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This study investigated the efficiency of a sequestration strategy using carbon-based materials to reduce the transfer of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) from hens to eggs. Specifically, the potential of Kazakhstan-made Shoptykol coal was evaluated by applying 2% (by weight) of this material to OCP-contaminated soil obtained from Kyzylkairat (Almaty region, Kazakhstan). The experiment was conducted by exposure for 45 days of 18 hens, which were divided into three groups depending on their feeding conditions. Laying hens were fed diets containing 10% of soil: for the first group with control soil A, the second group with contaminated soil K, the third group with contaminated soil containing coal. Quantification of pesticide concentrations in egg yolks of laying hens was then performed by gas chromatography mass-spectrometry. Despite the supply of Shoptykol, no significant reduction in OCPs transfer was observed for compounds tested. Thus, the efficiency of Shoptykol coal in reducing the transfer of organochlorine pesticides to animals was not confirmed by our results.

Nowadays, different types of antibiotics are being widely used in livestock for therapeutic purposes to treat infections. Significant quantities of them are excreted and remain in produced food items, including milk. This indicates improper use of antibiotics which may have serious consequences for human health. This comprehensive review was conducted with the aim to summarize existing knowledge about evaluation of antibiotic residues in milk of different livestock animals. This review involves 35 articles retrieved from PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect and Web of Science databases published from 2010 to 2023 and compares on the group of antibiotics identified, type of milk selected and various methods that were applied to undertake the research. Results showed that cow milk is the most intensively examined milk type (88.6%), whereas others, namely goat, camel, buffalo and sheep are less investigated on antibiotic residues. Among the techniques, chromatographic is revealed to be the most common due to its significant advantages over other methods. In addition, it was concluded that tetracyclines with the share of 85.6% are the group of antibiotics that is the most frequently studied in research articles.

Milk is a staple food consumed all over the world which has significant impact both economically and nutritionally. Even if the milk is nutritious and healthful, it can also contain antiparasitic drugs residues that dangerous to human health. Inappropriate using antiparasitic drugs for producing animals may cause serious disorder in humans. This review was aimed to find out and analyze how much the dosage of injections and the excretion period of antiparasitic drugs from animal milks have been studied for safe human consumption. Totally, 15 papers about antiparasitic drugs usage for different animals were analyzed. The results showed that the most studied animal to date is the cow for ivermectin, albendazole and abamectin residues. More research works are required to be done for animals as goats, sheep, and especially camels to know after how many periods of time antiparasitic drugs will be excreted. As camel milk gains popularity due to it is possessing therapeutic and immunostimulant properties, more experimental results are needed into veterinary drugs safety measures. One of the mainly used method to conduct experiment is high-performance liquid chromatography because of superior resolving power when separate mixtures.

Biochars (BCs) and activated carbons (ACs) are well-known carbon-rich materials that are being increasingly studied in environmental sciences for water treatment applications to remediate pollutant sequestration in soil. This study aimed to assess the impact of Sargasso BC particle size and amendment rate on the environmental availability of DDT and DDT metabolites in two distinct Kazakh soils. These two soils were collected in the vicinity of storehouse facilities in Kyzylkairat and Beskainar that store banned pesticides. They presented very distinct concentration levels of DDT and DDT metabolites. Three different types of carbonaceous matrices were tested: Sargasso BC and two commercial ACs (ORBOTM and DARCO©). For the granulometry effect, Sargasso BC was ground, and two particle sizes were tested (<150 µm, >150 µm) and compared to an unground material. Four distinct application rates were tested (0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2% (w/w)). After a three-month maturation period, environmental availability was assessed using an ISO/DIS 16751, part B-modified methodology. Interestingly, the best reductions in DDT environmental availability were obtained with the finest particle size (both ACs and Sargasso BC < 150 µm). More specifically, the effectiveness of the strategy seemed to depend on many factors. Firstly, a clear soil effect was demonstrated, suggesting that the more contaminated the soil, the more efficient this strategy may be. Secondly, the results showed that an increase in the amendment rate improves the immobilization of DDT and DDT metabolites. The sequestration material demonstrated different efficiency values (up to 58 ± 4% for Sargasso BC < 150 µm and 85 ± 4% for DARCO at a 2% application rate). Finally, a clear molecule effect was displayed, demonstrating the following immobilization order: p,p'-DDE > p,p'-DDD > p,p'-DDT > o,p'-DDT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]