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Learning outcomes The case depicts an opportunity for students to be exposed to the decision theory concept. The study aims to encourage them to use the data given in the case and exhibits to explore as follows: decision-making under uncertainty; decision-making under risk; compare and contrast uncertainty and risk; and evaluate the value of perfect information EVPI and understand its application in decision-making. Case overview/synopsis Vikas Teerth, a budding entrepreneur, wanted to venture out into the pineapple business. He had three land plots available, but he would like to take up a single plot after analyzing the possible returns factoring the volatile prices and other impending constraints. He wanted to use the decision-making approaches with the aid of probability to arrive at the best decision. This case helps the instructors to introduce the concept of decision-making under risk and under uncertainty which comes under the preview of decision theory. Students can use the data given in the case and exhibits to do the necessary calculations required and thereby get an insight into the process of calculated decision-making. Complexity academic level This case can teach decision theory in undergraduate-level and graduate-level courses in operations research, decision-making and industrial engineering. It can also be used to discuss issues and challenges faced in start-ups or SME entrepreneurship. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 7: Management Science.

Technological innovations while economically prudent may have harmful consequences to the planet and/or people. This paper empirically investigates the moderating effect of responsible investment on the influence of innovation on firm performance in manufacturing industry. The hypothesized relationships are justified using signalling theory. Relationships are tested using data from six countries in Asia-pacific region, namely Australia, Korea, Taiwan, China, India, and Vietnam. The established measures are drawn from well-established GMRG fifth version survey instrument. The empirical analysis on 297 data points was done using SmartPLS3. The result strongly suggests that the responsible investments have significant positive moderating effect on the innovation, product and process, and firm performance relationships. Managers are, therefore, encouraged to not only consider responsible consequences of technological innovation, but also pay attention to the responsible investment aspects that influence innovation-performance relationship.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the complex interrelationships among the key constructs, supply chain orientation (SCO), supply chain integration (SCI) and supply chain performance (SCP) in Indian manufacturing industries. These relationships have been studied using the relational view (RV) and the knowledge-based view (KBV) theoretical perspectives. Design/methodology/approach The conceptual model was derived from the existing body of knowledge in the supply chain domain. The study is based on a sample size of 122 data collected via face-to-face meetings with the Indian manufacturers using well-established scales. The covariance-based structural equation modeling was used to test the proposed hypotheses. Findings In Indian manufacturing and supply chains, SCO has a positive relationship with SCI and SCP. Moreover, the direct impact of SCO on SCP diminishes when SCI is used as a mediating variable. This study also observes positive impact of: i) SCO on SCP, ii) SCI on SCP and iii) discovery of mediating role of SCI on SCP under the theoretical lenses of RV and KBV. Research limitations/implications Cross-sectional survey of manufacturing firms of one country (using one response per firm) calls for validation covering other parts of the world and demands a longitudinal survey. This research will trigger more scholarly, practice and policy debate among researchers studying Indian and emerging economies context. Practical implications The notion of a holistic view of the SC with a focus on improving the customer value can enhance strategic partnerships among the SC partners (i.e. SCI) and overall SCP. Firms should make efforts to include SCI in SC designs to successfully transform SCO into SCP. Originality/value The originality of the research lies in studying the complex interrelationships among key concepts of SC in a unique Indian manufacturing context. The Indian supply chains operate in a set of unique characteristics, which have been detailed out in this paper. This paper not only establishes the mediating role of SCI for overall SCP in emerging economies but also enhances the scholarly knowledge in the SC domain. Most studies report SCO as a single-order construct, measured by scales comprising of only few items. The second-order SCO measures in this study bring credibility to the findings. Additionally, it contributes to both academicians and practitioners alike in the context of an integrated SC in emerging economies.

This study investigates the critical firm-level strengths and weaknesses that explain cross-sectional variations in abnormal stock returns of Hospitality and Tourism (HT) firms during different phases of a crisis. We used the event study and multivariate regression framework for analysing the Indian HT firms’ data around the COVID-19 crisis. While reporting a significant negative influence of COVID-19, we identified the early crisis, market crash and continuation of the crisis periods. Furthermore, we observe that during the early-crisis period, business diversity, financial stability and board diversity improved HT firms’ strength to withstand the risk, while business group affiliation was of little help. During the market crash and continuation of the crisis phase, better capital intensity and financial stability proved helpful. The managers of HT firms can take cues from this study to understand firm-level characteristics that provide resilience to their firms’ value in managing different phases of the crisis. © 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

Homestays have become an integral part of sustainable tourism business in south west of Karnataka. We present an integrated method to allocate capacity that maximises revenue for a homestay during their peak and slack season. Here, TODIM is applied to understand their competitive positioning in the region. Further, integrating Monto-Carlo simulation with EMSR-b heuristics booking limits for each package class is determined. The results show that homestay owner needs to reduce protection interval for gold, platinum, and silver packages. Customers also get benefitted because of the variety of packages available during the respective seasons, which will lead to more customer satisfaction.

The COVID-19 pandemic, ever since its global outbreak in 2020, has continued to wreak havoc. Governments across the world were compelled to enforce strict nation-wide lockdowns, while emphasising on social distancing and quarantining suspected people in order to slow down the spread of the virus. During this time, there was a massive increase in demand for COVID-19 test kits. However, given the limited supply, countries were finding it hard to test enough people. This study proposes an approach called Encoded Blending (EB) to increase the number of tests drastically, without increasing the number of test kits. EB modifies the pooled testing method; this has been followed by countries like Germany, Israel and South Korea for mass testing their citizens. EB has the potential to reduce test kits requirement by up to 85% and 80% in a population with 5% and 10% affected cases, respectively.

Purpose This paper aims to explore and model the factors of management quality dimension (FMQD) in evaluating banking performance. Design/methodology/approach The FMQD in evaluating banking performance are explored through the review of literature. The identified factors are modeled using integrated fuzzy cognitive map (FCM) and Matrices’ Impacts Croise’s Multiplication Appliquée a UN Classement (MICMAC) approach. Scenario analysis is carried out on the proposed model to study the behavior in a dynamic setting. Findings The main finding of this study is the prioritization of FMQD in evaluating banking performance. The cohesive model obtained by FCM-MICMAC integrated approach demonstrates that the interlinked factors can be grouped into independent, autonomous, dependent and relay clusters. The results suggest that internal control system is the most influential factor, whereas the business per employee is the most sensitive one in modeling management quality. Research limitations/implications This study models the FMQD through expert opinions, and hence, individual bias may influence the results. This study can be further validated through statistical analysis. Practical implications The study suggests that practitioners may focus more on these select factors and their mutual interactions to enhance management quality for improving the performance of the banks. The study emphasizes that better clarity and efficient designing of internal processes are the key to management soundness. Originality/value This is the first study to explore and model FMQD in banking performance using FCM-MICMAC approach. Validation of the proposed model in a dynamic setting is also relatively new in the banking performance literature.

Based on the literature review and interviews with experts, this study identifies 11 factors that can effectively capture the management quality dimension of the capital adequacy, asset quality, management quality, earnings, liquidity and sensitivity to market risk (CAMELS) framework in evaluating the performance of banking institutions. It further models these factors using the integrated fuzzy cognitive map (FCM) and Matrice d’Impacts Croisés Multiplication Appliquée a UN Classement (MICMAC) approach. A scenario analysis is then conducted on the proposed model to study the interrelationships between these factors in a dynamic setting. The results suggest that of all the 11 factors identified, the ‘internal control system’ is the most influential factor in determining management soundness, whereas ‘business per employee’ is the most sensitive in which any impact on employee morale could impact business performance. The managerial and practical implications of our study are also discussed.

The present study views adventure tourism through a services marketing lens to investigate the impact of customer experience on tourist satisfaction. It further explores the mediating role of commitment between tourists’ satisfaction and behavioural intents, that is, their revisit intentions (RVIs). The adventure activities under consideration in this study are trekking and rafting. A survey of participants with experience in trekking and rafting was conducted to establish support for the proposed model. The findings of the study indicate that quality of experience positively affects satisfaction, which in turn leads to positive commitment and enhances RVIs of the tourists.

We investigate the impact of the Demonetization of 85% currency in circulation in India on the eve of 8 November 2016 on all the listed stocks spanning over 20 broad industry clusters (sectors) and their affiliation type from the Indian economy over the period of November to Mid-January 2016. Using the event study methodology, we assess the effects of Demonetization, relative to what had been anticipated, as measured by abnormal returns (ARs). The results indicate that Group Affiliated firms witnessed the highest negative abnormal returns both on the event days and during the event window period, while PSUs witnessed the least wrath. On the sectoral front, Demonetization shows a mixed effect in the early days which changes to positive for most of the sectors barring a few. Banking Sector was the worst hit in the early days with a CAAR of −1.74%, while many sectors like Pharma, Paper and Wholesale Trading witnessed a windfall gain in the long run.

The tourism industry was among the early adopters of information and communication technology (ICT), such as the Computer Reservation System of the early 1950s and the adoption of Global Distribution Systems in the late 1980s. However, after several decades of ICT adoption, the degree of adoption as well as use of ICT among enterprises related to travel and tourism (T&T) has been quite uneven. The objective of this study is to provide a model that explains the ICT adoption process in the T&T industry through a combination of Adoption Diffusion (AD) and Usage Diffusion (UD). The model incorporates the UD concepts of variety of use and rate of use with the perceived usefulness concept of AD. The UD model, unlike the AD model, focuses on the extent of use rather than on the act of adoption. The model consists of three main parts, namely, determinants, user patterns and outcomes. Based on these three dimensions, adopters are categorized into eight groups: Tech-Savvy, Obligatory, Early Adopter, Focused...

This study investigates the relative importance of perceived obsolescence risk in comparison to generic perceived risk dimensions among business buyers while purchasing high-technology products. We use step-wise regression to assess the contribution of obsolescence risk towards the overall perceived risk (OPR). Our results show that perceived obsolescence risk is a significant predictor of variation in the OPR and reports the highest mean score, implying that it is also the most important of all the risk dimensions. Our findings have significant implications for marketing managers of high-technology products, enabling them to design their marketing mix in a manner that reduces the OPR with particular emphasis on reducing the obsolescence risk.

Supply chain coordination in manufacturing sector has been the key focus of many research scholars since last four decades; however, research of tourism supply chain (TSC) management (SCM) has gained little attention. The unique characteristics of tourism sector call for special consideration to satisfy various stakeholders having divergent business objectives across different operating systems. This calls for a holistic view of the entire supply chain and not just playing in silos. The present chapter studies the important features of tourism products/services and identifies issues that are core to managing the supply chain in the tourism sector with the ultimate objective to achieve coordination of the TSC. The chapter gives an overview of current studies in tourism from the perspective of supply chain coordination and provides a coordination framework and stresses the role of information sharing for successful implementation of the coordination mechanism.

Allied Founders Pvt. Ltd (AF) was a leading foundry in the small and medium enterprise (SME) space, operating in Belgaum, Karnataka, India. AF primarily dealt in manufacturing quality cast iron, ductile iron castings, machined components and assemblies. The case depicts a problem in the production process, that could affect the delivery and thereby cause complications to the SME's first international order. It provides an opportunity to conduct a situation analysis, identify the root cause and presents an insight into functioning of family run SMEs along with the challenges in going international

The study examines the status of corporate online reporting in the Indian services sector. It also explores the pattern and determinants affecting corporate online reporting. The paper uses content analysis for investigating the level and extent of corporate online reporting. A corporate online reporting index has been developed for the study, dividing the frame into three major headings namely, general, financial and presentation indexes. OLS regression is used for checking the determinants affecting corporate online disclosure. The study yields three major findings. First, results reveal that corporate online reporting measured by the three different indexes has a significant relationship with the size of the hotel. Second, there is negative and significant association between certain key determinants such as productivity, shareholders profitability and liquidity of the companies. Finally, other determinants such as profitability, leverage and growth are not significantly associated with corporate online reporting of the Indian service sector firms. The paper is built around the concept of transparency and reporting on the web that may facilitate the investors and stakeholders. The result is a novel approach to discuss corporate online reporting and transparency that contributes to other critical voices concerned about the value and effects of corporate online reporting.

This paper analyzes the financial performances of oil and gas companiesusing Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method. Financial ratios of the oil and gas companies were calculated for each and every company separately. The computed ratio was transformed to show the performance rankings of oil and gas companies by using entropy and TOPSIS method. Ranking of the companies was done by arranging according to their performance. The time period for assessment of oil and gas companies was from 2011 to 2015 and results show each year’s company performance ranking. The result showed that Hindustan Ltd. has the highest ranking in the year 2011, BPCL for the year 2012, Gail Ltd. for the year 2013, and in the last two years Petronet had the highest ranking. Every year different companies had the lowest ranking.