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Salinity is a commonly occurring abiotic stress and poses as a major impediment in citrus production as the crop has less tolerance ability to this stress. It causes severe osmotic stress restraining overall performance of the plant. One month old seedlings of Rangpur lime, Rough lemon and Indian wild orange were established in sand media and later exposed to stress for 48 hrs in a low cost polyhouse. The different levels of sodium chloride (0 mM, 75 mM and 100 mM) was used for simulating salt stress. The morpho-physiological parameters viz., shoot and root length, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root and Relative water content (RWC) were reduced on exposing to stress with severity being in 100 mM NaCl. On comparing citrus species, Rangpur lime performed better at both stress levels than Rough lemon and Indian wild orange exhibiting its tolerance towards salinity.

Nanotechnology in recent past has made a tremendous contribution in sustaining global food production. This has led to rapid development and introduction to several engineered nanomaterials to the living system. Several crop production and management strategies were improved through nanoparticles activities owing to higher crop productivity, quality produce, novel cultivars, efficient nutrient as well as agrochemicals utilization and detecting crop infirmities prior in hand. These achievements set a landmark for overcoming potential threats in modern farming. Accompanying these advantages originates nanotoxicology in soil and plant environment when nanomaterials engaged are not strictly controlled leading to free circulation in the biological system. Nanotoxicity can be exerted in the form of phytotoxicity, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, ecotoxicity and other health hazards. Toxicity in plants are majorly exhibited in the form of germination inhibition, growth restriction in shoots and roots. Regardless of immense contributions made by nanotechnology in modern science, each and every tools or elements must undergo safety concerns on plants, human and environment prior to the mass dispersal. Thus, effective assessment ensuring biosafety and eco-safety should be made during delivery of such technological developments. Therefore, this paper reviews at engineered nanomaterials synthesis, their interaction with plant and soil system, merits along recent discoveries and their possible threats to environmental components.