161 results on '"Amit Kundu"'
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2. Comparison of ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block and quadratus lumborum block for postoperative analgesia following laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy: A prospective randomized, double-blind study
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Kaushik Sengupta, Jitendra Ladhania, Amit Kundu, Titisa Sarkar Mitra, and Tuhin Mistry
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acute pain management ,laparoscopy ,nephrectomy ,postoperative analgesia ,quadratus lumborum block ,transversus abdominis plane block ,ultrasonography ,Anesthesiology ,RD78.3-87.3 - Abstract
Background and Aims: The application of ultrasound (USG)-guided interfascial plane blocks in transplant anesthesia is expanding. This study evaluates and compares the postoperative analgesic efficacy of USG-guided transversus abdominis plane block (TAPB) and quadratus lumborum block (QLB) in adult individuals undergoing laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy (LLDN). Materials and Methods: A hundred donors of either sex, aged 30–60 years, scheduled to undergo LLDN were randomly allocated into two groups. After completion of the LLDN, USG-guided unilateral TAPB and QLB were performed in lateral position in Groups A (n = 48) and B (n = 48), respectively. A volume of 20 ml of 0.375% ropivacaine was administered in both groups. Postextubation donors were shifted to the postanesthesia care unit (PACU). Heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and numeric rating scale (NRS) scores were recorded on arrival at PACU at the time of discharge from PACU. Subsequently, the donor was shifted to the intensive care unit, and the vitals and NRS scores (static and dynamic) were monitored postoperatively on the 2nd, 6th, 12th, 18th, and 24th h. Duration of analgesia and the number of donors who needed rescue analgesia were also noted. All the donors were observed for any side effects and complications. P
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- 2022
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3. Technology Adaptation and Survival of SMEs: A Longitudinal Study of Developing Countries
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Supriyo Das, Amit Kundu, and Arabinda Bhattacharya
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developing countries ,sme ,sustainability ,technological environment ,technology readiness ,Technology (General) ,T1-995 ,Management. Industrial management ,HD28-70 - Abstract
In the current era of internationalizing business activities and globalizating markets, technology has become an essential tool for enhancing market competitiveness. With globalization, a country's economic and business scenarios can change drastically. Many companies have seized on opportunities to pursue, and sometimes achieve economies of scale. Especially in some countries, however, the technological revolution creates significant challenges for small business entrepreneurs. Technological development plays a pivotal role in making small and medium enterprises (SMEs) competitive, as well as leading to sustainable growth. Under such circumstances, it is relevant to consider a country's technological environment for ways that can lead SMEs towards sustainable development. In the present study, we explore the impact of volatility in technological environments on the sustainability of SMEs in developing countries with emerging economies. We use the Global Competitive Index Report for the period 2012-2016, in which six parameters were applied to define the technological environment of developing nations. Two factors, namely, institutional capabilities and external capabilities emerged as significant factors according to factor analysis. We also studied the impact of emerging factors in new technological environments on the sustainability of SMEs in the specific time period using a regression analysis. The results indicate that both institutional capabilities and external capabilities become significant when time is taken as a selection variable. The highly significance of the time variable indicates the dynamism of today's technological environments. As well, institutional capabilities were found to have a strong impact on a business' sustainability, in comparison with external capabilities and the high level of technological volatility.
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- 2020
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4. An analysis of poverty among the informal workers of India
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Rajyasri ROY and Amit KUNDU
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informal sector ,labour market ,poverty ,india ,Business ,HF5001-6182 ,Economic theory. Demography ,HB1-3840 ,Economics as a science ,HB71-74 - Abstract
This paper using 68th round National Sample Survey of India data on Employment and Unemployment for 2011-2012 wants to investigate the incidence of poverty, acuteness of poverty and their determinants among the informal workers of India. It is shown that percentage of poverty has been lowest among the self-employed workers and highest among the informal workers in the formal sector in the rural area, while in the urban area the result is just the opposite. Although percentage of poverty-stricken workers has been higher in the rural area compared to that of the urban, acuteness of poverty has been the other way round. The determining factors of incidence of poverty and acuteness of poverty among the informal workers are general educational qualification, social groups, and sectors. These determining factors can be considered as important policy variables to reduce the incidence and acuteness of poverty among the informal workers of India.
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- 2020
5. Risk Assessment and Risk Reduction of Ptaquiloside in Bracken Fern
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Min Kook Kim, Ji Soo Kang, Amit Kundu, Hyung Sik Kim, and Byung-Mu Lee
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ptaquiloside ,bracken fern ,risk assessment ,risk reduction ,margin of exposure ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 - Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the optimal boiling time to reduce ptaquiloside (PTA) and to carry out a risk assessment for PTA, a representative toxic substance found in bracken fern (BF; Pteridium aquilinum), which is frequently consumed as food in East Asian countries. High-performance liquid chromatography showed that the concentration of PTA in BF was reduced by up to 99% after boiling for 20 min. Risk assessment results showed that the cancer margin of exposure (MOE; ≥ 25,000 = safe) to PTA for an average daily exposure scenario after boiling BF for 20 min was considered safe. In addition, the non-cancer MOE (≥ 300 = safe) to PTA under an average daily exposure scenario after BF boiling for 20 min was considered safe. However, human exposure to PTA was considered unsafe under the non-boiled BF exposure and maximum daily exposure scenarios. Therefore, boiling BF for at least 20 min is recommended before consumption, to reduce exposure to PTA as much as possible.
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- 2023
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6. Observational case studies of treatment of skin disorders with natural phages in Ganga water
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Bharat Jhunjhunwala, Rakesh Kumar Bhatnagar, Ashutosh Shukla, Sanjay Kumar, Amit Patel, Jyotsana Khattri, Amit Kundu, and Madhvi Sanwelka
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Dermatology ,RL1-803 - Abstract
Background: Skin conditions have multiple causes. Natural phages in the Ganga River have bactericidal qualities against a number of bacterial infections, which help resolve skin conditions. Materials and Methods: We collected water from upper reaches of the Ganga River where the number of isolates of phages was more than 200 according to a study of the National Environmental Engineering Institute, Nagpur. The water was collected in May 2020 before the onset of monsoons and stored with sediments so that the phages adsorbed in the sediments cleaned up the overlaying column of water of all coliforms. We supplied the water by post to a number of volunteers who took the water through oral, topical or nasal route as per their convenience. Thirty-nine of the 52 volunteers provided data by telephone on their skin conditions on which this study is based. Results: The results show that an improvement of 1.7 on Likert Scale of 1-10 is obtained on skin conditions as per assessment of the volunteers after a treatment of 100 days. Further improvement of 1.0 on Likert Scale was reported after 85 days of stoppage of treatment. Conclusions: Natural phages of Ganga river could provide an inexpensive treatment not only for skin conditions but other comorbidities as well because skin conditions have multiple causes and phages of Ganga water may work at multiple levels.
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- 2021
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7. Tenovin-1 Ameliorates Renal Fibrosis in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Diabetic Nephropathy via Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Pathways
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Amit Kundu, Sreevarsha Gali, Swati Sharma, Jae Hyeon Park, So Young Kyung, Sam Kacew, In Su Kim, Kwang Youl Lee, and Hyung Sik Kim
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high-fat diet ,diabetic nephropathy ,Tenovin-1 ,oxidative stress ,renal fibrosis ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity has been involved in the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Tenovin-1, a potent selective SIRT1/2 inhibitor, regulates various target proteins. The present study evaluated the protective effect of Tenovin-1 against renal fibrosis in HFD-induced Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. Rats were fed a normal chow diet or HFD. Tenovin-1 (45 mg/kg) administered to HFD-fed rats decreased inflammatory cytokine expression in the serum of the rats. The antioxidant status and oxidative damage to lipids or DNA were significantly restored by Tenovin-1. Additionally, Tenovin-1 reduced the levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (sCr), microalbumin, and urinary protein-based biomarkers in the urine of HFD-fed rats. The abnormal architecture of the kidney and pancreas was restored by Tenovin-1 administration. Tenovin-1 also reduced apoptosis in the kidneys of the HFD-fed rats and HG-treated NRK-52E cells. It significantly lowered the levels of ECM proteins in the kidneys of HFD-fed rats and HG-treated NRK-52E cells. Additionally, Tenovin-1 markedly reduced claudin-1, SIRT1, and SIRT2, but increased SIRT3 and SIRT4 in HFD-fed rats and NRK-52E cells treated with HG. Furthermore, Tenovin-1 altered epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGFR-β), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) levels in the kidneys of HFD-fed rats. Conclusively, this study shows that Tenovin-1 can be a potential candidate drug for the treatment of HFD-induced renal fibrosis, in vivo and in vitro models.
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- 2022
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8. Molineria recurvata Ameliorates Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Nephropathy through Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Pathways
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Prasanta Dey, Amit Kundu, Ha Eun Lee, Babli Kar, Vineet Vishal, Suvakanta Dash, In Su Kim, Tejendra Bhakta, and Hyung Sik Kim
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Molineria recurvata ,diabetic nephropathy ,urinary biomarkers ,inflammation ,oxidative stress ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
Molineria recurvata (MR) has been traditionally used to manage diabetes mellitus in India. However, the molecular mechanism of MR on the diabetic-induced nephropathy has not been clearly investigated. Thus, this study investigates the protective effects of the MR extract on nephropathy in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was instigated by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (45 mg/kg) in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Once the diabetes was successfully induced, the MR extract (200 mg/kg/day) or metformin (200 mg/kg/day) was orally administered for 14 days. Renal function, morphology changes and levels of inflammatory cytokines were measured. Blood glucose concentrations were considerably reduced in STZ-induced diabetic rats following treatment with the MR extract. The administration of the MR extract substantially restored the abnormal quantity of the oxidative DNA damage marker 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxy-guanosine (8-OHdG), malondialdehyde, glutathione, oxidized glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). The urinary excretion of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), selenium binding protein 1 (SBP1), and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) was significantly reduced in diabetes rats after administration of the MR extracts. In the kidneys of STZ-induced diabetic rats, the MR extracts markedly downregulated the expression of fibronectin, collagen-1, and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). In particular, the MR extracts markedly increased the level of SIRT1 and SIRT3 and reduced claudin-1 in the kidney. These results suggest that the MR extracts exhibits therapeutic activity in contrast to renal injury in STZ-induced diabetic rats through repressing inflammation and oxidative stress.
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- 2022
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9. PKM2 Knockdown Induces Autophagic Cell Death via AKT/mTOR Pathway in Human Prostate Cancer Cells
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Prasanta Dey, Amit Kundu, Richa Sachan, Jae Hyeon Park, Mee Young Ahn, Kyungsil Yoon, Jaewon Lee, Nam Deuk Kim, In Su Kim, Byung Mu Lee, and Hyung Sik Kim
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Physiology ,QP1-981 ,Biochemistry ,QD415-436 - Published
- 2019
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10. Novel structured diacylglycerol (DAG) rich oleo formulations activate the Nrf2 pathway and impedes NF-κB translocation to mitigate pre-clinical conditions of hypertension
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Kankana Das, Amit Kundu, Sanmoy Karmakar, and Mahua Ghosh
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Hypertension ,Renal oxidative stress ,DAG ,MCFAs ,Caprylic acid (C8:0) and Capric acid (C10:0) ,Nutraceutical ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
The objective of the present work was to assess the ameliorative potential of two novel edible diacylglycerol oil-formulations comprising caprylic acid, C8:0 or capric acid, C10:0 in treating CdCl2 induced in vivo hypertension at molecular level.Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (1) control; (2) DAG oil-treated group (2 gm/day DAG oil); (3) hypertensive group (1.0 mg/kg of CdCl2 for 2 weeks, i. p); and (4) hypertensive/DAG oil-treated group (2 gm/day DAG oil) (14 days). Hematological, biochemical and molecular parametric tools were performed to evaluate the protective efficacy of DAG oils against CdCl2-induced hypertension. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) measured non-invasively using BIOPAC-MP36 system (BIOPAC System Inc., USA). It was found that the pretreatment of DAG oil provided a significant improvement in renal antioxidant status, reduced the lipid peroxidation and the levels of inflammatory markers that were aggravated due to induced CdCl2-toxicity. Further, results of protein expression showed that DAG oil pretreatment normalized the renal expression of Nrf2/Keap1 and its downstream regulatory proteins in CdCl2-treated rat kidney. DAG oils also effectively attenuated CdCl2-induced renal apoptosis by the up-regulation of anti-apoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2 and down-regulation of Bax, caspase-3, caspase-9 and Cytochrome c. Histological and immunohistochemical observations provided further evidence that the DAG oils effectively protected the kidney from CdCl2-mediated oxidative damage. The results suggest that DAG oils ameliorated CdCl2-induced oxidative renal injury by activating the Nrf2/Mn-SOD pathway and inhibiting the ROS/NF-κB pathway. Evidences have revealed that Cy-DAG exhibited better efficacy than the Cp-DAG against induced hypertensive conditions.
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- 2020
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11. Synthesis of TMPA Derivatives through Sequential Ir(III)-Catalyzed C–H Alkylation and Their Antidiabetic Evaluation
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Suk Hun Lee, Amit Kundu, Sang Hoon Han, Neeraj Kumar Mishra, Kyeong Seok Kim, Myung Hoon Choi, Ashok Kumar Pandey, Jung Su Park, Hyung Sik Kim, and In Su Kim
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Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Published
- 2018
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12. In vitro antioxidant activities of root extract of Asparagus racemosus Linn.
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D.S. Karuna, Prasanta Dey, Shibu Das, Amit Kundu, and Tejendra Bhakta
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Asparagus racemosus ,Antioxidant activity ,HPTLC ,Acute toxicity ,Free radical ,Medicine - Abstract
Objective: The purpose of the study is to investigate potential of antioxidant property of ethanolic root extract of Asparagus racemosus Linn (EEAR). Methods: In vitro evaluation antioxidant property of EEAR was done using various methods like DPPH scavenging activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, and nitric oxide scavenging activity. HPTLC fingerprint analysis was performed for qualitative determination of possible number of components from the ethanolic extract. Acute toxicity study was performed in Wistar rat and an OECD guideline 423 was followed. Results: The yield value was found 0.96% from EEAR. A concentration of 468.57 ± 3.002 μg/ml of probable antioxidant material from EEAR was required to scavenge 50% of DPPH. The IC50 value of EEAR were found to be 508.17 ± 7.37 μg and 416.57 ± 5.08 μg when determined by hydroxyl radical and nitric oxide scavenging assay respectively. The reducing powers of EEAR was 0.295 ± 0.0037 at 125 μg/ml and increased to 0.934 ± 0.0005 at 500 μg/ml. HPTLC fingerprint data supports several basic informations like isolation, purification, quality evaluation and standardization. No sign of toxicity was observed after treated with 2000 mg/kg of EEAR. Conclusion: The obtained data highlight the potential role of EEAR as a source of natural antioxidants.
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- 2018
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13. Biological Evaluation of Oxindole Derivative as a Novel Anticancer Agent against Human Kidney Carcinoma Cells
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Prasanta Dey, Amit Kundu, Sang Hoon Han, Kyeong-Seok Kim, Jae Hyeon Park, Sungpil Yoon, In Su Kim, and Hyung Sik Kim
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oxindole derivative ,apoptosis ,autophagy ,glycolysis ,tumor xenograft ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma has emerged as one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in the USA. Here, we examined the anticancer profile of oxindole derivatives (SH-859) in human renal cancer cells. Targeting 786-O cells by SH-859 inhibited cell growth and affected the protein kinase B/mechanistic target of rapamycin 1 pathway, which in turn downregulated the expression of glycolytic enzymes, including lactate dehydrogenase A and glucose transporter-1, as well as other signaling proteins. Treatment with SH-859 altered glycolysis, mitochondrial function, and levels of adenosine triphosphate and cellular metabolites. Flow cytometry revealed the induction of apoptosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in renal cancer cells following SH-859 treatment. Induction of autophagy was also confirmed after SH-859 treatment by acridine orange and monodansylcadaverine staining, immunocytochemistry, and Western blot analyses. Finally, SH-859 also inhibited the tumor development in a xenograft model. Thus, SH-859 can serve as a potential molecule for the treatment of human renal carcinoma.
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- 2020
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14. EX-527 Prevents the Progression of High-Fat Diet-Induced Hepatic Steatosis and Fibrosis by Upregulating SIRT4 in Zucker Rats
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Amit Kundu, Prasanta Dey, Jae Hyeon Park, In Su Kim, Seung Jun Kwack, and Hyung Sik Kim
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EX-527 ,fatty liver ,liver fibrosis ,inflammation ,SIRT4 ,Cytology ,QH573-671 - Abstract
Sirtuin (SIRT) is known to prevent nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); however, the role of SIRT4 in the progression of hepatic fibrosis remains unknown. We hypothesize that EX-527, a selective SIRT1 inhibitor, can inhibit the progression of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hepatic fibrosis. We found that SIRT4 expression in the liver of NAFLD patients is significantly lower than that in normal subjects. In this study, EX-527 (5 µg/kg), administered to HFD rats twice a week for ten weeks, reduced the serum levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and attenuated hepatic fibrosis evidenced by Masson’s trichrome and hepatic fat by oil red-O staining. EX-527 upregulated SIRT2, SIRT3, and SIRT4 expression in the liver of HFD fed rats but downregulated transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression. It decreased proinflammatory cytokine production and hydroxyproline levels in the serum and SMAD4 expression and restored apoptotic protein (Bcl-2, Bax, and cleaved caspase-3) expression. These data propose a critical role for the SIRT4/SMAD4 axis in hepatic fibrogenesis. SIRT4 upregulation has the potential to counter HFD-induced lipid accumulation, inflammation, and fibrogenesis. We demonstrate that EX-527 is a promising candidate in inhibiting the progression of HFD-induced liver fibrosis.
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- 2020
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15. Dendropanax morbifera Protects against Renal Fibrosis in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
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Richa Sachan, Amit Kundu, Prasanta Dey, Ji Yeon Son, Kyeong Seok Kim, Da Eun Lee, Hae Ri Kim, Jae Hyeon Park, Su Hyun Lee, Jung-Hwan Kim, Shugeng Cao, Byung Mu Lee, Jong Hwan Kwak, and Hyung Sik Kim
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dendropanax morbifera ,streptozotocin ,diabetic nephropathy ,inflammation ,oxidative stress ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
The aquatic extract of Dendropanax morbifera (DP) is typically consumed as a beverage in Korea and China and is also used in various traditional medicines. However, the functional role of DP on diabetes-induced renal fibrosis is unclear. Here, the protective effects of DP extract against diabetes-induced renal fibrosis were evaluated. Streptozotocin (STZ, 60 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally in rats to induce diabetes. After 5 days, DP extract (25 mg/kg/day) and metformin (50 mg/kg/day) were administered orally to diabetic rats for 28 days. DP administration protected both body and organ weight loss in STZ-treated diabetic rats. Significant improvements in serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and oxidative stress parameters were observed in diabetic rats by DP administration. DP extract markedly protected diabetic-induced histopathological damages in the kidney and pancreas. A significant reduction was observed in microalbumin, kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), selenium binding protein-1 (SBP1), and pyruvate kinase muscle isozyme M2 (PKM2) levels in the urinary excretion of diabetic rats after the administration of DP extract. The expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and fibrosis marker levels were significantly reduced in the kidney of diabetic rats. Our results strongly indicate that DP extract exhibits protective activity against diabetes-induced renal fibrosis through ameliorating oxidative stress and inflammation. Therefore, we suggest that DP extract can be used as a preventive agent on the progression of diabetic nephropathy and renal fibrosis.
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- 2020
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16. Knockdown of Pyruvate Kinase M2 Inhibits Cell Proliferation, Metabolism, and Migration in Renal Cell Carcinoma
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Prasanta Dey, Ji Yeon Son, Amit Kundu, Kyeong Seok Kim, Yura Lee, Kyungsil Yoon, Sungpil Yoon, Byung Mu Lee, Ki Taek Nam, and Hyung Sik Kim
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pyruvate kinase m2 ,autophagy ,metabolism ,migration ,invasion ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that the activity of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) isoform is crucial for the survival of tumor cells. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the function of PKM2 in renal cancer is undetermined. Here, we reveal the overexpression of PKM2 in the proximal tubule of renal tumor tissues from 70 cases of patients with renal carcinoma. The functional role of PKM2 in human renal cancer cells following small-interfering RNA-mediated PKM2 knockdown, which retarded 786-O cell growth was examined. Targeting PKM2 affected the protein kinase B (AKT)/mechanistic target of the rapamycin 1 (mTOR) pathway, and downregulated the expression of glycolytic enzymes, including lactate dehydrogenase A and glucose transporter-1, and other downstream signaling key proteins. PKM2 knockdown changed glycolytic metabolism, mitochondrial function, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level, and intracellular metabolite formation and significantly reduced 786-O cell migration and invasion. Acridine orange and monodansylcadaverine staining, immunocytochemistry, and immunoblotting analyses revealed the induction of autophagy in renal cancer cells following PKM2 knockdown. This is the first study to indicate PKM2/AKT/mTOR as an important regulatory axis mediating the changes in the metabolism of renal cancer cells.
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- 2019
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17. Organic Cultivation of Tomato in India with Recycled Slaughterhouse Wastes: Evaluation of Fertilizer and Fruit Safety
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Malancha Roy, Rimi Das, Amit Kundu, Sanmoy Karmakar, Satadal Das, Pradip Kumar Sen, Anupam Debsarcar, and Joydeep Mukherjee
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Slaughterhouse ,organic fertilizer ,tomato ,pathogen ,lycopene ,heavy metal ,nitrate ,nitrite ,mutagen ,sub-acute toxicity ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Environmental and health safety of recycled slaughterhouse wastes-derived fertilizer and the produce obtained through its application is not well understood. Waste bovine blood and rumen digesta were mixed, cooked and sun-dried to obtain bovine-blood-and-rumen-digesta-mixture (BBRDM, NPK 30.36:1:5.75). 1.26 ± 0.18 log CFU mL−1 fecal coliforms were recovered in BBRDM. E. coli O157:H7, Mycobacteria, Clostridium sp., Salmonella sp., Bacillus sp. and Brucella sp. were absent. No re-growth of pathogens was observed after 60 days storage in sealed bags and in the open. However, prions and viruses were not evaluated. Heavy metals (Pb, Cr, Cd, Cu, Zn, As, Ni, Mn) concentrations in BBRDM were within internationally permissible limits. BBRDM was applied for field cultivation of tomato during 2012–2013 and 2013–2014. Lycopene and nitrate contents of BBRDM-grown tomatoes were higher than Diammonium phosphate (DAP) + potash-grown tomatoes because BBRDM supplied 2.5 times more the amount of nitrogen than DAP (NPK 18:46:0) + potash (NPK 0:0:44). Heavy metals and nitrate/nitrite concentrations in tomatoes were within internationally acceptable limits. BBRDM-grown tomatoes showed no mutagenic activity in the Ames test. Sub-acute toxicity tests on Wistar rats fed with BBRDM-grown tomatoes did not show adverse clinical picture. Thus, no immediate environmental or health risks associated with BBRDM and the tomatoes produced were identified.
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- 2015
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18. Rationalized design, synthesis and pharmacological screening of amino acid linked spiro pyrrolidino oxyindole analogs through environment friendly reaction
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Sanjit Kumar Das, Sanjib Bhattacharya, and Amit Kundu
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Cycloaddition reaction ,isatin ,MTT assay ,spiro pyrrolidino oxindole ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
Introduction: The development of newer synthetic approaches toward the synthesis of polynuclear heteroaromatics and their application in the synthesis of some biologically active compounds has been discussed in this study. Materials and Methods: The synthesis of novel spiro pyrrolidino oxindoles was performed for the construction of amino acid linked polynuclear heteroaromatics by cycloaddition reaction. This reaction method is one of the most important methods for the construction of spiro pyrrolidino oxindole from the commercially available starting material isatin. Then the synthesized compounds were subjected for evaluation of nitric oxide scavenging and cytotoxic effects against tumor cell lines. Results: All the six synthesized compounds demonstrated promising antioxidant and cytotoxic effects in vitro. Conclusion: Form the present study, it can be concluded that the synthesized compounds are fruitful in terms of their chemical purity, structural novelty, marked biological activities (antioxidant and cytotoxic) in vitro and last of all the lucid and picturesque synthetic methodology to synthesize the molecules in a in a non-hazardous and environmental friendly way.
- Published
- 2013
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19. Government-sponsored microfinance program: Joint liability vs. individual liability
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Arghya Kusum Mukherjee and Amit Kundu
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cooperative game ,non-cooperative game ,microfinance ,Finance ,HG1-9999 ,Economic theory. Demography ,HB1-3840 - Abstract
Swarnajayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) is a government-sponsored microfinance program. The scheme is based on four features: group lending with joint liability, progressive lending, back-ended subsidy, and social capital. We propose a new model of SGSY having these features: group lending with individual liability, progressive lending, back-ended subsidy, and social capital. “Joint liability” clause of the existing model is replaced with individual liability in the new model. The paper shows that problem of adverse selection is removed in both models, i.e. in “SGSY with group lending and joint liability” and “SGSY with group lending and individual liability.” The problem of “moral hazard” is more severe in the existing model of SGSY compared with the proposed model of SGSY. Borrowers are also benefitted from participation in the proposed scheme of SGSY than that in the existing model of SGSY.
- Published
- 2014
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20. Measurement dependence in tripartite non-locality.
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Sk Sahadat Hossain, Mostak Kamal Molla, Amit Kundu, Biswajit Paul, Indrani Chattopadhyay, and Debasis Sarkar
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- 2024
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21. Measurement dependence in tripartite non-locality
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Sk, Sk Sahadat Hossain, primary, Molla, Mostak Kamal Molla, additional, Kundu, Amit Kundu, additional, Paul, Biswajit Paul, additional, Chattopadhyay, Indrani Chattopadhyay, additional, and Sarkar, Debasis Sarkar, additional
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- 2024
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22. Protective effect of dendropanoxide against cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity via anti-inflammatory activities in Sprague-Dawley rats
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Sreevarsha Gali, Swati Sharma, Amit Kundu, Eunah Lee, Joo Hee Han, Joo Kyung Shin, Ji Soo Choi, So Young Kyung, Jae-Sung Kim, and Hyung Sik Kim
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Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Toxicology - Published
- 2023
23. Dendropanoxide Alleviates Thioacetamide-induced Hepatic Fibrosis via Inhibition of ROS Production and Inflammation in BALB/C Mice
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Amit Kundu, Sreevarsha Gali, Swati Sharma, Sam Kacew, Sungpil Yoon, Hye Gwang Jeong, Jong Hwan Kwak, and Hyung Sik Kim
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Cell Biology ,Molecular Biology ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Developmental Biology - Published
- 2023
24. Consumption Nature of Indian Informal Workers: Engel’s Law Revisited
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Rajyasri Roy and Amit Kundu
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General Medicine - Abstract
The level of informal employment in the Indian labor market shows the importance of investigating the nature of consumption among informal workers and determining the budget share among them. The Working-Leser model is used to identify the necessary and luxury goods among Indian informal workers. The budget share of food and non-food items among them will help us to validate Engel’s law. Informal workers are divided into three categories: self-employed workers, employees in the informal sector, and informal employees in the formal sector. Using the 68th round of the National Sample Survey data on Indian Employment and Unemployment for 2011–2012, we find food items, addictive items (e.g., alcohol and tobacco products), entertainment items, fuel, lights, and other non-food items are necessary, while health, education, jewellery and personal transport are luxury items for all types of informal workers in India. Engel’s law is therefore validated among the informal workers. The policy recommendation is that the government needs to spend more on health and education for informal workers. Spending more on these would not only improve the skills and efficiency of workers but also reduce their vulnerability.
- Published
- 2022
25. Enhancement of Farm Income among the Marginal Farmers in West Bengal, India: Importance of Micro-Credit and Co-Operative Farming
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Amit Kundu and Pubali Goswami
- Subjects
General Medicine - Abstract
This paper, based on a field investigation in rural West Bengal, aims to identify possible ways which can enhance the farm income of marginal farmers. It is observed that the micro-credit system under a joint liability credit contract can play a dominant role during the time of disbursement of institutional farm credit, but the availability and size of this credit mainly depend on the operational holdings of the farm households. It is also observed that institutional credit, which is mainly provided through a micro-credit system, helps the beneficiary farmers to utilize their operational holdings optimally by enhancing their cropping intensity and or crop diversification. This creates a positive impact on their net farm income. It is also proved that the size of operational holdings creates a positive impact on the net farm income of the marginal farmer households at an increasing rate, which establishes the importance of cooperative farming through forming farmer’s groups at the ground level.
- Published
- 2022
26. Determinants of Enrolment of Girl Children in Primary Education in Rural India: A Region-based Analysi
- Author
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Puja Biswas and Amit Kundu
- Subjects
Economics and Econometrics ,Human Factors and Ergonomics ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) - Abstract
This paper investigates the factors which can influence overall enrolment and girls’ enrolment in primary education in rural India. Based on the 2011 Census, 352 rural people-dominated districts of 16 major states of India are identified. Due to sociocultural differences among rural Indian people, the states are divided into four regions based on their geographical locations. Initially, after constructing School Grant Coverage Index through principal component analysis and with the help of the General Entropy Measure of Inequality, it is observed that the coverage of grants in public primary schools has enhanced and inequality in terms of receiving government grants has decreased over time in rural India. Results based on the static panel regression model depict that midday meal and teaching–learning material grants influence overall enrolment only in the Northern and Eastern regions of rural India. Similarly, midday meals, school development grants and father’s education influence girl’s enrolment in Eastern, Western and Northern regions but failed to influence in Southern regions of India. The availability of female teachers positively influences girls’ enrolment in primary school attainment in Eastern, Western and Southern regions of India. We have also found that parents are more interested to admit their girl child to public primary schools in rural areas.
- Published
- 2022
27. A 0.7V, 2.35% 3σ-Accuracy Bandgap Reference in 12nm CMOS.
- Author
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Yi-Wen Chen, Jaw-Juinn Horng, Chin-Ho Chang, Amit Kundu, Yung-Chow Peng, and Mark Chen
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Strategic uncertainty management in Indian organisations.
- Author
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Amit Kundu
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Novel thermally insulated ultra‐lightweight fireproof and high impact resistance advanced hybrid composite
- Author
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Jennifer Vinodhini, Sudheendra K, Shantanu Bhowmik, Srikrishnan AR, Prakash D. Trivedi, Jaimin C. Zaveri, and Amit Kundu
- Subjects
Polymers and Plastics ,Materials Chemistry ,General Chemistry - Published
- 2022
30. New monogamy relations for multiqubit systems.
- Author
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Priyabrata Char, Prabir Kumar Dey, Amit Kundu, Indrani Chattopadhyay, and Debasis Sarkar
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. An ultra-compact, untrimmed CMOS bandgap reference with 3σ inaccuracy of +0.64% in 16nm FinFET.
- Author
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Chin-Ho Chang, Jaw-Juinn Horng, Amit Kundu, Chih-Chiang Chang, and Yung-Chow Peng
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Practitioners’ perspectives on the marketing strategies in Indian banking sector: a framework for strategy formulation
- Author
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Archita Pal Choudhury, Amit Kundu, Dev Narayan Sarkar, and Arabinda Bhattacharya
- Subjects
Marketing ,Finance - Published
- 2022
33. Investment Opportunities in International Markets: An Optimum Portfolio Analysis for the Tokyo Stock Exchange
- Author
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Shubham Sah and Amit Kundu
- Abstract
The article aims to find out the opportunity for investors to reduce the risk of their portfolio by diversifying their investment in Japan’s stock market. In this regard, fifteen securities from Tokyo Stock Exchange (TSE) have been selected from 2016-2021. To conduct the research, a selection of the most integrated portfolio has been proposed in this paper. In terms of statistics, co-variance, correlation, expected return, risk and Sharpe ratio of these securities, across different portfolios are evaluated and the optimum one is selected, which ultimately maximizes the returns for investors and minimizes the risk of their portfolio. The results indicate that the optimum portfolio gives the highest expected return of 31.97 with taking the minimum risk of 15.61, along with the highest Sharpe ratio of 2.04. So, a rational investor should invest his money in such a portfolio to avail the benefits of global portfolio diversification.
- Published
- 2022
34. A comparative Studies of Physio Chemical Properties of Linen Yarn Dyed Fabric Dyed with Reactive & Vat Dye
- Author
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Amit kundu
- Abstract
This paper investigates the physio-chemical properties of yarn dyed linen fabric dyed with reactive & vat dye. The mechanical & chemical properties such as tear strength, tensile strength, seam strength, pilling, colour fastness to washing, perspiration and rubbing of those fabrics were investigated and compared with each other after making reactive & vat yarn dyed linen fabric keeping same shade%, yarn count, epi, ppi& gsm. It is claimed to bring many advantages of linen fabric quality for future. When the results were studied, it was observed that the mechanical properties like tear strength, tensile strength was found higher in yarn dyed vat linen fabric than yarn dyed reactive linen fabric& in case of colour fastness to wash & perspiration, yarn dyed vat linen fabric shows good colour fastness than yarn dyed reactive linen fabric &yarn dyed reactive linen fabric gives better rubbing fastness than yarn dyed vat linen fabric.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Geometric Brownian Motion & Nifty 50 Index: A Confirmation from National Stock Exchange
- Author
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Amit Kundu
- Abstract
In this research article Geometric Brownian Motion model is used to forecast. It is more accurate model in compare to other models. Investors can take shelter of this model for their investment’s decision. K-S test & Q-Q plot method are used for the normality test. Simulation is used by using GBM equation. MAPE is designed to decide the forecast accuracy. It is found that Geometric Brownian Motion is a good model for forecasting with MAPE 0.018.
- Published
- 2021
36. Analysis of Portfolio Selection Model in Indian Stock Market
- Author
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Shubham Sah, Amit Kundu, and Anil Kumar Goyal
- Published
- 2021
37. Women’s Participation in Higher Education in India: An Analysis Across Major States
- Author
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Sanghita Ghosh and Amit Kundu
- Subjects
Economics and Econometrics ,Gender equality ,Higher education ,business.industry ,050204 development studies ,05 social sciences ,050301 education ,Human Factors and Ergonomics ,Political science ,0502 economics and business ,Demographic economics ,business ,0503 education ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Panel data - Abstract
Women’s participation in higher education is an important pathway towards gender equality in economy and society. This article examines their participation levels in higher education across major Indian states and explores the underlying factors in the disparity between states. It employs two indicators, namely, Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) of Females and Gender Parity Index (GPI) to measure the absolute and relative participation of women in the higher education, from 2011 to 2019. The comparative statistical analysis of these parameters for the 16 major states shows that they perform poorly in postgraduation and technical education courses. However, they are better placed in GPI at undergraduation level. Further, they appear to be moving towards gender parity with recent increases in enrolment of girls in higher education. On the basis of fixed-effect panel data regression, it is found that significant share of female teachers, higher per capita state domestic product (a proxy for per-capita income) and availability of colleges and girls’ hostels are playing important roles to contributing to the GER of females and GPI in higher education in India.
- Published
- 2021
38. Occupational Diversification as Livelihood Strategy Among the Agricultural Labour Households of West Bengal, India
- Author
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Amit Kundu and Sangita Das
- Subjects
Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management ,business.industry ,050204 development studies ,05 social sciences ,Diversification (marketing strategy) ,Livelihood ,Agriculture ,0502 economics and business ,Industrial relations ,West bengal ,050207 economics ,Business and International Management ,Socioeconomics ,business - Abstract
It is now difficult for an agricultural-labour household to get employment as agricultural labourers throughout the year. So, this type of household for survival purposes has to depend on diversified occupations when sometimes only the household head participates and sometimes more than one able-bodied household member participate. Based on a village-level field investigation in West Bengal, the article explores that possibility to keep an agricultural labour household above the poverty line will be more effective if more than one adult member participates in different types of occupations throughout the year. Except this, other possible determinants which can play an effective role to keep an agricultural-labour household above the poverty line are higher operational land among the marginal farmer household who are also working as hired agricultural labour in others’ land and accessibility of microcredit for income-generating activity for the female member(s) of a household from self-help groups (SHGs).
- Published
- 2021
39. A Decision Support System for Environment-Friendly Sustainable Model of IT Service Sector Industries
- Author
-
Ipsita Saha, Amit Kundu, and Sadhan Kumar Ghosh
- Published
- 2022
40. Waste Management Strategy of SME Sector towards Environmental Sustainability
- Author
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Ipsita Saha, Amit Kundu, and Sadhan Kumar Ghosh
- Published
- 2022
41. Specific Pyruvate Kinase M2 Inhibitor, Compound 3K, Induces Autophagic Cell Death through Disruption of the Glycolysis Pathway in Ovarian Cancer Cells
- Author
-
So Young Kyung, Chunxue Jiang, Song Hee Lee, Su Hyun Lee, So Hyun Park, Jae Hyeon Park, Hyung Sik Kim, Amit Kundu, and Ye Seul Kim
- Subjects
autophagy ,Programmed cell death ,Cell Survival ,Autophagic Cell Death ,Pyruvate Kinase ,Antineoplastic Agents ,Adenocarcinoma ,PKM2 ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cell Line, Tumor ,medicine ,Humans ,Enzyme Inhibitors ,Molecular Biology ,Tumor Stem Cell Assay ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway ,Cell Proliferation ,030304 developmental biology ,Ovarian Neoplasms ,0303 health sciences ,Chemistry ,apoptosis ,Cell Biology ,medicine.disease ,Warburg effect ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,ovarian cancer ,Apoptosis ,Tumor progression ,Cancer cell ,Cancer research ,compound 3K ,Female ,pyruvate kinase M2 ,Ovarian cancer ,Research Paper ,Signal Transduction ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a common cause of death among gynecological cancers. Although ovarian cancer initially responds to chemotherapy, frequent recurrence in patients remains a therapeutic challenge. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) plays a pivotal role in regulating cancer cell survival. However, its therapeutic role remains unclear. Here, we investigated the anticancer effects of compound 3K, a specific PKM2 inhibitor, on the regulation of autophagic and apoptotic pathways in SK-OV-3 (PKM2-overexpressing human ovarian adenocarcinoma cell line). The anticancer effect of compound 3K was examined using MTT and colony formation assays in SK-OV-3 cells. PKM2 expression was positively correlated with the severity of the tumor, and expression of pro-apoptotic proteins increased in SK-OV-3 cells following compound 3K treatment. Compound 3K induced AMPK activation, which was accompanied by mTOR inhibition. Additionally, this compound inhibited glycolysis, resulting in reduced proliferation of SK-OV-3 cells. Compound 3K treatment suppressed tumor progression in an in vivo xenograft model. Our findings suggest that the inhibition of PKM2 by compound 3K affected the Warburg effect and induced autophagic cell death. Therefore, use of specific PKM2 inhibitors to block the glycolytic pathway and target cancer cell metabolism represents a promising therapeutic approach for treating PKM2-overexpressing ovarian cancer.
- Published
- 2021
42. Restructuring Organizations Through Innovation: a Study in the Context of the Indian Chemical Sector
- Author
-
Amit Kundu, Dev Narayan Sarkar, and Arabinda Bhattacharya
- Subjects
Economics and Econometrics - Published
- 2022
43. Evaluation of Decent Work Index for Informal Workers: An Empirical Study from Hooghly District, West Bengal, India
- Author
-
Amit Kundu and Breeta Banerjee
- Subjects
Economics and Econometrics ,Economic growth ,Index (economics) ,Informal sector ,Poverty ,050204 development studies ,05 social sciences ,0507 social and economic geography ,Human Factors and Ergonomics ,Empirical research ,Work (electrical) ,Inclusive development ,Political science ,0502 economics and business ,West bengal ,050703 geography ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) - Abstract
Decent work is considered to be crucial in the process of inclusive development and poverty alleviation in economies dominated by informal employment. This study is an attempt to understand decent work achievements of rural and urban informal workers of Hooghly district, West Bengal, India. The study uses the theoretical framework of seven work-based security dimensions from People’s Security Survey (by International Labour Organization) and constructs seven individual-level sub-indices and one composite individual-level decent work index using primary survey data. Then, it investigates the effect of the supply-side parameters on decent work using simple OLS regressions. The findings indicate ineffectiveness of education to improve decent work condition of informal workers in the absence of adequate skill-building initiatives. It also reveals the poor work condition of rural informal workers and self-employed workers in general. The study emphasises the need of vocationalisation of education and upgrading the quality of informal employment to achieve decent work.
- Published
- 2020
44. Adverse health risk from prolonged consumption of formaldehyde-preserved carps in eastern region of Indian population
- Author
-
Byung Mu Lee, Boomin Kim, Sanmoy Karmakar, Prasanta Kumar Dey, Sam Kacew, Rammohan Bera, Amit Kundu, Hyung Sik Kim, and Ratul Sarkar
- Subjects
Clarias gariepinus ,Veterinary medicine ,Preservative ,Carps ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Cyprinidae ,Formaldehyde ,India ,Anabas testudineus ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Animals ,Environmental Chemistry ,Ecotoxicology ,Carp ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,biology ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,Pollution ,Catla ,Rats ,Labeo ,Seafood ,chemistry - Abstract
Presence of formaldehyde as a preservative in commonly available fishes (Labeo rohita, Catla catla, Anabas testudineus and Clarias gariepinus) has become a serious health concern in the public health of eastern region of India. Formaldehyde content was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results showed high formaldehyde content in frozen carp (19.66 and 23.3 mg/kg in Labeo rohita and Catla catla, respectively); however, the amount of formaldehyde was significantly reduced in boiled and fried fish (80 °C and 100 °C for 5 min) in mustard, coconut, and sesame oils. However, formaldehyde contents in non-carp fishes (Anabas testudineus and Clarias gariepinus) were almost negligible, compared to those in L. rohita and C. catla. In vivo toxicity studies showed a time-dependent increase in blood formaldehyde levels in rats after they were fed formaldehyde-contaminated fish (23.3 mg/kg) for 7 days. Histopathological analysis of the stomach of rats fed contaminated fish showed destruction and granulation of the protective mucus layer and detachment from the secretory layer. Taken together, our results indicated that continuous consumption of formaldehyde-contaminated carps commonly available in the eastern region of India may be associated with adverse health effects.
- Published
- 2020
45. Sustainable agrarian subaltern development through technology intervention: an experimental study of the interventions by Indian Farmers Fertilizer Cooperative Limited
- Author
-
Amit Kundu, Dev Narayan Sarkar, and Arabinda Bhattacharya
- Subjects
education.field_of_study ,050208 finance ,Poverty ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Population ,Socioeconomic development ,Inclusive growth ,Subaltern ,Agricultural economics ,Agrarian society ,Agriculture ,0502 economics and business ,Business ,050207 economics ,education ,Productivity - Abstract
Farmers constitute a major portion of the subaltern population in agrarian economies like India. Sustainable agricultural practices are claimed to be the key to the social and economic advancement of subaltern farmers in India. The district of Murshidabad, in the state of West Bengal, India, is significant because of its crop variety, favorable agro-climatic situation, and its soil conditions. But surprisingly, more than thirty percent of its population lives below the poverty line. This indicates that the general agricultural conditions, which exist in this district, are not utilized optimally for the socioeconomic development of the farmers. The imbalanced use of fertilizers, coupled with a relatively lesser application of organics, has progressively degraded soil health, causing multi-nutrient deficiencies, as well as declining productivity. The present experiment is based on the All India Soil Rejuvenation and Crop Productivity Enhancement Project, a specific project under the aegis of the Indian Farmers Fertiliser Cooperative Limited (IFFCO), in the Murshidabad district. Since the present study was intended as an experiment, a control group of farmers in five neighboring villages, the ones where no project interventions were made, were also interviewed. While the analysis was done on the experimental group, results of the corresponding analysis using the control are also mentioned in the ensuing discussions. It is aimed at presenting and analyzing the impact of the aforementioned project on the sustainable socioeconomic development of the target groups within the selected blocks of the district. Three factors, namely technology branding (F1), value perceptions (F2), and distribution network (F3), have emerged as the important antecedents that lead to a significant financial improvement in the farmers which, in turn, ensures inclusive growth.
- Published
- 2020
46. Linkage between business sustainability and tacit knowledge management in MSMEs
- Author
-
Parijat Upadhyay and Amit Kundu
- Subjects
Knowledge management ,Computer Networks and Communications ,business.industry ,Business process ,Corporate governance ,05 social sciences ,Library and Information Sciences ,Small business ,Business operations ,Computer Science Applications ,Knowledge sharing ,Tacit knowledge ,Management of Technology and Innovation ,0502 economics and business ,Sustainability ,050211 marketing ,Business ,Small and medium-sized enterprises ,050203 business & management ,Information Systems - Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study is to report the apparent linkage between knowledge management (KM) practices in a semi-structured sector and business sustainability. Micro, small and medium scale enterprises in developing economies are constrained by accessibility to resources and have not been able to reap the benefits of structured KM practices to fine-tune their business processes. Insights derived from business operations of such enterprises can be formalized into relevant knowledge creation. An effective KM can help in revival strategies for many traditional organizations like handloom that operate as a co-operative. Such business has come under immense challenges from new-age organizations in that particular sector. This study reports the brand revival and business sustainability journey of a handloom co-operative through effective knowledge assimilation and dissemination. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the authors have assessed the governance of small co-operative units in handloom and their supervision, which pose serious challenges for business sustainability. Their business data pertaining to productivity, sales and income for the period from 1997-1998 to 2015-2016 have been analyzed for business sustainability. A time-series analysis has been done on the above data set to track business sustainability of the handloom co-operative. The findings have been analyzed through a case-based study approach. Findings Over a period of one and half-decade, the handloom co-operative has been able to improve its product offering, which, in turn, led to the revival of the brand. Such transformation has resulted in revival of decades old brand through effective knowledge sharing, which is mainly tacit in nature. This case study based paper showcases that despite their inherent constraints, micro, small and medium enterprise organizations (many of which are semi-structured or unstructured in nature) can reap huge benefits by making efforts to put in place an effective KM mechanism. Originality/value There are very few reported studies, which have explored the linkage between tacit KM practices and business sustainability. Studies in context to a semi-structured small- and medium-scale enterprises are not available in published literature.
- Published
- 2019
47. Sensitization Effects of Repurposed Blood Pressure-regulating Drugs on Drug-resistant Cancer Cells
- Author
-
Tian Zheng, Chunxue Jiang, Yunmoon Oh, Jin-Sol Lee, Amit Kundu, Sungpil Yoon, Hyung Sik Kim, and Jae Hyeon Park
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,business.industry ,Nicardipine ,Blood Pressure ,Cardiovascular Agents ,General Medicine ,Pharmacology ,Reserpine ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Oncology ,Mechanism of action ,chemistry ,Vardenafil ,Neoplasms ,Cancer cell ,medicine ,Humans ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Carvedilol ,Sensitization ,medicine.drug ,Eribulin - Abstract
Background/aim We investigated drugs that could sensitize KBV20C cancer cells resistant to eribulin or vincristine (VIC) treatment and assessed their associated mechanisms of action. Materials and methods Such cancer cells were known to overexpress P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Considering that reserpine (P-gp inhibitor) plays a regulatory role in patients with high blood pressure, we investigated the effect of low doses of 27 blood pressure-regulating drugs on VIC-resistant KBV20C cells. This was done to identify drugs that could be repurposed for sensitizing antimitotic drug-resistant KBV20C cells at relatively low doses. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), annexin V analyses, rhodamine uptake tests and western-blot analysis were performed to further investigate the mechanism of action of such drugs. Results We found that co-treatment with amiodarone, nicardipine, carvedilol, or vardenafil at low doses could highly sensitize KBV20C cells treated with eribulin or VIC. These drugs reduced cellular viability, increased G2 arrest and up-regulated apoptosis when co-administered with eribulin or VIC. Considering that they sensitize with either co-treatment of eribulin or VIC, we assumed that they can be combined with other antimitotic drugs to sensitize the resistant cancer cells. Through detailed quantitative analysis, we found that eribulin with amiodarone had a higher sensitization effect than eribulin with nicardipine or eribulin with carvedilol. We found that reserpine had the highest P-gp-inhibitory activity, indicating that eribulin- or VIC-reserpine sensitization involves the P-gp inhibitory effects of reserpine. However, we found that amiodarone, nicardipine, carvedilol and vardenafil had very low P-gp inhibitory activity. Moreover, we found that cells co-treated with VIC-carvedilol down-regulated expression of pERK. Conclusion Highly antimitotic drug-resistant KBV20C cells can be sensitized by co-treatment with the repurposed blood pressure-regulating drugs amiodarone, nicardipine, carvedilol or vardenafil. These findings indicate that the repurposed blood pressure-regulating drugs may potentially be used in drug-resistant cancer patients without any toxic effects due to P-gp inhibition.
- Published
- 2021
48. A 0.7V resistive sensor with temperature/voltage detection function in 16nm FinFET technologies.
- Author
-
Jaw-Juinn Horng, Szu-Lin Liu, Amit Kundu, Chin-Ho Chang, Chung-Hui Chen, Herman Chiang, and Yung-Chow Peng
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Push and (or) Pull? Drivers of Labour Force Participation in Indian Agriculture
- Author
-
Amit Kundu and Sangita Das
- Subjects
Wage rate ,Economics and Econometrics ,Labour economics ,Employment/unemployment ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Wage ,Fixed effects model ,Agriculture ,Economics ,Per capita ,business ,Comparative advantage ,media_common ,Panel data - Abstract
Labour force participation rate in the Indian agricultural sector is gradually declining. This paper wants to investigate the possible causes behind it. Here both possible push and pool factors behind this decline are considered simultaneously. Initially, on the basis of 70th round NSSO data on agricultural households, it is tested whether or not marginal farmers are enjoying comparative advantage during the time of getting employment in the agricultural sector as agricultural labourer. But as ‘decline’ is a flow concept, to investigate possible reasons behind this decline, we have considered six rounds state-level NSSO data on Employment Unemployment Survey of India and its 20 major states. Applying fixed effect panel data regression technique after considering state-specific possible factors, it is found that gradual decline of per capita land holdings is the major push factor responsible for gradual decline of labour force participation rate in Indian agriculture. Apart from that, other push factors like hike of real agricultural wage rate, improvement in education level of the agricultural households and pull factor like hike of non-farm real wage, employment opportunities in construction and other non-farm activities are found significant for gradual decline of labour force participation rate in Indian agriculture.
- Published
- 2019
50. Factors Influencing Yield Rate in West Bengal Agriculture: A Panel Data Approach
- Author
-
Amit Kundu and Pubali Goswamy
- Subjects
Geography ,Agriculture ,business.industry ,Yield rate ,West bengal ,General Medicine ,business ,Agricultural economics ,Panel data - Published
- 2019
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