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5. 1769 Occupational disease and morbidity modelling

Author

Samant, Y, primary, Gravseth, HM, additional, Aas, O, additional, Ekle, R, additional, Strømholm, T, additional, Gigonzac, V, additional, Khireddine-Medouni, I, additional, Breuillard, E, additional, Bossard, C, additional, Guseva Canu, I, additional, Santin, G, additional, Chérié-Challine, L, additional, Bonney, T, additional, Kyeremateng-Amoah, E, additional, Forst, L, additional, Friedman, L, additional, Pesatori, AC, additional, Angelici, L, additional, Favero, C, additional, Dioni, L, additional, Mensi, C, additional, Bareggi, C, additional, Palleschi, A, additional, Cantone, L, additional, Consonni, D, additional, Bordini, L, additional, Todaro, A, additional, and Bollati, V, additional

Published
2018
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6. Transportation of goats: Effects on physiological stress responses and live weight loss

Author

Kannan, G., Terrill, T. H., Kouakou, B., Gazal, O. S., Gelaye, S., Amoah, E. A., and Samake, S.

Subjects
Goats -- Physiological aspects, Animals -- Transportation, Animal food -- Management, Stress (Physiology) -- Health aspects, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

The management of food animals prior to slaughter influences both profitability and animal well-being. This experiment was conducted as a split-unit design to determine live weight shrink and stress responses in goats due to differences in stocking density during transportation and holding. A total of 150 Spanish does were transported on two different days (replicate) and held overnight (18 h) without feed in low-(LD) or high-density (HD) groups. On each day, 75 does were transported 2.5 h with floor spaces of .18 [m.sup.2] and .37 [m.sup.2]/animal in LD (25 does) and HD (50 does) groups, respectively. The average temperatures in the trailer during transportation were 34.6 and 35 [degrees] C, respectively, on d 1 and 2. All animals were blood-sampled before loading (PRELOAD) and four does from each treatment were sampled immediately after loading (POSTLOAD). Animals were blood-sampled in holding pens either at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 18 h after transportation (time) to assess the time course (n = 8 does per time per replicate) of stress responses. Individual animals were weighed just before loading onto a trailer and after overnight holding to assess shrinkage. Treatment or treatment x time did not have a significant effect on any of the dependent variables studied. There were significant effects of time (P [is less than] .01) on plasma cortisol, glucose, and urea nitrogen (PUN) concentrations. Time also had significant effects (P [is less than] .01) on plasma creatine kinase (CK) activity, differential leukocyte counts (neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils), and ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes (N:L). However, plasma leptin concentrations were not influenced by time. Cortisol concentrations increased at POSTLOAD sampling, peaked at 0 h, and decreased thereafter before spiking again at 18 h of holding. The PUN was higher at 18 h than at other time periods studied. Plasma glucose concentrations increased and remained at higher levels at 0, 1, and 2 h and began decreasing at 3 h, reaching PRELOAD levels at 18 h. Plasma CK kinase activity peaked at approximately 2 h after transportation. The N:L ratio was higher at all time periods after transportation than prior to starting the journey, indicating a prolonged effect of transportation stress on the immune system. The mean ([+ or -] SE) shrinkage losses were 10.2 [+ or -] .68 and 9.8 [+ or -] .68 in HD and LD treatment groups, respectively. The results indicate that the stress responses of goats due to transportation begin decreasing within 3 h after transportation. However, prolonged holding periods without feed may increase stress responses and bring about metabolic changes. Key Words: Cortisol, Creatine Kinase, Goats, Leukocytes, Stress, Transport of Animals

Published
2000

7. Variable impact on mortality of AIDS-defining events diagnosed during combination antiretroviral therapy : not all AIDS-defining conditions are created equal

Author

Antiretroviral Therapy Cohort Collaboration Mocroft A, Sterne JA, Egger M, May M, Grabar S, Furrer H, Sabin C, Fatkenheuer G, Justice A, Reiss P, d'Arminio Monforte A, Gill J, Hogg R, Bonnet F, Kitahata M, Staszewski S, Casabona J, Harris R, Saag M, Chêne G, Costagliola D, Dabis F, D'Arminio Monforte A, de Wolf F, Ledergerber B, Mocroft A, Phillips A, Weller I, Sterne J, Abgrall S, Barin F, Bentata M, Billaud E, Boué F, Burty C, Cabié A, Cotte L, De Truchis P, Duval X, Duvivier C, Enel P, Fredouille Heripret L, Gasnault J, Gaud C, Gilquin J, Katlama C, Khuong MA, Lang JM, Lascaux AS, Launay O, Mahamat A, Mary Krause M, Matheron S, Meynard JL, Pavie J, Pialoux G, Pilorgé F, Poizot Martin I, Pradier C, Reynes J, Rouveix E, Simon A, Tattevin P, Tissot Dupont H, Viard JP, Viget N, Pariente Khayat A, Salomon V, Jacquemet N, Rivet A, Guiguet M, Kousignian I, Lanoy E, Lièvre L, Potard V, Selinger Leneman H, Bouvet E, Crickx B, Ecobichon JL, Leport C, Picard Dahan C, Yeni P, Tisne Dessus D, Weiss L, Salmon D, Sicard D, Auperin I, Roudière L, Fior R, Delfraissy JF, Goujard C, Jung C, Lesprit P, Desplanque N, Meyohas MC, Picard O, Cadranel J, Mayaud C, Bricaire F, Herson S, Clauvel JP, Decazes JM, Gerard L, Molina JM, Diemer M, Sellier P, Berthé H, Dupont C, Chandemerle C, Mortier E, Honoré P, Jeantils V, Tassi S, Mechali D, Taverne B, Gourdon F, Laurichesse H, Fresard A, Lucht F, Eglinger P, Faller JP, Bazin C, Verdon R, Boibieux A, Peyramond D, Livrozet JM, Touraine JL, Trepo C, Ravaux I, Delmont JP, Moreau J, Gastaut JA, Retornaz F, Soubeyrand J, Allegre T, Blanc PA, Galinier A, Ruiz JM, Lepeu G, Granet Brunello P, Esterni JP, Pelissier L, Cohen Valensi R, Nezri M, Chadapaud S, Laffeuillade A, May T, Rabaud C, Raffi F, Arvieux C, Michelet C, Borsa Lebas F, Caron F, Fraisse P, Rey D, Arlet Suau E, Cuzin L, Massip P, Thiercelin Legrand MF, Yasdanpanah Y, Pradinaud R, Sobesky M, Contant M, Montroni M, Scalise G, Braschi MC, Riva A, Tirelli U, Martellotta F, Pastore G, Ladisa N, Suter F, Arici C, Chiodo F, Colangeli V, Fiorini C, Carosi G, Cristini G, Torti C, Minardi C, Bertelli D, Quirino T, Manconi PE, Piano P, Cosco L, Scerbo A, Vecchiet J, D'Alessandro M, Santoro D, Pusterla L, Carnevale G, Lorenzotti S, Viganò P, Mena M, Ghinelli F, Sighinolfi L, Leoncini F, Mazzotta F, Pozzi M, Lo Caputo S, Grisorio B, Ferrara S, Grima P, Grima PF, Pagano G, Cassola G, Alessandrini A, Piscopo R, Toti M, Trezzi M, Soscia F, Tacconi L, Orani A, Perini P, Scasso A, Vincenti A, Chiodera F, Castelli P, Scalzini A, Palvarini L, Moroni M, Lazzarin A, Rizzardini G, Caggese L, Cicconi P, Galli A, Merli S, Pastecchia C, Moioli MC, Esposito R, Mussini C, Abrescia N, Chirianni A, Izzo CM, Piazza M, De Marco M, Viglietti R, Manzillo E, Colomba A, Abbadessa V, Prestileo T, Mancuso S, Ferrari C, Pizzaferri P, Filice G, Minoli L, Bruno R, Novati S, Baldelli F, Camanni G, Petrelli E, Cioppi A, Alberici F, Ruggieri A, Menichetti F, Martinelli C, De Stefano C, La Gala A, Ballardini G, Rizzo E, Magnani G, Ursitti MA, Arlotti M, Ortolani P, Cauda R, Dianzani F, Ippolito G, Antinori A, Antonucci G, Ciardi M, Narciso P, Petrosillo N, Vullo V, De Luca A, Zaccarelli M, Acinapura R, De Longis P, Trotta MP, Noto P, Lichtner M, Capobianchi MR, Carletti F, Girardi E, Pezzotti P, Rezza G, Mura MS, Mannazzu M, Caramello P, Di Perri G, Orofino GC, Sciandra M, Grossi PA, Basilico C, Poggio A, Bottari G, Raise E, Ebo F, Pellizzer G, Buonfrate D, Resta F, Loso K, Cozzi Lepri A, Battegay M, Bernasconi E, Böni J, Bucher H, Bürgisser P, Cattacin S, Cavassini M, Dubs R, Elzi L, Erb P, Fischer M, Flepp M, Fontana A, Francioli P, Gorgievski M, Günthard H, Hirsch H, Hirschel B, Hösli I, Kahlert C, Kaiser L, Karrer U, Kind C, Klimkait T, Martinetti G, Martinez B, Müller N, Nadal D, Opravil M, Paccaud F, Pantaleo G, Rickenbach M, Rudin C, Schmid P, Schultze D, Schüpbach J, Speck R, Taffé P, Tarr P, Telenti A, Trkola A, Vernazza P, Weber R, Yerly S, Gras LA, van Sighem AI, Smit C, Bronsveld W, Hillebrand Haverkort ME, Prins JM, Branger J, Eeftinck Schattenkerk JK, Gisolf J, Godfried MH, Lange JM, Lettinga KD, van der Meer JT, Nellen FJ, van der Poll T, Ruys TA, Steingrover R, Vermeulen JN, Vrouenraets SM, van Vugt M, Wit FW, Kuijpers TW, Pajkrt D, Scherpbier HJ, van Eeden A, Brinkman K, van den Berk GE, Blok WL, Frissen PH, Roos JC, Schouten WE, Mulder JW, van Gorp EC, Wagenaar J, Veenstra J, Danner SA, Van Agtmael MA, Claessen FA, Perenboom RM, Rijkeboer A, van Vonderen MG, Richter C, van der Berg J, Vriesendorp R, Jeurissen FJ, Kauffmann RH, Pogány K, Bravenboer B, ten Napel CH, Kootstra GJ, Sprenger HG, van Assen S, van Leeuwen JT, Doedens R, Scholvinck EH, ten Kate RW, Soetekouw R, van Houte D, Polée MB, Kroon FP, van den Broek PJ, van Dissel JT, Schippers EF, Schreij G, van der Geest S, Lowe S, Verbon A, Koopmans PP, Van Crevel R, de Groot R, Keuter M, Post F, van der Ven AJ, Warris A, van der Ende ME, Gyssens IC, van der Feltz M, Nouwen JL, Rijnders BJ, de Vries TE, Driessen G, van der Flier M, Hartwig NG, Juttman JR, van Kasteren ME, Van de Heul C, Hoepelman IM, Schneider MM, Bonten MJ, Borleffs JC, Ellerbroek PM, Jaspers CA, Mudrikove T, Schurink CA, Gisolf EH, Geelen SP, Wolfs TF, Faber T, Tanis AA, Groeneveld PH, den Hollander JG, Duits AJ, Winkel K, Back NK, Bakker ME, Berkhout B, Jurriaans S, Zaaijer HL, Cuijpers T, Rietra PJ, Roozendaal KJ, Pauw W, van Zanten AP, Smits PH, von Blomberg BM, Savelkoul P, Pettersson A, Swanink CM, Franck PF, Lampe AS, Jansen CL, Hendriks R, Benne CA, Veenendaal D, Storm H, Weel J, van Zeijl JH, Kroes AC, Claas HC, Bruggeman CA, Goossens VJ, Galama JM, Melchers WJ, Poort YA, Doornum GJ, Niesters MG, Osterhaus AD, Schutten M, Buiting AG, Swaans CA, Boucher CA, Schuurman R, Boel E, Jansz AF, Veldkamp A, Beijnen JH, Huitema AD, Burger DM, Hugen PW, van Kan HJ, Losso M, Duran A, Vetter N, Karpov I, Vassilenko A, Mitsura VM, Suetnov O, Clumeck N, De Wit S, Poll B, Colebunders R, Kostov K, Begovac J, Machala L, Rozsypal H, Sedlacek D, Nielsen J, Lundgren J, Benfield T, Kirk O, Gerstoft J, Katzenstein T, Hansen AB, Skinhøj P, Pedersen C, Oestergaard L, Zilmer K, Ristola M, Girard PM, Vanhems P, Rockstroh J, Schmidt R, van Lunzen J, Degen O, Stellbrink HJ, Bogner J, Kosmidis J, Gargalianos P, Xylomenos G, Perdios J, Panos G, Filandras A, Karabatsaki E, Sambattakou H, Banhegyi D, Mulcahy F, Yust I, Turner D, Burke M, Pollack S, Hassoun G, Maayan S, Chiesi A, Mazeu I, Pristera R, Gabbuti A, Montesarchio E, Gargiulo M, Iacomi F, Vlassi C, Finazzi R, Galli M, Ridolfo A, Rozentale B, Aldins P, Chaplinskas S, Hemmer R, Staub T, Bruun J, Maeland A, Ormaasen V, Knysz B, Gasiorowski J, Horban A, Prokopowicz D, Wiercinska Drapalo A, Boron Kaczmarska A, Pynka M, Beniowski M, Mularska E, Trocha H, Antunes F, Valadas E, Mansinho K, Maltez F, Duiculescu D, Rakhmanova A, Vinogradova E, Buzunova S, Jevtovic D, Mokrás M, Staneková D, González Lahoz J, Soriano V, Martin Carbonero L, Labarga P, Clotet B, Jou A, Conejero J, Tural C, Gatell JM, Miró JM, Domingo P, Gutierrez M, Mateo G, Sambeat MA, Karlsson A, Persson PO, Flamholc L, Boffi E, Kravchenko E, Chentsova N, Barton S, Johnson AM, Mercey D, Johnson MA, Murphy M, Weber J, Scullard G, Fisher M, Brettle R, Gatell J, Gazzard B, Friis Møller N, Bannister W, Ellefson M, Borch A, Podlekareva D, Holkmann Olsen C, Kjaer J, Peters L, Reekie J, Raffanti S, Dieterch D, Becker S, Scarsella A, Fusco G, Most B, Balu R, Rana R, Beckerman R, Ising T, Fusco J, Irek R, Johnson B, Hirani A, DeJesus E, Pierone G, Lackey P, Irek C, Johnson A, Burdick J, Leon S, Arch J, Helm EB, Carlebach A, Müller A, Haberl A, Nisius G, Lennemann T, Stephan C, Bickel M, Mösch M, Gute P, Locher L, Lutz T, Klauke S, Knecht G, Khaykin P, Doerr HW, Stürmer M, Babacan E, von Hentig N, Beylot J, Dupon M, Longy Boursier M, Pellegrin JL, Ragnaud JM, Salamon R, Thiébaut R, Lewden C, Lawson Ayayi S, Mercié P, Moreau JF, Morlat P, Bernard N, Lacoste D, Malvy D, Neau D, Blaizeau MJ, Decoin M, Delveaux S, Hannapier C, Labarrère S, Lavignolle Aurillac V, Uwamaliya Nziyumvira B, Palmer G, Touchard D, Balestre E, Alioum A, Jacqmin Gadda H, Bonarek M, Coadou B, Gellie P, Nouts C, Bocquentin F, Dutronc H, Lafarie S, Aslan A, Pistonne T, Thibaut P, Vatan R, Chambon D, De La Taille C, Cazorla C, Ocho A, Viallard JF, Caubet O, Cipriano C, Lazaro E, Couzigou P, Castera L, Fleury H, Lafon ME, Masquelier B, Pellegrin I, Breilh D, Blanco P, Loste P, Caunègre L, Bonnal F, Farbos S, Ferrand M, Ceccaldi J, Tchamgoué S, De Witte S, Buy E, Alexander C, Barrios R, Braitstein P, Brumme Z, Chan K, Cote H, Gataric N, Geller J, Guillemi S, Harrigan PR, Harris M, Joy R, Levy A, Montaner J, Montessori V, Palepu A, Phillips E, Phillips P, Press N, Tyndall M, Wood E, Yip B, Bhagani S, Breen R, Byrne P, Carroll A, Cuthbertson Z, Dunleavy A, Geretti AM, Heelan B, Johnson M, Kinloch de Loes S, Lipman M, Madge S, Marshall N, Nair D, Nebbia G, Prinz B, Shah S, Swader L, Tyrer M, Youle M, Chaloner C, Grabowska H, Holloway J, Puradiredja J, Ransom D, Tsintas R, Bansi L, Fox Z, Harris E, Hill T, Lampe F, Lodwick R, Smith C, Amoah E, Booth C, Clewley G, Garcia Diaz A, Gregory B, Janossy G, Labbett W, Thomas M, Read R, Krentz H, Beckthold B, Schmeisser N, Alquézar A, Esteve A, Podzamczer D, Murillas J, Romero A, Agustí C, Agüero F, Ferrer E, Riera M, Segura F, Navarro G, Force L, Vilaró J, Masabeu A, García I, Guadarrama M, Montoliu A, Ortega N, Lazzari E, Puchol E, Sanchez M, Blanco JL, Garcia Alcaide F, Martinez E, Mallolas J, López Dieguez M, García Goez JF, Sirera G, Romeu J, Negredo E, Miranda C, Capitan MC, Olmo M, Barragan P, Saumoy M, Bolao F, Cabellos C, Peña C, Sala M, Cervantes M, Jose Amengual M, Navarro M, Penelo E, Barrufet P, Raper JL, Mugavero MJ, Willig JH, Schumacher J, Chang PW, Westfall AO, Cloud G, Lin HY, Acosta EP, Colette Kempf M, Allison JJ, Pisu M., NAPPA, SALVATORE, Mocroft, A, Mancuso, S, Antiretroviral Therapy Cohort Collaboration Mocroft, A, Sterne, Ja, Egger, M, May, M, Grabar, S, Furrer, H, Sabin, C, Fatkenheuer, G, Justice, A, Reiss, P, d'Arminio Monforte, A, Gill, J, Hogg, R, Bonnet, F, Kitahata, M, Staszewski, S, Casabona, J, Harris, R, Saag, M, Chêne, G, Costagliola, D, Dabis, F, D'Arminio Monforte, A, de Wolf, F, Ledergerber, B, Phillips, A, Weller, I, Sterne, J, Abgrall, S, Barin, F, Bentata, M, Billaud, E, Boué, F, Burty, C, Cabié, A, Cotte, L, De Truchis, P, Duval, X, Duvivier, C, Enel, P, Fredouille Heripret, L, Gasnault, J, Gaud, C, Gilquin, J, Katlama, C, Khuong, Ma, Lang, Jm, Lascaux, A, Launay, O, Mahamat, A, Mary Krause, M, Matheron, S, Meynard, Jl, Pavie, J, Pialoux, G, Pilorgé, F, Poizot Martin, I, Pradier, C, Reynes, J, Rouveix, E, Simon, A, Tattevin, P, Tissot Dupont, H, Viard, Jp, Viget, N, Pariente Khayat, A, Salomon, V, Jacquemet, N, Rivet, A, Guiguet, M, Kousignian, I, Lanoy, E, Lièvre, L, Potard, V, Selinger Leneman, H, Bouvet, E, Crickx, B, Ecobichon, Jl, Leport, C, Picard Dahan, C, Yeni, P, Tisne Dessus, D, Weiss, L, Salmon, D, Sicard, D, Auperin, I, Roudière, L, Fior, R, Delfraissy, Jf, Goujard, C, Jung, C, Lesprit, P, Desplanque, N, Meyohas, Mc, Picard, O, Cadranel, J, Mayaud, C, Bricaire, F, Herson, S, Clauvel, Jp, Decazes, Jm, Gerard, L, Molina, Jm, Diemer, M, Sellier, P, Berthé, H, Dupont, C, Chandemerle, C, Mortier, E, Honoré, P, Jeantils, V, Tassi, S, Mechali, D, Taverne, B, Gourdon, F, Laurichesse, H, Fresard, A, Lucht, F, Eglinger, P, Faller, Jp, Bazin, C, Verdon, R, Boibieux, A, Peyramond, D, Livrozet, Jm, Touraine, Jl, Trepo, C, Ravaux, I, Delmont, Jp, Moreau, J, Gastaut, Ja, Retornaz, F, Soubeyrand, J, Allegre, T, Blanc, Pa, Galinier, A, Ruiz, Jm, Lepeu, G, Granet Brunello, P, Esterni, Jp, Pelissier, L, Cohen Valensi, R, Nezri, M, Chadapaud, S, Laffeuillade, A, May, T, Rabaud, C, Raffi, F, Arvieux, C, Michelet, C, Borsa Lebas, F, Caron, F, Fraisse, P, Rey, D, Arlet Suau, E, Cuzin, L, Massip, P, Thiercelin Legrand, Mf, Yasdanpanah, Y, Pradinaud, R, Sobesky, M, Contant, M, Montroni, M, Scalise, G, Braschi, Mc, Riva, A, Tirelli, U, Martellotta, F, Pastore, G, Ladisa, N, Suter, F, Arici, C, Chiodo, F, Colangeli, V, Fiorini, C, Carosi, G, Cristini, G, Torti, C, Minardi, C, Bertelli, D, Quirino, T, Manconi, Pe, Piano, P, Cosco, L, Scerbo, A, Vecchiet, J, D'Alessandro, M, Santoro, D, Pusterla, L, Carnevale, G, Lorenzotti, S, Viganò, P, Mena, M, Ghinelli, F, Sighinolfi, L, Leoncini, F, Mazzotta, F, Pozzi, M, Lo Caputo, S, Grisorio, B, Ferrara, S, Grima, P, Grima, Pf, Pagano, G, Cassola, G, Alessandrini, A, Piscopo, R, Toti, M, Trezzi, M, Soscia, F, Tacconi, L, Orani, A, Perini, P, Scasso, A, Vincenti, A, Chiodera, F, Castelli, P, Scalzini, A, Palvarini, L, Moroni, M, Lazzarin, A, Rizzardini, G, Caggese, L, Cicconi, P, Galli, A, Merli, S, Pastecchia, C, Moioli, Mc, Esposito, R, Mussini, C, Abrescia, N, Chirianni, A, Izzo, Cm, Piazza, M, De Marco, M, Viglietti, R, Manzillo, E, Nappa, Salvatore, Colomba, A, Abbadessa, V, Prestileo, T, Ferrari, C, Pizzaferri, P, Filice, G, Minoli, L, Bruno, R, Novati, S, Baldelli, F, Camanni, G, Petrelli, E, Cioppi, A, Alberici, F, Ruggieri, A, Menichetti, F, Martinelli, C, De Stefano, C, La Gala, A, Ballardini, G, Rizzo, E, Magnani, G, Ursitti, Ma, Arlotti, M, Ortolani, P, Cauda, R, Dianzani, F, Ippolito, G, Antinori, A, Antonucci, G, Ciardi, M, Narciso, P, Petrosillo, N, Vullo, V, De Luca, A, Zaccarelli, M, Acinapura, R, De Longis, P, Trotta, Mp, Noto, P, Lichtner, M, Capobianchi, Mr, Carletti, F, Girardi, E, Pezzotti, P, Rezza, G, Mura, M, Mannazzu, M, Caramello, P, Di Perri, G, Orofino, Gc, Sciandra, M, Grossi, Pa, Basilico, C, Poggio, A, Bottari, G, Raise, E, Ebo, F, Pellizzer, G, Buonfrate, D, Resta, F, Loso, K, Cozzi Lepri, A, Battegay, M, Bernasconi, E, Böni, J, Bucher, H, Bürgisser, P, Cattacin, S, Cavassini, M, Dubs, R, Elzi, L, Erb, P, Fischer, M, Flepp, M, Fontana, A, Francioli, P, Gorgievski, M, Günthard, H, Hirsch, H, Hirschel, B, Hösli, I, Kahlert, C, Kaiser, L, Karrer, U, Kind, C, Klimkait, T, Martinetti, G, Martinez, B, Müller, N, Nadal, D, Opravil, M, Paccaud, F, Pantaleo, G, Rickenbach, M, Rudin, C, Schmid, P, Schultze, D, Schüpbach, J, Speck, R, Taffé, P, Tarr, P, Telenti, A, Trkola, A, Vernazza, P, Weber, R, Yerly, S, Gras, La, van Sighem, Ai, Smit, C, Bronsveld, W, Hillebrand Haverkort, Me, Prins, Jm, Branger, J, Eeftinck Schattenkerk, Jk, Gisolf, J, Godfried, Mh, Lange, Jm, Lettinga, Kd, van der Meer, Jt, Nellen, Fj, van der Poll, T, Ruys, Ta, Steingrover, R, Vermeulen, Jn, Vrouenraets, Sm, van Vugt, M, Wit, Fw, Kuijpers, Tw, Pajkrt, D, Scherpbier, Hj, van Eeden, A, Brinkman, K, van den Berk, Ge, Blok, Wl, Frissen, Ph, Roos, Jc, Schouten, We, Mulder, Jw, van Gorp, Ec, Wagenaar, J, Veenstra, J, Danner, Sa, Van Agtmael, Ma, Claessen, Fa, Perenboom, Rm, Rijkeboer, A, van Vonderen, Mg, Richter, C, van der Berg, J, Vriesendorp, R, Jeurissen, Fj, Kauffmann, Rh, Pogány, K, Bravenboer, B, ten Napel, Ch, Kootstra, Gj, Sprenger, Hg, van Assen, S, van Leeuwen, Jt, Doedens, R, Scholvinck, Eh, ten Kate, Rw, Soetekouw, R, van Houte, D, Polée, Mb, Kroon, Fp, van den Broek, Pj, van Dissel, Jt, Schippers, Ef, Schreij, G, van der Geest, S, Lowe, S, Verbon, A, Koopmans, Pp, Van Crevel, R, de Groot, R, Keuter, M, Post, F, van der Ven, Aj, Warris, A, van der Ende, Me, Gyssens, Ic, van der Feltz, M, Nouwen, Jl, Rijnders, Bj, de Vries, Te, Driessen, G, van der Flier, M, Hartwig, Ng, Juttman, Jr, van Kasteren, Me, Van de Heul, C, Hoepelman, Im, Schneider, Mm, Bonten, Mj, Borleffs, Jc, Ellerbroek, Pm, Jaspers, Ca, Mudrikove, T, Schurink, Ca, Gisolf, Eh, Geelen, Sp, Wolfs, Tf, Faber, T, Tanis, Aa, Groeneveld, Ph, den Hollander, Jg, Duits, Aj, Winkel, K, Back, Nk, Bakker, Me, Berkhout, B, Jurriaans, S, Zaaijer, Hl, Cuijpers, T, Rietra, Pj, Roozendaal, Kj, Pauw, W, van Zanten, Ap, Smits, Ph, von Blomberg, Bm, Savelkoul, P, Pettersson, A, Swanink, Cm, Franck, Pf, Lampe, A, Jansen, Cl, Hendriks, R, Benne, Ca, Veenendaal, D, Storm, H, Weel, J, 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Montesarchio, E, Gargiulo, M, Iacomi, F, Vlassi, C, Finazzi, R, Galli, M, Ridolfo, A, Rozentale, B, Aldins, P, Chaplinskas, S, Hemmer, R, Staub, T, Bruun, J, Maeland, A, Ormaasen, V, Knysz, B, Gasiorowski, J, Horban, A, Prokopowicz, D, Wiercinska Drapalo, A, Boron Kaczmarska, A, Pynka, M, Beniowski, M, Mularska, E, Trocha, H, Antunes, F, Valadas, E, Mansinho, K, Maltez, F, Duiculescu, D, Rakhmanova, A, Vinogradova, E, Buzunova, S, Jevtovic, D, Mokrás, M, Staneková, D, González Lahoz, J, Soriano, V, Martin Carbonero, L, Labarga, P, Clotet, B, Jou, A, Conejero, J, Tural, C, Gatell, Jm, Miró, Jm, Domingo, P, Gutierrez, M, Mateo, G, Sambeat, Ma, Karlsson, A, Persson, Po, Flamholc, L, Boffi, E, Kravchenko, E, Chentsova, N, Barton, S, Johnson, Am, Mercey, D, Johnson, Ma, Murphy, M, Weber, J, Scullard, G, Fisher, M, Brettle, R, Gatell, J, Gazzard, B, Friis Møller, N, Bannister, W, Ellefson, M, Borch, A, Podlekareva, D, Holkmann Olsen, C, Kjaer, J, Peters, L, Reekie, J, Raffanti, S, Dieterch, D, Becker, S, Scarsella, A, Fusco, G, Most, B, Balu, R, Rana, R, Beckerman, R, Ising, T, Fusco, J, Irek, R, Johnson, B, Hirani, A, Dejesus, E, Pierone, G, Lackey, P, Irek, C, Johnson, A, Burdick, J, Leon, S, Arch, J, Helm, Eb, Carlebach, A, Müller, A, Haberl, A, Nisius, G, Lennemann, T, Stephan, C, Bickel, M, Mösch, M, Gute, P, Locher, L, Lutz, T, Klauke, S, Knecht, G, Khaykin, P, Doerr, Hw, Stürmer, M, Babacan, E, von Hentig, N, Beylot, J, Dupon, M, Longy Boursier, M, Pellegrin, Jl, Ragnaud, Jm, Salamon, R, Thiébaut, R, Lewden, C, Lawson Ayayi, S, Mercié, P, Moreau, Jf, Morlat, P, Bernard, N, Lacoste, D, Malvy, D, Neau, D, Blaizeau, Mj, Decoin, M, Delveaux, S, Hannapier, C, Labarrère, S, Lavignolle Aurillac, V, Uwamaliya Nziyumvira, B, Palmer, G, Touchard, D, Balestre, E, Alioum, A, Jacqmin Gadda, H, Bonarek, M, Coadou, B, Gellie, P, Nouts, C, Bocquentin, F, Dutronc, H, Lafarie, S, Aslan, A, Pistonne, T, Thibaut, P, Vatan, R, Chambon, D, De La Taille, C, Cazorla, C, Ocho, A, Viallard, Jf, Caubet, O, Cipriano, C, Lazaro, E, Couzigou, P, Castera, L, Fleury, H, Lafon, Me, Masquelier, B, Pellegrin, I, Breilh, D, Blanco, P, Loste, P, Caunègre, L, Bonnal, F, Farbos, S, Ferrand, M, Ceccaldi, J, Tchamgoué, S, De Witte, S, Buy, E, Alexander, C, Barrios, R, Braitstein, P, Brumme, Z, Chan, K, Cote, H, Gataric, N, Geller, J, Guillemi, S, Harrigan, Pr, Harris, M, Joy, R, Levy, A, Montaner, J, Montessori, V, Palepu, A, Phillips, E, Phillips, P, Press, N, Tyndall, M, Wood, E, Yip, B, Bhagani, S, Breen, R, Byrne, P, Carroll, A, Cuthbertson, Z, Dunleavy, A, Geretti, Am, Heelan, B, Johnson, M, Kinloch de Loes, S, Lipman, M, Madge, S, Marshall, N, Nair, D, Nebbia, G, Prinz, B, Shah, S, Swader, L, Tyrer, M, Youle, M, Chaloner, C, Grabowska, H, Holloway, J, Puradiredja, J, Ransom, D, Tsintas, R, Bansi, L, Fox, Z, Harris, E, Hill, T, Lampe, F, Lodwick, R, Smith, C, Amoah, E, Booth, C, Clewley, G, Garcia Diaz, A, Gregory, B, Janossy, G, Labbett, W, Thomas, M, Read, R, Krentz, H, Beckthold, B, Schmeisser, N, Alquézar, A, Esteve, A, Podzamczer, D, Murillas, J, Romero, A, Agustí, C, Agüero, F, Ferrer, E, Riera, M, Segura, F, Navarro, G, Force, L, Vilaró, J, Masabeu, A, García, I, Guadarrama, M, Montoliu, A, Ortega, N, Lazzari, E, Puchol, E, Sanchez, M, Blanco, Jl, Garcia Alcaide, F, Martinez, E, Mallolas, J, López Dieguez, M, García Goez, Jf, Sirera, G, Romeu, J, Negredo, E, Miranda, C, Capitan, Mc, Olmo, M, Barragan, P, Saumoy, M, Bolao, F, Cabellos, C, Peña, C, Sala, M, Cervantes, M, Jose Amengual, M, Navarro, M, Penelo, E, Barrufet, P, Raper, Jl, Mugavero, Mj, Willig, Jh, Schumacher, J, Chang, Pw, Westfall, Ao, Cloud, G, Lin, Hy, Acosta, Ep, Colette Kempf, M, Allison, Jj, Pisu, M., Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam Public Health, Infectious diseases, Other departments, General Internal Medicine, Graduate School, Global Health, Paediatric Infectious Diseases / Rheumatology / Immunology, and Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention

Subjects
Male, Infectious diseases and international health [NCEBP 13], Lymphoma, 030312 virology, Esophageal candidiasis, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Interquartile range, 030212 general & internal medicine, AIDS-Related, Lymphoma, AIDS-Related, 0303 health sciences, Mortality rate, Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, Hazard ratio, Prognosis, 3. Good health, Pathogenesis and modulation of inflammation [N4i 1], Infectious Diseases, Combination, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Infection and autoimmunity [NCMLS 1], Human, Microbiology (medical), Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Prognosi, Anti-HIV Agents, antiretroviral therapy, Infectious Disease, Article, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infection, 03 medical and health sciences, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Drug Therapy, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, AIDS-defining event, Proportional Hazards Models, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis/ mortality, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications/diagnosis/drug, therapy/ mortality, Anti-HIV Agents/ therapeutic use, AIDS-Related/diagnosis/mortality, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, Poverty-related infectious diseases [N4i 3], Anti-HIV Agent, medicine.disease, mortality, Confidence interval, Immunology, Proportional Hazards Model, Cohort Studie, business
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 80963.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) BACKGROUND: The extent to which mortality differs following individual acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining events (ADEs) has not been assessed among patients initiating combination antiretroviral therapy. METHODS: We analyzed data from 31,620 patients with no prior ADEs who started combination antiretroviral therapy. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate mortality hazard ratios for each ADE that occurred in >50 patients, after stratification by cohort and adjustment for sex, HIV transmission group, number of antiretroviral drugs initiated, regimen, age, date of starting combination antiretroviral therapy, and CD4+ cell count and HIV RNA load at initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy. ADEs that occurred in

Published
2009

9. Does short-term virologic failure translate to clinical events in antiretroviral-naïve patients initiating antiretroviral therapy in clinical practice?

Author

Antiretroviral Therapy Cohort Collaboration, Mugavero, Mj, May, M, Harris, R, Saag, Ms, Costagliola, D, Egger, M, Phillips, A, Günthard, Hf, Dabis, F, Hogg, R, de Wolf, F, Fatkenheuer, G, Gill, Mj, Justice, A, D'Arminio Monforte, A, Lampe, F, Miró, Jm, Staszewski, S, Collaborators: Casabona J, Sterne J. A., Geneviè, C, del Amo, J, Fätkenheuer, G, Gill, J, Guest, J, Kitahata, M, Ledergerber, B, Mocroft, A, Reiss, P, Saag, M, Sterne, J, Sterne, Ja, Abgrall, S, Barin, F, Bentata, M, Billaud, E, Boué, F, Burty, C, Cabié, A, Cotte, L, De Truchis, P, Duval, X, Duvivier, C, Enel, P, Fredouille Heripret, L, Gasnault, J, Gaud, C, Gilquin, J, Grabar, S, Katlama, C, Khuong, Ma, Lang, Jm, Lascaux, As, Launay, O, Mahamat, A, Mary Krause, M, Matheron, S, Meynard, Jl, Pavie, J, Pialoux, G, Pilorgé, F, Poizot Martin, I, Pradier, C, Reynes, J, Rouveix, E, Simon, A, Tattevin, P, Tissot Dupon, H, Viard, Jp, Viget, N, Pariente Khayat, A, Salomon, V, Jacquemet, N, Rivet, A, Abgral, S, Guiguet, M, Kousignian, I, Lanoy, E, Lièvre, L, Potard, V, Selinger Leneman, H, Bouvet, E, Crickx, B, Ecobichon, Jl, Leport, C, Picard Dahan, C, Yeni, P, Tisne Dessus, D, Weiss, L, Salmon, D, Sicard, D, Auperin, I, Roudière, L, Fior, R, Delfraissy, Jf, Goujard, C, Jung, C, Lesprit, P, Desplanque, N, Meyohas, Mc, Picard, O, Cadranel, J, Mayaud, C, Bricaire, F, Herson, S, Clauvel, Jp, Decazes, Jm, Gerard, L, Molina, Jm, Diemer, M, Sellier, P, Berthé, H, Dupont, C, Chandemerle, C, Mortier, E, de Truchis, P, Honoré, P, Jeantils, V, Tassi, S, Mechali, D, Taverne, B, Gourdon, F, Laurichesse, H, Fresard, A, Lucht, F, Eglinger, P, Faller, Jp, Bazin, C, Verdon, R, Boibieux, A, Peyramond, D, Livroze, Jm, Touraine, Jl, Trepo, C, Ravaux, I, Tissot Dupont, H, Delmont, Jp, Moreau, J, Gastaut, Ja, Retornaz, F, Soubeyrand, J, Allegre, T, Blanc, Pa, Galinier, A, Ruiz, Jm, Lepeu, G, Granet Brunello, P, Esterni, Jp, Pelissier, L, Cohen Valensi, R, Nezri, M, Chadapaud, S, Laffeuillade, A, Laffeuillade, J, May, T, Rabaud, C, Raffi, F, Pugliese, P, Arvieux, C, Michelet, C, Borsa Lebas, F, Caron, F, Fraisse, P, Rey, D, Arlet Suau, E, Cuzin, L, Massip, P, Thiercelin Legrand MF, Yasdanpanah, Y, Pradinaud, R, Sobesky, M, Contant, M, Montroni, M, Scalise, G, Braschi, Mc, Riva, A, Tirelli, U, Cinelli, R, Pastore, G, Ladisa, N, Suter, F, Arici, C, Chiodo, F, Colangeli, V, Fiorini, C, Carosi, Giampiero, Cristini, G, Torti, Carlo, Minardi, C, Bertelli, D, Quirino, T, Manconi, Pe, Piano, P, Cosco, L, Scerbo, A, Vecchiet, J, D'Alessandro, M, Santoro, D, Pusterla, L, Carnevale, G, Zoncada, A, Viganò, P, Mena, M, Ghinelli, F, Sighinolfi, L, Leoncini, F, Mazzotta, F, Pozzi, M, Lo Caputo, S, Angarano, G, Grisorio, B, Saracino, A, Ferrara, S, Grima, P, Grima, F, Pagano, G, Cassola, G, Alessandrini, A, Piscopo, R, Toti, M, Trezzi, M, Soscia, F, Tacconi, L, Orani, A, Perini, P, Scasso, A, Vincenti, A, Chiodera, F, Castelli, P, Scalzini, A, Palvarini, L, Moroni, M, Lazzarin, A, Rizzardini, G, d'Arminio Monforte, A, Galli, A, Merli, S, Pastecchia, C, Moioli, Mc, Esposito, R, Mussini, C, Abresci, N, Chirianni, A, Izzo, Cm, Piazza, M, De Marco, M, Viglietti, R, Manzillo, E, Nappa, S, Colomba, A, Abbadessa, V, Prestileo, T, Mancuso, S, Ferrari, C, Pizzaferri, P, Filice, G, Minoli, L, Bruno, R, Novati, S, Baldelli, F, Tinca, M, Petrelli, E, Cioppi, A, Cioppi, F, Ruggieri, A, Menichetti, F, Martinelli, C, De Stefano, C, La Gala, A, Ballardini, G, Rizzo, E, Magnani, G, Ursitti, Ma, Arlotti, M, Ortolani, P, Cauda, R, Dianzani, F, Ippolito, G, Antinori, A, Antonucci, G, Ciardi, M, Narciso, P, Petrosillo, N, Vullo, V, De Luca, A, Zaccarelli, M, Acinapura, R, De Longis, P, Brandi, A, Trotta, Mp, Noto, P, Lichtne, M, Capobianch, Mr, Carletti, F, Girardi, E, Pezzotti, P, Rezza, G, Mura, Ms, Mannazzu, M, Caramello, P, Di Perri, G, Sciandra, M, Orofino, Gc, Grossi, Pa, Basilico, C, Poggio, A, Bottari, G, Raise, E, Ebo, F, Pellizzer, G, Buonfrate, D, Resta, F, Loso, K, Cozzi Lepri, A, Battegay, M, Bernasconi, E, Böni, J, Bucher, Hc, Bürgisser, P, Calmy, A, Cattacin, S, Cavassini, M, Dubs, R, Elzi, L, Fischer, M, Flepp, M, Fontana, A, Francioli, P, Furrer, H, Fux, C, Gorgievski, M, Günthard, H, Hirsch, H, Hirschel, B, Hösli, I, Kahlert, Ch, Kaiser, L, Karrer, U, Kind, C, Klimkait, T, Martinetti, G, Martinez, B, Martinez, N, Nadal, D, Opravil, M, Paccaud, F, Pantaleo, G, Rauch, A, Regenass, S, Rickenbach, M, Rudin, C, Schmid, P, Schultze, D, Schüpbach, J, Speck, R, Taffé, P, Telenti, A, Trkola, A, Vernazza, P, Weber, R, Yerly, S, Gras, La, van Sighem AI, Smit, C, Prins, Jm, Branger, J, Eeftinck Schattenkerk JK, Gisolf, J, Godfried, Mh, Lange, Jm, Lettinga, Kd, van der Meer JT, Nellen, Fj, van der Poll, T, Ruys, Ta, Steingrover, R, Vermeulen, Jn, Vrouenraets, Sm, van Vugt, M, Wit, Fw, Kuijpers, Tw, Pajkrt, D, Scherpbier, Hj, van Eeden, A, Brinkman, K, van den Berk GE, Blok, Wl, Frissen, Ph, Roos, Jc, Schouten, We, Mulder, Jw, van Gorp EC, Wagenaar, J, Veenstra, J, Danner, Sa, Van Agtmael MA, Claessen, Fa, Perenboom, Rm, Rijkeboer, A, van Vonderen MG, Richter, C, van der Berg, J, Vriesendorp, R, Jeurissen, Fj, Kauffmann, Rh, Pogány, K, Bravenboer, B, Sprenger, Hg, van Assen, S, van Leeuwen JT, Doedens, R, Scholvinck, Eh, ten Kate RW, Soetekouw, R, van Houte, D, Polée, Mb, Kroon, Fp, van den Broek PJ, van Dissel JT, Schippers, Ef, Schreij, G, van der Geest, S, Lowe, S, Verbon, A, Koopmans, Pp, Van Crevel, R, de Groot, R, Keuter, M, Post, F, van der Ven AJ, Warris, A, van der Ende ME, Gyssens, Ic, van der Feltz, M, Nouwen, Jl, Rijnders, Bj, de Vries TE, Driessen, G, van der Flier, M, Hartwig, Ng, Juttman, Jr, van Kasteren ME, Van de Heul, C, Hoepelman, Im, Schneider, Mm, Bonten, Mj, Borleffs, Jc, Ellerbroek, Pm, Jaspers, Ca, Mudrikove, T, Schurink, Ca, Gisolf, Eh, Geelen, Sp, Wolfs, Tf, Faber, T, Tanis, Aa, Groeneveld, Ph, den Hollander JG, Duits, Aj, Winkel, K, Back, Nk, Bakker, Me, Berkhout, B, Jurriaans, S, Zaaijer, Hl, Cuijpers, T, Rietra, Pj, Roozendaal, Kj, Pauw, W, van Zanten AP, Smits, Ph, von Blomberg BM, Savelkoul, P, Pettersson, A, Swanink, Cm, Franck, Pf, Lampe, As, Jansen, Cl, Hendriks, R, Benne, Ca, Veenendaal, D, Storm, H, Weel, J, van Zeijl JH, Kroes, Ac, Claas, Hc, Bruggeman, Ca, Goossens, Vj, Galama, Jm, Melchers, Wj, Poort, Ya, Doornum, Gj, Niesters, Mg, Osterhaus, Ad, Schutten, M, Buiting, Ag, Swaans, Ca, Boucher, Ca, Schuurman, R, Boel, E, Jansz, Af, Veldkamp, A, Beijnen, Jh, Huitema, Ad, Burger, Dm, Hugen, Pw, van Kan HJ, Losso, M, Duran, A, Vetter, N, Karpov, I, Vassilenko, A, Clumeck, N, De Wit, S, Poll, B, Colebunders, R, Machala, L, Rozsypal, H, Sedlacek, D, Nielsen, J, Lundgren, J, Benfield, T, Kirk, O, Gerstoft, J, Katzenstein, T, Hansen, Ab, Skinhøj, P, Pedersen, C, Zilmer, K, Girard, Pm, Saint Marc, T, Vanhems, P, Dietrich, M, Manegold, C, van Lunzen, J, Stellbrink, Hj, Staszewsk, S, Bickel, M, Goebel, Fd, Rockstroh, J, Schmidt, R, Kosmidis, J, Gargalianos, P, Sambatakou, H, Perdios, J, Panos, G, Filandras, A, Karabatsaki, E, Banhegyi, D, Mulcahy, F, Yust, I, Turner, D, Burke, M, Pollack, S, Hassoun, G, Sthoeger, Z, Maayan, S, Chiesi, A, Borghi, R, Pristera, R, Mazzott, F, Gabbuti, A, Vullo, Lichtner, M, Montesarchio, E, Iacomi, F, Finazzi, R, Viksna, L, Chaplinskas, S, Hemmer, R, Staub, T, Bruun, J, Maeland, A, Ormaasen, V, Knysz, B, Gasiorowski, J, Horban, A, Prokopowicz, D, Wiercinska Drapalo, A, Boron Kaczmarska, A, Pynka, M, Beniowski, M, Mularska, E, Trocha, H, Antunes, F, Valadas, E, Mansinho, K, Matez, F, Duiculescu, D, Babes, V, Streinu Cercel, A, Vinogradova, E, Rakhmanova, A, Jevtovic, D, Mokrás, M, Staneková, D, González Lahoz, J, Sánchez Conde, M, García Benayas, T, Martin Carbonero, L, Soriano, V, Clotet, B, Jou, A, Conejero, J, Tural, C, Gatell, Jm, Blaxhult, A, Karlsson, A, Pehrson, P, Soravia Dunand, V, Kravchenko, E, Chentsova, N, Barton, S, Johnson, Am, Mercey, D, Johnson, Ma, Murphy, M, Weber, J, Scullard, G, Fisher, M, Brettle, R, Loveday, C, Gatell, J, Johnson, A, Vella, S, Gjørup, I, Friis Moeller, N, Bannister, W, Mollerup, D, Podlevkareva, D, Holkmann Olsen, C, Kjaer, J, Raffanti, S, Dieterch, D, Becker, S, Scarsella, A, Fusco, G, Most, B, Balu, R, Rana, R, Beckerman, R, Ising, T, Fusco, J, Irek, R, Johnson, B, Hirani, A, Dejesus, E, Pierone, G, Lackey, P, Irek, C, Burdick, J, Leon, S, Arch, J, Helm, Eb, Carlebach, A, Müller, A, Haberl, A, Nisius, G, Lennemann, T, Stephan, C, Mösch, M, Gute, P, Locher, L, Lutz, T, Klauke, S, Knecht, G, Khaykin, P, Doerr, Hw, Stürmer, M, Babacan, E, von Hentig, N, Beylot, J, Chêne, G, Dupon, M, Longy Boursier, M, Pellegrin, Jl, Ragnaud, Jm, Salamon, R, Thiébaut, R, Lewden, C, Lawson Ayayi, S, Mercié, P, Moreau, Jf, Morlat, P, Bernard, N, Lacoste, D, Malvy, D, Neau, D, Blaizeau, Mj, Decoin, M, Delveaux, S, Hannapier, C, Labarrère, S, Lavignolle Aurillac, V, Uwamaliya Nziyumvira, B, Palmer, G, Touchard, D, Balestre, E, Alioum, A, Jacqmin Gadda, H, Bonarek, M, Bonnet, F, Coadou, B, Gellie, P, Nouts, C, Bocquentin, F, Dutronc, H, Lafarie, S, Aslan, A, Pistonne, T, Thibaut, P, Vatan, R, Chambon, D, De La Taille, C, Cazorla, C, Ocho, A, Viallard, Jf, Caubet, O, Cipriano, C, Lazaro, E, Couzigou, P, Castera, L, Fleury, H, Lafon, Me, Masquelier, B, Pellegrin, I, Breilh, D, Blanco, P, Loste, P, Caunègre, L, Bonna, F, Farbos, S, Ferrand, M, Ceccaldi, J, Tchamgoué, S, De Witte, S, Buy, E, Akagi, L, Brandson, E, Druyts, E, Gataric, Kf, Harrigan, Pr, Harris, M, Hayden, A, Lima, V, Montaner, J, Moore, D, Wood, E, Yip, B, Zhang, W, Bhagani, S, Byrne, P, Carroll, A, Cuthbertson, Z, Dunleavy, A, Geretti, Am, Heelan, B, Johnson, M, Kinloch de Loes, S, Lipman, M, Madge, S, Marshall, N, Nair, D, Nebbia, G, Prinz, B, Swaden, L, Tyrer, M, Youle, M, Chaloner, C, Grabowska, H, Holloway, J, Puradiredja, J, Ransom, D, Tsintas, R, Bansi, L, Fox, Z, Harris, E, Hill, T, Lodwick, R, Reekie, J, Sabin, C, Smith, C, Amoah, E, Booth, C, Clewley, G, Garcia Diaz, A, Gregory, B, Labbett, W, Tahami, F, Thomas, M, Read, R, Krentz, H, Beckthold, B, Faetkenheuer, G, Casabona, J, Miró, Jl, Alquézar, A, Esteve, A, Podzamczer, D, Murillas, J, Romero, A, Agustí, C, Agüero, F, Ferrer, E, Riera, M, Segura, F, Segura, G, Force, L, Vilaró, J, Masabeu, A, García, I, Guadarrama, M, Montoliu, A, Ortega, N, Lazzari, E, Puchol, E, Sanchez, M, Blanco, Jl, Garcia Alcaide, F, Martinez, E, Mallolas, J, López Dieguez, M, García Goez JF, Sirera, G, Romeu, J, Negredo, E, Miranda, C, Capitan, Mc, Olmo, M, Barragan, P, Saumoy, M, Bolaof, F, Cabellos, C, Peña, C, Sala, M, Cervantes, M, Amengual, Mj, Navarro, M, Penelo, E, Barrufet, P, Willig, Jh, Raper, Jl, Allison, Jj, Kempf, Mc, Schumacher, Je, Wes, Ao, Lin, Hy, Pisu, M, Moneyham, L, Vance, D, Bachmann, L, Davies, Sl, Berner, E, Acosta, E, King, J, Savage, K, Nevin, C, Walton, Fb, Marler, Ml, Lawrence, S, Files Kennedy, B, Batey, Ds, Patil, Ma, Patil, U, Varshney, M, Gibson, E, Guzman, A, Rinehart, D, Justice, Ac, Fiellin, Da, Bryant, K, Rimland, D, Jones Taylor, C, Oursler, Ka, Titanji, R, Brown, S, Garrison, S, Rodriguez Barradas, M, Masozera, N, Goetz, M, Leaf, D, Simberkoff, M, Blumenthal, D, Leung, J, Butt, A, Hoffman, E, Gibert, C, Peck, R, Mattocks, K, Braithwaite, S, Brandt, C, Cook, R, Conigliaro, J, Crothers, K, Chang, J, Crystal, S, Day, N, Erdos, J, Freiberg, M, Kozal, M, Gaziano, M, Gerschenson, M, Good, B, Gordon, A, Goulet, J, Kraemer, K, Lim, J, Maisto, S, Miller, P, O'Connor, P, Papas, R, Rinaldo, C, Roberts, M, Samet, J, Cohen, D, Consorte, A, Gordon, K, Kidwai, F, Levin, F, Mcginnis, K, Rambo, M, Rogers, J, Skanderson, M, and Whitsett, F.

Published
2008

10. Importance of baseline prognostic factors with increasing time since initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy: collaborative analysis of cohorts of HIV-1-infected patients

Author

Sterne, Jonathan A. C., May, Margaret, Sabin, Caroline, Phillips, Andrew, Costagliola, Dominique, Chêne, Geneviève, Justice, Amy C., De Wolf, Frank, Hogg, Robert, Battegay, Manuel, Monforte, Antonella D'Arminio, Gerdtkenheuer, Fa, Staszewski, Schlomo, Gill, John, Egger, Matthias, Casabona, Jordi, Dabis, Francxois, Kitahata, Mari, Leport, Catherine, Lundgren, Jens, Reiss, Peter, Saag, Michael, Weller, Ian, Beckthold, Brenda, Yip, Benita, Dauer, Brenda, Fusco, Jenifer, Lanoy, Emilie, Rickenbach, Martin, Lavignolle, Valerie, Van Sighem, Ard, Pereira, Edwige, Pezzotti, Patrizio, Schmeisser, Norbert, Billaud, E., Boué, F., Costagliola, D., Duval, X., Duvivier, C., Enel, P., Fournier, S., Gasnault, J., Gaud, C., Gilquin, J., Grabar, S., Khuong, M. A., Lang, J. M., Mary Krause, M., Matheron, S., Meyohas, M. C., Pialoux, G., Poizot Martin, I., Pradier, C., Rouveix, E., Salmon Ceron, D., Sobel, A., Tattevin, P., Tissot Dupont, H., Yasdanpanah, Y., Aronica, E, Tirard Fleury, V., Tortay, I., Abgrall, S., Guiguet, M., Lanoy, E., Leneman, H., Lièvre, L., Potard, V., Saidi, S., Vildé, J. L., Leport, C., Yeni, P., Bouvet, E., Gaudebout, C., Crickx, B., Picard Dahan, C., Weiss, L., Tisne Dessus, D., Sicard, D., Salmon, D., Auperin, I., Viard, J. P., Roudière, L., Fior, R., Delfraissy, J. F., Goujard, C., Lesprit, P. h., Jung, C., Meynard, J. L., Picard, O., Desplanque, N., Cadranel, J., Mayaud, C., Rozenbaum, W., Bricaire, F., Katlama, C., Herson, S., Simon, A., Decazes, J. M., Molina, J. M., Clauvel, J. P., Gerard, L., Sellier, P., Diemer, M., Dupont, C., Berthé, H., Saïag, P., Mortier, E., Chandemerle, C., De Truchis, P., Bentata, M., Honoré, P., Tassi, S., Jeantils, V., Mechali, D., Taverne, B., Laurichesse, H., Gourdon, F., Lucht, F., Fresard, A., Faller, J. P., Eglinger, P., Bazin, C., Verdon, R., Peyramond, D., Boibieux, A., Touraine, J. L., Livrozet, J. M., Trepo, C., Cotte, L., Ravaux, I., Delmont, J. P., Moreau, J., Gastaut, J. A., Soubeyrand, J., Retornaz, F., Blanc, P. A., Allegre, T., Galinier, A., Ruiz, J. M., Lepeu, G., Granet Brunello, P., Pelissier, L., Esterni, J. P., Nezri, M., Cohen Valensi, R., Laffeuillade, A., Chadapaud, S., Reynes, J., May, T., Rabaud, C., Raffi, F., Pugliese, P., Michelet, C., Arvieux, C., Caron, F., Borsa Lebas, F., Rey, D., Fraisse, P., Massip, P., Cuzin, L., Arlet Suau, E., Thiercelin Legrand, M. F., Sobesky, M., Pradinaud, R., Contant, M., Montroni, M., Scalise, G., Braschi, M. C., Riva, A., Tirelli, U., Cinelli, R., Pastore, G., Ladisa, N., Minafra, G., Suter, F., Arici, C., Pristera, R., Chiodo, F., Colangeli, V., Fiorini, C., Coronado, O., Carosi, G., Cadeo, G. P., Torti, C., Minardi, C., Bertelli, D., Rizzardini, G., Melzi, S., Manconi, P. E., Piano, P., Cosco, L., Scerbo, A., Vecchiet, J., D'Alessandro, M., Santoro, D., Pusterla, L., Carnevale, G., Citterio, P., Viganò, P., Mena, M., Ghinelli, F., Sighinolfi, L., Leoncini, F., Mazzotta, F., Pozzi, M., Lo Caputo, S., Vullo, Vincenzo, Lichtner, Miriam, Angarano, G., Grisorio, B., Saracino, A., Ferrara, S., Grima, P., Tundo, P., Pagano, G., Cassola, G., Alessandrini, A., Piscopo, R., Toti, M., Chigiotti, S., Soscia, F., Tacconi, L., Orani, A., Perini, P., Scasso, A., Vincenti, A., Chiodera, F., Castelli, P., Scalzini, A., Palvarini, L., Moroni, M., Lazzarin, A., Cargnel, A., Vigevani, G. M., Caggese, L., d'Arminio Monforte, A., Repetto, D., Galli, A., Merli, S., Pastecchia, C., Moioli, M. C., Esposito, R., Mussini, C., Abrescia, N., Chirianni, A., Izzo, C. M., Piazza, M., De Marco, M., Viglietti, R., Manzillo, E., Nappa, S., Antonucci, G., Iacomi, F., Narciso, P., Zaccarelli, M., Colomba, A., Abbadessa, V., Prestileo, T., Mancuso, S., Ferrari, C., Pizzaferri, P., Filice, G., Minoli, L., Bruno, R., Novati, S., Baldelli, F., Tinca, M., Petrelli, E., Cioppi, A., Alberici, F., Ruggieri, A., Menichetti, F., Martinelli, C., De Stefano, C., La Gala, A., Ballardini, G., Rizzo, E., Magnani, G., Ursitti, M. A., Arlotti, M., Ortolani, P., Cauda, R., Dianzani, F., Ippolito, G., Antinori, A., D'Elia, S., Petrosillo, N., De Luca, A., Bacarelli, A., Acinapura, R., De Longis, P., Brandi, A., Trotta, M. P., Noto, P., Capobianchi, M. R., Carletti, F., Girardi, E., Pezzotti, P., Rezza, G., Mura, M. S., Mannazzu, M., Caramello, P., Di Perri, G., Soranzo, M. L., Orofino, G. C., Arnaudo, I., Bonasso, M., Grossi, P. A., Basilico, C., Poggio, A., Bottari, G., Raise, E., Ebo, F., De Lalla, F., Tositti, G., Resta, F., Loso, K., Cozzi Lepri, A., Johnson, A. M., Mercey, D., Phillips, A., Johnson, M. A., Mocroft, A., Murphy, M., Weber, J., Scullard, G., Fisher, M., Battegay, M., Bernasconi, E., Böni, J., Bucher, H., Bürgisser, P. h., Cattacin, S., Cavassini, M., Dubs, R., Egger, M., Elzi, L., Erb, P., Fantelli, K., Fischer, M., Flepp, M., Fontana, A., Francioli, P., Hirschel, B., Soravia Dunand, V., Furrer, H., Gorgievski, M., Günthard, H., Kaiser, L., Kind, C., Klimkait, T. h., Lauper, U., Ledergerber, B., Opravil, M., Paccaud, F., Pantaleo, G., Perrin, L., Piffaretti, J. C., Rickenbach, M., Rudin, C., Schmid, P., Schüpbach, J., Speck, R., Telenti, A., Trkola, A., Vernazza, P., Buy, E., Bronsveld, W., Hillebrand Haverkort, M. E., Reiss, P., Back, N. K. T., Bakker, M. E. G., Berkhout, B., Jurriaans, S., Cuijpers, T. h., Rietra, P. J. G. M., Roozendaal, K. J., Pauw, W., Van Zanten, A. P., Smits, P. H. M., Von Blomberg, B. M. E., Savelkoul, P., Danner, S. A., Van Agtmael, M. A., Claessen, F. A. P., Perenboom, R. M., Rijkeboer, A., Van Vonderen, M., Kuijpers, T. W., Pajkrt, D., Scherpbier, H. J., Prins, J. M., Bos, J. C., Eeftinck Schattenkerk, J. K. M., Geerlings, S. E., Godfried, M. H., Lange, J. M. A., Van Leth, F. C., Lowe, S. H., Van Der Meer, J. T. M., Nellen, F. J. B., Pogány, K., Van Der Poll, T., Ruys, T. h. A., Sankatsing, S., Steingrover, R., Van Twillert, G., Van Der Valk, M., Van Vonderen, M. G. A., Vrouenraets, S. M. E., Van Vugt, M., Wit, F. W. M. N., Veenstra, J., Van Eeden, A., Veen, J. H., Van Dam, P. S., Roos, J. C., Brinkman, K., Frissen, P. H. J., Weigel, H. M., Mulder, J. W., Van Gorp, E. C. M., Meenhorst, P. L., Mairuhu, A. T. A., Richter, C., Van Der Berg, J., Van Leusen, R., Swanink, C. M. A., Vriesendorp, R., Jeurissen, F. J. F., Franck, P. F. H., Lampe, A. S., Kauffmann, R. H., Koger, E. L. W., Bravenboer, B., Ten Napel, C. H. H., Kootstra, G. J., Schirm, J., Bennw, C. A., Sprenger, H. G., Miesen, W. M. A. J., Doedens, R., Scholvinck, E. H., Ten Kate, R. W., Van Houte, D. P. F., Polee, M., Kroes, A. C. M., Claas, H. C. J., Kroon, F. P., Van Den, Broek, Van Dissel, J. T., Schippers, E. F., Bruggeman, C. A. M. V. A., Goossens, V. J., Schreij, G., Van De Geest, S., Verbon, A., Galama, J. M. D., Melchers, W. J. G., Poort, Y. A. G., Koopmans, P. P., Keuter, M., Post, F., Van Der Ven, A. J. A. M., Doornum, G. J. J., Niesters, M. G., Osterhaus, A. D. M. E., Schutten, M., Driessen, G., De Groot, R., Hartwig, N., Van Der Ende, M. E., Gyssens, I. C., Van Der Feltz, M., Den Hollander, J. G., De Marie, S., L. Nouwen, J., Rijnders, B. J. A., De Vries, T. E. M. S., Juttmann, J. R., Van De Heul, C., Van Kasteren, M. E. E., Boucher, C. A. B., Schuurman, R., Geelen, S. P. M., Wolfs, T. F. W., Schneider, M. M. E., Bonten, M. J. M., Borleffs, J. C. C., Ellerbroek, P. M., Hoepelman, I. M., Jaspers, C. A. J. J., Schouten, I., Schurink, C. A. M., Blok, W. L., Tanis, A. A., Groeneveld, P. H. P., Jansen, C. L., Hendriks, R., Veenendaal, D., Storm, H., Weel, J., Van Zeijl, J. H., Buiting, A. G. M., Swaans, C. A. M., Boel, E., Jansz, A. F., Losso, M., Duran, A., Vetter, N., Karpov, I., Vassilenko, A., Clumeck, N., Dewit, S., Poll, B., Colebunders, R., Machala, L., Rozsypal, H., Sedlacek, D., Gerstoft, J., Katzenstein, T., Hansen, A. B. E., Skinhøj, P., Nielsen, J., Lundgren, J., Benfield, T., Kirk, O., Pedersen, C., Zilmer, K., Girard, P. M., Saint Marc, T., Vanhems, P., Dabis, F., Dietrich, M., Manegold, C., Van Lunzen, J., Stellbrink, H. J., Staszewski, S., Bickel, M., Goebel, F. D., Fätkenheuer, G., Rockstroh, J., Schmidt, R., Kosmidis, J., Gargalianos, P., Sambatakou, H., Perdios, J., Panos, G., Filandras, A., Karabatsaki, E., Banhegyi, D., Mulcahy, F., Yust, I., Turner, D., Burke, M., Pollack, S., Hassoun, G., Sthoeger, Z., Maayan, S., Borghi, R., Cotugno, A. D., Gabbuti, A., Chiesi, A., Montesarchio, E., Finazzi, R., D'Arminio Monforte, A., Viksna, L., Chaplinskas, S., Hemmer, R., Staub, T., Bruun, J., Maeland, A., Ormaasen, V., Knysz, B., Gasiorowski, J., Horban, A., Prokopowicz, D., Wiercinska Drapalo, A., Boron Kaczmarska, A., Pynka, M., Beniowski, M., Mularska, E., Trocha, H., Antunes, F., Valadas, E., Mansinho, K., Matez, F., Duiculescu, D., Babes, Victor, Streinu Cercel, A., Vinogradova, E., Rakhmanova, A., Jevtovic, D., Mokráš, M., Staneková, D., González Lahoz, J., Sánchez Conde, M., García Benayas, T., Martin Carbonero, L., Soriano, V., Clotet, B., Jou, A., Conejero, J., Tural, C., Gatell, J. M., Miró, J. M., Blaxhult, A., Karlsson, A., Pehrson, P., Weber, R., Kravchenko, E., Chentsova, N., Barton, S., Brettle, R., Loveday, C., Antunes, Francisco, Blaxhult, Anders, Clumeck, Nathan, Gatell, Jose, Horban, Andrzej, Johnson, Anne, Katlama, Christine, Ledergerber, Bruno, Loveday, Clive, Vella, Stefano, Gjørup, I., Friis Moeller, N., Bannister, W., Mollerup, D., Podlevkareva, D., Holkmann Olsen, C., Kjær, J., Raffanti, Stephen, Dieterch, Douglas, Becker, Stephen, Scarsella, Anthony, Fusco, Gregory, Most, Bernard, Balu, Rukmini, Rana, Rashida, Beckerman, Robin, Ising, Theodore, Fusco, Jennifer, Irek, Renae, Johnson, Bernadette, Hirani, Ashwin, Edwinjesus, De, Pierone, Gerald, Lackey, Philip, Irek, Chip, Johnson, Alison, Burdick, John, Leon, Saul, Arch, Joseph, Helm, Eilke B., Carlebach, Amina, Axelller, Mu, Haberl, Annette, Nisius, Gabi, Lennemann, Tessa, Rottmann, Carsten, Wolf, Timo, Stephan, Christoph, Bickel, Markus, Manfredsch, Mo, Gute, Peter, Locher, Leo, Lutz, Thomas, Klauke, Stephan, Knecht, Gabi, Doerr, Hans W., Stu, Martinrmer, Von Hentig, Nils, Jennings, Beverly, Beylot, J., Chêne, G., Dupon, M., Longy Boursier, M., Pellegrin, J. L., Ragnaud, J. M., Salamon, R., Thiébaut, R., Lewden, C., Lawson Ayayi, S., Mercié, P., Moreau, J. F., Morlat, P., Bernard, N., Lacoste, D., Malvy, D., Neau, D., Blaizeau, M. J., Decoin, M., Delveaux, S., Hannapier, C., Labarrère, S., Lavignolle Aurillac, V., Uwamaliya Nziyumvira, B., Palmer, G., Touchard, D., Balestre, E., Alioum, A., Jacqmin Gadda, H., Bonarek, M., Bonnet, F., Coadou, B., Gellie, P., Nouts, C., Bocquentin, F., Dutronc, H., Lafarie, S., Aslan, A., Pistonne, T., Thibaut, P., Vatan, R., Chambon, D., De La Taille, C., Cazorla, C., Ocho, A., Viallard, J. F., Caubet, O., Cipriano, C., Lazaro, E., Couzigou, P., Castera, L., Fleury, H., Lafon, M. E., Masquelier, B., Pellegrin, I., Breilh, D., Blanco, P., Loste, P., Caunègre, L., Bonnal, F., Farbos, S., Ferrand, M., Ceccaldi, J., Tchamgoué, S., De Witte, S., Alexander, Chris, Barrios, Rolando, Braitstein, Paula, Brumme, Zabrina, Chan, Keith, Cote, Helen, Gataric, Nada, Geller, Josie, Guillemi, Silvia, Richard Harrigan, P., Harris, Marrianne, Joy, Ruth, Levy, Adrian, Montaner, Julio, Montessori, Val, Palepu, Anita, Phillips, Elizabeth, Phillips, Peter, Press, Natasha, Tyndall, Mark, Wood, Evan, Bhagani, S., Byrne, P., Carroll, A., Cuthbertson, Z., Dunleavy, A., Geretti, A. M., Heelan, B., Johnson, M., Kinloch de Loes, S., Lipman, M., Madge, S., Marshall, N., Nair, D., Nebbia, G., Prinz, B., Swaden, L., Tyrer, M., Youle, M., Chaloner, C., Grabowska, H., Holloway, J., Puradiredja, J., Ransom, D., Tsintas, R., Bansi, L., Fox, Z., Harris, E., Hill, T., Lampe, F., Lodwick, R., Reekie, J., Sabin, C., Smith, C., Amoah, E., Booth, C., Clewley, G., Garcia Diaz, A., Gregory, B., Labbett, W., Tahami, F., Thomas, M., Read, Ron, Fatkenheuer, G., Schmeisser, N., Voigt, K., Wasmuth, J. C., Wohrmann, A., Infectious diseases, AII - Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, APH - Amsterdam Public Health, Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Paediatric Infectious Diseases / Rheumatology / Immunology, Landsteiner Laboratory, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Graduate School, Cardiology, APH - Global Health, APH - Quality of Care, AII - Infectious diseases, AII - Inflammatory diseases, and Global Health

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, AIDS, CD4 counts, Highly active antiretroviral therapy, HIV, Prognosis, Substance abuse (intravenous), Adolescent, Anti-HIV Agents, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Europe, HIV Infections, HIV-1, Humans, Middle Aged, North America, Risk Factors, Substance Abuse, Intravenous, Survival Analysis, Pharmacology (medical), Infectious Diseases, Cost effectiveness, Antiretroviral Therapy, Article, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Internal medicine, medicine, Highly Active, Survival analysis, Immunodeficiency, business.industry, Transmission (medicine), Hazard ratio, Substance Abuse, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, Physical therapy, Intravenous, business, Cohort study
Abstract

Background: The extent to which the prognosis for AIDS and death of patients initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) continues to be affected by their characteristics at the time of initiation (baseline) is unclear. Methods: We analyzed data on 20,379 treatment-naive HIV-1- infected adults who started HAART in 1 of 12 cohort studies in Europe and North America (61,798 person-years of follow-up, 1844 AIDS events, and 1005 deaths). Results: Although baseline CD4 cell count became less prognostic with time, individuals with a baseline CD4 count 350 cells/μL (hazard ratio for AIDS = 2.3, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.0 to 2.3; mortality hazard ratio = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.2 to 5.5, 4 to 6 years after starting HAART). Rates of AIDS were persistently higher in individuals who had experienced an AIDS event before starting HAART. Individuals with presumed transmission by means of injection drug use experienced substantially higher rates of AIDS and death than other individuals throughout follow-up (AIDS hazard ratio = 1.6, 95% CI: 0.8 to 3.0; mortality hazard ratio = 3.5, 95% CI: 2.2 to 5.5, 4 to 6 years after starting HAART). Conclusions: Compared with other patient groups, injection drug users and patients with advanced immunodeficiency at baseline experience substantially increased rates of AIDS and death up to 6 years after starting HAART.

Published
2007

19. Survival following an impalement injury through the perineum in association with high voltage electrical burns: A case report

Author

Joseph Yorke, Pius Agbenorku, Ronald Awoonor-Williams, Kofi Baah Nyamekye, George Amoah, Offoe Michael Adinku, Charles Appiah, Amoah Edward Boateng, Esinam Anita Agbeko, Papa Kwesi Sonsomir Fiifi-Yankson, Dorcas Ahulu, Daniel Anning Gyawu, and Dennis Afful Yorke

Subjects
Impalement injury, High voltage electrical burns, Perineum, Pelvis, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract

We reported a case of a 30-year-old man who reportedly sustained electrical burns and fell from a high voltage electric pole about 50 meter high onto a metal that caused impalement injury. In addition, he sustained full-thickness burns of the right upper limb (7%), the right hemithorax, the perineum (sparing the penis), the anterior abdominal wall and the lateral aspect of both thighs. There was 43% burned surface area in total. Radiographic examination revealed a slender curved object extending from his perineum into the pelvis. The management of this case was a challenging one which was described in this article.

Published
2017
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24. Incidence of tuberculosis among HIV-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy in Europe and North America

Author

Costagliola, D., Dabis, F., Monforte, Ad, Wolf, F., Egger, M., Fatkenheuer, G., Gill, J., Hogg, R., Justice, A., Ledergerber, B., Lundgren, J., May, M., Phillips, A., Reiss, P., Sabin, C., Staszewski, S., Sterne, J., Weller, I., Beckthold, B., Yip, B., Dauer, B., Fusco, J., Grabar, S., Lanoy, E., Junghans, C., Lavignolle, V., Leth, F., Pereira, E., Pezzotti, P., Schmeisser, N., Billaud, E., Boue, F., Duval, X., Duvivier, C., Enel, P., Fournier, S., Gasnault, J., Gaud, C., Gilquin, J., Khuong, Ma, Lang, Jm, Mary-Krause, M., Matheron, S., Meyohas, Mc, Pialoux, G., Poizot-Martin, I., Pradier, C., Rouveix, E., Salmon-Ceron, D., Sobel, A., Tattevin, P., Tissot-Dupont, H., Yasdanpanah, Y., Aronica, E., Tirard-Fleury, V., Tortay, I., Abgrall, S., Guiguet, M., Leneman, H., Lievre, L., Potard, V., Saidi, S., Vilde, Jl, Leport, C., Yeni, P., Bouvet, E., Gaudebout, C., Crickx, B., Picard-Dahan, C., Weiss, L., Tisne-Dessus, D., Sicard, D., Salmon, D., Auperin, I., Viard, Jp, Roudiere, L., Delfraissy, Jf, Goujard, C., Lesprit, P., Jung, C., Meynard, Jl, Picard, O., Desplanque, N., Cadranel, J., Mayaud, C., Rozenbaum, W., Bricaire, F., Katlama, C., Herson, S., Simon, A., Decazes, Jm, Molina, Jm, Clauvel, Jp, Gerard, L., Widal, Ghlf, Sellier, P., Diemer, M., Dupont, C., Berthe, H., Saiag, P., Mortier, L., Mortier, E., Chandemerle, C., Truchis, P., Bentata, M., Honore, P., Tassi, S., Jeantils, V., Mechali, D., Taverne, B., Laurichesse, H., Gourdon, F., Lucht, F., Fresard, A., Faller, Jp, Eglinger, P., Bazin, C., Verdon, R., Peyramond, D., Boibieux, A., Touraine, Jl, Livrozet, Jm, Trepo, C., Cotte, L., Ravaux, I., Delmont, Jp, Moreau, J., Gastaut, Ja, Soubeyrand, J., Retornaz, F., Blanc, Pa, Allegre, T., Galinier, A., Ruiz, Jm, Lepeu, G., Granet-Brunello, P., Pelissier, L., Esterni, Jp, Nezri, M., Cohen-Valensi, R., Laffeuillade, A., Chadapaud, S., Reynes, J., May, T., Rabaud, C., Raffi, F., Pugliese, P., Michelet, C., Arvieux, C., Caron, F., Borsa-Lebas, F., Fraisse, P., Massip, P., Cuzin, L., Arlet-Suau, E., Legrand, Mft, Sobesky, M., Pradinaud, R., Guyon, F., Contant, M., Montroni, M., Scalise, G., Braschi, Mc, Aviano, Ar, Tirelli, U., Cinelli, R., Pastore, G., Ladisa, N., Minafra, G., Suter, F., Arici, C., Chiodo, F., Colangeli, V., Fiorini, C., Coronado, O., Carosi, G., Cadeo, Gp, Torti, C., Minardi, C., Bertelli, D., Rizzardini, G., Melzi, S., Manconi, Pe, Catanzaro, Pp, Cosco, L., Scerbo, A., Vecchiet, J., D Alessandro, M., Santoro, D., Pusterla, L., Carnevale, G., Citterio, P., Vigano, P., Mena, M., Ghinelli, F., Sighinolfi, L., Leoncini, F., Mazzotta, F., Pozzi, M., Lo Caputo, S., Angarano, G., Grisorio, B., Saracino, A., Ferrara, S., Grima, P., Tundo, P., Pagano, G., Cassola, G., Alessandrini, A., Piscopo, R., Toti, M., Chigiotti, S., Soscia, F., Tacconi, L., Orani, A., Perini, P., Scasso, A., Vincenti, A., Chiodera, F., Castelli, P., Scalzini, A., Palvarini, L., Moroni, M., Lazzarin, A., Cargnel, A., Vigevani, Gm, Caggese, L., Repetto, D., Galli, A., Merli, S., Pastecchia, C., Moioli, Mc, Esposito, R., Mussini, C., Abrescia, N., Chirianni, A., Izzo, Cm, Piazza, M., Marco, M., Viglietti, R., Manzillo, E., Nappa, S., Colomba, A., Abbadessa, V., Prestileo, T., Mancuso, S., Ferrari, C., Pizzaferri, P., Filice, G., Minoli, L., Bruno, R., Novati, S., Baldelli, F., Tinca, M., Petrelli, E., Cioppi, A., Alberici, F., Ruggieri, A., Menichetti, F., Martinelli, C., Stefano, C., La Gala, A., Ballardini, G., Rizzo, E., Magnani, G., Ursitti, Ma, Arlotti, M., Ortolani, P., Cauda, R., Dianzani, F., Ippolito, G., Antinori, A., Antonucci, G., D Elia, S., Narciso, P., Petrosillo, N., Vullo, V., Luca, A., Bacarelli, A., Zaccarelli, M., Acinapura, R., Longis, P., Brandi, A., Trotta, Mp, Noto, P., Lichtner, M., Capobianchi, MR, Carletti, F., Girardi, E., Rezza, G., Mura, Ms, Mannazzu, M., Caramello, P., Di Perri, G., Soranzo, Ml, Orofino, Gc, Arnaudo, I., Bonasso, M., Grossi, Pa, Basilico, C., Poggio, A., Bottari, G., Raise, E., Ebo, F., Lalla, F., Tositti, G., Resta, F., Loso, K., Lepri, Ac, Battegay, M., Bernasconi, E., Boni, J., Bucher, H., Burgisser, P., Cattacin, S., Cavassini, M., Dubs, R., Elzi, L., Erb, P., Fantelli, K., Fischer, M., Flepp, M., Fontana, A., Francioli, P., Furrer, H., Gorgievski, M., Hirschel, B., Kaiser, L., Kind, C., Klimkait, T., Lauper, U., Opravil, M., Paccaud, F., Pantaleo, G., Perrin, L., Piffaretti, Jc, Rickenbach, M., Rudin, C., Schmid, P., Schupbach, J., Speck, R., Telenti, A., Trkola, A., Vernazza, P., Weber, R., Yerly, S., Bronsveld, W., Hillebrand-Haverkort, Me, Prins, Jm, Bos, Jc, Schattenkerk, Jkme, Geerlings, Se, Godfried, Mh, Lange, Jma, Leth, Fc, Lowe, Sh, Meer, Jtm, Nellen, Fjb, Pogany, K., Poll, T., Ruys, Ta, Sankatsing, S., Steingrover, R., Twillert, G., Valk, M., Vonderen, Mga, Vrouenraets, Sme, Vugt, M., Wit, Fwmn, Kuijpers, Tw, Pajkrt, D., Scherpbier, Hj, Eeden, A., Ten Veen, Jh, Dam, Ps, Roos, Jc, Brinkman, K., Frissen, Phj, Weigel, Hm, Mulder, Jw, Gorp, Ecm, Meenhorst, Pl, Mairuhu, Ata, Ziekenhuis, S., Veenstra, J., Danner, Sa, Agtmael, Ma, Claessen, Fap, Perenboom, Rm, Rijkeboer, A., Vonderen, M., Richter, C., Berg, J., Leusen, R., Vriesendorp, R., Jeurissen, Fjf, Kauffmann, Rh, Koger, Elw, Bravenboer, B., Ten Napel, Chh, Kootstra, Gj, Sprenger, Hg, Miesen, Wmaj, Doedens, R., Scholvinck, Eh, Ten Kate, Rw, Houte, Dpf, Polee, M., Kroon, Fp, van den Broek, Dissel, Jt, Schippers, Ef, Schreij, G., Geest, Sv, Verbon, A., Koopmans, Pp, Keuter, M., Post, F., Ven, Ajam, Ende, Me, Gyssens, Ic, Feltz, M., Den Hollander, Jg, Marie, S., Nouwen, Jl, Rijnders, Bja, Vries, Tems, Driessen, G., Groot, R., Hartwig, N., Juttmann, Jr, Heul, C., Kasteren, Mee, Schneider, Mme, Bonten, Mjm, Borleffs, Jcc, Ellerbroek, Pm, Hoepelman, Im, Jaspers, Cajj, Schouten, I., Schurink, Cam, Geelen, Spm, Wolfs, Tfw, Blok, Wl, Tanis, Aa, Groeneveld, Php, Klinieken-Zwolle, I., Back, Nkt, Bakker, Meg, Berkhout, B., Jurriaans, S., Cuijpers, T., Rietra, Pjgm, Roozendaal, Kj, Pauw, W., Zanten, Ap, Blomberg, Bme, Savelkoul, P., Swanink, Cma, Franck, Pfh, Lampe, As, Hendriks, R., Schirm, J., Veenendaal, D., Storm, H., Weel, J., Zeijl, H., Kroes, Acm, Claas, Hcj, Bruggeman, Camva, Goossens, Vj, Galama, Jmd, Melchers, Wjg, Poort, Yag, Doornum, Gjj, Niesters, Mg, Osterhaus, Adme, Schutten, M., Buiting, Agm, Swaans, Cam, Boucher, Cab, Boel, E., Jansz, Af, Losso, M., Duran, A., Vetter, N., Karpov, I., Vassilenko, A., Clumeck, N., Wit, S., Poll, B., Colebunders, R., Machala, L., Rozsypal, H., Dalibor Sedlacek, Nielsen, J., Benfield, T., Kirk, O., Gerstoft, J., Katzenstein, T., Hansen, Abe, Skinhoj, P., Pedersen, C., Zilmer, K., Girard, Pm, Saint-Marc, T., Vanhems, P., Dietrich, M., Manegold, C., Lunzen, J., Stellbrink, Hj, Bickel, M., Goebel, Fd, Rockstroh, J., Schmidt, R., Kosmidis, J., Gargalianos, P., Sambatakou, H., Perdios, J., Panos, G., Filandras, A., Karabatsaki, E., Banhegyi, D., Mulcahy, F., Yust, I., Turner, D., Burke, M., Pollack, S., Hassoun, G., Sthoeger, Z., Maayan, S., Chiesi, A., Borghi, R., Pristera, R., Gabbuti, A., Montesarchio, E., Iacomi, F., Finazzi, R., Viksna, L., Chaplinskas, S., Hemmer, R., Staub, T., Bruun, J., Maeland, A., Ormaasen, V., Knysz, B., Gasiorowski, J., Horban, A., Prokopowicz, D., Wiercinska-Drapalo, A., Boron-Kaczmarska, A., Pynka, M., Beniowski, M., Mularska, E., Trocha, H., Antunes, F., Valadas, E., Mansinho, K., Matez, F., Duiculescu, D., Babes, V., Streinu-Cercel, A., Vinogradova, E., Rakhmanova, A., Jevtovic, D., Mokras, M., Stanekova, D., Gonzalez-Lahoz, J., Sanchez-Conde, M., Garcia-Benayas, T., Martin-Carbonero, L., Soriano, V., Clotet, B., Jou, A., Conejero, J., Tural, C., Gatell, Jm, Miro, Jm, Blaxhult, A., Karlsson, A., Pehrson, P., Soravia-Dunand, V., Kravchenko, E., Chentsova, N., Barton, S., Johnson, Am, Mercey, D., Johnson, Ma, Mocroft, A., Murphy, M., Weber, J., Scullard, G., Fisher, M., Brettle, R., Loveday, C., Gatell, J., Johnson, A., Vella, S., Gjorup, I., Friis-Moeller, N., Cozzi-Lepri, A., Bannister, W., Mollerup, D., Podlevkareva, D., Olsen, Ch, Kjaer, J., Raffanti, S., Dieterch, D., Becker, S., Scarsella, A., Fusco, G., Most, B., Balu, R., Rana, R., Beckerman, R., Ising, T., Irek, R., Johnson, B., Hirani, A., Dejesus, E., Pierone, G., Lackey, P., Irek, C., Burdick, J., Leon, S., Arch, J., Helm, Eb, Carlebach, A., Muller, A., Haberl, A., Nisius, G., Lennemann, T., Rottmann, C., Wolf, T., Stephan, C., Mosch, M., Gute, P., Locher, L., Lutz, T., Klauke, S., Knecht, G., Doerr, Hw, Sturmer, M., Hentig, N., Jennings, B., Beylot, J., Chene, G., Dupon, M., Longy-Boursier, M., Pellegrin, Jl, Ragnaud, Jm, Salamon, R., Thiebaut, R., Lewden, C., Lawson-Ayayi, S., Mercie, P., Moreau, Jf, Moriat, P., Bernard, N., Lacoste, D., Malvy, D., Neau, D., Blaizeau, Mj, Decoin, M., Delveaux, S., Hannapier, C., Labarrere, S., Lavignolle-Aurillac, V., Uwamaliya-Nziyumvira, B., Palmer, G., Touchard, D., Balestre, E., Alioum, A., Jacqmin-Gadda, H., Morlat, P., Bonarek, M., Bonnet, F., Coadou, B., Gellie, P., Nouts, C., Bocquentin, F., Dutronc, H., Lafarie, S., Aslan, A., Pistonne, T., Thibaut, P., Vatan, R., Chambon, D., La Taille, C., Cazorla, C., Ocho, A., Castera, L., Fleury, H., Lafon, Me, Masquelier, B., Pellegrin, I., Breilh, D., Blanco, P., Loste, P., Caunegre, L., Bonnal, F., Farbos, S., Ferrand, M., Ceccaldi, J., Tchamgoue, S., Witte, S., Buy, E., Alexander, C., Barrios, R., Braitstein, P., Brumme, Z., Chan, K., Cote, H., Gataric, N., Geller, J., Guillemi, S., Harrigan, Harris, M., Joy, R., Levy, A., Montaner, J., Montessori, V., Palepu, A., Phillips, E., Phillips, P., Press, N., Tyndall, M., Wood, E., Ballinger, J., Bhagani, S., Breen, R., Byrne, P., Carroll, A., Cropley, I., Cuthbertson, Z., Drinkwater, T., Fernandez, T., Geretti, Am, Murphy, G., Ivens, D., Johnson, M., Kinloch-De Loes, S., Lipman, M., Madge, S., Prinz, B., Bell, Dr, Shah, S., Swaden, L., Tyrer, M., Youle, M., Chaloner, C., Gumley, H., Holloway, J., Puradiredja, D., Sweeney, J., Tsintas, R., Bansi, L., Fox, Z., Lampe, F., Smith, C., Amoah, E., Clewley, G., Dann, L., Gregory, B., Jani, I., Janossy, G., Kahan, M., Thomas, M., Gill, Mj, Read, R., Schmeisser, V., Voigt, K., Wasmuth, Jc, Wohrmann, A., and Antiretroviral Therapy Cohort Coll

28. Differentiation of oligosaccharide isomers by direct infusion multidimensional mass spectrometry.

Author

Amoah E, Sahraeian T, Seth A, and Badu-Tawiah AK

Subjects
Isomerism, Humans, Principal Component Analysis, Oligosaccharides chemistry, Tandem Mass Spectrometry methods, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization methods
Abstract

Oligosaccharides demonstrate many bioactivities with applications in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. They also serve as biomarkers for various diseases including cancer and glycogen storage disorders. These make the structural characterization of oligosaccharides very important. Unfortunately, the structural diversity found in saccharides make their characterization challenging, necessitating the development of sophisticated instrumentation to enable isomer differentiation. Herein, we report the ability of halide (Cl - and Br - ) adducts to enable direct differentiation of oligosaccharide isomers using conventional collision-induced dissociation (CID) tandem MS (MS/MS). The halide adducts were generated by direct infusion nano-electrospray ionization (nESI). For the first time, this traditional nESI CID MS/MS platform was used to differentiate stereoisomers of trisaccharides (cellotriose β(1 → 4) and maltotriose α(1 → 4), tetrasaccharides (cellotetraose and maltotetraose), and pentasaccharides (cellopentaose and maltopentaose)). In addition, the MS/MS of halide adducts enabled the differentiation of positional, structural, and linkage isomers from a total of 14 oligosaccharides. The isomer differentiation was realized by the generation of distinct diagnostic fragment ions in CID. We also performed principal component analysis using the entire range of MS/MS fragment ion profiles and found that negative-ion mode halide adduction provided more effective isomer differentiation compared with positive-ion mode sodium adduction. Finally, we demonstrated complex mixture analysis by spiking all 14 oligosaccharides into raw urine, of which we successfully distinguished species based on molecular weight (first dimension) and CID MS/MS fragmentation patterns as the second dimension separation. This work effectively showcases the potential to use direct infusion nESI-MS/MS to characterize synthetic oligosaccharide isomers in unpurified reaction mixture as well as from biofluids for diagnostic purposes.

Published
2024
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30. Adolescents' satisfaction with abortion services received and factors associated with satisfaction at reproductive health centres.

Author

Amoah E, Enos JY, Ganle J, and Maya ET

Subjects
Pregnancy, Female, Humans, Adolescent, Infant, Cross-Sectional Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Personal Satisfaction, Patient Satisfaction, Reproductive Health, Abortion, Induced
Abstract

Aim: This study assessed adolescents' satisfaction with services received during their most recent abortion and the factors associated with satisfaction at reproductive health centres in the Greater Accra region of Ghana., Design: A facility-based cross-sectional survey was used for this study., Methods: Overall, 254 adolescent girls aged between 15 and 19 years, who had an abortion within 1 week of the study period were recruited for the study. All the 254 respondents were recruited consecutively as they visited health facilities for abortion services from March 2019 to February 2020. Written informed consent was signed by respondents, and data were collected using the Patient Satisfaction with Nursing Care Quality Questionnaire, and the data were analysed using Stata version 15.0. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted., Results: A majority of adolescents reported being satisfied with the abortion services they received. Ample waiting space and the system of 'first-come-first-served' were the highest rated elements of service satisfaction. Adolescents were least satisfied with the inadequacy of instructions and lack of information on medications received and their therapeutic or side effects. Ethnicity, having a stable intimate partner and perceived adequacy of staff were the factors associated with satisfaction with abortion services., Conclusion: Adolescents are unique group of people with peculiar health needs. If they are treated with respect and dignity, they are likely to be satisfied with services received from the reproductive health centres offering comprehensive abortion care., Impact: The study addresses adolescent satisfaction with abortion care received; if health providers treat adolescent seeking abortion care with respect, friendly and non-judgemental attitude, it will enable adolescents to seek abortion care from qualified professionals instead of unskilled service providers to reduce maternal mortality., Patient's Contribution: Patients from 11 reproductive centres responded to the questionnaire used for the data collection., (© 2023 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Published
2023
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31. Two-dimensional isomer differentiation using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with in-source, droplet-based derivatization.

Author

Heiss DR, Amoah E, and Badu-Tawiah AK

Subjects
Chromatography, Liquid, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization methods, Tandem Mass Spectrometry methods, Sucrose
Abstract

Saccharides are increasingly used as biomarkers and for therapeutic purposes. Their characterization is challenging due to their low ionization efficiencies and inherent structural heterogeneity. Here, we illustrate how the coupling of online droplet-based reaction, in a form of contained electrospray (ES) ion source, with liquid chromatography (LC) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) allows the comprehensive characterization of sucrose isomers. We used the reaction between phenylboronic acid and cis -diols for on-the-fly derivatization of saccharides eluting from the LC column followed by in situ MS/MS analysis, which afforded diagnostic fragment ions that enabled differentiation of species indistinguishable by chromatography or mass spectrometry alone. For example, chromatograms differing only by 2% in retention times were flagged to be different based on incompatible MS/MS fragmentation patterns. This orthogonal LC-contained-ES-MS/MS method was applied to confirm the presence of turanose, palatinose, maltulose, and maltose, which are structural isomers of sucrose, in three different honey samples. The reported workflow does not require modification to existing mass spectrometers, and the contained-ES platform itself acts both as the ion source and the reactor, all promising widespread application.

Published
2023
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32. Access to essential therapy for sickle cell disease in Africa: Experience from a national program in Ghana.

Author

Nyonator C, Amoah E, Addo EF, Mukanga M, Asubonteng AK, Ohene-Frempong K, Spector JM, and Ofori-Acquah SF

Subjects
Humans, Ghana epidemiology, Anemia, Sickle Cell drug therapy, Anemia, Sickle Cell epidemiology
Abstract

Novartis, a global medicines company, and the Sickle Cell Foundation of Ghana (SCFG), an advocacy organization, have endeavored to support the implementation of global best practices in the care of people living with sickle cell disease (SCD) in Africa, and to address unmet needs relating to this condition on the continent. Beginning in 2019, a multifaceted SCD program was implemented in Ghana through a public-private partnership involving the government of Ghana, the SCFG, Novartis, and other partners. A key component of the program involved expanding the reach of hydroxyurea (HU), the only approved disease-modifying generic treatment for SCD, in ways that would promote sustainable access. The program helped to raise the profile of SCD in Ghana and, in 2022, the government adopted HU into its National Health Insurance Scheme. Features of the effort in Ghana are now being expanded to other countries in Africa through cocreated programs with in-country partners. This article reviews the program's history, progress, challenges, and lessons learned., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: CN, MM, and JS are employees at Novartis., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2023
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33. High-Throughput Nanoliter Sampling and Direct Analysis of Biological Fluids Using Droplet Imbibition Mass Spectrometry.

Author

Sahraeian T, Amoah E, Kulyk DS, and Badu-Tawiah AK

Subjects
Humans, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization methods, Urinalysis, Blood Chemical Analysis
Abstract

A high-throughput droplet imbibition mass spectrometry (MS) experiment is reported for the first time that allows direct analysis of ultra-small volumes of complex mixtures. In this experiment, an array of optimized tips of glass capillaries containing the analyte solution is sampled by rapidly moving charged microdroplets, which picks up (i.e., imbibes) the analyte and transfers it to a proximal mass spectrometer. The advantages associated with this droplet imbibition experiment include (1) ultra-small sample consumption (1.3 nL/min), which reduces the matrix effect in complex mixture analysis, and (2) high surface activity, which eliminates ion suppression effects caused by competition for the space charge on the droplet surface. Collectively, the enhanced surface effect and small flow rates dramatically increase the sensitivity of the droplet imbibition MS approach. This was experimentally shown by constructing calibration curves for cocaine analysis in human raw urine and whole blood, achieving 2 and 7 pg/mL limits of detection, respectively. The high-throughput feature was demonstrated by analyzing five structurally different compounds in 20 s intervals. With the measured flow rate of 1.3 nL/min on a 5 μm glass tip size, the results described in the current study showcase droplet imbibition MS to be a powerful and high-throughput alternative for conventional nano-electrospray ionization (flow rate <100 nL/min), which is the most efficient method for transferring small sample volumes to mass spectrometers.

Published
2023
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34. Mass Spectrometry Approach for Differentiation of Positional Isomers of Saccharides: Toward Direct Analysis of Rare Sugars.

Author

Amoah E, Kulyk DS, Callam CS, Hadad CM, and Badu-Tawiah AK

Subjects
Carbohydrates, Tandem Mass Spectrometry methods, Glycosides, Sucrose, Isomerism, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization methods, Sugars
Abstract

Rare sugars have gained popularity in recent years due to their use in antiaging treatments, their ability to sweeten with few calories, and their ability to heal infections. Rare sugars are found in small quantities in nature, and they exist typically as isomeric forms of traditional sugars, rendering some challenges in their isolation, synthesis, and characterization. In this work, we present the first direct mass spectrometric approach for differentiating structural isomers of sucrose that differ only by their glycosidic linkages. The method employed a noncontact nanoelectrospray (nESI) platform capable of analyzing minuscule volumes (5 μL) of saccharides via the formation of halide adducts ([M+X] - ; X = Cl and Br). Tandem mass spectrometry analysis of the five structural isomers of sucrose afforded diagnostic fragment ions that can be used to distinguish each isomer. Detailed mechanisms showcasing the distinct fragmentation pattern for each isomer are discussed. The method was applied to characterize and confirm the presence of all five selected rare sugars in raw honey complex samples. Aside from the five natural α isomers of sucrose, the method was also suitable for differentiating some β isomers of the same glycosidic linkages, provided the monomeric sugar units are different. The halide adduct formation via the noncontact nESI source was also proven to be effective for oligosaccharides such as raffinose, β-cyclodextrin, and maltoheptaose. The results from this study encourage the future development of methods that function with simple operation to enable straightforward characterization of small quantities of rare sugars.

Published
2023
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35. Radiotherapy in Managing Metastatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Cardiac Involvement and Pulmonary Tumor Thromboemboli: A Case Report.

Author

Chow Z, Amoah E, Hao Z, and Kudrimoti M

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common liver cancer and presents various degrees of aggressiveness. In this case study, we reported the management of an aggressive HCC patient who was a young immigrant from a hepatitis B endemic country with locally advanced HCC with portal involvement at presentation. Patient was initially managed with Yttrium-90 (Y-90) instillation, then systemic treatment when he had disease progression. Despite multiple lines of systemic treatments, patient continued to progress and developed significant cardiac involvement and pulmonary tumor thromboemboli. His course of treatment was further complicated by hemoptysis, presumably from hemorrhagic tumor thromboemboli. Patient became ineligible for systemic treatment due to the risk of hemoptysis, thus, subsequently managed with a course of palliative radiotherapy. Unfortunately, patient developed hemorrhagic shock, cardiac failure, and septic shock during radiation treatment and expired shortly afterward. In this case report, we discussed multi-modal treatments, including Y-90, systemic treatment, and radiotherapy, in managing complicated and aggressive HCC. We also reported risk factors, prognostic factors, efficacy of Y-90 instillation and the necessity of a personalized treatment approach. In conclusion, there is no consensus on managing patients with metastatic HCC with cardiac and pulmonary involvement currently. Treatment modalities are often highly personalized and require multi-disciplinary discussion., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2023, Chow et al.)

Published
2023
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36. Thrombocytopenia a predictor of malaria: how far?

Author

Tiiba JI, Ahmadu PU, Naamawu A, Fuseini M, Raymond A, Osei-Amoah E, Bobrtaa PC, Bacheyie PP, Abdulai MA, Alidu I, Alhassan A, Abdul Hamid JG, Yussif A, Tayawn PT, Sakyi AA, Yeng TN, Aziz SA, Mankana AH, Husein WA, Abdallah AW, Mwininyaabu KS, Kuffour MO, Boateng EO, Owusu-Achiaw B, and Eyulaku NJ

Abstract

Malaria is an acute febrile illness. It is a dangerous disease that contributes to millions of hospital visits and hundreds of thousands of deaths, especially in children residing in sub-Saharan Africa. In a non-immune individual, symptoms usually appear 10-15 days after the infective mosquito bite. The first symptoms-fever, headache, and chills-may be mild and difficult to recognize as malaria. If not treated within 24 h, P. falciparum malaria can progress to severe illness, often leading to death. Children with severe malaria frequently develop one or more of the following symptoms: severe anaemia, respiratory distress in relation to metabolic acidosis, or cerebral malaria. In adults, multi-organ involvement is also frequent. In malaria endemic areas, people may develop partial immunity, allowing asymptomatic infections to occur. Haematological changes are well-recognised with malarial infection however background haemoglobinopathy, nutritional status, demographic factors and malaria immunity play a major role in specific changes in that geographical region. Artemisinin derivatives are new generation antimalarial drugs they are used in the treatment of acute attacks of severe malaria including cerebral malaria. Information on the safety of these new antimalarial drugs on body function is still scanty. Haematological parameters are well studied in P. falciparum infection, but now recent studies have indicated that these changes do occur in P. vivax infection also. Hematological profile together with microscopy will enable rapid diagnosis, prompt treatment and further complications can be avoided. This current review is aimed at providing an up-to-date information on the role of malaria and anti-malarial drugs on haematological parameters especially thrombocytopenia., Competing Interests: Conflict of interestThe authors declare that they have no conflict of interests., (© Indian Society for Parasitology 2022, Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.)

Published
2023
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37. Routinely used interventions to improve attachment in infants and young children: a national survey and two systematic reviews.

Author

Wright B, Fearon P, Garside M, Tsappis E, Amoah E, Glaser D, Allgar V, Minnis H, Woolgar M, Churchill R, McMillan D, Fonagy P, O'Sullivan A, and McHale M

Subjects
Child, Preschool, Humans, Infant, England, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Surveys and Questionnaires, Health Status, Parenting
Abstract

Background: Attachment refers to an infant's innate tendency to seek comfort from their caregiver. Research shows that attachment is important in promoting healthy social and emotional development. Many parenting interventions have been developed to improve attachment outcomes for children. However, numerous interventions used in routine practice have a limited evidence base, meaning that we cannot be sure if they are helpful or harmful., Objectives: This research aimed to conduct a large-scale survey to identify what interventions are being used in UK services to improve child attachment; conduct a systematic review to evaluate the evidence for parenting attachment interventions; and develop recommendations for future research and practice., Design and Methods: We worked closely with our Expert Reference Group to plan a large-scale survey focused on relevant UK services. We then conducted two systematic reviews. One searched for all randomised controlled trial evidence for any attachment parenting intervention. The second searched for all research for the top 10 routinely used interventions identified from the survey., Results: The survey collected 625 responses covering 734 UK services. The results identified the 10 most commonly used interventions. The responses showed a limited use of validated measures and a wide variety of definitions of attachment. For the first review, seven studies were included from 2516 identified records. These were combined with results from previous reviews conducted by the team. Meta-analyses showed that, overall, parenting interventions are effective in reducing disorganised attachment (pooled odds ratio 0.54, 95% confidence interval 0.39 to 0.77) and increasing secure attachment (pooled odds ratio 1.85, 95% confidence interval 1.36 to 2.52). The second review searched the literature for the top 10 routinely used interventions identified by the survey; 61 studies were included from 1198 identified records. The results showed that many of the most commonly used interventions in UK services have a weak evidence base and those with the strongest evidence base are not as widely used., Conclusions: There is a need for better links between research and practice to ensure that interventions offered to families are safe and effective. Possible reasons for the disparity include the cost and accessibility of training. There is also a need for improved understanding by professionals regarding the meaning of attachment., Limitations: Although the survey had good geographical spread, most respondents were based in England. For review 2 we were unable to access a large number of papers; however, we conducted extensive reference checking to account for this., Future Work: There is a need for robust research to test the efficacy of routinely used attachment interventions. Research could also explore why routinely used interventions are not consistently subject to thorough evaluation; how to embed dissemination, cost-effectiveness, fidelity and sustainability into research; and how to keep clinical practice up to date with research developments., Study Registration: This study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42019137362., Funding: This project was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment ; Vol. 27, No. 2. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.

Published
2023
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38. Physico-thermal and emission properties of tissue cultured clone from Bambusa balcoaa (Beema bamboo) and Oxytenanthera abyssinica as sustainable solid biofuels.

Author

Boadu KB, Ansong M, Anokye R, Offeh-Gyimah K, and Amoah E

Subjects
Biofuels analysis, Wood chemistry, Particulate Matter analysis, Fossil Fuels analysis, Bambusa
Abstract

In the search for alternatives to wood fuel, to meet the bio-energy requirement of an ever-increasing global population, the International Network for Bamboo and Rattan has supported farmers in many tropical countries to establish plantations of Beema bamboo (a tissue-cultured clone from Bambusa vulgaris) and Oxytenanthera abyssinica for bio-energy production. The quality of these species as solid biofuels is unknown due to the absence of data on their physico-thermal and emission characteristics. Using the American Standard for Testing and Materials and other internationally accepted standards, their ultimate and proximate analysis, and physico-thermal and emission properties were evaluated. Beema bamboo and O. abyssinica have high Hydrogen, organic and fixed Carbon contents and low quantities of ash, moisture content, volatile matter, Oxygen, Nitrogen and Sulphur. This will contribute to their heating values and low oxide emissions. Based on their High Heating Values (Beema bamboo = 23.22 MJ/kg; O. abyssinica = 23.26 MJ/kg), the species will be suitable for high energy-using applications. The Particulate Matter and Carbon Monoxide concentrations (Beema bamboo: 90 ug/m3 and 2.83 ppm respectively; O. abyssinica: 77.33 ug/m3 and 3.20 ppm respectively) are lower than the threshold (35000 ug/m3 and 9 ppm respectively) approved by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. These properties make the species good raw materials for solid biofuel which is safe for indoor use. Their use will contribute to reducing pressure on tropical forests for wood fuel and the health hazards associated with fossil fuel use., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2022 Boadu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)

Published
2022
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39. Socio-cultural factors influencing adolescent pregnancy in Ghana: a scoping review.

Author

Amoadu M, Ansah EW, Assopiah P, Acquah P, Ansah JE, Berchie E, Hagan D, and Amoah E

Subjects
Pregnancy, Adolescent, Child, Female, Humans, Ghana, Sex Education, Reproductive Health, Contraceptive Agents, Pregnancy in Adolescence
Abstract

Background: Adolescent pregnancy is a public health challenge that has well-defined causes, associated health risks, and social and economic consequences for adolescent, their families, communities, and society. The purpose of this scoping review is to summarize studies published on socio-cultural determinants of adolescent pregnancy in Ghana., Methods: Search for records was done in four major databases, including PubMed CENTRAL, Science Direct and JSTOR. Records from Google and Google Scholar were also added, and results and findings from published and unpublished studies were included. All the 22 studies that met the eligibility criteria, were critically appraised. The guidelines for conducting scoping reviews by Arksey and O'Malley were followed., Results: The result revealed that poverty, peer influence, low level of education, dysfunctional family, lack of communication between parents and their daughters, lack of sexual and reproductive health education, child marriage, coerced sex, misconception and non-usage of contraceptives, and decline in cultural values such as puberty rites and virginity inspection are some of the determinants of adolescent pregnancy in Ghana. The study also showed that there is a lack of high-quality observational studies that adjust for confounding variables., Conclusion: Interventions and policies should be designed to take into consideration the needs, context, and background of adolescents. Programmes to enhance adolescent reproductive health need to consider multilevel factors such as person, family, community, institutions, national, and global issues that affect such programmes., (© 2022. The Author(s).)

Published
2022
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40. Using photocaging for fast time-resolved structural biology studies.

Author

Monteiro DCF, Amoah E, Rogers C, and Pearson AR

Subjects
Animals, Humans, Protein Conformation, Light, Photochemical Processes, Proteins chemistry, X-Ray Diffraction methods
Abstract

Careful selection of photocaging approaches is critical to achieve fast and well synchronized reaction initiation and perform successful time-resolved structural biology experiments. This review summarizes the best characterized and most relevant photocaging groups previously described in the literature. It also provides a walkthrough of the essential factors to consider in designing a suitable photocaged molecule to address specific biological questions, focusing on photocaging groups with well characterized spectroscopic properties. The relationships between decay rates (k in s -1 ), quantum yields (ϕ) and molar extinction coefficients (ϵ max in M -1  cm -1 ) are highlighted for different groups. The effects of the nature of the photocaged group on these properties is also discussed. Four main photocaging scaffolds are presented in detail, o-nitrobenzyls, p-hydroxyphenyls, coumarinyls and nitrodibenzofuranyls, along with three examples of the use of this technology. Furthermore, a subset of specialty photocages are highlighted: photoacids, molecular photoswitches and metal-containing photocages. These extend the range of photocaging approaches by, for example, controlling pH or generating conformationally locked molecules., (open access.)

Published
2021
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41. Psychological impact of COVID-19 on health workers in Ghana: A multicentre, cross-sectional study.

Author

Ofori AA, Osarfo J, Agbeno EK, Manu DO, and Amoah E

Abstract

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has exacted an appreciable burden on health systems globally including adverse psychological impacts on health workers. This study sought to assess COVID-19-related fear, depression, anxiety and stress among hospital staff, potential factors that may help reduce its psychological effects and their personal coping strategies. The study will help to highlight the psychological impact of COVID-19 on Ghanaian health workers and indirectly serve as a needs assessment survey for input to support affected staff and the broader health system., Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among health workers in three hospitals in the Ashanti Region of Ghana from 11 July 2020 to 12 August 2020. Demographic data and scores from the validated DASS-21 and Fear of COVID-19 scales and two other scales developed de novo were entered from 272 self-administered questionnaires and analyzed for means, frequencies and proportions. Fisher's exact test analysis was done to ascertain associations between selected independent variables and depression, anxiety, stress and fear. Parametric and non-parametric tests were used to compare the mean and median scores of the outcome variables across the three study hospitals., Results and Conclusion: Over 40% of respondents had fear while 21.1%, 27.8% and 8.2% had depression, anxiety and stress, respectively. Positive attitudes from colleagues and the government's tax-free salary relief were some factors said to reduce the psychological effects while over half of participants indicated praying more often as a coping strategy. There is a need for the health system to recognize the presence of these adverse psychological effects in health workers and take pragmatic steps to address them., Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interests: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article., (© The Author(s) 2021.)

Published
2021
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42. Monoacylation of Symmetrical Diamines in Charge Microdroplets.

Author

Ansu-Gyeabourh E, Amoah E, Ganesa C, and Badu-Tawiah AK

Abstract

Monoacylation of symmetrical diamine is achieved when the primary α,ω-diamines (carbon numbers n = 3, 5 and 12) are diluted in ethyl acetate, and the resultant mixture is electrosprayed across a 10 mm distance in ambient air toward a mass spectrometer. The N-acylated product is formed in charged microdroplets without acidifying and activating agents and in the absence of heat. This result provided an insight into the orientation of the amines in the droplets, suggesting that the ester is activated to react with the amine at the droplet surface due to the high abundance of protons at the air-droplet interface.

Published
2021
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43. High-Throughput Mass Spectrometry Screening Platform for Discovering New Chemical Reactions under Uncatalyzed, Solvent-Free Experimental Conditions.

Author

Kulyk DS, Amoah E, and Badu-Tawiah AK

Abstract

A gas-phase high-throughput reaction screening platform was developed for the first time to study chemical structures of closely related functional groups and for the discovery of novel organic reaction pathways. Experiments were performed using the contained atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) source that enabled nonthermal, nonequilibrium plasma chemistry to be monitored by mass spectrometry (MS) in real time. This contained-APCI MS platform allowed an array of reagents to be tested, resulting in the studies of multiple gas-phase reactions in parallel. By exposing headspace vapor of the selected reagents to corona discharge, solvent-free Borsche-Drecsel cyclization reaction, Katritzky chemistry, and Paal-Knorr pyrrole synthesis were examined in the gas phase, outside the high vacuum environment of the mass spectrometer. A new radical-mediated hydrazine coupling reaction was also discovered, which provided a selective pathway to synthesize secondary amines without using a catalyst. The mechanisms of these atmospheric pressure gas-phase reactions were explored through the direct capture of intermediates and via comparison with the corresponding bulk solution and droplet-phase reactions.

Published
2020
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44. The Role of Lifestyle Factors in Controlling Blood Pressure among Hypertensive Patients in Two Health Facilities in Urban Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Author

Modey Amoah E, Esinam Okai D, Manu A, Laar A, Akamah J, and Torpey K

Abstract

Introduction: Despite efforts to combat hypertension by pharmacotherapy, hypertension control rates remain low. Lifestyle modifications of individuals diagnosed with hypertension have prospects for the prevention and control of hypertension. This study assessed the effect of modifiable lifestyle factors on blood pressure control among adults in urban Accra., Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 360 diagnosed hypertensive patients who were ≥18 years old, selected from two secondary-level referral hospitals in the Greater Accra Region, were interviewed. Demographic information, diet components, and exercise assessments as well as blood pressure measurements were taken. Chi-squared tests and binomial logistic regression were used to determine the association between demographic and lifestyle factors with blood pressure control. Area under the receiver-operator curves (AUROC) was used to identify lifestyle factors predicting optimal blood pressure control among patients diagnosed with hypertension., Results: Approximately 54.2% of participants had no knowledge of either causes or complications of hypertension. Similarly, 52.5% of patients that had not achieved blood pressure control lacked knowledge of causes or complications of hypertension. Longer time since diagnosis of 2-5 years (AOR = 0.08 (95% CI: 0.01-0.47)) and 6-10 years (AOR = 0.08 (95% CI: 0.01-0.50)) and diets, mainly composed of meat (AOR = 0.13 (95% CI: 0.02-0.70)) and starch (AOR = 0.14 (95% CI: 0.03-0.79)), predicted poor blood pressure control compared to patients diagnosed within a year and diets without meat and starch as main components, respectively. Additionally, engaging in some physical activity of 30 minutes to one hour (AOR = 5.64 (95% CI: 2.08-15.32)) and more than an hour (AOR = 11.38, 95% CI: 2.01-64.47)) predicted blood pressure control., Conclusion: The study concludes that increased physical activity, abstaining from alcohol and smoking, increased intake of fruits and vegetables, and reduced intake of carbohydrates, meat, and fat have a positive influence on blood pressure control. Lifestyle modifying factors have a key role in complementing pharmacotherapy in hypertension control., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2020 Emefa Modey Amoah et al.)

Published
2020
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45. Genotypic Characterization of Epstein Barr Virus in Blood of Patients with Suspected Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in Ghana.

Author

Ayee R, Ofori MEO, Tagoe EA, Languon S, Searyoh K, Armooh L, Bilson-Amoah E, Baidoo K, Kitcher E, Wright E, and Quaye O

Subjects
Adult, Case-Control Studies, DNA, Viral genetics, Epstein-Barr Virus Infections virology, Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens genetics, Female, Genotyping Techniques, Ghana, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma etiology, Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms etiology, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Viral Load, Viral Proteins genetics, Epstein-Barr Virus Infections complications, Herpesvirus 4, Human genetics, Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma virology, Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms virology
Abstract

Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is associated with Epstein Barr virus (EBV) infection. However different viral strains have been implicated in NPC worldwide. This study aimed to detect and characterize EBV in patients diagnosed with NPC in Ghana. A total of 55 patients diagnosed with NPC by CT scan and endoscopy were age-matched with 53 controls without a known oncological disease. Venous blood was collected from the study participants and DNA extracted from the blood samples. Detection of EBV and genotyping were done by amplifying Epstein Barr nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA-1) and Epstein Barr nuclear antigen 2 (EBNA-2), respectively, using specific primers. Viral load in patients and controls was determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. EBV positivity in controls (92%) was significantly greater than that of NPC patients (67%) (χ2 = 19.17, p < 0.0001), and viral infection was independent of gender (χ2 = 1.770, p = 0.1834). The predominant EBV genotypes in patients and controls were genotype 2 (52%) and genotype 1 (62%), respectively. Median EBV load was significantly higher in NPC patients than the control group ( p < 0.01). In summary, prevalence of EBV genotype 2 infection was higher in NPC patients than the control group. Assessment of EBV load may be used as a biomarker for the diagnosis of NPC.

Published
2020
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46. Public Health Surveillance for the Prevention of Pesticide-Related Illness in Illinois.

Author

Kyeremateng-Amoah E, Friedman L, Wahl M, and Forst L

Subjects
Databases, Factual, Demography, Emergency Service, Hospital statistics & numerical data, Environmental Exposure analysis, Female, Hospitalization statistics & numerical data, Humans, Illinois epidemiology, Male, Pesticides classification, Poison Control Centers statistics & numerical data, Poisoning epidemiology, Poisoning etiology, Public Health Surveillance, Severity of Illness Index, Environmental Exposure prevention & control, Environmental Exposure statistics & numerical data, Pesticides poisoning
Abstract

Objectives: There is no pesticide related illness (PRI) surveillance program in Illinois. This study examines the quality of state-based data sources for their ability to inform public health surveillance on PRI., Methods: We estimated the counts of PRI by probabilistic data linkage of hospital discharge, emergency department, and poison center databases from 2010 to 2015. We characterized identified PRI cases., Results: We identified 3867 unique cases of PRI and 6269 asymptomatic pesticide exposures. Out of the 3867 PRI cases, there were 1319 emergency department visits and 321 hospitalizations. We identified 13 deaths and 1640 major or moderate effects from PRI. Over half of ingestion related exposures occurred in children aged 0 to 4 years. Workers' compensation and Emergency Medical Service data were unusable., Conclusion: An effective public health surveillance on PRI requires reliable state data sources and cost-effective methods of assembling data from multiple sources.

Published
2020
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47. Blood pressure patterns and body mass index status in pregnancy: An assessment among women reporting for antenatal care at the Korle-Bu Teaching hospital, Ghana.

Author

Amoakoh-Coleman M, Ogum-Alangea D, Modey-Amoah E, Ntumy MY, Adanu RM, and Oppong SA

Subjects
Adult, Cohort Studies, Female, Ghana, Humans, Hypertension physiopathology, Obesity physiopathology, Pregnancy, Blood Pressure, Body Mass Index, Hospitals, Teaching organization & administration, Hypertension complications, Obesity complications, Pregnancy Complications physiopathology, Prenatal Care organization & administration
Abstract

Background: Maternal obesity in pregnancy has been linked with increased risk of pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH). In some tertiary referral hospitals in Ghana, PIH is the leading cause of institutional maternal mortality., Objective: To evaluate blood pressure changes during pregnancy amongst different body mass index (BMI) groups and how this relates to the risk of developing PIH., Methods: Women who had a dating ultrasound before 20 weeks gestation and registering for antenatal care at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital in Accra, between February and December 2013 and met the inclusion criteria were recruited into a cohort study. BMI was assessed at baseline. Blood pressure measurements were taken at (±2) 24, 28 and 36 weeks. Primary outcome measure of interest during follow-up was a diagnosis of PIH at these points. BP changes during follow up at the three points were measured. Descriptive analysis of baseline factors was carried out and compared for the BMI groups. Relative risk (RR) of PIH was estimated at 95% confidence interval., Results: Mean (SD) age for the 361 women was 30.9 (4.8) years. Incidence of PIH amongst the cohort was 10.5% (95% CI: 7.45% - 14.45%) and 40.4% and 33.0% of them were overweight and obese respectively at baseline. Pregnant women who were obese at baseline had a three-fold increased risk of PIH compared to those with normal BMI [RR = 3.01 (1.06-8.52), p = 0.04]., Conclusion: Obese women have a significantly increased risk of PIH. Women should be screened at booking for obesity status. Antenatal protocols should have interventions for prevention or early detection of obesity and management of obesity to improve outcomes.

Published
2017
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48. Regioselective 1,4-Conjugate Addition of Grignard Reagents to α,β-γ,δ-Dienones and α,β-γ,δ-Dienyl Thiol Esters.

Author

Amoah E and Dieter RK

Abstract

Alkyl Grignard reagents (Et, n Bu, i Pr, cyclohexyl), with the exception of t BuMgCl, undergo exclusive or exceptionally highly regioselective 1,4-addition reactions to α,β-γ,δ-unsaturated ketones, while aryl and heteroaryl Grignard reagents give mixed results ranging from exclusive 1,4-addition (1-naphthyl, 2-N-methylpyrrolyl) to regioselective 1,2-addition (2-furyl, 2:1). All alkyl, aryl, and heteroaryl Grignard reagents examined gave exclusive 1,4-addition reactions with α,β-γ,δ-unsaturated thiol esters, with the exception of t BuMgCl, which gave an 80:20 mixture of 1,4:1,6-addition products. The high chemo- and regioselectivity observed for these reactions is attributed to a radical or radical-like pathway for the alkyl Grignard reagents and possibly a carbanion pathway for aryl Grignard reagents. The α,γ-dienyl thiol esters provide for a one-pot tandem 1,4-addition-nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction sequence to afford 3-substituted 4-enone moieties.

Published
2017
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49. Gestational diabetes mellitus among women attending prenatal care at Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana.

Author

Oppong SA, Ntumy MY, Amoakoh-Coleman M, Ogum-Alangea D, and Modey-Amoah E

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Body Mass Index, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Ghana epidemiology, Glucose Tolerance Test, Hospitals, Teaching, Humans, Logistic Models, Middle Aged, Parity, Pregnancy, Prenatal Care, Risk Factors, Young Adult, Diabetes, Gestational epidemiology, Obesity complications, Overweight complications
Abstract

Objective: To determine the burden of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among pregnant women in Accra, Ghana., Methods: The present cross-sectional study enrolled women at 20-24 weeks of pregnancy attending their first prenatal clinic at Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, between March and November 2013. Participants underwent a 2-hour, 75-g oral glucose tolerance test between 24 and 28 weeks. The odds of GDM among different body mass index (BMI, calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters) groupings were calculated in a multiple logistic regression model., Results: Among 399 women screened, 37 (9.3%) had GDM. Compared with women with a BMI in the normal range (18.50-24.99), obese women (BMI >30.0) had an increased risk of GDM (odds ratio [OR] 2.98, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08-8.20; P=0.034]; overweight women (BMI 25.00-29.99) had a slightly elevated risk (OR 1.20, 95% CI 0.41-3.55; P=0.742). Maternal age, parity, education, employment status, place of residence, and previous pregnancy complications did not affect the risk of GDM., Conclusion: GDM was found in 10% of pregnant women in Accra. Women who were obese by 20-24 weeks of pregnancy had a significantly increased risk of GDM., (Copyright © 2015 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2015
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50. Laceration injuries and infections among workers in the poultry processing and pork meatpacking industries.

Author

Kyeremateng-Amoah E, Nowell J, Lutty A, Lees PS, and Silbergeld EK

Subjects
Animals, Cohort Studies, Humans, Poultry, Retrospective Studies, Sus scrofa, United States epidemiology, Food-Processing Industry, Lacerations epidemiology, Meat-Packing Industry, Occupational Diseases epidemiology, Occupational Injuries epidemiology, Skin Diseases, Bacterial epidemiology, Wound Infection epidemiology, Zoonoses epidemiology
Abstract

Background: Workers in poultry processing and pork meatpacking have high rates of acute injuries and chronic disease among. The presence of zoonotic pathogens in these workplaces may interact with injury., Methods: We investigated incidence of worker injuries, lacerations, and infections reported by 10 companies from 2004 to 2009 and calculated annual incidence rates by industry and company along with temporal trends and job-related risk factors., Results: Average annual mean total injury rates were 6.4 per 100 workers (poultry) and 13.2 per 100 workers (pork). Average annual mean rates for lacerations were 1.8 per 100 workers (poultry) and 1.9 per 100 (pork). Sharp tools and animal products were most frequently reported as sources for lacerations. Animal products were most frequently reported as sources of infected lacerations., Conclusions: The results indicate that these industries continue to have high injury rates. The results also suggest that zoonotic pathogens may be preventable health and safety risks., (© 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Published
2014
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