Search

Seismic oceanography as remote sensing of the ocean structure by multichannel reflection seismic method can provide high-resolution images enabling the study of fine-scale ocean processes along large distances.The seismic acoustic response depends on differences in ocean temperature and salinity, and the resulting seismic images track the interfaces between those thermohaline layers both laterally and in depth. The structural interpretation of observed seismic reflections provides valuable oceanographic insights to understand mixing processes and phenomena occurring at different water column depths.Three parallel 2D multichannel seismic reflection profiles acquired by the Portuguese Task Force for the Extension of the Continental Shelf in the Madeira Abyssal Plain (MAP), profiles covering 300km and ~100km apart from each other, dating from 2006, were processed to enhance the amplitudes of the water column (Azevedo, L. et al., 2021) and analyzed jointly with conductivity-temperature-depth probes (CTDs) from 2002 and 2005 acquired by Poseidon research vessel.The structure of the water column in this area is characterized by the intrusion of Mediterranean Outflow Waters (MOW), warmer and salty water mass expressing between the 500 and 1500 m depth, and overlaying Subarctic Intermediate Water where temperature and salinity decrease in depth. Due to the differences in temperature and salinity gradients, the MAP region is auspicious for developing double diffusion, specifically thermohaline staircases (van der Boog, C. et al., 2021). Double diffusion is shown to influence the efficiency of vertical mixing of the different water masses; it affects the vertical transport of nutrients, temperature, and salt and contributes to ocean circulation, which is intrinsically connected to the control of the earth’s climate. Nevertheless, it is still lacking information.We detected the thermohaline staircases expression in temperature and salinity profiles plotted as a function of depth, noticing that the interfaces of mixing followed by layers of well-mixed temperature and salinity are well defined as a step structure and were validated as double diffusion by calculating the Turner angle and Density Ratio at those depths.Simultaneously, the seismic profiles are characterized by continuous sub-horizontal reflections between the ~1200 to 2000 meters of depth. By correlating the CTD profiles with the seismic images, it is noticeable that the staircases on the vertical profiles correspond to the reflections on the seismic at the expected depths and are covering almost the entirety of seismic profiles.Since those reflections are present in the three parallel seismic profiles, we use them to predict the lateral continuity of the step-like structures and build models of the incidence of double-diffusive thermohaline staircases in the region, contributing to the knowledge of those processes' extension and expression in the Madeira Abyssal plain.References:van der Boog, C. G., Dijkstra, H. A., Pietrzak, J. D., & Katsman, C. A. (2021). Double-diffusive mixing makes a small contribution to the global ocean circulation. Communications Earth & Environment, 2(1), 1-9.Azevedo, L., Matias, L., Turco, F., Tromm, R., & Peliz, Á. (2021). Geostatistical seismic inversion for temperature and salinity in the Madeira Abyssal Plain. Frontiers in Marine Science, 8, 685007.

Epithelial tumors of the lacrimal gland are rare and usually develop in the orbital lobe. We report the exceedingly rare occurrence of a primary adenoid cystic carcinoma in the palpebral lobe of the lacrimal gland. A 26-year-old female was referred for evaluation of a gradually enlarging mass in the lateral upper eyelid, previously diagnosed as a chalazion. Computed tomography revealed a heterogeneous round lesion anterior to the orbital rim. Excisional biopsy was compatible with an adenoid cystic carcinoma. After excluding distant metastasis, and as the patient refused adjuvant radiotherapy, a second surgical procedure, with wide local excision, was indicated. Follow-up showed no recurrence. This case highlights the importance of performing a thorough clinical examination when diagnosing any lateral upper eyelid mass. A high index of suspicion for malignant tumors of the lacrimal gland should always be maintained, and a complete excision with histological analysis should be preferred whenever possible. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Purpose This study aims to study the impact of earnings quality on firms’ financial performance. Design/methodology/approach An unbalanced panel data of 237 small- and medium-sized Portuguese companies from the mold industry, using 2010–2018 yearly data was analyzed. While most studies focus only on earnings management when assessing earnings quality, in this study six proxies for earnings quality are used, namely, accruals quality (a proxy for earnings management), earnings persistence, earnings predictability, earnings smoothness, earnings timeliness and earnings conservatism. Moreover, two proxies of financial performance are considered, the return on assets and the economic value added. An econometric model was estimated using either a fixed-effects or a random-effects specification to account for the individual firm-specific effects and ensure heteroscedasticity corrected estimates. Findings The results show that managers must be concerned with the quality of reported earnings, as it can affect positively firms’ financial performance, especially regarding accruals quality. Persistence, predictability, smoothness, timeliness and conservatism are shown not to exert significant influence on financial performance in the sample. Research limitations/implications This work contributes not only as a literature review on these thematic but also to firms’ managers and stakeholders, who have information that helps them select strategies that guarantee earnings quality and improve firms’ financial performance. Originality/value This study proposed an econometric model that studies the relationship between earnings quality (using several proxies for it) and financial performance that can be applied to all companies.

Horizontal gaze palsy and progressive scoliosis (HGPPS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the

Dissertação de mestrado em Técnicas de Caracterização e Análise Química, The synthesis of pharmaceutical products frequently involves the use of a wide range of reactive reagents, and despite the purge strategies developed throughout the synthetic route to eliminate these reagents, their presence in the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) or Drug Product (DP) as impurities may not be possible to circumvent in many cases. Such impurities may have unwanted toxicities, including carcinogenicity and genotoxic, which poses a significant safety risk for the patient, even at low concentrations. This study focused on the development of a general method to determinate the content of total sulfonate esters class of mesylates, bezylates and tosylates mutagenic impurities by Ion Chromatography with suppressed conductivity detection, to support in-process control and release operations of a variety of pharmaceutical products in order to check if any impurity belonging to this class is potentially formed during the chemical process. A microwave hydrolysis was also added to the method to accelerate the natural hydrolysis during the process. From the knowledge acquired with this study, it was possible to develop an accurate and sensitive method able to determine the content of three class of mutagenic impurities in a representative sample of API. The evaluation of the method performance parameters was concluded meeting all acceptance criterion described in the ICH guidelines., A síntese de produtos farmacêuticos envolve, frequentemente, o uso de uma ampla gama de reagentes reativos, e apesar das estratégias de purga desenvolvidas ao longo da via sintética para eliminar estes reagentes, a sua presença no Ingrediente Farmacêutico Ativo (API) ou Produto Fármaco (DP) como impurezas pode não ser possível de contornar em muitos casos. Estas impurezas podem ter toxicidades indesejadas, incluindo carcinogenicidade e genotoxicidade, o que representa um risco significativo para a segurança do paciente, mesmo que administrado em baixas concentrações. Este estudo centralizou-se no desenvolvimento de um método geral para determinar o teor total das impurezas mutagénicas da classe de ésteres de sulfonato, mesilatos, bezilatos e tosilatos, por cromatografia iónica com deteção por condutividade e com utilização de supressora, para coadjuvar no controlo do processo e na libertação de operações de uma variedade de produtos farmacêuticos para verificar se alguma impureza que pertence a esta classe é potencialmente formada durante o processo químico. A hidrólise por micro-ondas foi também adicionada ao método para acelerar a hidrólise natural durante o processo. A partir dos conhecimentos adquiridos com este estudo, foi possível desenvolver um método preciso e sensível capaz de determinar o conteúdo de três classes de impurezas mutagénicas numa amostra representativa de API. A avaliação dos parâmetros de desempenho do método foi concluída atendendo a todos os critérios de aceitação descritos nas diretrizes do ICH.

BACKGROUND The use of UV-emitting tanning devices for cosmetic purposes is associated with an increased risk of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. Young women are the most frequent users, therefore, there is an increasing concern about the regulation of sunbed use. OBJECTIVE The primary objective is to assess the current legislation on sunbed use among European countries. METHODS We developed a 30-item questionnaire to gather the most relevant information about sunbed use legislation. The questionnaire was sent to Euromelanoma coordinators and to designated coordinators out of the Euromelanoma network. RESULTS We obtained a response rate of 64%. More than 25% of the countries did not report any specific legislation. Roughly one-third of the countries does not have a restriction for minors. Even in countries with a specific legislation, a lack or insufficient enforcement of age limit was observed in up to 100% of the inspections based on the PROSAFE report from 2012. Self-tanning devices were reported in 50%, and almost 40% of countries do not require supervision of use. Although a warning display is required in 77% of cases, a signed informed consent is not required in 80%. In the vast majority of cases, the number of licensed or closed tanning centres is unknown. CONCLUSIONS Despite the evidence of its harmful effects, and its frequent use by young people, many of whom are at high risk of skin cancer because of fair skin, a significant number of European countries lack a specific legislation on tanning devices. In order to limit the access of young people to sunbeds, a more strictly enforced regulation is needed, as well as regulation regarding advertisement, and location of tanning centres, in addition to health promotion campaigns that target the vulnerable population of young women seeking its use for improved cosmesis.

Submitted by Biblioteca Escola Superior de Saúde (biblioteca@ess.ipp.pt) on 2021-03-08T16:52:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DM_Ana Filipa Duarte Mesquita.pdf: 5782591 bytes, checksum: 8f0de00390da698d7bb96f650d2d764d (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-03-08T16:52:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DM_Ana Filipa Duarte Mesquita.pdf: 5782591 bytes, checksum: 8f0de00390da698d7bb96f650d2d764d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021-01-18

In our modern life world, health and well-being strongly depend on the individual's health behaviours. Motivation is a major factor of health behaviour change, and intrinsically motivated behaviour change is desirable as it is both sustained and directly contributes to well-being. This raises the immediate question what kind of interventions are best positioned to intrinsically motivate health behaviour change. The current state of evidence supports that gamification can have a positive impact in health and wellbeing. In recent years, games and game technology have been used quite widely to investigate if they can help make rehabilitation more engaging for users. The underlying hypothesis is that the motivating qualities of games may be harnessed and embedded into a game-based rehabilitation system to improve the quality of user participation.

We conducted a retrospective study aiming to assess the risk, and associated risk factors, of developing subsequent skin cancers after having a first diagnosis of skin cancer. We included all patients with biopsy-proven skin cancer attending a dermatology clinic between July 2007 and July 2017. We assessed the frequency of new skin cancers, as well as potential demographic and clinical factors significantly associated with occurrence of such neoplasms, that were identified by means of a survival analysis. We analyzed 969 patients with a total of 1584 skin neoplasms (1122 basal cell carcinomas (BCC), 310 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), 143 melanomas and 9 other neoplasms). 165 patients (17.0%) developed subsequent skin neoplasms. Factors identified in multivariable models to be significantly associated with development of new skin cancers included older age (adjusted HR = 1.04 per year; 95%CI = 1.02–1.05; p p p = 0.030), while having a previous SCC was associated with occurrence of subsequent SCC (adjusted HR = 3.60; 95%CI = 1.93–6.72; p

1. Maria Pereira, MD* 2. Ana Leite, MD* 3. Eduarda Osorio Ferreira, MD† 4. Ana Filipa Duarte, MD‡ 5. Eckart Haneke, MD, PhD‡,§ 6. Osvaldo Correia, MD, PhD¶ 1. *Pediatrics Department and 2. †Dermatology Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia e Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal 3. ‡Centro Dermatologia Epidermis, Instituto CUFP, Porto, Oporto, Portugal 4. §Dermatology Department, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland 5. ¶Centro Dermatologia Epidermis, Instituto CUF Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Oporto, Portugal A 7-year-old boy presents to pediatric consultation with a 5-year history of progressively enlarging and multiplying asymptomatic skin lesions distributed over the right thigh, back, and abdomen. He has no other complaints or relevant medical history. Histopathologic analysis of a punch biopsy from the right thigh performed when the child was 3 years old was suggestive of a nevus lipomatodes superficialis. The maternal family history is notable for osteopoikilosis in members of the 3 previous generations, including his mother (Fig 1) and an aunt who has been evaluated for metastatic bone disease because of radiographic findings. There is no family history of similar skin lesions. Figure 1. Right foot radiograph of the mother showing multiple small round hyperdense foci of osteopoikilosis (arrowheads). Physical examination reveals asymmetrically distributed papules and nodules, 10 to 18 mm in diameter, coalescing into plaques in the anterior surface of his right thigh, sacral region, and left lower abdomen. They have irregular contours, a yellow hue, a smooth surface, and a firm rubbery consistency (Fig 2). Figure 2. Right thigh anterior surface papular skin lesions in the child coalescing into plaques, with irregular contours, a yellow tone, a smooth surface, and a firm rubbery consistency. Histopathologic analysis of a punch biopsy sample from the right thigh at this age is again diagnosed as a nevus lipomatodes superficialis. However, further review of the same biopsy yields the features of a typical cutaneous tissue nevus (CTN) with an increase of elastic fibers and irregular arrangement of the collagen tissue fibers. The overlying epidermis is normal, and there is no inflammatory infiltrate and no increase …

PURPOSE: To evaluate the aesthetic and functional outcomes of autologous fat transfer using the SEFFI (superficial enhanced fluid fat injection) technique for reconstruction of the periocular area. METHODS: Autologous fat injections prepared with the 0.5 mL and 0.8 mL SEFFI technique were used in four patients for periocular rehabilitation. RESULTS: Case 1 (C1): A patient with left-sided progressive facial hemiatrophy underwent ipsilateral volumizing with 0.8 SEFFI in the superior, temporal, and inferior periorbital areas, and 0.5 SEFFI in both eyelids. C2: A 21-year-old female with a post trauma frontal scar, left ptosis, and lower eyelid retraction was treated with 0.5 SEFFI applied in the scar area associated with an upper eyelid conjunctivomullerectomy and resection of the lower eyelid retractors. C3: A patient with previous left-eye evisceration and orbital floor and medial wall fractures underwent socket reconstruction with buccal mucosal graft in the lower fornix and 0.5 SEFFI injections in both superior and inferior eyelids. SEFFI was also applied in the intraorbital space for correction of the enophthalmos. C4: A patient with lower lid retraction post blepharoplasty was treated with 0.8 SEFFI injections in lower eyelids and malar areas, complemented with a bilateral lateral cantopexy. CONCLUSIONS: Autologous fat transfer with SEFFI technique is an effective and safe procedure in cases of periocular rehabilitation. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

PURPOSE To evaluate the use of autogenous tarsal graft for surgical correction of lower eyelid trichiasis associated with eyelid thinning. METHODS A total of 23 eyelids of 19 consecutive patients with trichiasis were operated with a variant of the Van Millingen procedure. The surgery consisted of interposing a 3-mm high fragment of autogenous ipsilateral upper eyelid tarsus corresponding to the trichiasis segment between the pretarsal anterior lamella and the lower tarsal plate. Preoperative assessment included quantification of eyelid thickness on the midpoint of the segment with trichiasis, biomicroscopy of the eyelid margin and location of the trichiasis. All patients were examined at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Eyelid thickness was measured at 1 month and 12 months of follow up. RESULTS Preoperatively the mean thickness of the eyelid margin was 0.99 mm ± 0.06 standard error. One month postoperatively eyelid thickness increased to 2.08 ± 0.28 standard error, decreasing over time to reach 1. 48 mm ± 0.18 standard error 1 year after surgery, a value that did not differ from that of the control group. Small granulomas were diagnosed only in the early phases of the postoperative period. Trichiasis recurrence was seen in just 1 eyelid. Isolated abnormal lashes lateral or medial to the graft were present in 5 eyelids at the end of the study. CONCLUSIONS Autogenous tarsal grafts placed parallel to the lower tarsus are a good option both to correct misdirected eyelashes and to restore normal lower eyelid thickness.

Mestrado em Enfermagem, Área de especialização: Enfermagem Médico-Cirúrgica O transporte secundário da pessoa em situação crítica, tem vários riscos associados. O enfermeiro deve saber identificá-los e implementar medidas preventivas para os reduzir. Foi desenvolvido um Projeto de Intervenção para dar resposta à carência de uniformização de procedimentos de enfermagem à pessoa em situação crítica com necessidade de transporte secundário, com o objetivo de melhorar a qualidade e segurança dos cuidados de enfermagem. Visando dar resposta a esta problemática identificada em contexto de prática clínica, foi realizada formação aos enfermeiros, elaboradas duas propostas de alteração de normas hospitalares, uma proposta de alteração de um instrumento de registos para o transporte interhospitalar e uma proposta de uma lista de verificação para o transporte intra-hospitalar. A realização deste relatório permitiu ainda refletir sobre o processo de aquisição de competências de mestre e o desenvolvimento de competências comuns e específicas do enfermeiro especialista em Enfermagem Médico-Cirúrgica – A Pessoa em Situação Crítica. The secondary transport of the person in critical condition has several associated risks. The nurse must know how to identify them and implement preventive measures to reduce them. An Intervention Project was developed to address the lack of standardization of nursing procedures for the person in critical condition with the need for secondary transport, with the objective of improving the quality and safety of nursing care. In order to respond to this identified problem in clinical practice, training was provided to nurses, two proposals for changes in hospital standards were drawn up, a proposal to modify a registry instrument for interhospital transport and a proposal for a checklist for in-hospital transport. The realization of this report also allowed the reflection on the process of acquisition of master’s competences and the development of common and specific competences of common and specific competences of the specialist nurse in Medical-Surgical Nursing - The Person in Critical Condition.

Outdoor runners have an increased risk of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The purpose of this study was to assess skin cancer literacy and sun exposure and protection behaviour among outdoor runners during training. A cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted. All athletes registered for four consecutive running events in Porto: the Porto Marathon (November 2014), the Fathers' Day 10-km race (March 2015), the Saint John's Day 15-km race (June 2015), and the Porto half-marathon (September 2015). Athletes were invited to answer an online survey with 23 questions on the following items: sociodemographic and constitutional factors, skin cancer literacy, and sun exposure and protection behaviour. A scoring system was devised to analyse behaviour. Multivariate analysis was performed. The survey was completed by 2,445 runners, 2,159 of whom trained outdoors. Only 23.5% had adequate sun exposure and protection behaviour. A higher proportion of women than men had adequate behaviour (33% versus 17%; P 0.001). Athletes with a university, or higher degree were more knowledgeable about skin cancer than those with a lower level of education, however, their behaviour in relation to sun exposure and protection was the same. Based on multivariate analysis, gender, skin type, marital status, and average number of hours spent training significantly affected attitude score. Investment in more targeted campaigns, aimed particularly at high-risk groups such as outdoor athletes, is essential to modify attitudes and behaviour regarding sun exposure and protection. Outdoor sports event organisers and sport associations also need to engage.

Cosmetic lower blepharoplasty is one of the most common procedures in an oculoplastic surgeon practice, with lower eyelid rejuvenation having a significant impact on age, attractiveness, and fatigue appearance. This chapter will describe the fundamental aspects of the transconjunctival lower blepharoplasty, with and without fat transposition. Historical background, the complex anatomy of the lower eyelid, patient evaluation, surgical techniques, and the evolving concepts of facial aging will be discussed.

Skin cancer is an important health concern, with an increasing incidence worldwide.To assess the clinical and economic burden of melanoma (MM) and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) at public hospitals in mainland Portugal.We used an administrative database containing a registration of all hospitalizations and ambulatory episodes occurred in Portuguese public hospitals between 2011 and 2015. We assessed all episodes with associated diagnoses of MM or NMSC regarding neoplasm location, metastases occurrence, length of stay, in-hospital mortality and hospital costs.We assessed 15,913 MM and 72,602 NMSC episodes. 14.3% of MM episodes presented with metastases, compared to 1.9% of NMSC episodes. Patients' median age was lower for MM (66 years) than NMSC (76 years). The trunk was the most common location for MM (32.5%), followed by the lower limbs (26.5%). NMSC presented with higher length of stay than MM (median 5 versus 4 days; p 0.001), but with lower in-hospital mortality (7.3% versus 11.9%; p 0.001). MM episodes had higher average hospital costs than NMSC episodes (1197.7 versus 1113.5 €; p 0.001). Overall, NMSC episodes amounted a total of 80.8 million € in hospital costs versus 19.1 million € for MM episodes.Skin neoplasms have substantial impact on healthcare services. NMSC is an important contributor to this burden. NMSC underreporting should be tackled and it should not be downplayed in skin cancer preventative strategies.

Incidence of skin cancer is increasing worldwide and UV exposure at a young age is an important risk factor. To compare sun exposure-related knowledge and behaviour among children during school and holiday periods. A cross-sectional study was undertaken at 12 Oporto public primary schools. Educational sessions for educators were head by dermatologists every spring from 2004 to 2012. An educational activity book, Play and Learn with Jo Spots, was distributed to all primary school children and was explained by the educators every year. A questionnaire about sun exposure and behaviour was given to students in 2004 and 2012. In total, 2,114 students answered the questionnaire (1,233 in 2004 and 881 in 2012). Children practiced more outdoor sports in 2012 than in 2004 (86% vs 56%; p

Introduction: Lentigo maligna (LM) is a rare form of in situ melanoma, frequently seen as a large patch in elderly patients. The aim of this study was to assess clinical and dermoscopic features of LM. Material and Methods: A retrospective study of LM patients presenting to our center between July 2007 and July 2017 was performed. Demographic data, anatomical location, laterality, diameter, Clark level, Breslow stage, “ABCD” signs and dermoscopic features were registered. Facial versus extrafacial LM were compared. Results: We found 21 LM, of which 12 had an extrafacial location and 9 a facial location. Half of the extrafacial lesions were located on an upper limb. The median age at diagnosis was 63 years (ranging from 38 to 84 years). Most LM cases were female (16/21) with phototype II (13/21). More than half of the patients (11/21) had a history of a skin neoplasm or actinic keratosis. The median diameter found was 6 mm (interquartile range = 4.5 mm), ranging from 1 to 15 mm. Five lesions were invasive (median Breslow depth of 0.2 mm), and 4 of them were extrafacial. Discussion: In this study LM was more frequently found in an extrafacial location and as a small patch with a 6-mm diameter medium. The epidemiology of LM/LM melanoma might be changing. Full body examination and dermoscopy are of the utmost importance for the diagnosis. Dermatologists should be aware and search for small lesions outside the face and neck, particularly in middle-aged female patients with photo-damaged skin.

Gossypiboma and textiloma are terms used to describe tumor-like masses caused by retained gauze or surgical sponges after any operation. It is a rare surgical complication, usually difficult to diagnose due to its variable clinical presentation and nonstandard radiological appearance. We describe here a rare case of orbital gossypiboma in a child after surgical correction of an orbital blowout fracture.

Submitted by Helena Donato (bibliotecacuf@jmellosaude.pt) on 2017-06-20T22:09:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Sunbed use among Portuguesebeach goers.pdf: 80703 bytes, checksum: 8e77c3eaabbe42a58663d72db77b1fdc (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-20T22:09:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sunbed use among Portuguesebeach goers.pdf: 80703 bytes, checksum: 8e77c3eaabbe42a58663d72db77b1fdc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06 info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Dissertação de mestrado em Direito dos Contratos e da Empresa, A realização de uma dissertação no âmbito do segundo ciclo de estudos representa, além de um projeto pessoal de investigação numa área do meu total interesse, o desígnio de prestar um modesto contributo para a análise do conceito de dano diretamente provocado do artigo 79º, nº1 do C.S.C.. Na primeira parte, de três em que está dividida a presente dissertação, procurei enquadrar genericamente a responsabilidade civil dos administradores perante sócios e terceiros através da exposição do âmbito histórico do artigo 79º do C.S.C. e também de uma análise detalhada de direito comparado, designadamente do direito vigente no ordenamento jurídico francês, italiano, alemão, espanhol e norte-americano. Por sua vez, a segunda parte da dissertação, denominada “Regime geral da responsabilidade civil dos administradores”, aponta para o facto de entre os administradores e os sócios ou terceiros não existir uma relação jurídica. Nem mesmo o contrato de sociedade cria um vínculo obrigacional entre os órgãos sociais e os sócios. Assim, mesmo que os sócios ou terceiros estabeleçam contacto direto com o administrador, a sua atuação é imputada à sociedade, não surgindo uma relação direta entre administrador e o sócio ou terceiro. Dado que não existe uma relação contratual entre os administradores e os sócios ou terceiros, a responsabilidade será delitual e, por isso, pressupõe que se verifiquem os pressupostos da responsabilidade civil, facto ilícito, culpa, dano e nexo de causalidade, artigo 483º, nº1 do C. Civil. Por último, a terceira parte da dissertação refere uma exigência patente no artigo 79º, nº1 do C.S.C., isto é, que os prejuízos causados na esfera jurídica dos sócios ou acionistas sejam diretamente causados. Deste modo, os danos provocados no património social que indiretamente lesem os sócios ou acionistas não fundamentam a responsabilidade civil dos administradores nos termos deste artigo., The development of this Master’s Degree Dissertation represents, in addition to a personal research project in an area of deep personal interest, a plan to provide a modest contribution to the analysis of the concept of damages and harm directly caused of Article 79, paragraph 1 of CSC. This Dissertation is divided into three chapters. In the first chapter I attempted to broadly frame the civil liability of directors towards shareholders and third parties through both the historical context of Article 79 of C.S.C., and a detailed analysis of comparative law, particularly the law in force in French law, Italian, German, Spanish and American laws. The second part of the thesis, titled “general regime of civil liability of directors” points to the fact that there is no legal relationship between the administrators and the partners or third parties. Not even the partnership agreement creates an obligatory link between the governing bodies and partners. So even if the partners or third parties establish direct contact with the administrator, its performance is attributed to the company, and a direct relationship between manager and partner or third party is not formed. Since there is no contractual relationship between the managers and the partners or third parties, the responsibility will be tortious and, as such, it is necessary to establish all the assumptions of liability, wrongful act, fault, damage and causation, Article 483º, nº1 of the Civil Code. Finally, the third part of the thesis refers to a patent requirement in Article 79, paragraph 1 of C.S.C., ie that the damage caused in the legal sphere of the partners or shareholders is directly caused. Thus, damage to the assets which indirectly cause harm to the partners or shareholders shall not establish civil liability of directors under this article.

Pachydermoperiostosis is a rare genetic disease that causes major bone and skin changes. Severe ptosis is a prominent finding in this peculiar condition. We report here 2 patients with typical features of pachydermoperiostosis. Their tarsal plates were enlarged and infiltrated by sebaceous gland tissue. One patient also displayed diffuse intratarsal lacrimal gland hyperplasia. As far as we know, this is the first report of ectopic lacrimal tissue in pachydermoperiostosis. Tarsal and skin morphologic changes should be addressed during ptosis correction in these patients.

PURPOSE: To describe the involvement of the lacrimal gland (LG) in blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus syndrome (BPES). DESIGN: Observational, cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-one patients with BPES (10 female, 11 male) aged on average 15 years (range, 2-39 years), from 3 Brazilian medical centers and 1 Portuguese medical center. METHODS: Patients had their ocular surface evaluated with slit-lamp biomicroscopy, and tear production quantified with the Schirmer test I. The LG volumes were measured on computed tomography (CT) scans in the BPES sample and in a group of age-matched subjects imaged for nonorbital diseases. Sixteen patients were screened for mutations in the FOXL2 gene. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Lacrimal meniscus height, Schirmer test I, presence of superficial punctate keratopathy (SPK), LG volume, and molecular analysis of the FOXL2 gene. RESULTS: Absence of LG was detected bilaterally in 9 patients (42.8%) and unilaterally in 2 patients (9.5%). When considering only patients with measurable LG, the median volume was 0.22 cm3 in the right eye (range, 0.06-0.36 cm3) and 0.24 cm3 in the left eye (range, 0.08-0.34 cm3). These values were significantly lower than those for the age-matched controls (median = 0.54 right eye and 0.53 left eye; P < 0.05). There was a significant association between deficiency of tear production and LG volume reduction and agenesis. Molecular analysis of the FOXL2 gene revealed the presence of 8 distinct mutations, 4 of them novel ones. A significant reduction of LG size or agenesis was associated with mutations affecting protein size (due to underlying changes in the stop codon location) or the DNA-binding forkhead domain (Fisher exact test, P = 0.021). In 3 probands, the underlying genetic defect was not found. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study reporting LG volumes in BPES, describing a significant number of patients with LG agenesis. The association between alacrima and BPES is not incidental, and a thorough evaluation of tear production is recommended especially if ptosis surgery is planned. info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion

The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of general practitioners (GP) in selecting higher risk population for skin cancer screening. GP's training was organized to examine a specific high risk population consisting mainly of fisherman and farmers in a city of North of Portugal. Health care professionals of local health units training was performed by two dermatologists 2 months before the screening. During 8 weeks GPs selected patients with skin cancer suspicious lesions and/or risk factors consecutively from their regular consultation. These selected patients were referred to a dermatologist evaluation. Six dermatologists using manual dermoscopy examined the previously selected patients. One hundred eight patients have been screened, 35 % of which were males and 65 % females, with a mean age of 54 years. Full skin evaluation by dermatologists revealed 31 % of actinic keratosis, 5 % of leucoplasia, 7 % of basal cell carcinoma, 8 % of squamous cell carcinoma, and 1 % of melanoma. Cohen's kappa coefficient between dermatologist and GPs was 0.18. Selective screening with collaboration of GPs allowed the detection of more cases of skin cancer than the nonselective screenings in the literature. Although the diagnostic agreement between GPs and dermatologists was not good, our results indicate that active collaboration of dermatologists with primary health care units for selective skin cancer screening, including post graduated courses on their own health units, can be a way of optimizing early detection of cutaneous pre malignant and malignant lesions.

Purpose Graves lower eyelid retraction (GLLR) is a common and controversial sign of Graves orbitopathy. The authors reviewed the mechanisms and surgical techniques currently used to correct this Graves orbitopathy-related eyelid malposition. Methods A literature search was performed on the MEDLINE database using the keywords "lower eyelid retraction," "Graves orbitopathy," "thyroid ophthalmopathy," "thyroid eye disease," "spacers," and "eyelid surgery." Only articles in English were included. The level of evidence of publications regarding surgical correction of GLLR was evaluated and graded from I to IV, using a rating system adapted from a validated scientific evidence classification method. Results The mechanisms responsible for GLLR are not fully understood and no subtypes of GLLR have been distinguished. The surgical literature of GLLR encompasses mainly descriptions of surgical techniques without objective measurements of the results, and uncontrolled studies. Only 1 randomized controlled trial was identified. To lengthen the lower retractors, a large variety of different materials have been used as spacers. Conclusions The scientific literature on GLLR is vast, however controlled and randomized studies comparing different surgical techniques are lacking. At the present moment it is not clear if bioengineered materials are superior to conventional autogeneous tissue as lower eyelid spacers. The effects of GLLR on lower eyelid movements and contour have not been studied.

Glomus tumor is a rare benign vascular hamartoma derived from the modified smooth muscle cells of the glomus body. Paroxysmal pain is the leading symptom. A 78-year-old woman presented at our clinic with a 50-year history of a slow growing painful purple blue tender nodule under the right fourth finger nail. Dermoscopy and magnetic ressonance confirmed the presence of a large subungual tumor and total surgical excision was performed after partial nail plate avulsion. Histologic examination confirmed a glomus tumor. After 1 year of follow-up, the nail grew with normal shape and neither complications nor recurrence were observed.

This study centers on the assessment of psychological value of guarantees in pension products and the behavior biases associated with choice. When a guarantee on a product increases from 99% to 99,5% less than half of respondents show willingness to pay in contrast with 73% when going from 99,5% to 100%. Out of 105 respondents, 55 show that their choices concerning pension products are inconsistent with classic utility theory. Financial background proves insignificant thus pointing to behavioral biases. As individuals make choices that leave them worse-off, we argue that pension plan design would highly benefit from public policy interventions.

Mestrado em Engenharia Florestal e dos Recursos Naturais - Instituto Superior de Agronomia - UL O nemátode da madeira de pinheiro, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus foi identificado em Portugal no ano de 1999 em Pinus pinaster causando a doença da murchidão do pinheiro. Esta espécie representa grande parte da floresta portuguesa, assumindo um papel importante impacto ambiental, social e económico nos ecossistemas onde se insere. Devido ao impacto que a doença da murchidão do pinheiro representa, foi iniciado em 2009 uma seleção fenotípica com vista ao estabelecimento de um programa de um programa de melhoramento genético dirigido ao combate da doença. Foram selecionadas cerca de 500 árvores de pinheiro bravo candidatas a “plus” numa área fortemente afetada pela doença, na zona de Comporta, distrito de Setúbal. No âmbito do presente trabalho avaliaram-se parâmetros genéticos associados à sobrevivência de plantas de dois anos provenientes de 96 famílias de meios-irmãos dessa população, como resposta à inoculação artificial com B. xylophilus em estufa. Este ensaio foi estabelecido em estufa segundo um delineamento experimental de blocos casualisados completos. Para cada planta foi avaliada a altura total e o diâmetro na base. A sobrevivência foi calculada para cada família e foi avaliada em quatro datas após a inoculação: 27, 38, 56 e 157 dias. Para analisar os dados referentes às variáveis altura, diâmetro e sobrevivência foram ajustados modelos mistos. Os resultados obtidos permitiram detetar variabilidade genética para a sobrevivência. Conclui-se que a sobrevivência é influenciada pela altura total da planta e pelo seu diâmetro da base do caule. Através da ordenação da percentagem média de sobrevivência estimada, foi possível identificar as famílias mais tolerantes/resistentes à Doença da Murchidão do Pinheiro

Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária A próstata é a única glândula sexual acessória nos cães, apresentando especial relevância clínica devido à incidência de doenças que a acometem nesta espécie. O presente estudo teve como principal objetivo avaliar a prevalência das doenças prostáticas em canídeos e inferir sobre a abordagem diagnóstica que é realizada nestas afeções. Nesse sentido, foi estudada uma amostra populacional constituída por 117 animais que foram apresentados ao Serviço de Reprodução e Obstetrícia (SRO) da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade de Lisboa (FMV-UL). Estes cães foram sujeitos a um plano de diagnóstico composto por exame físico e ecografia abdominal. Em alguns casos, foram também efetuadas análises laboratoriais e radiografia. Foi possível efetuar um diagnóstico de doença prostática em 58,9% dos casos. A idade média ao diagnóstico foi de 9 anos, com um aumento do risco de desenvolvimento destas afeções a partir dos 5 anos. Não foi identificada qualquer predisposição racial ou relativa ao peso corporal dos animais. A entidade mais prevalente foi a hiperplasia benigna prostática (HBP) (59%), associada frequentemente a outras doenças da glândula. Cerca de 38,6% dos canídeos apresentaram-se assintomáticos. No entanto, naqueles que mostraram sinais clínicos, o quadro sintomatológico foi geralmente constituído por hematúria ou corrimento uretral sanguinolento e tenesmo. Os exames laboratoriais não revelaram alterações significativas nos cães com doença prostática, à exceção de uma associação entre a hematúria e a presença de prostatopatias. A radiografia mostrou ser um exame complementar útil, mas inferior à ecografia no que compete à sensibilidade e à capacidade informativa. A análise dos sonogramas permitiu alcançar fórmulas matemáticas que definem os valores médios e máximos de altura e comprimento próstaticos, em cães com uma próstata saudável. Assim, este estudo permitiu inferir que a ecografia é o melhor exame para a avaliação da próstata. Os resultados aqui obtidos procuram auxiliar na deteção de alterações dimensionais, enfatizando-se que o tamanho não é o único parâmetro a ser apreciado durante a ecografia, e que a forma, a ecogenicidade, a posição e os contornos nunca devem ser descurados. Ressalva-se ainda a importância do diagnóstico precoce, por forma a alcançar o sucesso clínico nestes casos. ABSTRACT - Diagnostic approach to canine prostatic diseases - The prostate is the only accessory sex gland of the male dog, with a particular importance due to the incidence of diseases affecting this species. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of prostatic diseases in dogs and evaluate the diagnostic approach to these disorders. It was based on a population of 117 animals presented to the Reproduction and Obstetrics Service of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Lisbon University. These dogs were submitted to a diagnostic approach through physical examination and abdominal ultrasound. In some cases, laboratory tests and radiographic exams were also performed. Therefore, a diagnosis of prostatic disease was reached in 58,9% of dogs. The average age at diagnosis was 9 years old, with an increased risk in developing these disorders after 5 years old. There was no racial or body weight predisposition to prostatic diseases. Benign prostatic hyperplasia, often associated with other disorders of the prostate, was the most common disease (59%). About 38,6% of dogs were asymptomatic. However, in those with clinical signs, the symptomatology was usually composed by haematuria or bloody urethral discharge and tenesmus. Laboratory tests revealed no significant changes, except an association between haematuria and prostatic disease. Radiography proved to be an useful complementary exam, but less sensitive and informative than ultrasound. This study also allowed to achieve equations that define the average and maximum values of prostatic height and length in dogs with a healthy prostate. In conclusion, the ultrasound proved to be the best exam for the evaluation of the prostate gland. This study aim to help in the detection of dimensional changes of the organ. It is also important to emphasize that size should not be the only criteria to be assessed in this exam. Shape, echogenicity, position and contours should never be forgotten. Furthermore, early diagnosis is crucial to achieve clinical success in veterinary practice in these cases.

Retronychia represents proximal ingrowth of the nail that occurs when the nail embeds backwards into the proximal nail fold. It is suspected when there is a persistent paronychia, particularly in the setting of trauma. Important clinical criteria for diagnosis are inflammation of the proximal nail fold, granulation tissue emerging from under the nail fold, thickening of the proximal portion of the nail plate and interruption of nail growth. The condition is rarely diagnosed and often misinterpreted, and is therefore unnecessarily treated with systemic antibiotics and antifungals. Avulsion of the nail confirms the diagnosis and it is the curative treatment. Conservative treatment with an adhesive technique is a valid option in early cases. We report 20 cases of retronychia diagnosed in our department between 2010 and 2013.