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Purpose: To investigate the changes in posterior corneal elevation after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) surgery in eyes of different myopia severity. Methods: A total of 141 eyes of 86 patients were recruited and followed at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after SMILE surgery. The eyes were divided into four groups according to the spherical equivalent (SE): low myopia (LM, −3.00 D≤SE 0.05). There were significant reductions of post-operative PCAE compared to baseline in the LM group (P = 0.038) and HM group (P 0.05). TPC was significantly decreased after the surgery in the MM group (P = 0.022) and the HM group (P 0.05). TPC was significantly different among the three groups at 3 months, 6 months and 12 months (all P < 0.05), but not at baseline (P = 0.066) or 1 month (P = 0.080). Conclusion: In the first year after SMILE surgery, PCAE was decreased in both LM and HM eyes, and TPC were decreased in MM and HM eyes, but PME was stable after the surgery.

Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains are potentially rich sources of probiotics that could help avoid infections. In order to evaluate their efficacy in bolstering resistance to Salmonella typhimurium infection among chicks. In this study, L. plantarum and commercial probiotics were administered via the water supply at a dosage of 1×109 CFU per chicken from days 1 to 7 to establish a protective system for the chicks. On days 8 and 9, S. typhimurium was attacked to investigate the preventive effects and potential mechanisms of L. plantarum in comparison with commercial probiotics. Post-treatment, we took a broad range of measurements, including body weight, immune organ index changes, the viable count of S. typhimurium in the liver, spleen, and cecum, as well as pathological changes in the liver. Our findings demonstrated that both L. plantarum and the commercial probiotic could safeguard chicks from S. typhimurium infection. The data also suggested that probiotic medication could ease weight loss postinfection, lower the bacterial count in the liver, spleen, and cecum, and attenuate liver pathological damage among all treated participants. Subsequently, we did high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA to examine the fecal microbiota of the chicks 5 days post-infection. We discovered that both L. plantarum and the commercial probiotic could fend off the invasion of S. typhimurium by affecting the bacterial population of Anaerotruncus, Colidextribacter, and Lactobacillus. Generally speaking, the addition of L. plantarum as a feed additive protects yellow-feathered broilers from S. typhimurium illness, suggesting great potential for commercial uses in the poultry industry.

Climate warming can be detrimental to biodiversity and ecosystem multifunctionality. Numerous studies have examined the effect of warming on ecosystem multifunctionality; however, little is known about how long-term warming affects ecosystem multifunctionality and its seasonal dynamics. Here, we determined the effects of long-term (10 years) in-situ soil warming on multitrophic diversity (plants, soil bacteria, soil fungi, arthropods, and nematodes) and soil multifunctionality in an alpine meadow. The effects of warming on multitrophic diversity were inconsistent, showing a positive effect on soil microbial diversity, including bacterial diversity and fungal diversity, in the upper layer (0–10 cm), a negative effect on plant diversity, and no effect on soil fauna diversity in either the upper (0–10 cm) or lower soil layers (10–20 cm). Warming had a minor effect on soil multifunctionality, and reduced seasonal differences in soil multifunctionality in upper soil layers, but expanded the differences in the lower soil layers. Based on structural equation models, both abiotic factors (soil water content and soil pH) and biotic factors (microbial diversity and fauna diversity) jointly influenced soil multifunctionality, with abiotic factors having a greater effect than biotic factors. The findings provide insights in the important effects of long-term warming on seasonal dynamics of soil multifunctionality, and the crucial role of multitrophic diversity for maintaining the sustainable development of the alpine ecosystem under climate warming.

To diminish the browning and tissue softening issues of green pepper dishes in the freezing/thawing processes, salt, trehalose and calcium chloride were used to treat thawed green peppers, and the hardness, drip loss rate, chlorophyll content, sensory evaluation and microstructure of thawed green peppers were measured to verify the effect of process green protection and hard preservation. A single factor experiment was used to screen the optimum range of each factor and response surface methodology was chosen to obtain the optimum process parameter combination. Results showed that the optimum process for protecting green and hardness properties of green pepper was as follows: Blanching green pepper at 100 ℃ for 5 s, the mass fraction of salt in the blanching solution was 0.50%, immersed in cold water for 15 min, the mass fraction of trehalose was 0.51%, and the mass fraction of calcium chloride was 0.25%. Under this process condition, compared with the control group, the color difference of green pepper in the treatment group was reduced by 3.98, the hardness was increased by 20.37%, the juice loss rate was decreased by 40.29%, the chlorophyll content and sensory score were increased by 102.70% and 88%, respectively. Through the scanning electron microscopy, it was found that the treated green pepper cell wall was more complete and maintained a better cell structure. This process can effectively maintain the color and taste of green pepper after thawing, which can provide data support for the research of green and hardness preservation technology of frozen green pepper prefabricated vegetables.

Abstract The interactions between white-to-white corneal diameter (WTW) and other ocular biometrics are important for planning of refractive surgery and understanding of ocular structural changes in myopia, but such interactions are rarely investigated in young myopic adults. This is a retrospective study involving 7893 young myopic adults from five centers. WTW and other ocular biometrics were measured by Pentacam. The ocular biometrics included anterior corneal curvature (AK) and posterior corneal curvature (PK), central corneal thickness (CCT) and corneal volume (CV), anterior and corneal eccentricity and asphericity, anterior corneal astigmatism (ACA) and posterior corneal astigmatism, anterior chamber depth (ACD), and anterior chamber volume (ACV). The ocular biometrics were compared among eyes of different WTW quartiles. Multivariate linear regression was used to assess the linear associations between WTW and other ocular biometrics adjusting for age, gender and spherical equivalent. In eyes of different WTW quartiles, other ocular biometrics were also significantly different (all P

PurposeAntitumor activity in preclinical models and a phase I study of patients with dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DD-LPS) was observed with selinexor. We evaluated the clinical benefit of selinexor in patients with previously treated DD-LPS whose sarcoma progressed on approved agents.MethodsSEAL was a phase II-III, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Patients age 12 years or older with advanced DD-LPS who had received two-five lines of therapy were randomly assigned (2:1) to selinexor (60 mg) or placebo twice weekly in 6-week cycles (crossover permitted). The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS). Patients who received at least one dose of study treatment were included for safety analysis (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02606461).ResultsTwo hundred eighty-five patients were enrolled (selinexor, n = 188; placebo, n = 97). PFS was significantly longer with selinexor versus placebo: hazard ratio (HR) 0.70 (95% CI, 0.52 to 0.95; one-sided P = .011; medians 2.8 v 2.1 months), as was time to next treatment: HR 0.50 (95% CI, 0.37 to 0.66; one-sided P < .0001; medians 5.8 v 3.2 months). With crossover, no difference was observed in overall survival. The most common treatment-emergent adverse events of any grade versus grade 3 or 4 with selinexor were nausea (151 [80.7%] v 11 [5.9]), decreased appetite (113 [60.4%] v 14 [7.5%]), and fatigue (96 [51.3%] v 12 [6.4%]). Four (2.1%) and three (3.1%) patients died in the selinexor and placebo arms, respectively. Exploratory RNA sequencing analysis identified that the absence of CALB1 expression was associated with longer PFS with selinexor compared with placebo (median 6.9 v 2.2 months; HR, 0.19; P = .001).ConclusionPatients with advanced, refractory DD-LPS showed improved PFS and time to next treatment with selinexor compared with placebo. Supportive care and dose reductions mitigated side effects of selinexor. Prospective validation of CALB1 expression as a predictive biomarker for selinexor in DD-LPS is warranted.

The increasing prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) as a global health concern highlights the paramount importance of accurately predicting its progression. This necessity has propelled the use of deep learning’s advanced analytical and predictive capabilities to the forefront of current research. However, this approach is confronted with significant challenges, notably the prevalence of incomplete data and the need for more robust predictive models. Our research aims to address these critical issues, leveraging deep learning to enhance the precision and reliability of diabetes progression predictions. We address the issue of missing data by first locating individuals with data gaps within specific patient clusters, and then applying targeted imputation strategies for effective data imputation. To enhance the robustness of our model, we implement strategies such as data augmentation and the development of advanced group-level feature analysis. A cornerstone of our approach is the implementation of a deep attentive transformer that is sensitive to group characteristics. This framework excels in processing a wide array of data, including clinical and physical examination information, to accurately predict the progression of DM. Beyond its predictive capabilities, our model is engineered to perform advanced feature selection and reasoning. This is crucial for understanding the impact of both individual and group-level factors on deep models’ predictions, providing invaluable insights into the dynamics of DM progression. Our approach not only marks a significant advancement in the prediction of diabetes progression but also contributes to a deeper understanding of the multifaceted factors influencing this chronic disease, thereby aiding in more effective diabetes management and research.

Objectives: Chemerin, as a novel multifunctional adipokine, is proposed to be involved in high cancer risk and mortality. The present study was aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of serum Chemerin and neutrophils in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Materials and methods: 120 patients with OSCC were included in this prospective cohort study. The levels of serum Chemerin were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We also explored the possible effects of Chemerin on neutrophils’ chemokines in OSCC using a real-time PCR, western blotting. Results: Levels of serum Chemerin, neutrophils and NLR were significantly higher among non-survivors compared to survivors of OSCC (both P

Inkjet-printed quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) are emerging as a promising technology for next-generation displays. However, the progress in fabricating QLEDs using inkjet printing technique has been slower compared to spin-coated devices, particularly in terms of efficiency and stability. The key to achieving high performance QLEDs lies in creating a highly ordered and uniform inkjet-printed quantum dot (QD) thin film. In this study, we present a highly effective strategy to significantly improve the quality of inkjet-printed CdZnSe/CdZnS/ZnS QD thin films through a pressure-assisted thermal annealing (PTA) approach. Benefiting from this PTA process, a high quality QD thin film with ordered packing, low surface roughness, high photoluminescence and excellent electrical property is obtained. The mechanism behind the PTA process and its profound impact on device performance have been thoroughly investigated and understood. Consequently, a record high external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 23.08% with an impressive operational lifetime (T50) of up to 343,342 ​h@100 ​cd ​m−2, and a record EQE of 22.43% with T50 exceeding to 1,500,463 ​h@100 ​cd ​m−2 are achieved in inkjet-printed red and green CdZnSe-based QLEDs, respectively. This work highlights the PTA process as an important approach to realize highly efficient and stable inkjet-printed QLEDs, thus advancing QLED technology to practical applications.

During the 2022 R/V cruises in the Yellow Sea, four goby specimens (51.2‒63.5 mm) were captured by using an Agassiz trawl at a water depth of about 70 meters. These specimens were identified as Suruga fundicola, mainly by the morphometric characters. Their identification was further confirmed by a molecular phylogenetic analysis based on 12S and COI mtDNA genes. Considering that the four specimens were in good condition and that the original description is brief, a detailed description of the specimens is given. Moreover, the present study presents a preliminary analysis of its phylogenetic position within the Acanthogobius-lineage (Gobiidae). The discovery of this goby in the Yellow Sea enriches our knowledge of the fish diversity and distribution of this region, and sheds some light on the ecological habitat of these gobies.