Search

Abstract Background HIV/AIDS has emerged as a nationwide epidemic and has taken the forefront position as the primary infectious killer of adults in China. The control and prevention of the disease have been hampered by a weak link in the form of heterosexual transmission. However, conventional intervention measures have demonstrated suboptimal efficacy in reducing the incidence of new HIV infections. In light of the current epidemiological characteristics, we have developed and executed an innovative intervention model known as the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the ‘CDC-Public Security Bureau-NGO’. The purpose of this research is to assess the impact of this model on the AIDS awareness, HIV infection rates, sexual behavior, and associated factors among female sex workers and elderly clients. Through the provision of robust evidence of the efficacy of this innovative model, we seek to advocate for its implementation in future interventions. Methods The research design of this study incorporates both a serial cross-sectional study and time-series analysis from 2014 to 2021, including a 4-year traditional intervention (2014–2017) and the 4-year ‘CDC-Public Security Bureau-NGO’ innovative intervention (2018–2021), was conducted to evaluate the effects of the new intervention. The GM(1, 1) model was performed to predict the proportion of HIV infection without implementing the innovative intervention in 2018–2021; P and C values were used to evaluate the performance of the model. Mann-Kendall test and descriptive methods were used to analyzed the trend of traditional and innovative interventions models on HIV positive detection rate in FSWs and elderly clients. Results The condom usage rates during the last commercial sexual encounter for FSWs and elderly clients improved from 74.9% and 9.1%, respectively, to 96.9% and 28.1%. (P

AIM: To investigate the long-term changes of corneal densitometry (CD) and its contributing elements after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE). METHODS: Totally 31 eyes of 31 patients with mean spherical equivalent of -6.46±1.50 D and mean age 28.23±7.38y were enrolled. Full-scale examinations were conducted on all patients preoperatively and during follow-up. Visual acuity, manifest refraction, axial length, corneal thickness, corneal higher-order aberrations, and CD were evaluated. RESULTS: All surgeries were completed successfully without complications or adverse events. Ten-year safety index was 1.17±0.20 and efficacy 1.04±0.28. CD value of 0–6 mm zones in central layer was statistically significantly lower 10y postoperatively, compared with preoperative values (0–2 mmΔ=-1.62, 2–6 mmΔ=-1.24, P

The adult, pupa and larva of a new species, Gnaptorina (Gnaptorina) lhorongica Li, sp. nov., from northeastern Xizang, China are described and illustrated. The species was identified using molecular phylogenetic analyses based on three mitochondrial fragments and one nuclear gene fragment (COI, Cytb, 16S, and 28S-D2). The taxonomic status of the new species is confirmed using a combination of molecular and morphological datasets. This study provides valuable molecular and morphological data for phylogenetic studies of the tribe Blaptini.

Abstract Background N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation has become an active research area in viral infection, while little bibliometric analysis has been performed. In this study, we aim to visualize hotspots and trends using bibliometric analysis to provide a comprehensive and objective overview of the current research dynamics in this field. Methods The data related to m6A methylation in viral infection were obtained through the Web of Science Core Collection form 2000 to 2022. To reduce bias, the literature search was conducted on December 1, 2022. Bibliometric and visual analyzes were performed using CiteSpace and Bibliometrix package. After screening, 319 qualified records were retrieved. Results These publications mainly came from 28 countries led by China and the United States (the US), with the US ranking highest in terms of total link strength.The most common keywords were m6A, COVID-19, epitranscriptomics, METTL3, hepatitis B virus, innate immunity and human immunodeficiency virus 1. The thematic map showed that METTL3, plant viruses, cancer progression and type I interferon (IFN-I) reflected a good development trend and might become a research hotspot in the future, while post-transcriptional modification, as an emerging or declining theme, might not develop well. Conclusions In conclusion, m6A methylation in viral infection is an increasingly important topic in articles. METTL3, plant viruses, cancer progression and IFN-I may still be research hotspots and trends in the future.

With the deep involvement of Chinese oil enterprises in global oil production and the breaking of the integrated management mode of production, transportation and marketing for Chinese oil and gas companies, it's necessary to have a more comprehensive and systematic understanding of crude oil custody measurement. Herein, the five major standard systems of crude oil custody measurement worldwide were sorted out. Comprehensive analysis was conducted for the application of crude oil custody measurement standards in different regions of the world, their interrelationship, and the development of relevant Chinese standards in the oil and gas field. The overall management level concerning the selection of main parameters of custody measurement, the accuracy of relevant instrument and equipment, and their calibration and verification, were analyzed systematically by comparing the requirements of different standard systems in terms of the base condition, oil measurement system, oil test and the calibration of measuring equipment. In addition, four measurement design schemes were summarized by analyzing the design schemes for custody measurement of multiple in-service crude oil pipelines by classification. Further, the quality bank of crude oil was included in the design schemes to improve the measurement management level. Generally, the research results could provide a useful reference for the promotion of relevant oil and gas standards in the emerging region and the design of various custody measurement schemes.

Abstract Objective To investigate the dynamic changes during follow-up computed tomography (CT), histological subtypes, gene mutation status, and surgical prognosis for different morphological presentations of solitary lung adenocarcinomas (SLADC). Materials and methods This retrospective study compared dynamic tumor changes and volume doubling time (VDT) in 228 patients with SLADC (morphological types I–IV) who had intermittent growth during follow-ups. The correlation between the morphological classification and histological subtypes, gene mutation status, and surgical prognosis was evaluated. Results Among the 228 patients, 66 (28.9%) were classified as type I, 123 (53.9%) as type II, 16 (7%) as type III, and 23 (10.1%) as type IV. Type I had the shortest VDT (254 days), followed by types IV (381 days) and III (501 days), and then type II (993 days) (p

The inactivated COVID-19 vaccine has demonstrated high efficacy in the general population through extensive clinical and real-world studies. However, its effectiveness in immunocompromised individuals, particularly those living with HIV (PLWH), remains limited. In this study, 20 PLWH and 15 HIV-seronegative individuals were recruited to evaluate the immunogenicity of an inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in PLWH through a prospective cohort study. The median age of the 20 PLWH and 15 HIV-seronegative individuals was 42 years and 31 years, respectively. Of the PLWH, nine had been on ART for over five years. The median anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD IgG antibody level on d224 was higher than that on d42 (8188.7 ng/mL vs. 3200.9 ng/mL, P < 0.05). Following COVID-19 infection, the antibody level increased to 29,872.5 ng/mL on dre+90, 12.19 times higher than that on d300. Compared with HIV-seronegative individuals, the antibody level in PLWH was lower on d210 (183.3 ng/mL vs. 509.3 ng/mL, P < 0.01), while there was no difference after d224. The symptoms of COVID-19 infection in PLWH were comparable to those in HIV-seronegative individuals. In this study, the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine demonstrated good immunogenicity in PLWH. The protective benefit of booster vaccinations for PLWH cannot be ignored. Implementing a booster vaccination policy for PLWH is an effective approach to providing better protection against the COVID-19 pandemic.

This paper presents a simplified elastic continuum method for calculating the restraint effect of isolation piles on tunneling-induced vertical ground displacement, which can consider not only the relative sliding of the pile‒soil interface but also the pile row–soil interaction. The proposed method is verified by comparisons with existing theoretical methods, including the boundary element method and the elastic foundation method. The results reveal the restraining mechanism of the isolation piles on vertical ground displacements due to tunneling, i.e. the positive and negative restraint effects exerted by the isolation piles jointly drive the ground vertical displacement along the depth direction from the original tunneling-induced nonlinear variation situation to a relatively uniform situation. The results also indicate that the stiffness of the pile‒soil interface, including the pile shaft‒surrounding soil interface and pile tip-supporting soil interface, describes the strength of the pile‒soil interaction. The pile rows can confine the vertical ground displacement caused by the tunnel excavation to the inner side of the isolation piles and effectively prevent the vertical ground displacement from expanding further toward the outer side of the isolation piles.

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a chronic joint bone disease characterized by inflammatory destruction and hyperplasia of bone. Its main clinical symptoms are joint mobility difficulties and pain, severe cases can lead to limb paralysis, which poses major pressure to the quality of life and mental health of patients, but also brings serious economic burden to society. The occurrence and development of KOA is influenced by many factors, including systemic factors and local factors. The joint biomechanical changes caused by aging, trauma and obesity, abnormal bone metabolism caused by metabolic syndrome, the effects of cytokines and related enzymes, genetic and biochemical abnormalities caused by plasma adiponectin, etc. all directly or indirectly lead to the occurrence of KOA. However, there is little literature that systematically and comprehensively integrates macro‐ and microscopic KOA pathogenesis. Therefore, it is necessary to comprehensively and systematically summarize the pathogenesis of KOA in order to provide a better theoretical basis for clinical treatment.

This research explores the potential for the evaluation and prediction of earth pressure balance shield performance based on a gray system model. The research focuses on a shield tunnel excavated for Metro Line 2 in Dalian, China. Due to the large error between the initial geological exploration data and real strata, the project construction is extremely difficult. In view of the current situation regarding the project, a quantitative method for evaluating the tunneling efficiency was proposed using cutterhead rotation (R), advance speed (S), total thrust (F) and torque (T). A total of 80 datasets with three input parameters and one output variable (F or T) were collected from this project, and a prediction framework based gray system model was established. Based on the prediction model, five prediction schemes were set up. Through error analysis, the optimal prediction scheme was obtained from the five schemes. The parametric investigation performed indicates that the relationships between F and the three input variables in the gray system model harmonize with the theoretical explanation. The case shows that the shield tunneling performance and efficiency are improved by the tunneling parameter prediction model based on the gray system model.