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2. Enhancing NSCLC recurrence prediction with PET/CT habitat imaging, ctDNA, and integrative radiogenomics-blood insights

Author

Sujit, Sheeba J., Aminu, Muhammad, Karpinets, Tatiana V., Chen, Pingjun, Saad, Maliazurina B., Salehjahromi, Morteza, Boom, John D., Qayati, Mohamed, George, James M., Allen, Haley, Antonoff, Mara B., Hong, Lingzhi, Hu, Xin, Heeke, Simon, Tran, Hai T., Le, Xiuning, Elamin, Yasir Y., Altan, Mehmet, Vokes, Natalie I., Sheshadri, Ajay, Lin, Julie, Zhang, Jianhua, Lu, Yang, Behrens, Carmen, Godoy, Myrna C. B., Wu, Carol C., Chang, Joe Y., Chung, Caroline, Jaffray, David A., Wistuba, Ignacio I., Lee, J. Jack, Vaporciyan, Ara A., Gibbons, Don L., Heymach, John, Zhang, Jianjun, Cascone, Tina, and Wu, Jia

Published
2024
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4. Advanced Techniques in Upgrading Crude Bio-oil to Biofuel

Author

Adeoye, Abiodun Oluwatosin, Quadri, Rukayat Oluwatobiloba, Lawal, Olayide Samuel, Malomo, Dosu, Emojevu, Emmanuel Oghenero, Omonije, Omotayo Oluyemisi, Odeniyi, Olalere Kayode, Fadahunsi, Moshood Olatunji, Yelwa, Muhammad Jibrin, Aasa, Samson Abiodun, Onakpa, Augustine Eyikwuojo, Omoniyi, Busuyi Patrick, Mark, Ibrahim N., Usman, Joseph, Ismaila, Aminu Muhammad, Saidu, Abdullahi Usmanu, Agarwal, Avinash Kumar, Series Editor, Upadhyay, Ram Krishna, editor, Sharma, Sunil Kumar, editor, and Kumar, Vikram, editor

Published
2024
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5. Molecular Identification of Potent Chromium Reducing Bacteria Isolated from Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Soil within Sokoto Metropolis

Author

Aminu Muhammad Gusau, Abdullahi Bako Rabah, Aminu Yusuf Fardami, and Ibrahim Muhammad Magami

Subjects
bacteria, chromium, hydrocarbon, reduction, soil, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

Study’s Novelty/Excerpt • This study investigates chromium reduction potential of bacteria isolated from hydrocarbon-contaminated soils in the Sokoto metropolis, a specific environment previously underexplored in this context. • It uniquely identifies Brucella intermedia and Bacillus sp. as potent chromium-tolerant isolates with significant reduction efficiencies, providing new insights into the bioremediation capabilities of these strains. • Additionally, the research demonstrates a high chromium removal efficacy at various concentrations, highlighting the potential application of these isolates for effective bioremediation of chromium-polluted soils and water bodies. Full Abstract Hydrocarbon-contaminated soils are recognised as reservoirs for heavy metal-utilizing bacteria due to the phenomenon of co-selection. These bacteria can have a potential in the biosorption of chromium heavy metal. This research aimed to screen the chromium reduction potential of bacteria isolated from hydrocarbon-contaminated soils. The soil samples used in this study were collected from hydrocarbon-affected sites in the Sokoto metropolis; additionally, a control sample was collected from non-polluted soil. Bacteria were isolated using standard protocols. Variable amounts of chromium were prepared using potassium monochromate (K2CrO4) and then incorporated into a nutrient broth medium. The most potent, molecularly-identified hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria were screened for chromium tolerance, and the percentage reduction in chromium content was also measured. Mean colony counts from the hydrocarbon-contaminated soil ranged from1.00×106 to 1.30×106 CFU/g while the control soil had 2.30×105 CFU/g. From the 14 strains, two, molecularly identified using NCBI BLAST as Brucellaintermedia and Bacillus sp., were shown to be the most potent chromium tolerant isolates. B. intermedia reduced Cr from an initial value of 350 mg/L to 198 mg/L within 72 hours (44 % removal efficiency). At the lowest concentration used in this study (50 mg/L), a removal efficacy of 96% was achieved. Bacillus sp. recorded the highest chromium reduction compared to Brucellaintermedia at the tested concentrations (50, 150, 250, and 350 mg/L). A 100% reduction in Cr was obtained at the 50 mg/L concentration. This study demonstrated that Bacillus sp. and Brucellaintermedia are particularly effective at reducing chromium from chromium metal solutions of different concentrations. These isolates can be used for bioremediation of chromium-polluted soils or water bodies.

Published
2024
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7. Do institutions matter for agri-food imports and exports between China and Africa? A gravity model analysis

Author

Nazir Muhammad Abdullahi, Saleh Shahriar, Sokvibol Kea, Adamu Ali Ibrahim, and Aminu Muhammad Abdullahi

Subjects
Africa-China, Food market, Gravity model, Institutions, Economic history and conditions, HC10-1085, Economic theory. Demography, HB1-3840
Abstract

This paper aims to study the role of institutional quality on agri-food trade (import and export) between China and 48 African countries during the 2001-2021 period. The gravity model of trade was employed by estimating the Generalised Least Square (GLS) and the Poisson Pseudo-Maximum Likelihood (PPML) estimators, which include zero trade flows for panel data. The main results show that voice and accountability, control of corruption, and the rule of law all enhance agri-food trade flows. While political instability encourages agri-food exports to China. In addition, the economic size of China, the trade cost (distance), and the population of African countries also encourage agri-food trade between China and African economies. Moreover, access to the sea, exchange rate policy, and the economic size of African nations deplete China’s agri-food imports from Africa. We showed the mechanism through which each institutional variable affects China’s agri-food trade flows to African nations.

Published
2024
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8. Effects of prenatal exposure to maternal COVID-19 and perinatal care on neonatal outcome: results from the INTERCOVID Multinational Cohort Study.

Author

Giuliani, Francesca, Oros, Daniel, Gunier, Robert B, Deantoni, Sonia, Rauch, Stephen, Casale, Roberto, Nieto, Ricardo, Bertino, Enrico, Rego, Albertina, Menis, Camilla, Gravett, Michael G, Candiani, Massimo, Deruelle, Philippe, García-May, Perla K, Mhatre, Mohak, Usman, Mustapha Ado, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Etuk, Saturday, Napolitano, Raffaele, Liu, Becky, Prefumo, Federico, Savasi, Valeria, Do Vale, Marynéa Silva, Baafi, Eric, Ariff, Shabina, Maiz, Nerea, Aminu, Muhammad Baffah, Cardona-Perez, Jorge Arturo, Craik, Rachel, Tavchioska, Gabriela, Bako, Babagana, Benski, Caroline, Hassan-Hanga, Fatimah, Savorani, Mónica, Sentilhes, Loïc, Carola Capelli, Maria, Takahashi, Ken, Vecchiarelli, Carmen, Ikenoue, Satoru, Thiruvengadam, Ramachandran, Soto Conti, Constanza P, Cetin, Irene, Nachinab, Vincent Bizor, Ernawati, Ernawati, Duro, Eduardo A, Kholin, Alexey, Teji, Jagjit Singh, Easter, Sarah Rae, Salomon, Laurent J, Ayede, Adejumoke Idowu, Cerbo, Rosa Maria, Agyeman-Duah, Josephine, Roggero, Paola, Eskenazi, Brenda, Langer, Ana, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Kennedy, Stephen H, Papageorghiou, Aris T, and Villar, Jose

Subjects
Humans, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Pregnancy Complications, Premature Birth, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Pregnancy Outcome, Perinatal Care, Cohort Studies, Pregnancy, Child, Infant, Newborn, Female, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, COVID-19, COVID-19 Testing, SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-2 exposure, birthweight, breastfeeding, cesarean delivery, cohort, feeding problems, hospital stay, infections, intrauterine growth restriction, morbidity, mortality, multicenter study, neonatal intensive care unit admission, neonatal outcomes, neonate, neurologic outcome, newborn, perinatal practices, preeclampsia, pregnancy, preterm birth, respiratory support, respiratory symptoms, risk ratio, rooming-in, skin-to-skin, small for gestational age, Pediatric, Prevention, Clinical Research, Pediatric Research Initiative, Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period, Preterm, Low Birth Weight and Health of the Newborn, Conditions Affecting the Embryonic and Fetal Periods, Infant Mortality, Contraception/Reproduction, Reproductive health and childbirth, Good Health and Well Being, Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine, Obstetrics & Reproductive Medicine
Abstract

BackgroundThe effect of COVID-19 in pregnancy on maternal outcomes and its association with preeclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus have been reported; however, a detailed understanding of the effects of maternal positivity, delivery mode, and perinatal practices on fetal and neonatal outcomes is urgently needed.ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on fetal and neonatal outcomes and the role of mode of delivery, breastfeeding, and early neonatal care practices on the risk of mother-to-child transmission.Study designIn this cohort study that took place from March 2020 to March 2021, involving 43 institutions in 18 countries, 2 unmatched, consecutive, unexposed women were concomitantly enrolled immediately after each infected woman was identified, at any stage of pregnancy or delivery, and at the same level of care to minimize bias. Women and neonates were followed up until hospital discharge. COVID-19 in pregnancy was determined by laboratory confirmation and/or radiological pulmonary findings or ≥2 predefined COVID-19 symptoms. The outcome measures were indices of neonatal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, neonatal positivity and its correlation with mode of delivery, breastfeeding, and hospital neonatal care practices.ResultsA total of 586 neonates born to women with COVID-19 diagnosis and 1535 neonates born to women without COVID-19 diagnosis were enrolled. Women with COVID-19 diagnosis had a higher rate of cesarean delivery (52.8% vs 38.5% for those without COVID-19 diagnosis, P14 days). Among neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 diagnosis, birth via cesarean delivery was a risk factor for testing positive for COVID-19 (odds ratio, 2.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-4.7), even when severity of maternal conditions was considered and after multivariable logistic analysis. In the subgroup of neonates born to women with COVID-19 diagnosis, the outcomes worsened when the neonate also tested positive, with higher rates of neonatal intensive care unit admission, fever, gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms, and death, even after adjusting for prematurity. Breastfeeding by mothers with COVID-19 diagnosis and hospital neonatal care practices, including immediate skin-to-skin contact and rooming-in, were not associated with an increased risk of newborn positivity.ConclusionIn this multinational cohort study, COVID-19 in pregnancy was associated with increased maternal and neonatal complications. Cesarean delivery was significantly associated with newborn COVID-19 diagnosis. Vaginal delivery should be considered the safest mode of delivery if obstetrical and health conditions allow it. Mother-to-child skin-to-skin contact, rooming-in, and direct breastfeeding were not risk factors for newborn COVID-19 diagnosis, thus well-established best practices can be continued among women with COVID-19 diagnosis.

Published
2022

9. Diabetes mellitus, maternal adiposity, and insulin-dependent gestational diabetes are associated with COVID-19 in pregnancy: the INTERCOVID study

Author

Eskenazi, Brenda, Rauch, Stephen, Iurlaro, Enrico, Gunier, Robert B, Rego, Albertina, Gravett, Michael G, Cavoretto, Paolo Ivo, Deruelle, Philippe, García-May, Perla K, Mhatre, Mohak, Usman, Mustapha Ado, Elbahnasawy, Mohamed, Etuk, Saturday, Napolitano, Raffaele, Deantoni, Sonia, Liu, Becky, Prefumo, Federico, Savasi, Valeria, Marques, Patrícia F, Baafi, Eric, Zainab, Ghulam, Nieto, Ricardo, Serrano, Berta, Aminu, Muhammad Baffah, Cardona-Perez, Jorge Arturo, Craik, Rachel, Winsey, Adele, Tavchioska, Gabriela, Bako, Babagana, Oros, Daniel, Benski, Caroline, Galadanci, Hadiza, Savorani, Mónica, Oberto, Manuela, Sentilhes, Loïc, Risso, Milagros, Takahashi, Ken, Vecciarelli, Carmen, Ikenoue, Satoru, Pandey, Anil K, Soto Conti, Constanza P, Cetin, Irene, Nachinab, Vincent Bizor, Ernawati, Ernawati, Duro, Eduardo A, Kholin, Alexey, Firlit, Michelle L, Easter, Sarah Rae, Sichitiu, Joanna, John-Akinola, Yetunde, Casale, Roberto, Cena, Hellas, Agyeman-Duah, Josephine, Roggero, Paola, Langer, Ana, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Kennedy, Stephen H, Villar, Jose, and Papageorghiou, Aris T

Subjects
Reproductive Medicine, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Research, Nutrition, Diabetes, Prevention, Obesity, Reproductive health and childbirth, Metabolic and endocrine, Good Health and Well Being, Adiposity, Adolescent, Adult, Body Mass Index, COVID-19, COVID-19 Testing, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Diabetes, Gestational, Female, Humans, Insulin, Obesity, Maternal, Overweight, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Outcome, body mass index, diabetes mellitus, gestational diabetes mellitus, obesity, overweight, pregnancy, SARS-CoV-2, Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine, Obstetrics & Reproductive Medicine, Reproductive medicine
Abstract

BackgroundAmong nonpregnant individuals, diabetes mellitus and high body mass index increase the risk of COVID-19 and its severity.ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine whether diabetes mellitus and high body mass index are risk factors for COVID-19 in pregnancy and whether gestational diabetes mellitus is associated with COVID-19 diagnosis.Study designINTERCOVID was a multinational study conducted between March 2020 and February 2021 in 43 institutions from 18 countries, enrolling 2184 pregnant women aged ≥18 years; a total of 2071 women were included in the analyses. For each woman diagnosed with COVID-19, 2 nondiagnosed women delivering or initiating antenatal care at the same institution were also enrolled. The main exposures were preexisting diabetes mellitus, high body mass index (overweight or obesity was defined as a body mass index ≥25 kg/m2), and gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnancy. The main outcome was a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 based on a real-time polymerase chain reaction test, antigen test, antibody test, radiological pulmonary findings, or ≥2 predefined COVID-19 symptoms at any time during pregnancy or delivery. Relationships of exposures and COVID-19 diagnosis were assessed using generalized linear models with a Poisson distribution and log link function, with robust standard errors to account for model misspecification. Furthermore, we conducted sensitivity analyses: (1) restricted to those with a real-time polymerase chain reaction test or an antigen test in the last week of pregnancy, (2) restricted to those with a real-time polymerase chain reaction test or an antigen test during the entire pregnancy, (3) generating values for missing data using multiple imputation, and (4) analyses controlling for month of enrollment. In addition, among women who were diagnosed with COVID-19, we examined whether having gestational diabetes mellitus, diabetes mellitus, or high body mass index increased the risk of having symptomatic vs asymptomatic COVID-19.ResultsCOVID-19 was associated with preexisting diabetes mellitus (risk ratio, 1.94; 95% confidence interval, 1.55-2.42), overweight or obesity (risk ratio, 1.20; 95% confidence interval, 1.06-1.37), and gestational diabetes mellitus (risk ratio, 1.21; 95% confidence interval, 0.99-1.46). The gestational diabetes mellitus association was specifically among women requiring insulin, whether they were of normal weight (risk ratio, 1.79; 95% confidence interval, 1.06-3.01) or overweight or obese (risk ratio, 1.77; 95% confidence interval, 1.28-2.45). A somewhat stronger association with COVID-19 diagnosis was observed among women with preexisting diabetes mellitus, whether they were of normal weight (risk ratio, 1.93; 95% confidence interval, 1.18-3.17) or overweight or obese (risk ratio, 2.32; 95% confidence interval, 1.82-2.97). When the sample was restricted to those with a real-time polymerase chain reaction test or an antigen test in the week before delivery or during the entire pregnancy, including missing variables using imputation or controlling for month of enrollment, the observed associations were comparable.ConclusionDiabetes mellitus and overweight or obesity were risk factors for COVID-19 diagnosis in pregnancy, and insulin-dependent gestational diabetes mellitus was associated with the disease. Therefore, it is essential that women with these comorbidities are vaccinated.

Published
2022

10. Hierarchical Phenotyping and Graph Modeling of Spatial Architecture in Lymphoid Neoplasms

Author

Chen, Pingjun, Aminu, Muhammad, Hussein, Siba El, Khoury, Joseph D., and Wu, Jia

Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing, 68T01 (Primary), I.2.10
Abstract

The cells and their spatial patterns in the tumor microenvironment (TME) play a key role in tumor evolution, and yet the latter remains an understudied topic in computational pathology. This study, to the best of our knowledge, is among the first to hybridize local and global graph methods to profile orchestration and interaction of cellular components. To address the challenge in hematolymphoid cancers, where the cell classes in TME may be unclear, we first implemented cell-level unsupervised learning and identified two new cell subtypes. Local cell graphs or supercells were built for each image by considering the individual cell's geospatial location and classes. Then, we applied supercell level clustering and identified two new cell communities. In the end, we built global graphs to abstract spatial interaction patterns and extract features for disease diagnosis. We evaluate the proposed algorithm on H&E slides of 60 hematolymphoid neoplasms and further compared it with three cell level graph-based algorithms, including the global cell graph, cluster cell graph, and FLocK. The proposed algorithm achieved a mean diagnosis accuracy of 0.703 with the repeated 5-fold cross-validation scheme. In conclusion, our algorithm shows superior performance over the existing methods and can be potentially applied to other cancer types., Comment: Accepted by MICCAI2021

Published
2021

11. Synthetic PET from CT improves diagnosis and prognosis for lung cancer: Proof of concept

Author

Salehjahromi, Morteza, Karpinets, Tatiana V., Sujit, Sheeba J., Qayati, Mohamed, Chen, Pingjun, Aminu, Muhammad, Saad, Maliazurina B., Bandyopadhyay, Rukhmini, Hong, Lingzhi, Sheshadri, Ajay, Lin, Julie, Antonoff, Mara B., Sepesi, Boris, Ostrin, Edwin J., Toumazis, Iakovos, Huang, Peng, Cheng, Chao, Cascone, Tina, Vokes, Natalie I., Behrens, Carmen, Siewerdsen, Jeffrey H., Hazle, John D., Chang, Joe Y., Zhang, Jianhua, Lu, Yang, Godoy, Myrna C.B., Chung, Caroline, Jaffray, David, Wistuba, Ignacio, Lee, J. Jack, Vaporciyan, Ara A., Gibbons, Don L., Gladish, Gregory, Heymach, John V., Wu, Carol C., Zhang, Jianjun, and Wu, Jia

Published
2024
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12. An update on the global disparities in kidney disease burden and care across world countries and regions

Author

Abu-Alfa, Ali K., Amouzegar, Atefeh, Anand, Shuchi, Arogundade, Fatiu Abiola, Ashuntantang, Gloria E., Bavanandan, Sunita, Coppo, Rosanna, Diongole, Hassane M., Divyaveer, Smita, Ekrikpo, Udeme E., Ethier, Isabelle, Fung, Winston Wing-Shing, Gaipov, Abduzhappar, Ghimire, Anukul, Houston, Ghenette, Ibrahim, Kwaifa Salihu, Irish, Georgina, Jindal, Kailash, Kelly, Dearbhla M., Lightstone, Liz, Madero, Magdalena, Nalado, Aisha M., Neuen, Brendon L., Olanrewaju, Timothy O., Osman, Mohamed A., Parekh, Rulan S., Petrova, Anna, Prasad, Narayan, Prikhodina, Larisa, Racki, Sanjin, Riaz, Parnian, Saad, Syed, Sakajiki, Aminu Muhammad, Savaj, Shokoufeh, Singh Shah, Dibya, Suzuki, Yusuke, Tesar, Vladimir, Tiv, Sophanny, Tungsanga, Somkanya, Tzanno-Martins, Carmen, Viecelli, Andrea, Wang, Angela Yee-Moon, Wong, Muh Geot, Zaidi, Deenaz, Bello, Aminu K, Okpechi, Ikechi G, Levin, Adeera, Ye, Feng, Damster, Sandrine, Arruebo, Silvia, Donner, Jo-Ann, Caskey, Fergus J, Cho, Yeoungjee, Davids, M Razeen, Davison, Sara N, Htay, Htay, Jha, Vivekanand, Lalji, Rowena, Malik, Charu, Nangaku, Masaomi, See, Emily, Sozio, Stephen M, Tonelli, Marcello, Wainstein, Marina, Yeung, Emily K, and Johnson, David W

Published
2024
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13. Preeclampsia and COVID-19: results from the INTERCOVID prospective longitudinal study.

Author

Papageorghiou, Aris T, Deruelle, Philippe, Gunier, Robert B, Rauch, Stephen, García-May, Perla K, Mhatre, Mohak, Usman, Mustapha Ado, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Etuk, Saturday, Simmons, Lavone E, Napolitano, Raffaele, Deantoni, Sonia, Liu, Becky, Prefumo, Federico, Savasi, Valeria, do Vale, Marynéa Silva, Baafi, Eric, Zainab, Ghulam, Nieto, Ricardo, Maiz, Nerea, Aminu, Muhammad Baffah, Cardona-Perez, Jorge Arturo, Craik, Rachel, Winsey, Adele, Tavchioska, Gabriela, Bako, Babagana, Oros, Daniel, Rego, Albertina, Benski, Anne Caroline, Hassan-Hanga, Fatimah, Savorani, Mónica, Giuliani, Francesca, Sentilhes, Loïc, Risso, Milagros, Takahashi, Ken, Vecchiarelli, Carmen, Ikenoue, Satoru, Thiruvengadam, Ramachandran, Soto Conti, Constanza P, Ferrazzi, Enrico, Cetin, Irene, Nachinab, Vincent Bizor, Ernawati, Ernawati, Duro, Eduardo A, Kholin, Alexey, Firlit, Michelle L, Easter, Sarah Rae, Sichitiu, Joanna, Bowale, Abimbola, Casale, Roberto, Cerbo, Rosa Maria, Cavoretto, Paolo Ivo, Eskenazi, Brenda, Thornton, Jim G, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Kennedy, Stephen H, and Villar, José

Subjects
Humans, Pregnancy Complications, Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced, Pre-Eclampsia, Premature Birth, Pregnancy Outcome, Risk Factors, Longitudinal Studies, Prospective Studies, Pregnancy, Adult, Female, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV 2, aspirin, cohort, gestational hypertension, hypertension, hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, infection, morbidity, mortality, obesity, overweight, preeclampsia, pregnancy, preterm birth, proteinuria, relative risk, renal disease, risk ratio, small for gestational age, Cardiovascular, Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period, Contraception/Reproduction, Clinical Research, Preterm, Low Birth Weight and Health of the Newborn, Infant Mortality, Hypertension, Pediatric, Reproductive health and childbirth, Good Health and Well Being, Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine, Obstetrics & Reproductive Medicine
Abstract

BackgroundIt is unclear whether the suggested link between COVID-19 during pregnancy and preeclampsia is an independent association or if these are caused by common risk factors.ObjectiveThis study aimed to quantify any independent association between COVID-19 during pregnancy and preeclampsia and to determine the effect of these variables on maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality.Study designThis was a large, longitudinal, prospective, unmatched diagnosed and not-diagnosed observational study assessing the effect of COVID-19 during pregnancy on mothers and neonates. Two consecutive not-diagnosed women were concomitantly enrolled immediately after each diagnosed woman was identified, at any stage during pregnancy or delivery, and at the same level of care to minimize bias. Women and neonates were followed until hospital discharge using the standardized INTERGROWTH-21st protocols and electronic data management system. A total of 43 institutions in 18 countries contributed to the study sample. The independent association between the 2 entities was quantified with the risk factors known to be associated with preeclampsia analyzed in each group. The outcomes were compared among women with COVID-19 alone, preeclampsia alone, both conditions, and those without either of the 2 conditions.ResultsWe enrolled 2184 pregnant women; of these, 725 (33.2%) were enrolled in the COVID-19 diagnosed and 1459 (66.8%) in the COVID-19 not-diagnosed groups. Of these women, 123 had preeclampsia of which 59 of 725 (8.1%) were in the COVID-19 diagnosed group and 64 of 1459 (4.4%) were in the not-diagnosed group (risk ratio, 1.86; 95% confidence interval, 1.32-2.61). After adjustment for sociodemographic factors and conditions associated with both COVID-19 and preeclampsia, the risk ratio for preeclampsia remained significant among all women (risk ratio, 1.77; 95% confidence interval, 1.25-2.52) and nulliparous women specifically (risk ratio, 1.89; 95% confidence interval, 1.17-3.05). There was a trend but no statistical significance among parous women (risk ratio, 1.64; 95% confidence interval, 0.99-2.73). The risk ratio for preterm birth for all women diagnosed with COVID-19 and preeclampsia was 4.05 (95% confidence interval, 2.99-5.49) and 6.26 (95% confidence interval, 4.35-9.00) for nulliparous women. Compared with women with neither condition diagnosed, the composite adverse perinatal outcome showed a stepwise increase in the risk ratio for COVID-19 without preeclampsia, preeclampsia without COVID-19, and COVID-19 with preeclampsia (risk ratio, 2.16; 95% confidence interval, 1.63-2.86; risk ratio, 2.53; 95% confidence interval, 1.44-4.45; and risk ratio, 2.84; 95% confidence interval, 1.67-4.82, respectively). Similar findings were found for the composite adverse maternal outcome with risk ratios of 1.76 (95% confidence interval, 1.32-2.35), 2.07 (95% confidence interval, 1.20-3.57), and 2.77 (95% confidence interval, 1.66-4.63). The association between COVID-19 and gestational hypertension and the direction of the effects on preterm birth and adverse perinatal and maternal outcomes, were similar to preeclampsia, but confined to nulliparous women with lower risk ratios.ConclusionCOVID-19 during pregnancy is strongly associated with preeclampsia, especially among nulliparous women. This association is independent of any risk factors and preexisting conditions. COVID-19 severity does not seem to be a factor in this association. Both conditions are associated independently of and in an additive fashion with preterm birth, severe perinatal morbidity and mortality, and adverse maternal outcomes. Women with preeclampsia should be considered a particularly vulnerable group with regard to the risks posed by COVID-19.

Published
2021

14. Asymmetric effect of crude oil price on the quality of environment in Nigeria: An application of non-linear ARDL

Author

Aminu Hassan Jakada, Bello Alhaji Ibrahim, Ismail Aliyu Danmaraya, Aminu Muhammad Fagge, and Abdulnasir T. Yola

Subjects
oil price, environmental quality, non-linear ardl, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Science
Abstract

The study aimed at examining the asymmetric effect of crude oil price on the quality of environment in Nigeria. The study utilizes the time series form of annual data from 1970 to 2019 and applies the model of NARDL (Non-Linear ARDL) to determine the short-run and long-run asymmetries. The results revealed that positive shocks in crude oil price reduces the amount of carbon emissions thereby enhancing the quality of the environment in the long run, while negative shock increases the amount of carbon emission and hence deteriorate the quality of the environment. In the short the positive shock increases the amount of carbon emissions while the negative shocks reduces the carbon emissions and also improve the quality of the environment. Nonetheless, the magnitude and sign of positive as well as negative shocks of crude oil price are essential in environmental management policies. Henceforth, on the basis of the sign as well as magnitude, the study recommends for more subsidy on clean energy as well as formulation of a favorable form of policies for the implementation of renewable form of energy such as solar by residential consumers and industries particularly during the period of low crude oil price.

Published
2023
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15. Selective Separation of Lithium from Leachate of Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries by Zirconium Phosphate/Polyacrylonitrile Composite: Leaching and Sorption Behavior

Author

Baffa Haruna, Zhongyan Luo, Mujtaba Aminu Muhammad, Jinfeng Tang, Jukka Kuva, Risto Koivula, Hongli Bao, and Junhua Xu

Subjects
spent lithium-ion batteries, leaching, am-ZrP/PAN, sorption, separation, Production of electric energy or power. Powerplants. Central stations, TK1001-1841, Industrial electrochemistry, TP250-261
Abstract

This study introduces a straightforward and effective amorphous ZrP/polyacrylonitrile composite ion exchange method for separating Li from the leachate of spent Li-ion batteries (NMC 111). The cathode materials were leached with a series of optimized experiments. The influence of operating variables, including the H2SO4 concentration, temperature, H2O2 concentration, and pulp density, on leaching efficiency was examined to determine the optimal conditions for sorption experiments. The leaching efficiencies of Li, Co, Ni, and Mn were found to be 99.9%, 99.5%, 98.8%, and 99.9%, respectively. Subsequently, batch sorption experiments were performed by using am-ZrP/PAN, including the determination of the effect of pH, sorption kinetics, and the sorption isotherm. The effect of pH on adsorption was examined in 1 mmol/L equimolar solutions of Li, Ni, Mn, and Co. Li was separated from Mn, Co, and Ni in the leaching liquor. The adsorbent for Mn, Co, and Ni sorption better fitted pseudo-second-order kinetics. High selectivity for Li was observed, even at the higher solution concentration of 15 mM Li, Ni, Co and Mn. In addition, the column loading process demonstrated selectivity for Li over Co, Ni, and Mn metal ions. The preliminary evaluation of the whole process with mass flow demonstrated that it would be feasible to achieve full separation and metal recovery by integrating a combined hydrometallurgical method in future studies. However, much work is still needed to develop a practical separation flowsheet.

Published
2024
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16. Pathomic Features Reveal Immune and Molecular Evolution From Lung Preneoplasia to Invasive Adenocarcinoma

Author

Chen, Pingjun, Rojas, Frank R., Hu, Xin, Serrano, Alejandra, Zhu, Bo, Chen, Hong, Hong, Lingzhi, Bandyoyadhyay, Rukhmini, Aminu, Muhammad, Kalhor, Neda, Lee, J. Jack, El Hussein, Siba, Khoury, Joseph D., Pass, Harvey I., Moreira, Andre L., Velcheti, Vamsidhar, Sterman, Daniel H., Fukuoka, Junya, Tabata, Kazuhiro, Su, Dan, Ying, Lisha, Gibbons, Don L., Heymach, John V., Wistuba, Ignacio I., Fujimoto, Junya, Solis Soto, Luisa M., Zhang, Jianjun, and Wu, Jia

Published
2023
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17. Efficacy and clinicogenomic correlates of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors alone or with chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer

Author

Hong, Lingzhi, Aminu, Muhammad, Li, Shenduo, Lu, Xuetao, Petranovic, Milena, Saad, Maliazurina B., Chen, Pingjun, Qin, Kang, Varghese, Susan, Rinsurongkawong, Waree, Rinsurongkawong, Vadeerat, Spelman, Amy, Elamin, Yasir Y., Negrao, Marcelo V., Skoulidis, Ferdinandos, Gay, Carl M., Cascone, Tina, Gandhi, Saumil J., Lin, Steven H., Lee, Percy P., Carter, Brett W., Wu, Carol C., Antonoff, Mara B., Sepesi, Boris, Lewis, Jeff, Gibbons, Don L., Vaporciyan, Ara A., Le, Xiuning, Jack Lee, J., Roy-Chowdhuri, Sinchita, Routbort, Mark J., Gainor, Justin F., Heymach, John V., Lou, Yanyan, Wu, Jia, Zhang, Jianjun, and Vokes, Natalie I.

Published
2023
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19. Predicting benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer by CT-based ensemble deep learning: a retrospective study

Author

Saad, Maliazurina B, Hong, Lingzhi, Aminu, Muhammad, Vokes, Natalie I, Chen, Pingjun, Salehjahromi, Morteza, Qin, Kang, Sujit, Sheeba J, Lu, Xuetao, Young, Elliana, Al-Tashi, Qasem, Qureshi, Rizwan, Wu, Carol C, Carter, Brett W, Lin, Steven H, Lee, Percy P, Gandhi, Saumil, Chang, Joe Y, Li, Ruijiang, Gensheimer, Michael F, Wakelee, Heather A, Neal, Joel W, Lee, Hyun-Sung, Cheng, Chao, Velcheti, Vamsidhar, Lou, Yanyan, Petranovic, Milena, Rinsurongkawong, Waree, Le, Xiuning, Rinsurongkawong, Vadeerat, Spelman, Amy, Elamin, Yasir Y, Negrao, Marcelo V, Skoulidis, Ferdinandos, Gay, Carl M, Cascone, Tina, Antonoff, Mara B, Sepesi, Boris, Lewis, Jeff, Wistuba, Ignacio I, Hazle, John D, Chung, Caroline, Jaffray, David, Gibbons, Don L, Vaporciyan, Ara, Lee, J Jack, Heymach, John V, Zhang, Jianjun, and Wu, Jia

Published
2023
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20. Survey for Carbapenem Resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae among Patients Attending Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria

Author

Binta Aminu Muhammad

Subjects
AKTH, Carbapenem, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Resistance, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

Carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae is becoming a more significant pathogen because of the grave clinical risk it poses which affects patient’s treatment outcome. This study aimed to survey for carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) among patients attending Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano State, Nigeria. A total of 600 clinical samples including urine, sputum and swabs were collected and screened. Klebsiella pneumoniae were isolated and confirmed using culture, microscopy and biochemical test according to standard microbiological techniques. Phenotypic carbapenem resistant and carbapenemase production were detected using meropenem discs diffusion method and modified Hodge test respectively. Genotypic carbapenemase productions were confirmed by detecting the presence of blaKPC genes using PCR and Gel electrophoresis. Antibiotics susceptibility profiles of the CRKP isolates were evaluated using disc diffusion method and interpreted using CLSI protocols. The study revealed the incidence of Klebsiella pneumoniae infection as 14% with the highest occurrence in sputum (18%) and the lowest in swab (10%). Of the total number of isolated K. pneumoniae, 14.3% were found to be carbapenem resistant. Up to 75% of CRKP isolates were found to produce carbapenamase and harbor blaKPC genes. Antibiotic susceptibility profile of these isolates revealed colistin and tigecycline as the most active antibiotics in vitro (92%).The isolates were found to be generally resistant to cefepime, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, cotrimoxazole and ciproflaxin (100%). Up to 8% of the isolates were sensitive to Gentamicin and Nalidixic acid, 25% to Nitrofurantoin, 50% to Minocycline and 17% to Amikacin. This study verifies the existence of carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates that are highly resistant to other antibiotics in patients attending AKTH Kano which is an indication of increase in drug resistance. This requires the need for newer tactics in infection control to prevent the spread of carbapenem resistant isolates.

Published
2023
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21. Cellular Architecture on Whole Slide Images Allows the Prediction of Survival in Lung Adenocarcinoma

Author

Chen, Pingjun, Saad, Maliazurina B., Rojas, Frank R., Salehjahromi, Morteza, Aminu, Muhammad, Bandyopadhyay, Rukhmini, Hong, Lingzhi, Ebare, Kingsley, Behrens, Carmen, Gibbons, Don L., Kalhor, Neda, Heymach, John V., Wistuba, Ignacio I., Solis Soto, Luisa M., Zhang, Jianjun, Wu, Jia, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Qin, Wenjian, editor, Zaki, Nazar, editor, Zhang, Fa, editor, Wu, Jia, editor, and Yang, Fan, editor

Published
2022
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24. Understanding the performance of a pan-African intervention to reduce postoperative mortality: a mixed-methods process evaluation of the ASOS-2 trial

Author

Biccard, Bruce M., du Toit, Leon, Lesosky, Maia, Stephens, Tim, Myer, Landon, Prempeh, Agya BA., Vickery, Nicola, Kluyts, Hyla-Louise, Torborg, Alexandra, Omigbodun, Akinyinka, Ademuyiwa, Adesoji, Elhadi, Muhammed, Elfagieh, Mohamed, Mbwele, Bernard, Ulisubisya, Mpoki, Mboma, Lazaro, Ashebir, Daniel Z., Bahta, Mahlet Tesfaye, Hassen, Mohammed, Teferi, Mikiyas, Seman, Yakob, Zoumenou, Eugene, Hewitt-Smith, Adam, Tumukunde, Janat, Munlemvo, Dolly, Morais, Atilio, Basenero, Apollo, Ndarukwa, Pisirai, Ouerdraogo, Nazinigouba, Chaibou, Maman Sani, Zarouf, Mohyeddine, El Adib, Ahmed Rhassane, Gobin, Veekash, Sanogo, Zimogo, Coulibaly, Youssouf, Ngumi, Zipporah, Fadalla, Tarig, Iradukunda, Cynthia, Barendegere, Vénérand, Smalle, Isaac O., Bittaye, Mustapha, Samateh, Ahmadou Lamin, Elfiky, Mahmoud, Fawzy, Maher, Mulwafu, Wakisa, Msosa, Vanessa, Lopes, Lygia, Antwi-Kusi, Akwasi, Sama, Hamza D., Forget, Patrice, van Straaten, Dawid, Pearse, Rupert M., Puchert, Marichen, Rolt, Lucy, Schwebler, Kris, Kabambi, Freddy, Mabotja, Tebogo, Cobas, Leandys, Freitas, Albino, Antunes, Maria, Cabo, Bartolomeu, Paulo, Domingos, Camongua, Carlos, Avognon, Yvette, Marcos, Osseni, Kintomonho, Raymond, Demahou, Onesime, Hounsa, Gisèle, Chobli, Hugues, Fassinou, Elie, Zoglobossou, Aurore, Tchaou, Blaise, Tchegnonsi, Charles, Amadji, Fifame, Bossa, Francine, Ahounou, Ernest, Alao, Djima, Odérémi, Roushdane, Montairou, Afissatou, Gbehade, Oswald, Tobome, Romaric, Boukari, Adam, Bakantieba, Patrick, Sambo, Arouna, Lionelle, Fanou, Gilbert, Nounagnon, Attinon, Julien, Klikpezo, Roger, Dadjo, Aumar, Fanou, Dénis, Hounkpe, Gilberte, Fafana, Bachabi, Nguilu, Néné, Dossou-Yovo, Bodourin, Segla, Chantal, Toko, Mohamed, Gnele-Dedewanou, Evelyne, Noukounwoui, Michel, Yado, Ethienne, Gouroubéra, Timothé, Adjignon, Valéry, Mewanou, Serge, Tchomgang, Aïcha, Agossou, Urielle, Soton, Fernand, Azanlin, Charbel, Zomahoun, Lidwine, Kabore, Rawéléguinbasba Armel Flavien, Savadogo, Salam, Sanou, Fatou Fleur Rosine, Belém, Farid, Hien, Victoria, Bougouma, Cheik Tidiane Hafid W., Ouattara, Sie Ahmed, Kabore, Mariam Bambara, Nazinigouba, Ouedraogo, Bonkoungou, Papougnezambo, Lankoandé, Martin, Traoré, Mireille, Sawadogo, Patrick, Wenmenga, Inès, Kinda, Boureima, Simporé, André, Sapo, Christian, Traore, Salah Idriss, Dipama, Haoua, Kaboré, Lydie WR., Napon, Salifou, Kaboré, Télesphore G., Louré, Arouna, Tondé, Pélagie PP., Zoundi, Christian, Lankoande, Martin, Sanou, Harouna, Ndikumana, Remy, Nsengiyumva, Carlos, Sund, Gregory, Niyukuri, Alliance, Kwizera, Axel, Niyondiko, Jean-Claude, Kilembe, Adolphe Manzanza, Ilunga, Jean Pierre Mwema, Sarah, Nehema Hailemariam, Makeya, Gabriel Mubobo, Mwepu, Idesbald Mwebe, Likongo, Ted Botawaosenge, Mvwala, Richard Kapela, Mubunda, Raphael Nzau Kapend, Mukuna, Noellie Kanka, Pembe, Julie Djondo, Ndaye, Nicolas Lumuanga, Amisi, Eric Bibonge, Madika, Mike Ilunga, Lungela, Joe Kembo, Mayemba, Didier Ndonda, Diyoyo, Philomene Mamba, Ngalala, Alex Mbo, Mukenga, Martin Mamba, Kabuni, Patricia Tito, Mpoto, Dany Bolimo, Mole, Herve Inesnku, Keby, Louise, Buti, Oria Andavo, Phaka, Anselme, Mayenge, Belinda, Kalongo, Jean Jeacques Kabuley, Mawisa, Timothe Kemfuni, Ngwizani, Rodrigue Tondo, Leya, Kuyala, Sanduku, Dieudonne Kisile, Mawisa, Timothe Nkemfuni, Mfumu, Coco Nseke, Bolenge, Mbuta, Kabuce, Desire Kinzenzengu, Kintieti, Patrick, Mbuluku, Amelia, Mahuwa, Vicky, Mabiala, Tharcice Khonde, Ngoy, Guilain, Boloko, Patrick, Mvwama, Nono Mazangama, Kengbanda, Jose, Mushimbonga, Pitchou, Kuhapala, Blaise, Marcel, Nzosani, Guylain, Kienze, Mboma, Gerard, Sagboze, Sandra Zalambo, Manika, Michel Muteya, Kigayi, Jean Pierre Mumbere, Cishugi, Roger Mukanire, Mugisho, Placide Buhendwa, Baguma, Roger, Kongolo, Moïse, Mbayabu, Michel Mandungu, Muamba, Crispin Mukendi, Kapinga, Edmond Banema, Kapinga, Vasco Ngolela, Nsumpi, Guylain Tshimanga, Odia, Patrick Kanda, Bingidimi, Salomon, Kpengbemale, Gilbert, Imposo, Desire Hubert Bofunga Bosonga, Matondo, Patricia, Lelo, Servet, Kalambayi, Jeremie, Abdel-Ghaffar, Mohamed, Soliman, Abdelrahman, Abdelrahman, Mostafa, Shehata, Sameh, Rabee, Alia, Heba, Mohamed Abou, Abdelfattah, Mohamed Rabei, Ghoniem, Tamer Ahmed Maher, Shehata, Sherif M.K., Lotfy, Mohamed, ElHaddad, Ahmed, Gebremeskel, Bereket, Fisseha, Girmay, Abay, Mebrahtu, Bahrey, Degena, Hika, Assefa, Ali, Abdurezak, Moges, Kindie, Ahmed, Jemal, Abdisa, Desalegn, Megersa, Abebe, Abayne, Wendwosen, Berhane, Haftom, Esayas, Reiye, Kifle, Fitsum, Desita, Kokeb, Addise, Abebe, Shimelash, Dagim, Tadesse, Shitalem, Zemedkun, Bezaye, Kenna, Peniel, Yirdie, Ayenew, Sisay, Abinet, Gashu, Tebikew, Mihretu, Fassil, Ahmed, Yesuf, Debebe, Bekele, Misgea, Abdureuf, Agmas, Amare, Assefa, Rahel, Gelmo, Abdurahman, Alemu, Seifu, Damtachew, Brook, Mersha, Merid, Chemere, Yaekob, Fekadu, Samuel, Regasa, Sintayehu, Sileshi, Bonsa, Wosen, Desalegn, Adamu, Rebira, Mulugeta, Gersam, Bacha, Teshome, Gudisa, Zewude, Bekele, Kebebe, Tasew, Alelign, Gezahegn, Habtamu, Atlaw, Daniel, Solomon, Damtew, Gebresillasie, Habtemariam, Tesfaye, Girmaye, Sarbecha, Negussie, Sahiledengle, Biniyam, Seyoum, Kenbon, Ganfure, Gemechu, Tekalegn, Yohannes, Tesfaye, Gosa, Ayichew, Temesgen, Sendaba, Shibiru, Redwan, Musefa, Muse, Eyasu, Nina, Girma, Sime, Bizuneh, Tadege, Addisalem, Jima, Anbesse, Ayalew, Nugusu, Workneh, Dagmawi, Teferi, Daniel, Nyassi, Momodou T., Sanyang, Landing N., Jallow, Omar, Keita, Abdoulie, Jammeh, Kitabu, Roberts, Charles, Idoko, Patrick, Marenah, Kebba, Njie, Masirending, Marena, Musa, Suwareh, Karamba, Boissey, Simon, Jarjusey, Fatoumatta, Jah, Awa, Sanyang, Awa, Jabbi, Dado, Camara, Kajali, Correa, Armando, Jabang, John, Jaiteh, Lamin, Dampha, Lamin, Manneh, Aminata, Sowe, Baboucarr, Bah, Abdoulie, Jawo, Edrisa, Okoje, Victoria, Baro, Momodou, Bah, Yaya, Njie, Mustapha, Mbowe, Sainabou, Kanteh, Ebrima, Ceesay, Sarjo, Manneh, Alagie, Atito-Narh, Evans, Wilson, Adwoa, Hussey, Romeo, Okine, Emmanuel, Kwarteng, Jemima, Ntiamoah, Ridge, Dadzie, Samuel, Aseti, Mark, Sowah, Naa, Appiah, Akosua, Bankah, Charles, Mburugu, Patrick, Chokwe, Thomas, Olang, Patrick, Gacii, Vernon, Nabulindo, Susane, Gatheru, Antony, Mwiti, Timothy, Mwangi, Caroline, Muriithi, Julius, Ojuka, Daniel, Ogutu, Omondi, Masitara, Evans, Chaudhry, Mohamed, Kamundi, Reuben, Kangangi, Annmarie, Massaquoi, Thomas, Takow, Stephen, Moraa, Felister, Munubi, Aziz, Kimani, Moses, Wobenjo, Adili, Nguu, Linda, Omeddo, Vincent, Malaba, Rose, Nabwana, Ambrose, Mwancha, Anita, Mugaa, Alexandria, Wamwaki, John, Chege, Joyce, Sinari, Seymour, Ndonga, Andrew, Shitsinzi, Rose, Akello, Walter, Kimani, Winfred, Kirwa, Elisha, Saruni, Seno, Wainaina, Andrew, Nshom, Ernest, Kenseko, Aidah, Shisanya, Kizito, Wanjiru, Purity, Cherotich, Julliah, Kimutai, Judy, Wahome, Benson, Wangui, Grace, Wamalwa, Dennis, Mwangi, Stephen, Chege, John, Wanjiku, Tabitha, Njoki, Carolyne, Waititu, Wachira, Ambani, Conrad, Murimi, Samuel, Waithira, Sharon, Mouti, Nilson, Kibet, Collins, Kibet, John, Sokobe, Virginia, Jeymah, Beatrice, Kamadi, Antony, Gichuri, Faith, Moses, Steve, Wasike, David, Adeya, Favours, Bitta, Caesar, Ogendo, Stephen, Kariuki, Killian, BenAbdalla, Hdaya, Suliaman, Taha, Abokhzam, Fatima Ali, Isa, Mohaned, Huwaysh, Mohammed, Bourawi, Asma, Alzubaidy, Kais, Albaraesi, Mohammed, Bahroun, Sumayyah, Alhadi, Abdulmueti, Msherghi, Ahmed, Mohamed, Amira, Khaled, Ala, Aljadi, Nouran, Bareig, Elham, Elgazwi, Khaled, Elgazwi, Adel, El-busife, Ibrahim, Owhida, Safa, Eltwati, Almahdi, Elakeili, Samah, Abubaker, Taha, Elkhfeefi, Fatima, Hasan, Soha Younis, Alttaira, Amal, Elmraied, Imbarkah, Wishah, Rim, Abugassa, Omar, Ahmed, Hazem, Ellafi, Amera, Shoukrie, Shoukrie, Aldokali, Nawal, ElGammudi, Aws, Alkaseek, Akram, Elhaddad, Hoda, Alqaarh, Ayyah, Brish, Ahlam, Abudsnnuga, Malek, Albuaishi, Salsabil, Albashri, Mohammed, Morgom, Marwa, Alawami, Mohammed, Shawesh, Eman, Almabrouk, Abdullah, Alwarfalli, Moaz, Abeid, Nagia, Buzreg, Anis, Malek, Ans, Abayu, Ameerah, Abdulhafith, Butaina, Abouruwes, Wedad, Albakuri, Marim, Almuammari, Sabria, Alsaghair, Esam, Alreshi, Fatheia, Badi, Hassan, Alfetoey, Rabiee, Zubia, Naji, Almiqlash, Bushray, Alshuhoumi, Abdulsalam, Ben Jouira, Rayet Al-islam, Dier, Amaal, Gebril, Essra, Abdelkabir, Mohammed, Moussa, Sana, Alfitori, Marwa, Azbeda, Mabroukah, Alamin, Hajar, Barka, Ejmeya, Mosbah, Omlsaad, Abdasalam, Rema, Hiyoum, Miftah, Abd allateef, Maryam, Altomi, Ibrahim, Alsakloul, Mahdi, Karami, Ekhlas, Alriqeeq, Munyah, Omar, Mabruka, Samer, Ashraf, Aemeesh, Aml, Bouhuwaish, Ahmad, Elusta, Ahmed, Ahmeed, Sultan, Hassan, Wesal AlFighi, Altayr, Mouadah Ali, Addalla, Mohamed, Geddeda, Abrar, Khoja, Kheria, Alhaj, Doaa, Etturki, Muaad, Elhadi, Ahmed, Ellojli, Ibrahim, Shuwayyah, Anshirah, Elfaghih, Ahmed, Alduwayb, Malak, Aleiyan, Mohamed, Aboubreeq, Wedad, Alkassem, Soliman, Ashour, Sami, Ben Hasan, Hayat, Ben Hasan, Najat, Yahya, Ali, Chisala, Palesa, Kommwa, Edward, Simwinga, Lusayo, Chalira, Agness, Kachitsa, Precious, Mtalimanja, Onias, Traoré, Drissa, Sissoko, Moussa, Camara, Moussa, Koita, Adama, Koumaré, Sekou, Sacko, Omar, Coulibaly, Mahamadou, Soumaré, Lamine, Keita, Soumaïla, Keita, Sidiki, Dicko, Hamadoun, Diallo, Boubacar, Bengaly, Boureima, Keita, Mohamed, Diallo, Siaka, Ouattara, Drissa, Ongoiba, Nouhoun, Beye, Seydina, Berthe, Honoré, Diakite, Mamadou, Sima, Mamadou, Togo, Adégné, Dembele, Bakary, Diango, Djibo, Samake, Moussa, Traoré, Youssouf, Traoré, Louis, Oumar, Ongoïba, Gaoussou, Sogoba, Traoré, Issaga, Sangaré, Sidy, Kanté, Doua, Cissé, Lassana, Souleymane, Thiam, Koniba, Keita, Maiyalagan, Sundaresan, Chong, Julien, Mohit, Adil, Mungar, Khushyant, Vinayagam, Shankaran, Ramlochun, Kevin, Sim, Jamie, Sneha, Desai, Kissoon, Vishaal, Tseung, Yan, Aboobakar, Mohamed, Fokeerah, Nitish, Ramsewak, Ravi, Gopall, Jayprakash, Abeeluck, Meetheelesh, Seewoo, Varun, Jankee, Divyanand, Puryag, Ashveen, Beemadoo, Senthil, Deenoo, Yashraj, Goureah, Abhisek, Makoon, Munawwara, Rambojan, Hemanshu, Shanjugsingh, Beeharry, Viraswami, Kevin, Joomye, Shehzaad, Bhugwandass, Ashwant, Deelawar, Bibi, Leelodharry, Vakil, Mungur, Luckshmanraj, Aungraheeta, Sajid, Bhajoo, Sirsingh, Rajcoomar, Manpreet, Seetaram, Rishi, Gaya, Subha, Batra, Gini, Sunnassee, Yoshvin, Petkar, Shailendra, Hicham, Sbai, Smail, Labib, Said, Ait Laalim, Youssef, Motaai, Doumiri, Mouhssine, Alilou, Mustapha, Farnaoui, Nora, Bensghir, Mustapha, Elkoundi, Abdelghafour, Jaafari, Abdelhamid, Elwali, Abderhmann, Meziane, Mohammed, Atmani, Walid, Rebahi, Houssam, Chichou, Hajar, Zarouf, Safae, Soummani, Abderraouf, Taoufik, Abou Elhassan, Essafti, Meryem, Traoré, Aminata Oumou, Hamza, Hamzaoui, Berdai, Adnane, Linda, El allani, Oussama, Salhi, Mucopo, Nelson, Banze, Machado, Saide, Mouzinho, Sitoi, Tomas, Machava, Artur, Carlos, Antonio, Guidione, Amilton, de Carvalho, Antonio Saide, Gemo, Natacha, Camal, Samiro Sema, Cuna, Arsénio, Madeira, Ornelos, Assuade, Ladino, Fernandes, Dercio Amde, Fernandes, Dulce Alexandre Machavae, Sebastião, Mandua, Sikombe, Bernard, Kandjimi, Matti, Shekimweri, Ayoub, Shilomboleni, Diana, Kandjii, Mbaundju, Kabongo, Leonard, Hangero, Cholastic, Ndjoze, Ike, Nailonga, Ruben, Uukonga, Immanuel, Nakanyala, Uutoni, Johannes, Lavinia, Haruzuvi, Adrian, Terblanche, Chris, Shimenda, Natangwe, Katjipu, Delwina, Shalimba, Hilma, Kaweendwa, Juliah, Mbuyi, Ali, Oyedele, John, Mulolo, Mapumba, Njuki, Peter, Ndaie, Mutombo, Munyika, Akutu, Katangolo, Hilma, Tjiyokola, David, Mhene, Tawanda, Masiambiri, Archbald, Mandudzo, Paidamoyo, Kapepiso, Sandra, Mavesere, Haziel, Tjihoto, Cedia, Manyere, Daylight, Kauraisa, Charlotte, Garanowako, Learnmore, Tune, Michael, DeKlerk, William, Ndolo, Benvenue, Angula, Maria, Hishekwa, Ndapewoshali, Nandjendja, Elizabeth, Tsauses, Elsabe, Mouton, Eunice, Katandawa, Kudzai, Bruwer, Sophia, Van Staden, Jaydee, Siteketa, Beata, Kaholongo, Beata, Ntinda, Martha, Nashidengo, Pueya, Kandjumbwa, Johanna, Lipumbu, Lahia, Sirfi, Moussa, Djibo, Fouma, Mahaman, Moutari, Bachir, Abdoulaye Mahaman, Mamane, Maikassoua, Ousseini, Adakal, Hamissou Souley, Maman Noury, Oumarou, Rabo, Idrissa, Rekia, Ichaou, Moussa, Saley, Amina, Seyni, Abdoulay, Amadou, Sahabi, Mahamane Laminou, Mahamane Sani, Camara, Issoufou Moustapha, Gagara, Moussa, Daddy, Hadjara Rabiou, Adamou, Harissou, Magagi, Ibrahim Amadou, Habou, Oumarou, Ramatou, Sabo, Kadas, Saidu, Mohammed, Rabiu, Ballah, Abubakar, Olalekan, Tella, Bwala, Kefas, Adamu, Mohammed, Isa, Adamu, Adeyeye, Ademola, Fayose, Samuel, Akinmade, Akinola, Ajayi, Taiwo, Nwasor, Elizabeth, Yakubu, Saidu, Ugwu, Euphemia, Mukoro, George, Ahmed, Muhammed, Akafa, Gideon, Lawal, Ahmad, Nwoye, Daniel, Odigbo, Michael, Sarkin-Pawa, Zulaihatu, Sholadoye, Tunde, Fomete, Benjamin, Yakubu, Hamisu, Kabiru, Abdulkadir, Timothy, Samaila, Yusuf, Ali, Saadu, Tasiu, Mohammed, Babangida, Yunus, Abdulghaffar, Olagunju, Ganiyat, Aminu, Muhammad, Idris, Mohammad, Tolani, Musliu, Dalhat, Nasiru, Gana, Samuel, Adike, Talent, Anyanwu, Lofty-John, Sheshe, Abdurrahman, Aji, Sani, Atiku, Mamuda, Attah, Raphael, Muhammed, Abubakar, Oseni, Rasaki, Salisu-Kabara, Halima, Nkemjika, Benjamin, Salami, Omotayo, Akadri, Adekunle, Olayinka, Bukola, Onuoha, Clement, Jamaare, Umar Usman, Jibrin, Auwalu Saminu, Abdullahi, Sani Giade, Ishaku, Ibrahim, Odewabi, Adenike, Bamigboye, John, Kuforiji, Oladapo, Ogo, Chidiebere, Ogunmuyiwa, Stella, Abdurrazzaaq, Abdussemee, Tanimola, Adebayo, Adeyanju, Michael, Andero, Oluwatimilehin, Ojo, Temitope, Adedotun, Olusi, Kehinde, Gbadamosi, Buraimoh, Jimoh, Muhammad, Kabiru, Baidoo, Sophia, Okoli, Patrick, Adigun, Azeez, Ezeonye, Ekene, Isa, Kabir, Aremu-Kasumu, Yetunde, Shoretire, Kamil, Enesi, Peter, Ezike, Amechi, Olawoye, Olatunde, Ugwu, Emmanuel, Ukah, Christopher, Olugbenga, Abolade, Chidiebere, Nwachukwu, Abdulraman, Nasiru, Olusegun, Adebiyi, Halisa, Alisa, Yusuf, Semiat, Salisu, Jamila, Okoro, Chidiebube, Suleiman, Abdul, Onowighose, Fabian, Farinyaro, Aliyu, Baba, Suleiman, Abdulmajid, Umar, Abdurrahman, Aisha, Obi, Ogochukwu, Alabi, Olatunde, Adeyemi, William, Salau, Jelili, Taiwo, Jones, Nwafulume, Nnaemeka, Ibiyeye, Taiye, Agu, Edith, Danboy, Ayodeji, Abdulazeez, James, Ekwunife, Christopher, Nnaji, Chimaobi, Onyekpere, Chigozirim, Arunsi, Amara, Egwim, Jude, Nwana, Obianuju, Ojiegbe, Nnabuike, Mbamba, Charles, Ngwu, Paul, Imahigbe, Frank, Okoroji, Emmanuel, Ikenna, Iloh, Mohammed, Abdulrahman, Adeniyi, Adebayo, Ariyo, Toluwalope, Gabriel, Olajide, Orewole, Tesleem, Idris, Salawu, Adebara, Idowu, Okunlola, Abiodun, Akinbade, Akinwale, Afolabi, Oluwasesan, Bakare, Adewumi, Adeyemo, Olabisi, Ugwu, Benjamin, Nuhu, Samuel, Embu, Henry, Isamade, Erdoo, Obikili, Chinedu, Ocheke, Amaka, Peter, Solomon, Orshio, Donald, Onuminya, Peter, Okopi, Jack, Bankole, Olufemi, Afolabi, Bosede, Osinowo, Dapo, Oluwole, Ayodeji, Rotimi, Muyiwa, Desalu, Ibironke, Ojewola, Rufus, Mofikoya, Bolaji, Owonikoko, Kola, Adeoye, Adeolu, Bobo, Temidayo, Akinloye, Taiwo, Ama, David, Okoronkwo, Ebere, Mahmud, Muhammad, Adebiyi, Jamiu, Babalola, Temitope, Muhammad, Mansur, Aruna, Afeez, Osazuwa, Maryrose, Yusuf, Ayodeji, Lawal, Isiaka, Fidelis, Bitrus, Pius, Rephath, Jomosu, Cyril, Adedayo, Adebayo, Aliyu, Abubakar, Agholor, Adaora, Abdulazeez, Abdullateef, Bala, Chabiya, Eze, Eziamaka, Ani, Elizabeth, Okeke, Uchenna, Adebayo, Dominica, Ekwunife, Okechukwu, Modekwe, Victor, Ugwunne, Chuka, Okoro, Chukwuemeka, Uche, Chisom, Olateju, Simeon, Ige-Orhionkpaibima, Fred, Adetoye, Adedapo, Aaron, Olurotimi, Abimbola, Jeremiah, Faponle, Folayemi, Ajayeoba, Olumuyiwa, Jagun, Olusoji, Fatungase, Oluwabunmi, Akiseku, Adeniyi, Nwokoro, Chigbundu, Shoyemi, Ramotalai, Ogundele, Ibukunolu, Joseph, Nankat, Bura, Salihu, Nwezoku, Chukwuka, Bwala, Manu, Philips, Meshach, Usman, Abubakar, Filibus, Emmanuel, Umate, Zara, Chukwuka, Nwabuoke, Nuhu, Ahmed, Ibrahim, Watakiri, Nggada, James, Izge, Ali, Ismail, Musa, Eyelade, Olayinka, Adigun, Tinuola, Osinaike, Babatunde, Ogunbode, Olayinka, Idowu, Olusola, Lawal, Taiwo, Ogundiran, Temidayo, Shittu, Olayiwola, Ayandipo, Omobolaji, Edino, Stephen, Songden, Zumnan, Akitoye, Olumide, Ekele, Bissallah, Akaba, Godwin, Atim, Terkaa, Adeleke, Akitoye, Okochi, Owoicho, Akeju, Sunday, Ukpoju, Ernest, Osaheni, Osayomwanbo, Obaseki, Ifunanya, Kehinde, Lateef, Monday, Osawemwenze, Nte, Stanley, Agboifo, Adesuwa, Dawodu, Omajuwa, Orhiere, Precious, Atiti, David, Kalu, Queeneth, Effiom, Felix, Kolawole, Israel, Ojo, Olawale, Olabinjo, Afusat, Ige, Olufemi, Ogunyemi, Beatrice, Oladosu, Olusola, Adesina, Kikelomo, Agodirin, Sulaiman, Shittu, Asimiyu, Idrisa, Audu, Adamu, Sadiq, Ali, Nuhu, Adewunmi, Olayinka, Nwankwor, Stephen, Olakanmi, Akinwumi, Ajayi, Oluseye, Ajayi, Ayotolu, Ogunmola, Victor, Olakanmi, Oluwafunke, Kuranga, Adam, Uche, Enoch, Osuagwu, Chukwuemeka, Ilo, Chukwudi, Matthew, Mesi, Uko, Uko, Mba, Ngozi, Alagbe-Briggs, Olubusola, Dodiyi-Manuel, Amabra, Onajin-Obembe, Bisola, Obasuyi, Bright, Echem, Richard, Mike-Elechi, Ihuoma, Otokwala, Job, Edubio, Mark, Eyo, Catherine, Udo, Isaac, Abdulrahman, Aliyu, Abdullahi, A.A., Bello, Ibrahim Galadima, Mohammed, Usman Adinoyin, Oyaromade, Abidemi, Bello, Mohammed, Muhammad, Usman, Mbah, Emeri, Okereke, Hyacinth, Aminu, Almustapha, Ahmadu, Anthony, Rogers, Abu, Samai, Peter, Amara, Sao, Yankuba, Margaret, Josayah, Mary, Jnr, Jayah Swarray, Dawo, Alusine, George, Peter, Kabba, Mustapha, Bah, Mohamed, Mondeh, Charles, Kapuwa, Ibrahim, Sheku, Mohamed, Mattia, Philip, Sesay, Brima, Omoshoro-Jones, Jones O.A., Mbeki, Motselisi, Cloete, Estie, Anderson, Philip, Mrara, Busi, Steyn, Annemarie, Mhlari, Tsakani, Proctor, Nic, Robertson, Caroline, Lamacroft, Gillian, Singh, Usha, Sikhakhane, Sebenzile, Gate, Kelly, Nzenza, Shepherd, Kasonga, John Tshimbalanga, Ndebele, Sibongile, Kande, Patrick Lufuta, Davids, Jody, Orlandi, Tino-vito, de Jong, Marischka, Stark, Hugo, Roodt, Francois, Hall, Jonathan, Nortje, Ian, Akpakan, Akanimo, Govindasamy, Vishendran, Sathiram, Ronisha, Kathrada, Mohammad, Farina, Zane, Frittella, Lucio, Kohler, Charles, Lubelwana, Sibuyiselwe, Ikram-Hameed, Sarwat, Smit, Adriaan, Cassiem, Muneerah, Freeman, Yvonne, Goga, Saaliha, Cronje, Larissa, Buzdugan, Constantin, Chirkut, Subash, Singh, Priyadeshni, Jithoo, Sandhya, Rughubar, Vivesh, Arnold, John, Bipath, Rishan, Kinoo, Suman Mewa, Msolo, Ncumisa Khanyisa, Ackermans-Deijnen, Fleur, Boka, Tshegofatso Mmasello Emma, Greenwood, Martyn Biccard, Jayrajh, Shakthi Anand, Naidoo, Devarani, Reddy, Syndrini, Rungan, Devandiran Harriraman, Subrayen, Kylene, Roos, John, Tredoux, Nina, Plumacher, Pascal, Reed, Anthony, Steinhaus, Harald, Nock, Mariesa, Herselman, Paul Ryan, Davies, Gareth, Harvey, Talitha, Muller, Franklin, Naude, Willem, Pretorius, Tania, Swart, Johan Jochemus, Walls, Merryn, Gokal, Prashant, Rorke, Nicolette, Dhoodhat, Farzaana, Dzanibe, Precious, Hussain, Mohammed Yusuf, Junpath, Ashmita, Maharaj, Ameela, Makanisi, Hylda, Moosa, Khalid, Wong, Ting Ting, Mould, Sean, Ramsamy, Trisha, Matos-Puig, Roel, Morgan, Hayley, Nabeebuccas, Nadeem, Naidoo, Ria Devi, Pather, Viantha, Bahadur, Vasheel Vasheel, Pillay, Renilda, Fullerton, Zahnne, Bell, Nicole, Grey, Bongisa, Visentin, Vincent Lorenzo, Van Zyl, Hendrik Adriaan, Killingbeck, Terri Anne, Maneveldt, Emile, Thiart, Gerhard, Venter, Magdelena May, Swart, Oostewalt, Grobelaar, Mariette, Cairns, Carel, Bishop, David, Steenkamp, Christien, Khumalo, Thandekile, Naidoo, Noel, Murray, Ross, Kopieniak, Martin, Sishange, Melusi, Ndimande, Mxolisi Brian, Jaworska, Megan, Ikram, Sarwat, Rainier, Bence, Liebenberg, Renier J., Zwiegers, Helena D., Nortje, Philip M., Bhagwan, Kamal, Flint, Margot, Dyer, Robert, Adams, Simone, Bwambale, Yoshua, Ngomo, Danny, Kanku, Patrice, Pillay, Nivashen, de Castro, Alexa, Maharaj, Atisha, Carim, Janine, Taylor, Jenna Leigh, Köhne, Karl M., Drummond, Leanne W., Temlett, Leanne, Geldenhuys, Lieze, Seilbea, Yvonne, Naidoo, Kathryn, Kalafatis, Nicola A., Verwey, Stefné, Biyase, Thulile, Kisten, Theroshnie, Kusel, Belinda S., Hardcastle, Timothy Craig, Magagula, Richard, Kampik, Christian, Xulu, Kuzolunga, Solala, Sivuyisiwe, Sayed, Mia, Enicker, Basil, Madaree, Anil, Mukama, Innocent, Madombwe, Gladmore, Zulu, Nonhlanhla, Gasa, Nompumelelo, Kanjana, Nokuzula, Buthelezi, Sebenzile, Buthelezi, Thembelihle, Brink, Andries, Potgieter, Francois, Mrara, Busisiwe, Alexander, Zaynab, Choto, Charles, Ima, Paula, Gxagxisa, Zintle, Ningiza, Baphethuxolo, Lamacraft, Gillian, Mogorosi, Jerome, du Plessis, Nadia, de Man, Leonie, Thompson, Suné, van Heerden, Gerrit, Turton, Edwin W., van der Linde, Pieter M., Teme-Pitse, Josephine K., Tladi, Reitumetse, Saffy, Gillian D., Roscher, Ene-Mari, Fortune, Kristel, Barnard, George, Makhasane, Tiisetso, Bowen, Evan, Pal, Akangcha, Moore, Rachel, Fourtounas, Maria, Adam, Mary Augusta, Arumugan, Renessa, Hyman, Gabriella, Jonosky, Jaclyn, Makondo, Maninginingi, Moodley, Heveshan, Munda, Phillip, Nyalungu, Mzwandile, Olusola, Victor, Pinto, Sohan Zane, Pillay, Tristan, Singh, Lucinda, Wondoh, Paul Mwindekuma, Devar, John, Baloyi-Mnisi, Boitumelo, Koto, Zach, Mabitsela, Matlou Ernest, Ndlovu, Sibongile Ruth, Mthelebofu, Branny, Beck, Colin, Dold, Matthew, Fan, Alice, MacQueen, Shannon, Matabata, Thembani, Mpehle, Catherine, Kulenkampf, Charné, Mhlari, Tsakani McCreath, Nyoka-Mokgalong, Simangele Cecilia, Masinge, Felix Thumba, Gunpath, Randhir Ramnath, Pat Mothwa, Maropeng Petrus, Mothwa, Jo-Anne Asenath, Mhlanga, Danai, Colly, Jamie-Lyn, Peter, Aunel Mallier, Ben Hameda, Khalid, Mokae, Pulane, Moumakoe, Stella Josephine, Ekeh, Kelechi, Lengo, Nezingu, Booyens, Marnus, Seale, Inge Louise, Theron, Pieter Daniel, Schuman, Nicolaas Abraham, Sonn, Amber Carlyn, Stander, Jacobus Lukas, Cloete, Nadia, Cloete, Marius, Makepeace, Catherine Ann, van der Westhuizen, Ronel, Messiahs, Leanne Robyn, Visagie, Amy Ruth, Vawda, Fatima, Voster, Frans Christiaan, Dhilraj, Deepika, Smith, Oliver, Bolon, Stefan, Montwedi, Daniel, Mbeki, Motsilisi, Wyngaard, Jayde, Ngcelwane, Mthunzi, Kleyenstuber, Thomas, Phukubye, Phyllis, Schärf, Liesel, Laker, Grace, Semenya, Elizabeth, Dembskey, Reinhard, Tarlton, Thomas, Jiri, Tapiwa, Mushid, Ngoie Hubert, Ngwenya, Nhlanhla Samuel, Mogodi, Hazel Morongoa, Sinevici, Carmen, Usenbo, Anthony Osarogie, Fodo, Naledi, Chimini, Anesu, Sikobi, Ntetelelo, Nokwange, Sinovuyo, Noqhamza, Mluleki, Thembisa, Qumba, Bhat, Kajake Anantha Padmanabha, Mathew, Rabin, Middleton, Katrin, Adewunmi, Abdus-sami, Dickson, Craig, Bulbulia, Humairah, Bester, Bianka, de Klerk, Michelle, Benade, Christia, Viljoen, Francois, Fischer, Monique, Alfaki, Khalid, Awad, Abdalmalik, Algray, Abdelsalam, Elsiddig, Mohammed, Mohamed, Suha, Mahmoud, Salih, Osman, Muhammed, Elgailany, Asia, Suliman, Mazin, Mohammed, Hanaa, Aljeally, Lina, Dirar, Mohammed, Osman, Mohammed, Mohamed, Mazin, Elhasan, Mohamed, Widatalla, Abrar, Abubakr, Abubakr, Mohamed, Eman, Nour, Alshareef, Gama, Ntonto Doris, Shabangu, Dolorosa Khetsiwe, Iradikunda, Cynthia, Mkoko, Samuel, Kisanga, Paul, Lema, Emmanuel, Lyimo, Benson, Binde, Mohamed, Chandika, Alphonce, Salim, Salim, Jumbe, Sylvia, Makubi, Abel, Kotecha, Vihar, Kachinde, Felician, Nyakiroto, Museleta, Jitambi, Emmanuel, Geofrey, Venant, Josiah, Johaphes, Makubi, Phinius, Manumbu, Frank, Mlingwa, Suzan, Ibenzi, Ernest, Mbelle, Peter, Peleus, Kato, Chiwanga, Enid, Richard, Nillah, Leonard, Shoo, Sanka, Paulo, Mushi, Subira, Nyangasa, Bashir, Janabi, Mohamed, Majani, Naizihijwa, Palangyo, Pedro, Nyawawa, Evarist, Ramadhan, William, Lydenge, Faraj, Masenga, Gileard Gabriel, Rashid, Sakina, Jusabani, Mubashir, Ndebea, Ansbert, Cheru, Jenitha, Henjewele, Margaret, Kilimanjaro, Greyson, Sikimata, Sarah, Donatus, Deocles, Maduhu, Hazina, Mariro, Tumaini, Massasi, Given, Shabani, Moshi Moshi, Cholela, Braison, Mgeleka, Marco, Mbilinyi, Yohatinus, Chiwanga, Faraja, Exavery, Bilton, Haule, Caspar, Ndile, Samson, Harya, Sirili, Magandi, Julieth, Manyama, Deogratius, Matindi, Redempta, Moshi, Adam, Kitwana, Daudi, Makia, Merida, Muhochi, Philip, Herman, Miriam, Miombo, Clauda, Kahindo, Furaha, Kishebuka, Langtone, Ussiri, Elijah, Kinasa, Gloria, Adel, Patrick, Malaba, Eric, Sakwari, Vensesla, Lugereka, Sadot, Mungia, Mohamed, Mocha, George, Wella, Herman, Protas, Cecilia, Karua, Patrick, Kashagama, Ahmada, Mwasambugu, Faraja, Kajeri, Suzana, Mchilla, Jacquiline, Lucumay, Elibariki, Maise, Robert, Marti, Amon, Mahundi, Beatrice, Jager, Frederika, Majani, Charles, Rukeha, Ludovick, Mohamed, Tareeq, Fuad, Nabila, Halinga, Winifrida, Chrisant, Elias, Msoma, Gilbert, Kihwili, Titus, Temu, Gadiel, Yusuf, Naima, Saleh, Rashid, Inoja, Rashid, Shang'a, Eva, Ibrahim, Stella, Msuma, Hussein, Edward, Edwin, Kilamile, Paul, Mwakyolile, Stephen, Adja, Talkana, Gueouguede, Edem, Oussene Seddoh, Hafoudhoi, Adam, Saliou, Egbohou, Pilakimwe, Ahomagnon, Mawunyo, Kadjossou, Olivier, Boukari, Abdul-Bassiti, Nabukenya, Mary T., Muhindo, Ruth, Waswa, Peter, Agaba, Peter Kaahwa, Kabatoro, Daphne, Kayongo, Joseph, Naggujja, Margaret, Rehema, Nabasiige, Nansubuga, Phiona, Kavuma, Daniel, Lubikire, Aggrey, Bisilikirwa, Hope, Ssebaggala, Godfrey, Muwema, Emmanuel, Agaba, Humble Joan, Kiconco, John, Wataaka, Nicholas, Chan, Bonet, Nampawu, Mary Juliet, Bulamba, Fred, Bua, Emmanuel, Mugala, Christine, Nyakato, Caroline, Ochieng, John Paul, Jovia, Linda Kyomuhendo, Kateregga, George, Alum, Rachel, Najjuma, Lazia, Nampiina, Gorret, Kintu, Andrew, Sempiira, Joshua, Simon, Luzige, Kayima, Peter, Eyul, Jacob, Odwar, Erick, Nkwine, Rita, Namata, Christine, Nabakka, Elizabeth, Kakaire, Denis, Mushangwe-Mtisi, Velda, Munhamo, Erisha, Dhege, Celestino, Hungwa, Juliet, Jasi, Hemish, Ntoto, Crispin, Matsika, Derek, Mutseyekwa, Brightson, Zimbovoora, Joseph, Gudyanga, Beaulah, Mazingi, Dennis, Mbanje, Chenesa, Mlambo, Busisiwe, Chiwanga, Michael, Chifamba, Harunavamwe N., Zhou, Sarudzai, Hove, Esta, Dende, Shamiso, Manjengwa, Beauty, Kapisa, Penias, Mashava, Chiura, Caritas, Katsukunya, Locadia, Muguti, Godfrey, Mashava, Doreen, Ndhlovu, Elton, Mangwangwa, Zanele, Dube, Nombulelo, Stephens, Timothy, Pearse, Rupert, Puchert, Mariechen, Martin, Graham, and Biccard, Bruce

Published
2021
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26. Global overview of health systems oversight and financing for kidney care

Author

Bello, Aminu K, Alrukhaimi, Mona, Ashuntantang, Gloria E, Bellorin-Font, Ezequiel, Gharbi, Mohammed Benghanem, Braam, Branko, Feehally, John, Harris, David C, Jha, Vivekanand, Jindal, Kailash, Johnson, David W, Kalantar-Zadeh, Kamyar, Kazancioglu, Rumeyza, Kerr, Peter G, Lunney, Meaghan, Olanrewaju, Timothy Olusegun, Osman, Mohamed A, Perl, Jeffrey, Rashid, Harun Ur, Rateb, Ahmed, Rondeau, Eric, Sakajiki, Aminu Muhammad, Samimi, Arian, Sola, Laura, Tchokhonelidze, Irma, Wiebe, Natasha, Yang, Chih-Wei, Ye, Feng, Zemchenkov, Alexander, Zhao, Ming-hui, and Levin, Adeera

Subjects
Clinical Research, Kidney Disease, Health and social care services research, 8.1 Organisation and delivery of services, Renal and urogenital, Good Health and Well Being, developing countries, delivery of health care, global health care, global health governance, health care financing, nephrology, Other Medical and Health Sciences
Abstract

Reliable governance and health financing are critical to the abilities of health systems in different countries to sustainably meet the health needs of their peoples, including those with kidney disease. A comprehensive understanding of existing systems and infrastructure is therefore necessary to globally identify gaps in kidney care and prioritize areas for improvement. This multinational, cross-sectional survey, conducted by the ISN as part of the Global Kidney Health Atlas, examined the oversight, financing, and perceived quality of infrastructure for kidney care across the world. Overall, 125 countries, comprising 93% of the world's population, responded to the entire survey, with 122 countries responding to questions pertaining to this domain. National oversight of kidney care was most common in high-income countries while individual hospital oversight was most common in low-income countries. Parts of Africa and the Middle East appeared to have no organized oversight system. The proportion of countries in which health care system coverage for people with kidney disease was publicly funded and free varied for AKI (56%), nondialysis chronic kidney disease (40%), dialysis (63%), and kidney transplantation (57%), but was much less common in lower income countries, particularly Africa and Southeast Asia, which relied more heavily on private funding with out-of-pocket expenses for patients. Early detection and management of kidney disease were least likely to be covered by funding models. The perceived quality of health infrastructure supporting AKI and chronic kidney disease care was rated poor to extremely poor in none of the high-income countries but was rated poor to extremely poor in over 40% of low-income countries, particularly Africa. This study demonstrated significant gaps in oversight, funding, and infrastructure supporting health services caring for patients with kidney disease, especially in low- and middle-income countries.

Published
2018

27. Characterization and cytogenotoxicity of water samples from Challawa River in Kano, Northwest Nigeria

Author

Tajudeen Yahaya, Esther Oladele, Mutiu Sifau, Aminu Muhammad, and Esther Obijaku

Subjects
bi-nucleated cells, bod, cytogenetics, microbes, mitotic index, Technology, Technology (General), T1-995, Science, Science (General), Q1-390
Abstract

This study assessed the cytogenotoxicity of water samples obtained at the discharge site and about 1.5 km downstream of the discharge site of a textile factory along Challawa River, Kano, Nigeria. After physicochemical and microbial characterizations, water samples were used to grow 20 Allium cepa bulbs divided into two equal groups for 72 hrs. A control group was similarly conducted, but was grown over deionized water. Root-tips of the bulbs were then examined for chromosomal aberrations. Physicochemical analysis showed that the levels of Ca, Cd, Cr, Pb, DO, BOD, COD, turbidity, and nitrate in both water samples were not within WHO standards. Only the bacterial loads of samples from 1.5 km distance were abnormal in the microbial analysis. A significant (p

Published
2021
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28. Cellular Architecture on Whole Slide Images Allows the Prediction of Survival in Lung Adenocarcinoma

Author

Chen, Pingjun, primary, Saad, Maliazurina B., additional, Rojas, Frank R., additional, Salehjahromi, Morteza, additional, Aminu, Muhammad, additional, Bandyopadhyay, Rukhmini, additional, Hong, Lingzhi, additional, Ebare, Kingsley, additional, Behrens, Carmen, additional, Gibbons, Don L., additional, Kalhor, Neda, additional, Heymach, John V., additional, Wistuba, Ignacio I., additional, Solis Soto, Luisa M., additional, Zhang, Jianjun, additional, and Wu, Jia, additional

Published
2022
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29. As instituições são importantes para as importações e exportações agro-alimentares entre a China e África? Uma análise do modelo gravitacional

Author

Abdullahi, Nazir Muhammad, Shahriar, Saleh, Kea, Sokvibol, Ali Ibrahim, Adamu, Abdullahi, Aminu Muhammad, Abdullahi, Nazir Muhammad, Shahriar, Saleh, Kea, Sokvibol, Ali Ibrahim, Adamu, and Abdullahi, Aminu Muhammad

Abstract

O presente documento tem por objetivo estudar o papel da qualidade institucional no comércio agroalimentar (importação e exportação) entre a China e 48 países africanos durante o período 2001-2021. Foi utilizado o modelo gravitacional do comércio, estimando os estimadores Generalised Least Square (GLS) e Poisson Pseudo-Maximum Likelihood (PPML), que incluem fluxos comerciais nulos para dados de painel. Os principais resultados mostram que a voz e a responsabilização, o controlo da corrupção e o Estado de direito aumentam os fluxos comerciais agro-alimentares. A instabilidade política incentiva as exportações agro-alimentares para a China. Além disso, a dimensão económica da China, o custo do comércio (distância) e a população dos países africanos também incentivam o comércio agroalimentar entre a China e as economias africanas. Por outro lado, o acesso ao mar, a política cambial e a dimensão económica dos países africanos reduzem as importações agro-alimentares da China provenientes de África. Mostrámos o mecanismo através do qual cada variável institucional afecta os fluxos comerciais agro-alimentares da China para os países africanos.

Published
2024

30. Maternal and Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality Among Pregnant Women With and Without COVID-19 Infection: The INTERCOVID Multinational Cohort Study

Author

Villar, José, Ariff, Shabina, Gunier, Robert B., Thiruvengadam, Ramachandran, Rauch, Stephen, Kholin, Alexey, Roggero, Paola, Prefumo, Federico, do Vale, Marynéa Silva, Cardona-Perez, Jorge Arturo, Maiz, Nerea, Cetin, Irene, Savasi, Valeria, Deruelle, Philippe, Easter, Sarah Rae, Sichitiu, Joanna, Soto Conti, Constanza P., Ernawati, Ernawati, Mhatre, Mohak, Teji, Jagjit Singh, Liu, Becky, Capelli, Carola, Oberto, Manuela, Salazar, Laura, Gravett, Michael G., Cavoretto, Paolo Ivo, Nachinab, Vincent Bizor, Galadanci, Hadiza, Oros, Daniel, Ayede, Adejumoke Idowu, Sentilhes, Loïc, Bako, Babagana, Savorani, Mónica, Cena, Hellas, García-May, Perla K., Etuk, Saturday, Casale, Roberto, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Ikenoue, Satoru, Aminu, Muhammad Baffah, Vecciarelli, Carmen, Duro, Eduardo A., Usman, Mustapha Ado, John-Akinola, Yetunde, Nieto, Ricardo, Ferrazi, Enrico, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., Langer, Ana, Kennedy, Stephen H., and Papageorghiou, Aris T.

Published
2022
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31. Kidney transplant-related medical tourism in patients with end-stage renal disease: A report from a renal center in a developing nation

Author

Hamidu Muhammad Liman, Muhammad Aliyu Makusidi, and Aminu Muhammad Sakajiki

Subjects
end-stage renal disease, kidney transplant, medical tourism, Medicine
Abstract

Background: Kidney transplant-related medical tourism is still prevalent in developing countries for patients with end stage renal disease. Objectives: We set out to review our single centre experience with kidney transplant-related medical tourism. Materials and Methods: We reviewed the demographic and clinical characteristics of our endstage renal disease patients who opted for kidney transplant over an 11 year period. Endpoint was kidney transplantation. Data was analysed with SPSS Statistical software Version 20. Results: A total of 27 patients were referred for kidney transplant evaluation, out of which 12(44.4%) were transplanted. All the 15 patients who were not transplanted died within one year of returning to our centre. The finding of co-morbidity during pre-transplant evaluation and lack of a suitable donor were the major reasons for our patients returning without a transplant. Of those who were transplanted, 5(41.7%) patients died from various complications. Conclusion: Kidney transplant-related medical tourism is still prevalent in Nigeria. Comorbidity and lack of suitable donor remain important impediments to kidney transplantation even when finance is available. Local Kidney transplant needs to be encouraged in Nigeria.

Published
2020
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36. Nigeria’s cocoa exports: a gravity model approach

Author

Nazir Muhammad Abdullahi, Saleh Shahriar, Sokvibol Kea, Aminu Muhammad Abdullahi, Qianggiang Zhang, and Xuexi Huo

Subjects
cocoa exports, Heckman section model, Generalized least square (GLS), Poisson pseudo-maximum-likelihood (PPML), panel data, Agriculture, Agriculture (General), S1-972
Abstract

ABSTRACT: What are the major factors affecting Nigeria’s cocoa export flows? In answering this question, the authors suggest a commodity-specific gravity model with three different analytical approaches, (the Heckman Sample Selection Model, the Generalised Least Square, and the Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood), based on a period of 24 years of panel data for Nigeria and it’s 36 importing partners to estimate the models. The results showed that GDP, exchange rate policy, WTO, EU, and colonial link are positively associated with the Nigerian cocoa export flows. Further, the negative impact of the GDP per capita, landlocked, distance, AU, and ECOWAS are observed. The need for the expansion of exports to the trading partners, especially the EU members (Netherlands, Germany, France, United Kingdom, Belgium, Spain, etc.), Canada, Malaysia, and the USA is particularly highlighted. These results are important for the formulation of future trade policy that could boost up the Nigerian cocoa exports. This would eventually contribute to the diversification of the Nigerian exports and also enhance the country’s foreign earnings.

Published
2021
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37. Phytochemical Screening, Cytotoxicity and Antioxidant Activities of Leaves Extracts from Eucalyptus citriodora

Author

Musa Maikudi Idris, Adamu Mohammed Yelwa, and Aminu Muhammad

Subjects
Eucalyptus, phytochemicals, brine shrimp, antioxidant, Pharmacy and materia medica, RS1-441, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

The genus Eucalyptus has been used in African traditional medicine for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. In this work, chloroform and methanol extracts from the leaves of Eucalyptus citriodora was investigated for their phytochemicals, cytotoxicity and antioxidant potentials. Phytochemical screening of the extracts showed the presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, phenols, reducing sugar and steroids in the methanol extract. IR absorptions of the extract supported the presence of these phytochemicals by revealing the bands 3335 cm-1 (O-H), 1613, 1480 cm-1 (C=C) and 1721 cm-1 (C=O). Evaluation of the cytotoxicity of the methanol extract using brine shrimp assay, suggested that, the extract was not toxic with LC50 value of 1.64 mg/mL. Antioxidant potentials of both chloroform and methanol extracts were determined using phenolic content quantification and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging. Methanol extract (37.32 ?g TAE/mg) had higher phenolic content than the chloroform extract (12.09 ?g TAE/mg). The radical scavenging potentials of the extracts recorded inhibitory activities of IC50 values of 892.7 ?g/mL (chloroform extract) and 8.3 ?g/mL (methanol extracts) relative to the positive control values of 31.1 ?g/mL (butylated hydroxytoluene) and 3.5 ?g/mL (ascorbic acid). These results showed that E. citriodora might contain promising antioxidant agents.

Published
2021
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38. X-ray diffraction (XRD) profile analysis and optical properties of Klockmannite copper selenide nanoparticles synthesized via microwave assisted technique

Author

Ibrahim Garba Shitu, Kamil Kayode Katibi, Lawan Sani Taura, Aminu Muhammad, Idris Muhammad Chiromawa, Suleiman Bashir Adamu, and Sani Garba Durumin Iya

Subjects
Process Chemistry and Technology, Materials Chemistry, Ceramics and Composites, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Published
2023
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39. Optimum Portland Cement-Guinea Corn Husk Ash Blend as Filler in Hot Mix Asphalt

Author

Abdulmumin Ahmed Shuaibu, Aliyu Mani Umar, Hassan Suleiman Otuoze, Ashiru Mohammed, and Aminu Muhammad Abba

Subjects
Technology
Abstract

Abstract- Dwindling natural resources and the negative environmental impact that comes with the industrial processing of construction materials are the driving forces to man’s quest for cleaner (green) and cheaper alternative construction materials. Among such alternatives include agricultural wastes. Guinea corn husk ash (GCHA), an agricultural waste obtained from the incineration of Guinea corn husk, has shown potentials of been used as filler material in hot mix asphalt due to its pozzolanic properties. Thus, this research aims to assess the strength and durability properties of hot mix asphalt with the incorporation of GCHA as a partial replacement for filler (cement). Marshal mix design method was used to determine the optimum bitumen content (OBC) at no GCHA content (control mix) within the bitumen content range prescribed by Nigerian general specifications for roads and bridges (NGSRB) for bituminous courses in flexible pavements. This OBC was used to determine the optimum GCHA by replacing the primary filler with GCHA up to 45% in increments of 5%. Marshal indices and volumetric properties of samples prepared at each replacement level were determined according to relevant standards. Mixtures containing up to 20% Portland cement replacement with GCHA were found to produce competitive results against the control mix (only cement as filler). Thus, Marshall indices and volumetric properties of mixtures containing up to 20% cement replacement GCHA satisfy the minimum

Published
2020

40. Prevalence and outcome of hypoglycemia in children attending emergency pediatric unit of a specialist hospital in Nigeria

Author

Abdullahi Musa, Bilkisu Garba Ilah, Aminu Muhammad Sakajiki, Akeem Oladiran Adeniji, and Ibrahim Yusuf

Subjects
Children, hypoglycemia, outcome, prevalence, Medicine
Abstract

Background: Hypoglycemia is a common metabolic problem encountered in pediatric emergency admissions. The absence of clinical symptoms does not preclude the presence of hypoglycemia as presentation may vary from asymptomatic to central nervous system and cardiopulmonary disturbances. If untreated, hypoglycemia can result in permanent neurological damage or even death. Objectives: The objective of the study is to determine the prevalence, associated factors and outcome of hypoglycemia in pediatric emergency admissions at Ahmad Sani Yariman Bakura Specialist Hospital, Gusau, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: The study was a prospective cross-sectional study involving children aged 1 month–13 years. Blood glucose was determined at admission using Accu-Chek® Active Blood Glucose Meter, and hypoglycemia was defined as blood glucose levels

Published
2019
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44. Automated Cellular-Level Dual Global Fusion of Whole-Slide Imaging for Lung Adenocarcinoma Prognosis

Author

Diao, Songhui, primary, Chen, Pingjun, additional, Showkatian, Eman, additional, Bandyopadhyay, Rukhmini, additional, Rojas, Frank R., additional, Zhu, Bo, additional, Hong, Lingzhi, additional, Aminu, Muhammad, additional, Saad, Maliazurina B., additional, Salehjahromi, Morteza, additional, Muneer, Amgad, additional, Sujit, Sheeba J., additional, Behrens, Carmen, additional, Gibbons, Don L., additional, Heymach, John V., additional, Kalhor, Neda, additional, Wistuba, Ignacio I., additional, Solis Soto, Luisa M., additional, Zhang, Jianjun, additional, Qin, Wenjian, additional, and Wu, Jia, additional

Published
2023
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45. Heterogenous lung inflammation CT patterns distinguish pneumonia and immune checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis and complement blood biomarkers in acute myeloid leukemia: proof of concept

Author

Aminu, Muhammad, primary, Daver, Naval, additional, Godoy, Myrna C. B., additional, Shroff, Girish, additional, Wu, Carol, additional, Torre-Sada, Luis F., additional, Goizueta, Alberto, additional, Shannon, Vickie R., additional, Faiz, Saadia A., additional, Altan, Mehmet, additional, Garcia-Manero, Guillermo, additional, Kantarjian, Hagop, additional, Ravandi-Kashani, Farhad, additional, Kadia, Tapan, additional, Konopleva, Marina, additional, DiNardo, Courtney, additional, Pierce, Sherry, additional, Naing, Aung, additional, Kim, Sang T., additional, Kontoyiannis, Dimitrios P., additional, Khawaja, Fareed, additional, Chung, Caroline, additional, Wu, Jia, additional, and Sheshadri, Ajay, additional

Published
2023
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49. Fabrication of UV ZnO NRS photodetector based on seeded silicon substrate via the drop-casting technique

Author

Shireen Mohammed Abed, Sabah M. Mohammad, Zainuriah Hassan, Aminu Muhammad, and Suvindraj Rajamanickam

Subjects
Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this study is to fabricate an ultraviolet (UV) metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodetector based on zinc oxide nanorods (ZnO NRs) grown on seeded silicon (Si) substrate that was prepared by a low-cost method (drop-casting technique). Design/methodology/approach The drop-casting method was used for the seed layer deposition, the hydrothermal method was used for the growth of ZnO NRs and subsequent fabrication of UV MSM photodetector was done using the direct current sputtering technique. The performance of the fabricated MSM devices was investigated by current–voltage (I–V) measurements. The photodetection mechanism of the fabricated device was discussed. Findings Semi-vertically high-density ZnO (NRs) were effectively produced with a preferential orientation along the (002) direction, and increased crystallinity is confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. Photoluminescence results show a high UV region. The fabricated MSM UV photodetector showed that the ZnO (NRs) MSM device has great stability over time, high photocurrent, good sensitivity and high responsivity under 365 nm wavelength illumination and 0 V, 1 V, 2 V and 3 V applied bias. The responsivity and sensitivity for the fabricated ZnO NRs UV photodetector are 0.015 A W-1, 0.383 A W-1, 1.290 A W-1 and 1.982 A W-1 and 15,030, 42.639, 100.173 and 334.029, respectively, under UV light (365 nm) illumination at (0 V, 1 V, 2 V and 3 V). Originality/value This paper uses the drop-casting technique and the hydrothermal method as simple and low-cost methods to fabricate and improve the ZnO NRs photodetector.

Published
2022
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50. Capacity for the management of kidney failure in the International Society of Nephrology North and East Asia region: report from the 2023 ISN Global Kidney Health Atlas (ISN-GKHA)

Author

Wing-Shing Fung, Winston, Park, Hyeong Cheon, Hirakawa, Yosuke, Arruebo, Silvia, Bello, Aminu K., Caskey, Fergus J., Damster, Sandrine, Donner, Jo-Ann, Jha, Vivekanand, Johnson, David W., Levin, Adeera, Malik, Charu, Nangaku, Masaomi, Okpechi, Ikechi G., Tonelli, Marcello, Ueda, Seiji, Ye, Feng, Suzuki, Yusuke, Wang, Angela Yee-Moon, Amouzegar, Atefeh, Cai, Guangyan, Chang, Jer-Ming, Chen, Hung-Chun, Cheng, Yuk Lun, Cho, Yeoungjee, Davids, M. Razeen, Davison, Sara N., Diongole, Hassane M., Divyaveer, Smita, Doi, Kent, Ekrikpo, Udeme E., Ethier, Isabelle, Fukami, Kei, Ghimire, Anukul, Houston, Ghenette, Htay, Htay, Ibrahim, Kwaifa Salihu, Imaizumi, Takahiro, Irish, Georgina, Jindal, Kailash, Kashihara, Naoki, Kelly, Dearbhla M., Lalji, Rowena, Liu, Bi-Cheng, Maruyama, Shoichi, Nalado, Aisha M., Neuen, Brendon L., Nie, Jing, Nishiyama, Akira, Olanrewaju, Timothy O., Osman, Mohamed A., Petrova, Anna, Riaz, Parnian, Saad, Syed, Sakajiki, Aminu Muhammad, See, Emily, Sozio, Stephen M., Tang, Sydney C.W., Tiv, Sophanny, Tungsanga, Somkanya, Viecelli, Andrea, Wainstein, Marina, Yanagita, Motoko, Yang, Chih-Wei, Yang, Jihyun, Yeung, Emily K., Yu, Xueqing, Zaidi, Deenaz, Zhang, Hong, and Zhou, Lili

Abstract

Globally, there remain significant disparities in the capacity and quality of kidney care, as evidenced by the third edition of the International Society of Nephrology Global Kidney Health Atlas (ISN-GKHA). In the ISN North and East Asia region, the chronic kidney disease (CKD) burden varied widely; Taiwan had the heaviest burden of treated kidney failure (3679 per million population [pmp]) followed by Japan and South Korea. Except in Hong Kong, hemodialysis (HD) was the main dialysis modality for all other countries in the region and was much higher than the global median prevalence. Kidney transplantation services were generally available in the region, but the prevalence was much lower than that of dialysis. Most countries had public funding for kidney replacement therapy (KRT). The median prevalence of nephrologists was 28.7 pmp, higher than that of any other ISN region, with variation across countries. Home HD was available in only 17% of the countries, whereas conservative kidney management was available in 50%. All countries had official registries for dialysis and transplantation; however, only China and Japan had CKD registries. Advocacy groups for CKD, kidney failure, and KRT were uncommon throughout the region. Overall, all countries in the region had capacity for KRT, albeit with some shortages in their kidney care workforce. These data are useful for stakeholders to address gaps in kidney care and to reduce workforce shortages through increased use of multidisciplinary teams and telemedicine, policy changes to promote prevention and treatment of kidney failure, and increased advocacy for kidney disease in the region.

Published
2024
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