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Intracranial infectious complications (such as abscess) are commonly seen in patients with maxillo-facial area infections/inflammation or temporal bone area (generally ear) infections/inflammation. Cholesteatoma is a mass of soft tissue within the middle ear, consisting of keratinized squamous epithelium and keratin accumulation, with or without inflammation of the surrounding tissue. The study aimed to analyze CT and MRI using conventional and modern techniques for evaluating chronic suppurative cholesteatomatous and non-cholesteatomatous otitis in patients admitted urgently to assess the frequency of intracerebral complications. Material and methods: 30 patients with clinical diagnoses of chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) underwent high-resolution CT (HRCT) and MRI to assess the extent of the disease and associated complications. The study involved analyzing imaging elements such as epitympanic lesions, ossicular erosions, and the presence of labyrinthitis ossificans. Results showed that 66.7% of the patients had right ear involvement, while 40% had left ear involvement. Common complications detected during CT included erosion of the sinodural angle and tegmen tympani, with abscesses being a major complication in 96.7% of cases. MRI sequences such as T1, T2, Flair, and advanced diffusion-weighted techniques (non-EPI) were used efficiently, detecting abscesses and complications in the middle cranial fossa in 96.7% of cases. Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most frequently encountered germ, highlighting the need for focused prevention and treatment measures. Conclusions: CT is effective in identifying bone destructions and intracranial complications, while MRI, especially with diffusion-weighted sequences, offers superior differentiation of cholesteatoma from other soft tissue lesions and evaluation of its extent. Combining CT and MRI provides a comprehensive and precise evaluation, facilitating efficient clinical management and improving patient prognosis.

Aim of study: The interceptive orthodontic treatment is defined as any treatment procedure that eliminates or reduces the severity of a developing malocclusion. Interceptive orthodontics is a good solution in early mixed dentition for improving malocclusion even if it does not solve it completely. Material and methods: In this paper are presented clinical cases of child patients with malocclusions treated in the early period of mixed dentition with functional aplliances and removable appliances, which determinated the stimulation of alveolar development and reduced the severity of dental crowding in the permanent dentition.Results: Through the presented cases we can advocate that the interceptive orthodontic treatment during the mixed dentition is effective and improve the occlusal relashionship which can help the normal growth of the facial skeleton.Conclusions: The interceptive orthodontics is a part of orthodontic treatment used for a recognize and eliminate potential irregularities and malpositions in development of dento-facial apparatus.

Aim of the study The aim of the study is to present a particular case of Gorlin-Goltz syndrome (GGS) and to assess the importance of both clinical and radiological findings in the management of this rare disease. Material and methods We studied a GGS case from our hospital and integrated his clinical and radiological findings in order to assess the importance of conventional radiography, computer tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cone beam computer tomography (CB-CT). Results In this particular case we illustrate the role of MRI and CT examination in determining facial BCC extension and respectively GGS skeletal features. Conclusions Even if GGS is a rare chronic condition, if not periodically and properly investigated, it can lead to invasive basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) or other complication like facial deformities, mandibular fractures caused by keratocystic odontogenic cyst (OKCs).

CBCT has proven to be a highly effective diagnostic tool for maxillofacial imaging and has a wide range of dental uses. Aim: the goal of this study was to assess dentists and specialits level of knowledge and attitudes regarding the indications, contraindications, and benefits of CBCT tests. Material and methods: In this cross-sectional study, the participants responded to online questionnaires that asked them about their experience using CBCT, its benefits and drawbacks, operational principles, and their reasons for recommending or not recommending CBCT. With SPSS 26.0, a statistical analysis was performed. Results: Dentists and prosthetists specialits consider that they have good knowledge regarding the use of CBCT, the same situation being recorded for those who have more than 20 years of work experience. 93.3% of dentists and all specialists recommended CBCT to patients, the trend being the same in terms of seniority where 75% of those with less than 5 years of experience and all doctors with more than 5 years of experience recommended CBCT to patients Most of the participating doctors attended training courses on the use of CBCT. The main reasons why CBCT is not recommended are because it is not necessary (40%), it is an expensive operation (26.7%). Most participants prefer to perform their own interpretation of the radiological examination, except for half of the dentists, prosthetists. Conclusion:The results of the study indicate a satisfactory level of knowledge and attitudes regarding the use of CBCT. Dentists and prosthodontists recommend the use of CBCT as a more frequent diagnostic method. Practitioners with more years of practice, are more reluctant to use this method of radiological evaluation frequently.

Behavioral management approaches are employed with youngsters who are scared or unwilling to cooperate. Podiatric patients’ discomfort and anxiety can be alleviated by the use of pharmacologic sedation, anesthesia, and analgesia. Oral sedative midazolam is frequently prescribed for children because of its safety, rapid onset, and mild amnesia, all of which make it a popular choice among pediatricians. Midazolam/ketamine and its combinations are discussed in this review article, covering the advantages of using oral route of sedation, pharmacokinetics and range of oral dosages, and the use of antagonists for clinical dentistry treatment procedures.