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A Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) é indispensável para o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), pois aperfeiçoa as diretrizes da atenção básica e amplia sua resolutividade. À vista disso, o questionário PCATool versão Profissionais se faz um instrumento essencial ao mensurar o Acesso de Primeiro Contato – Acessibilidade. Esse quesito, quando dispõe de utilização e acessibilidade adequada e age em tempo oportuno, faz da atenção primária a porta de entrada para os demais níveis de atenção em saúde. Assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa é a avaliação diagnóstica da atenção primária à saúde na rede de ESF da cidade de Alfenas, Minas Gerais, a partir da aplicação do questionário PCATool-Brasil Versão Profissionais. Aprovada pelo comitê de ética com número 814.099, a pesquisa foi realizada por meio da aplicação, de forma impressa, do questionário PCAtool-Brasil Versão Profissionais a 117 funcionários da ESF da cidade. Os dados levantados foram organizados em uma tabela no software Excel e, posteriormente, calculou-se os scores seguindo o Manual PCAtool-Brasil Versão Profissionais, sendo a média a principal medida de definição dos dados. Com isso, mensurou-se a qualidade do acesso de primeiro contato e obteve-se resultados negativos (

Toxoplasma gondii is able to infect a wide range of vertebrates, including humans. Studies show that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is a modulator of immune response in multiple types of infection, such as Trypanosoma cruzi. However, the role of COX-2 during T. gondii infection is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of COX-2 during infection by moderately or highly virulent strains of T. gondii in Calomys callosus rodents and human THP-1 cells. C. callosus were infected with 50 cysts of T. gondii (ME49), treated with COX-2 inhibitors (meloxicam or celecoxib) and evaluated to check body weight and morbidity. After 40 days, brain and serum were collected for detection of T. gondii by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry or cytokines by CBA. Furthermore, peritoneal macrophages or THP-1 cells, infected with RH strain or uninfected, were treated with meloxicam or celecoxib to evaluate the parasite proliferation by colorimetric assay and cytokine production by ELISA. Finally, in order to verify the role of prostaglandin E2 in COX-2 mechanism, THP-1 cells were infected, treated with meloxicam or celecoxib plus PGE2, and analyzed to parasite proliferation and cytokine production. The data showed that body weight and morbidity of the animals changed after infection by T. gondii, under both treatments. Immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR showed a reduction of T. gondii in brains of animals treated with both COX-2 inhibitors. Additionally, it was observed that both COX-2 inhibitors controlled the T. gondii proliferation in peritoneal macrophages and THP-1 cells, and the treatment with PGE2 restored the parasite growth in THP-1 cells blocked to COX-2. In the serum of Calomys, upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines was detected, while the supernatants of peritoneal macrophages and THP-1 cells demonstrated significant production of TNF and nitrite, or TNF, nitrite and MIF, respectively, under both COX-2 inhibitors. Finally, PGE2 treatment in THP-1 cells triggered downmodulation of pro-inflammatory mediators and upregulation of IL-8 and IL-10. Thus, COX-2 is an immune mediator involved in the susceptibility to T. gondii regardless of strain or cell types, since inhibition of this enzyme induced control of infection by upregulating important pro-inflammatory mediators against Toxoplasma.