency and color differences observed in the G and SL groups were similar. Borosilicate glass enhanced the flexural strength of 3Y-TZP, promoted the smoothest surface, and exhibited optical properties similar to those of the glaze.

Nosso objetivo é perquirir a experiência de ser criança a partir do diagnóstico de TDAH. Estruturamos nossa pesquisa em quatro encontros com pais e crianças. Participaram deste estudo duas crianças diagnosticadas com TDAH. Esta é uma pesquisa fenomenológico-hermenêutica, que utilizou como recursos a hora do jogo lúdica e a caixa de areia. A interpretação dos encontros com as crianças fundou-se no círculo hermenêutico-heideggeriano, adaptado por Azevedo (2013). Suas existências desvelaram-se a partir de um ser-criança-com-TDAH-em-tratamento. Pensamos que, enquanto o sentido de ser for meramente dado, seus sofrimentos psíquicos serão representações biologizantes, esquecendo-se do fenômeno originário do sentido do ser-aí do Dasein nessas crianças.

Este relato de experiência apresenta uma ação extensionista desenvolvida, em 2019, entre a Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP) e a Secretaria de Desenvolvimento Social e Cidadania (SEDESC) de Mariana (MG), junto ao Programa/Serviço Jovem Aprendiz. Nosso objetivo foi mediar reflexões sobre o (re)conhecimento das identidades juvenis marianenses, numa perspectiva interseccional, buscando contribuir para uma formação cidadã crítica da realidade social, a partir das narrativas de autoras/es negras/os. Utilizamos o método de Oficinas em Dinâmicas de Grupo. Como resultados, identificamos uma ausência de escritoras/es negras/os em espaços institucionais, situação suprida por manifestações artísticas literárias, repletas de críticas sociais, que possibilitaram a reflexão sobre os processos de desigualdade social, bem como caminhos para o seu enfrentamento. Concluímos que estas manifestações foram fundamentais para a (re)construção das narrativas a partir das vozes e trajetórias das/dos jovens.

RESUMO: Este artigo objetiva analisar o jogo de disputas e negociações pelo fundo público entre as parcerias público-privadas no financiamento da educação especial. As discussões derivam da revisão bibliográfica e documental de escritos alinhados ao objetivo eleito e estão sustentadas nos pressupostos teóricos do materialismo histórico-dialético (MARX, 1985). Na análise das fontes consultadas, verificou-se que, no contexto de desoneração do Estado, em relação às políticas sociais, as parcerias público-privadas ganham a disputa no mercado da benemerência, em detrimento ao público-alvo da educação especial, e buscam os recursos do fundo público e a participação nos direcionamentos das políticas educacionais. Evidenciou-se, ainda, que a parceria entre o Estado e o setor privado contribuiu para precarizar o ensino público, alimentar tensões entre os direitos conquistados e os direitos efetivados e descumprir as metas do PNE 2014-2024 e dos pactos firmados entre o Brasil e os organismos internacionais, como a Declaração de Salamanca (1994). Por outro lado, os achados revelaram algumas saídas para combater o apartheid social e educacional, que tem sido disseminado pela classe empresária na saga da disputa pelo fundo público: desenvolver a capacidade de organização, de acesso à informação e de comunicação interna para garantir os investimentos públicos; superar a gestão centralizada nos espaços escolares e fortalecer o controle social por meio da participação social e popular.

ABSTRACT The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others.

Neste trabalho, pretendemos identificar os processos de raciocínio matemático mobilizados por estudantes de Engenharia de uma Universidade Pública do Paraná ao resolverem uma tarefa matemática e compreender o modo como tais processos contribuem para a elaboração de algumas das camadas de conhecimentos associadas às Integrais de Riemann. Para tal, consideramos dados coletados no trabalho com uma tarefa exploratória envolvendo Somas de Riemann. Este trabalho se desenvolve em uma perspectiva qualitativa, de cunho interpretativo. Acerca dos processos de raciocínio matemático mobilizados, os estudantes buscaram por conjecturas, que em alguns momentos foram refutadas, tendo assim a necessidade de buscar novas conjecturas e justificativas. Posteriormente, os estudantes formularam uma generalização para a conjectura já justificada. Tais processos ativaram elementos de duas camadas essenciais para compreender a estrutura da Integral de Riemman, a constar, a Camada do Produto e Camada da Soma.

Abstract This study aimed to identify fusarioid fungi in the soils of sustainably managed agricultural areas and a fragment of the Brazilian Caatinga, both in a semi-arid region of Brazil. We provide a survey of peer-reviewed papers reporting the substrates, hosts, and geographic regions in Brazil in which the identified species were of agricultural interest. Soil samples were collected in July 2019, February 2020, and July 2020 from different agroecosystems and a fragment of the Brazilian Caatinga in rural Triunfo, Brazil. Fusarioid fungi were obtained by serial dilution of soil and colony purification using single-conidial culturing. Maximum likelihood evaluation (ML) based on sequences from the tef1-α gene was used to identify fusarioid fungi. The distribution of these species in other agroecosystems and the natural environment in Brazil was assessed by an extensive search of the literature available in public databases. Fusarium annulatum, F. verticillioides, F. lacertarum, and Neocosmospora vasinfecta were identified. These species are distributed throughout Brazil and are registered as plant pathogens, mainly in areas with conventional agriculture. These data reinforce the importance of sustainable soil management in agricultural areas and expand our knowledge of the behavior of these microorganisms in environments without human interference.

Caesalpinioideae is the second largest subfamily of legumes (Leguminosae) with ca. 4680 species and 163 genera. It is an ecologically and economically important group formed of mostly woody perennials that range from large canopy emergent trees to functionally herbaceous geoxyles, lianas and shrubs, and which has a global distribution, occurring on every continent except Antarctica. Following the recent re-circumscription of 15 Caesalpinioideae genera as presented in Advances in Legume Systematics 14, Part 1, and using as a basis a phylogenomic analysis of 997 nuclear gene sequences for 420 species and all but five of the genera currently recognised in the subfamily, we present a new higher-level classification for the subfamily. The new classification of Caesalpinioideae comprises eleven tribes, all of which are either new, reinstated or re-circumscribed at this rank: Caesalpinieae Rchb. (27 genera / ca. 223 species), Campsiandreae LPWG (2 / 5–22), Cassieae Bronn (7 / 695), Ceratonieae Rchb. (4 / 6), Dimorphandreae Benth. (4 / 35), Erythrophleeae LPWG (2 /13), Gleditsieae Nakai (3 / 20), Mimoseae Bronn (100 / ca. 3510), Pterogyneae LPWG (1 / 1), Schizolobieae Nakai (8 / 42–43), Sclerolobieae Benth. & Hook. f. (5 / ca. 113). Although many of these lineages have been recognised and named in the past, either as tribes or informal generic groups, their circumscriptions have varied widely and changed over the past decades, such that all the tribes described here differ in generic membership from those previously recognised. Importantly, the approximately 3500 species and 100 genera of the former subfamily Mimosoideae are now placed in the reinstated, but newly circumscribed, tribe Mimoseae. Because of the large size and ecological importance of the tribe, we also provide a clade-based classification system for Mimoseae that includes 17 named lower-level clades. Fourteen of the 100 Mimoseae genera remain unplaced in these lower-level clades: eight are resolved in two grades and six are phylogenetically isolated monogeneric lineages. In addition to the new classification, we provide a key to genera, morphological descriptions and notes for all 163 genera, all tribes, and all named clades. The diversity of growth forms, foliage, flowers and fruits are illustrated for all genera, and for each genus we also provide a distribution map, based on quality-controlled herbarium specimen localities. A glossary for specialised terms used in legume morphology is provided. This new phylogenetically based classification of Caesalpinioideae provides a solid system for communication and a framework for downstream analyses of biogeography, trait evolution and diversification, as well as for taxonomic revision of still understudied genera.

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the effects of substituting traditional forage fiber sources with cottonseed cake in the diet on both the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of carcass and meat in Nelore young bulls. Twenty-four Nelore steers starting with an average weight of 377.8 ± 43.5 kg, were individually housed in stalls and provided with individualized feeding over a 112-day confinement period. The study followed a completely randomized design with two treatments and 12 replications. The diets incorporated either whole plant corn silage (WPCS) and, cottonseed cake (CSC) as fiber sources, at a rate of 300 g/kg of dry matter. The CSC diet promoted higher carcass weight. Aging animal meat for seven days significantly decreased the shear force from 83.4 to 71.6 N. Although diets did not influence meat composition, WPCS diet provided higher concentrations of C16:1, C18:1n9c, C18:3n3, and C22:2 acid, and CSC diet higher concentrations of C15:0, C18:1n9t, C18:2n6c, and 20:3n3. The WPCS diet provided higher concentrations of monounsaturated fatty acids and ω9, and the CSC diet had higher concentrations of ω6 and ω6:ω3 ratio in meat. Cottonseed cake used as a fiber source increases the concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids and ω6 fatty acids in the meat of young bulls finished in feedlot.

Small island developing states (SIDSs) traditionally face a set of challenges like the weak and highly fragile economic configuration, environmental issues, and a traditional dependence on a few economic activities forcing them to open the economy to the exterior. Therefore, their development model, like in Cape Verde, depends on migration, remittances, dependence on aid, tourism, and state employment. The current research offers an insight into the nature of Cape Verde’s economy as a SIDS economy and the degree to which the country has been relying on tourism receipts, external remittances from migrations, aid programs, and government services. Understanding Cape Verde’s development model is important to clarify the challenges the country faces and its development needs to gather a long-term resilience and to understand if it is changing from a MIRAB (Migrations, Remittances, Aid, and Bureaucracy) model into another one.