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Abstract Background The need for environmental protection and remediation processes has been an increasing global concern. Pesticides are used as biological agents, disinfectants, antimicrobials, and also in a mixture of some chemical substances. Their modes of application are through selective dispensing and attenuation processes which act upon any pest that compete with the production, processing, and storage of foods and also in agricultural commodes. The pests might comprise weeds, insects, birds, fish, and microbes. Main body Pesticides are commonly found in water surface, landfill leachate, ground water, and wastewater as pollutant. An overview of recently studied adsorption processes for the pesticide elimination from polluted water has been reported in this study utilizing activated carbon, clay materials, biomass materials, metal organic frame work, graphene, and carbon-based materials as well as agricultural wastes as adsorbents. The risk assessment and cost analysis of adsorbents were also provided. Conclusion Evidences from literature recommend modified adsorbent and composite materials to have a prospective use in pesticide removal from wastewater. The adsorption data obtained fitted into different isotherm and kinetic models and also the thermodynamic aspect have been discussed. Graphical abstract

The most ideal conditions for the adsorption of Ni (II) and Cd (II) ions onto modified plantain peel (MPP) from aqueous solution were investigated. The effects of three adsorption variables (pH, MPP dose and initial adsorbate concentration) were studied using central composite design (CCD), a subset of response surface methodology (RSM). Quadratic models were developed for both Ni (II) and Cd (II) percentage removals. The prime adsorption conditions obtained were pH of 4.36, MPP dose of 0.82 g and initial concentration of 120 mg/L with desirability of 1.00 which gave good monolayer adsorption capacities of 77.52 and 70.92 mg/g for Ni (II) and Cd (II) respectively. The adsorption data were modelled using Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms; the equilibrium adsorption of both Ni (II) and Cd (II) on MPP obeyed Langmuir model, and pseudo-second-order kinetics was the order that best described the two adsorption processes.

A global challenge for developmental psychology is to better understand how young people around the world make sense of their identities growing up in pluralistic societies. The study of ethnic-racial identity provides an important lens for this process. This paper describes how five European countries (Germany, Greece, Italy, Norway, and Sweden) adapted the Identity Project, an 8-week school-based intervention originally developed in the United States to promote adolescents' ethnic-racial identity exploration and resolution. Across the five countries, deep structure adaptations included revised or added content regarding key terminology used, a focus on migration and foreignness rather than "race," and discussions regarding national and regional identities, in addition to ethnic-racial identities, and how they may relate to one another. The process and content of adaptation we describe addresses two fundamental issues relevant to a globalized developmental psychology: (1) contributing to theoretical advances on key aspects of development by taking sociohistorical context seriously, and (2) moving between etic and emic perspectives to arrive at psychological constructs that can be appropriately studied across diverse cultural contexts.