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The paper presents unknown ultrastructure observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) of aedeagus, spermatheca and ovipositor of Julodis ehrenbergii Laporte (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Julodinae) from Turkey. The studied specimens were collected from cankiri and corum provinces which are new provincial records for Turkey, in July and August 2021. The genus Julodis Eschscholtz includes 49 species in the Palearctic region, while it is represented by seven species in Turkey. One of them, J. ehrenbergii Laporte is represented by only the nominate subspecies in Turkey. As known, aedeagus, spermatheca and ovipositor are taxonomically important structures. Before the present study, however, there are no work on these structures of J. ehrenbergii Laporte. For this reason, ultrastructural and detailed investigations of aedeagus, spermatheca and ovipositor of J. ehrenbergii Laporte from Turkey were firstly studied with SEM and stereo microscope to obtain new diagnostic characters in the genus Julodis Eschscholtz. The female spermatheca is found insignificant and not diagnostic but aedeagus is found important for diagnosis. In addition, the ultrastructural characters of the ovipositor can also be useful for diagnosis. Photos in SEM as well as photos in the stereo microscope are also given in the text. Highlights Ultrastructural and detailed investigations of aedeagus, spermatheca and ovipositor of Julodis ehrenbergii Laporte from Turkey were firstly studied with scanning electron microscope (SEM) and stereo microscope to obtain new diagnostic characters in the genus Julodis Eschscholtz. New diagnostic characters that can be distinguished by SEM have been revealed in aedeagus, spermatheca and ovipositor structures, which are used for morphological differentiation of species.

The main sensory organs of the insects are sensilla who act as thermohygroreceptor, chemoreceptor, or mechanoreceptor and sensilla are found in various structures of insects such as the head, antenna, mouth, and legs. The number, distribution, position, and types of sensilla vary between insect groups and can be used as taxonomic characters. For this reason, since no study has been found on the sensilla of Notonecta viridis Delcourt, 1909 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Notonectidae) in the literature, it is aimed to study the morphology of the sensilla in the antennae and mouth parts of female and male individuals of this species. For this purpose, scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques were used in this study. After cleaning and drying the female and male N. viridis individuals, the samples were coated with gold or gold-palladium and examined in SEM. According to the results that we got, 3 major types of sensilla with different diameters have been identified on the mouthparts: sensilla basiconica, sensilla trichodea, and sensilla coeloconica. But 2 major types of sensilla were found on the antenna: sensilla basiconica and sensilla trichodea. Of all these sensilla types, the most common is the sensilla trichodea. The results that we got from this research were also compared with other sensilla of different species in the literature, and similarities and differences were revealed.

In insects, there are many sensilla showing different structural features on themouthparts and antennae. These sensilla act as the sensory organs of insects. Main functionsof the sensilla in insects are chemoreception, mechanoreception, and thermohygrosensoryproperties. Eurygaster testudinaria (Geoffroy) (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Scutelleridae)is a widespread species that is a perilous pest for agricultural areas. In this study,the sensilla on the mouth parts and antennae of E. testudinaria were investigated by usingscanning electron microscope technique. In our results we obtained, we were identifed fourtypes of sensilla such as sensilla basiconica, peg-like sensilla, sensilla trichodea, sensillacampaniformia. Each sensilla type were divided into subtypes and numbered. We hope tocontribute to similar studies in the future to be carried out with this morphological study.

Böceklerde sindirim sisteminin morfolojisindeki çeşitlilik, birçok araştırmacıyı, proventrikulusa özel vurgu yaparak, onu sistematik ve filogenik karakter olarak kullanmaya yöneltmiştir. Bu çalışmada, nimfal Conocephalus fuscus fuscus (Fabricius, 1793) (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae), 2017 ve 2018 yıllarının Haziran ayında Ankara-Çankırı yolu üzerindeki arazilerden toplanmış ve disekte edilen proventrikulus yapısı ışık mikroskobu ve taramalı elektron mikroskop yöntemleriyle incelenmiştir. C. fuscus fuscus dıştan içe doğru kas tabakası ve epitel tabakasından oluşmaktadır. Epitel tabakasının apikal yüzeyinde farklı kalınlıklarda kütikül tabakası yer almaktadır. C. fuscus fuscus, 6 skletorize tabanlı uzunlamasına dişi olan proventrikulusa sahiptir. Her uzunlamasına merkezi dişin apikal tarafında kısa dikenler ve bazal tarafında tüy benzeri çıkıntılar vardır. Proventrikulus yapısı, Orthoptera takımındaki diğer türlerin proventrikulusuna benzer temel bir morfolojik model sunar. Ancak diğer böcek türleri ile karşılaştırıldığı zaman uzunlamasına diş üzerinde bulunan dikenlerde bazı farklılıklar olduğunu gözlemledik. Sonuçlar, iç morfolojinin, bu analizlerde böceklerde filogeninin araştırılmasında kullanılabilecek bir karakter olduğunu doğrulamaktadır.

In insects, there are many sensilla showing different structural features on themouthparts and antennae. These sensilla act as the sensory organs of insects. Main functionsof the sensilla in insects are chemoreception, mechanoreception, and thermohygrosensoryproperties. Eurygaster testudinaria (Geoffroy) (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Scutelleridae)is a widespread species that is a perilous pest for agricultural areas. In this study,the sensilla on the mouth parts and antennae of E. testudinaria were investigated by usingscanning electron microscope technique. In our results we obtained, we were identifed fourtypes of sensilla such as sensilla basiconica, peg-like sensilla, sensilla trichodea, sensillacampaniformia. Each sensilla type were divided into subtypes and numbered. We hope tocontribute to similar studies in the future to be carried out with this morphological study.

Gastric caecum is the region of the midgut in alimentary canal of insects. Themain role of the gastric caecum in digestion is secreting the digestion enzymes. In this study,the gastric caecum ofVentocoris fischeri(Herrich-Schaffer, 1851) (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae)was investigated with using light microscope and scanning electron microscope. InV. fischeri,the gastric caecum is the last part of the midgut and has four longitudinal rows. The wall ofeach row has single layer cuboidal epithelium. The lumen of the gastric caecum containsnumerous bacteria that have a role in helping digestion. The gastric caecum is connected tothe alimentary canal at the region called as the pylorus.

In this study, the morphology and histology of the gastric cecum of Centrocoris variegatus was examined with light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). C. variegatus is a phytophagous species that feeds on the various plants and agricultural areas and harm them. The digestive tract of C. variegatus is divided into three different regions: Foregut, midgut, and hindgut. The gastric caecum is located in the posterior end of the midgut. The gastric caecum of C. variegatus was compared to the other species belonging to Hemiptera order and other insect groups. Obtained similarities and differences in both morphological and histological features were revealed.

Amutkan Mutlu, D., Polat, I., Gözüpek, H., Suludere, Z., 2019, Ventocoris fischeri (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1851) (Heteroptera:Pentatomidae)’nin Tükürük Bezlerinin Morfolojisi ve Histolojisi, J.Het.Turk.,1(1-2):41-51 ÖZET: Bu çalışmada, bir Hemiptera türü olan Ventocoris fischeri (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1851)’in tükürük bezinin morfoloji ve histolojisi stereomikroskop, ışık mikroskobu ve taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) kullanılarak detaylı bir şekilde araştırılmıştır. V. fischeri’nin sindirim kanalının ön bağırsağına paralel uzanan bir çift tükürük bezi bulunmaktadır. Her tükürük bezi, esas tükürük bezi ve yardımcı tükürük bezi olmak üzere iki parçadan oluşmaktadır. Esas tükürük bezi ise anterior lob ve posterior lob olarak adlandırılan iki farklı kısma ayrılmaktadır. Esas tükürük bezinin her iki lobunun kesitleri incelendiğinde bezin lümenini tek tabaklı epitel dokunun çevrelediği görülmektedir. Yardımcı tükürük bezlerinde de tek katlı epitel bulunmaktadır. Ancak bu tabakaya ek olarak hücrelerin apikal tarafında lümeni kitin tabakası çevrelemektedir. Yapılan bu çalışma ile V. fischeri’nin tükürük bezi yapısı araştırılmış, daha önce yapılan diğer çalışmaların bulguları ile benzerlik ve farklılıkları ortaya konmuştur. __________ Amutkan Mutlu, D., Polat, I., Gözüpek, H., Suludere, Z., 2019,, Morphology and Histology of Salivary Glands of Ventocoris fischeri (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1851) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), J.Het.Turk.,1(1-2):41-51 ABSTRACT: In this study, the morphology and histology of the salivary gland of Ventocoris fischeri (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1851), a Hemiptera species, were investigated in detail using stereomicroscope, light microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). V. fischeri has a pair of salivary glands extending parallel to the foregut of the digestive tract. Each salivary gland is composed of two parts, main salivary gland and accessory salivary gland. The main salivary gland is divided into two different parts called anterior lobe and posterior lobe. When the sections of both lobes of the main salivary gland are examined, it is seen that the lumen of the gland is surrounded by monolayer epithelial tissue. There is also a single-layer epithelium in the accessory salivary glands. However, in addition to this layer, chitin layer surrounds the lumen on the apical side of the cells. With this study, the structure of V. fischeri’s salivary gland was investigated and similarities and differences with the results of previous studies were revealed.