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6. ABDA Score: A Non-invasive Model to Identify Subjects with Fibrotic Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis in the Community

Author

Anand, Abhinav, Shalimar, Arora, Umang, Asadullah, Md, Shivashankar, Roopa, Biswas, Sagnik, Vaishnav, Manas, Aggarwal, Arnav, Kandasamy, Devasenathipathy, Kondal, Dimple, Rautela, Garima, Peerzada, Ariba, Grover, Bhanvi, Amarchand, Ritvik, Nayak, Baibaswata, Sharma, Raju, Ramakrishnan, Lakshmy, Prabhakaran, Dorairaj, Krishnan, Anand, and Tandon, Nikhil

Published
2023
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9. Global burden of acute lower respiratory infection associated with human metapneumovirus in children under 5 years in 2018: a systematic review and modelling study

Author

Libster, Romina, Otieno, Grieven, Joundi, Imane, Broor, Shobha, Nicol, Mark, Amarchand, Ritvik, Shi, Ting, López-Labrador, F. Xavier, Baker, Julia M., Jamison, Alexandra, Choudekar, Avinash, Juvekar, Sanjay, Obermeier, Patrick, Schweiger, Brunhilde, Madrid, Lola, Thomas, Elizabeth, Lanaspa, Miguel, Nohynek, Hanna, Nokes, James, Werner, Marta, Danhg, Anh, Chadha, Mandeep, Puig-Barberà, Joan, Caballero, Mauricio T., Mathisen, Maria, Walaza, Sibongile, Hellferscee, Orienka, Laubscher, Matt, Higdon, Melissa M., Haddix, Meredith, Sawatwong, Pongpun, Baggett, Henry C., Seidenberg, Phil, Mwanayanda, Lawrence, Antonio, Martin, Ebruke, Bernard E., Adams, Tanja, Rahman, Mustafizur, Rahman, Mohammed Ziaur, Sow, Samboa O., Baillie, Vicky L., Workman, Lesley, Toizumi, Michiko, Tapia, Milagritos D., Nguyen, Thi hien anh, Morpeth, Susan, Wang, Xin, Li, You, Deloria-Knoll, Maria, Madhi, Shabir A, Cohen, Cheryl, Ali, Asad, Basnet, Sudha, Bassat, Quique, Brooks, W Abdullah, Chittaganpitch, Malinee, Echavarria, Marcela, Fasce, Rodrigo A, Goswami, Doli, Hirve, Siddhivinayak, Homaira, Nusrat, Howie, Stephen R C, Kotloff, Karen L, Khuri-Bulos, Najwa, Krishnan, Anand, Lucero, Marilla G, Lupisan, Socorro, Mira-Iglesias, Ainara, Moore, David P, Moraleda, Cinta, Nunes, Marta, Oshitani, Histoshi, Owor, Betty E, Polack, Fernando P, O'Brien, Katherine L, Rasmussen, Zeba A, Rath, Barbara A, Salimi, Vahid, Scott, J Anthony G, Simões, Eric A F, Strand, Tor A, Thea, Donald M, Treurnicht, Florette K, Vaccari, Linda C, Yoshida, Lay-Myint, Zar, Heather J, Campbell, Harry, and Nair, Harish

Published
2021
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11. Global burden of respiratory infections associated with seasonal influenza in children under 5 years in 2018: a systematic review and modelling study

Author

Nair, Harish, Campbell, Harry, Wang, Xin, Li, You, Chung, Alexandria, Rahi, Manveer, Abbas, Qalab, Ali, Asad, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Saeed, Bushra, Soofi, Sajid B, Yousafzai, Mohammad Tahir, Zaidi, Anita K, Amu, Alberta, Awini, Elizabeth, Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo, Baggett, Henry C, Chaves, Sandra S, Shang, Nong, Schrag, Stephanie J, Widdowson, Marc-Alain, Tempia, Stefano, Bassat, Quique, Lanaspa, Miguel, Acácio, Sozinho, Brooks, W Abdullah, Driscoll, Amanda, Knoll, Maria Deloria, O'Brien, Katherine L, Prosperi, Christine, Baqui, Abdullah H, Mullany, Luke, Byass, Peter, Cohen, Cheryl, von Gottberg, Anne, Hellferscee, Orienka, Treurnicht, Florette K, Walaza, Sibongile, Goswami, Doli, Rahman, Mustafizur, Connor, Nicholas E, El Arifeen, Shams, Echavarria, Marcela, Marcone, Débora N, Reyes, Noelia, Gutierrez, Andrea, Rodriguez, Ivan, Lopez, Olga, Ortiz, David, Gonzalez, Nathaly, Gentile, Angela, del Valle Juarez, Maria, Gordon, Aubree, Cutland, Clare, Groome, Michelle, Madhi, Shabir A, Nunes, Marta C, Nzenze, Susan, Heikkinen, Terho, Hirve, Siddhivinayak, Juvekar, Sanjay, Halasa, Natasha, Jara, Jorge H, Bernart, Chris, Katz, Mark A, Gofer, Ilan, Avni, Yonat Shemer, Khuri-Bulos, Najwa, Faori, Samir, Shehabi, Asem, Krishnan, Anand, Kumar, Rakesh, Amarchand, Ritvik, Contreras, Carmen L, de Leon, Oscar, Lopez, Maria R, McCracken, John P, Maldonado, Herberth, Samayoa, Antonio P, Gomez, Ana B, Lucero, Marilla G, Nillos, Leilani T, Lupisan, Socorro P, Nohynek, Hanna, Mira-Iglesias, Ainara, Puig-Barberà, Joan, Díez-Domingo, Javier, Gessner, Bradford D, Njanpop-Lafourcade, Berthe-Marie, Moïsi, Jennifer C, Tall, Haoua, Munywoki, Patrick K, Ngama, Mwanjuma, Nokes, D James, Omer, Saad B, Clark, Dayna R, Ourohiré, Millogo, Ali, Sié, Pascal, Zabré, Cheik, Bagagnan H, Caballero, Mauricio T, Libster, Romina, Polack, Fernando P, Rasmussen, Zeba A, Thomas, Elizabeth D, Baker, Julia M, Rath, Barbara A, Obermeier, Patrick E, Hassanuzzaman, MD., Islam, Maksuda, Islam, Mohammad S, Saha, Samir K, Panigrahi, Pinaki, Bose, Anuradha, Isaac, Rita, Murdoch, David, Nanda, Pritish, Qazi, Shamim A, Hessong, Danielle, Simőes, Eric AF, Sotomayor, Viviana, Thamthitiwat, Somsak, Chittaganpitch, Malinee, Dawood, Halima, Kyobutungi, Catherine, Wamukoya, Marylene, Ziraba, Abdhalah K, Yoshida, Lay-Myint, Yoshihara, Keisuke, Dand, Duc-Anh, Le, Minh-Nhat, Nicol, Mark P, Zar, Heather J, Broor, Shobha, Chadha, Mandeep, Madrid, Lola, Gresh, Lionel, Balmaseda, Angel, Kuan, Guillermina, Wairagkar, Niteen, Tapia, Milagritos D, Knobler, Stacey L, Barahona, Alfredo, Ferguson, Ericka, Schweiger, Brunhilde, Abdullah Brooks, W, Fasce, Rodrigo A, and Simões, Eric AF

Published
2020
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14. The burden of headache disorders in North India:methodology, and validation of a Hindi version of the HARDSHIP questionnaire, for a community-based survey in Delhi and national capital territory region

Author

Duggal, Ashish, Chowdhury, Debashish, Krishnan, Anand, Amarchand, Ritvik, Steiner, Timothy J., Duggal, Ashish, Chowdhury, Debashish, Krishnan, Anand, Amarchand, Ritvik, and Steiner, Timothy J.

Abstract

Background: Knowledge of the prevalence and attributable burden of headache disorders in India is sparse, with only two recent population-based studies from South and East India. These produced conflicting results. A study in North India is needed. We report the methodology of such a study using, and validating, a Hindi translation of the Headache-Attributed Restriction, Disability, Social Handicap, and Impaired Participation (HARDSHIP) questionnaire developed by Lifting The Burden (LTB). Almost half of the Indian population speak Hindi or one of its dialects. Methods: The study adopted LTB’s standardized protocol for population-based studies in a cross-sectional survey using multistage random sampling conducted in urban Delhi and a surrounding rural area. Trained interviewers visited households unannounced, randomly selected one adult member from each and applied the Hindi version of HARDSHIP in face-to-face interviews. The most bothersome headache reported by participants was classified algorithmically into headache on ≥ 15 days/month (H15 +), migraine (including definite and probable) or tension-type headache (including definite and probable). These diagnoses were mutually exclusive. All participants diagnosed with H15 + and a 10% subsample of all others were additionally assessed by headache specialists and classified as above. We estimated the sensitivity and specificity of HARDSHIP diagnoses by comparison with the specialists’ diagnoses. Results: From 3,040 eligible households, 2,066 participants were interviewed. The participating proportions were 98.3% in rural areas but 52.9% in urban Delhi. In the validation subsample of 291 participants (149 rural, 142 urban), 61 did not report any headache (seven of those assessed by HARDSHIP, eight by headache specialists and 46 by both) [kappa = 0.83; 95% CI: 0.74-0.91]. In the remaining 230 participants who reported headache in the preceding year, sensitivity, specificity and kappa with (95% CI) were 0.73 (0.65-0.7

Published
2024

17. Adverse outcomes in patients hospitalized with pneumonia at age 60 or more: A prospective multi-centric hospital-based study in India.

Author

Kanungo, Suman, Bhattacharjee, Uttaran, Prabhakaran, Aslesh O., Kumar, Rakesh, Rajkumar, Prabu, Bhardwaj, Sumit Dutt, Chakrabarti, Alok Kumar, Kumar C. P., Girish, Potdar, Varsha, Manna, Byomkesh, Amarchand, Ritvik, Choudekar, Avinash, Gopal, Giridara, Sarda, Krishna, Lafond, Kathryn E., Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo, Saha, Siddhartha, Dar, Lalit, and Krishnan, Anand

Subjects
RESPIRATORY syncytial virus infections, OLDER people, PROPORTIONAL hazards models, RESPIRATORY syncytial virus, PNEUMONIA, PNEUMOCOCCAL pneumonia
Abstract

Background: Limited data exists regarding risk factors for adverse outcomes in older adults hospitalized with Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) in low- and middle-income countries such as India. This multisite study aimed to assess outcomes and associated risk factors among adults aged ≥60 years hospitalized with pneumonia. Methods: Between December 2018 and March 2020, we enrolled ≥60-year-old adults admitted within 48 hours for CAP treatment across 16 public and private facilities in four sites. Clinical data and nasal/oropharyngeal specimens were collected by trained nurses and tested for influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and other respiratory viruses (ORV) using the qPCR. Participants were evaluated regularly until discharge, as well as on the 7th and 30th days post-discharge. Outcomes included ICU admission and in-hospital or 30-day post-discharge mortality. A hierarchical framework for multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard models identified risk factors (e.g., demographics, clinical features, etiologic agents) associated with critical care or death. Findings: Of 1,090 CAP patients, the median age was 69 years; 38.4% were female. Influenza viruses were detected in 12.3%, RSV in 2.2%, and ORV in 6.3% of participants. Critical care was required for 39.4%, with 9.9% in-hospital mortality and 5% 30-day post-discharge mortality. Only 41% of influenza CAP patients received antiviral treatment. Admission factors independently associated with ICU admission included respiratory rate >30/min, blood urea nitrogen>19mg/dl, altered sensorium, anemia, oxygen saturation <90%, prior cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases, and private hospital admission. Diabetes, anemia, low oxygen saturation at admission, ICU admission, and mechanical ventilation were associated with 30-day mortality. Conclusion: High ICU admission and 30-day mortality rates were observed among older adults with pneumonia, with a significant proportion linked to influenza and RSV infections. Comprehensive guidelines for CAP prevention and management in older adults are needed, especially with the co-circulation of SARS-CoV-2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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19. Cost of acute respiratory illness episode and its determinants among community-dwelling older adults: a four-site cohort study from India

Author

Krishnan, Anand, primary, Shekhawat, Kusum, additional, Ortega-Sanchez, Ismael R, additional, Kanungo, Suman, additional, Rajkumar, Prabu, additional, Bhardwaj, Sumit Dutt, additional, Kumar, Rakesh, additional, Prabhakaran, Aslesh Ottapura, additional, Gopal, Giridara, additional, Chakrabarti, Alok Kumar, additional, Kumar Chethrapilly Purushothaman, Girish, additional, Potdar, Varsha, additional, Manna, Byomkesh, additional, Gharpure, Radhika, additional, Amarchand, Ritvik, additional, Choudekar, Avinash, additional, Lafond, Kathryn E, additional, Dar, Lalit, additional, Bhattacharjee, Uttaran, additional, Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo, additional, and Saha, Siddhartha, additional

Published
2023
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21. Strengthening cardiac services in Faridabad District: A facility mapping exercise to explore implementation of a hub-and-spoke model.

Author

Asadullah, Md, Amarchand, Ritvik, Roy, Ambuj, Bhatia, Rohit, Kumar, Rakesh, and Krishnan, Anand

Subjects
*ST elevation myocardial infarction, *CORONARY care units, *GEOGRAPHIC information systems, *HEALTH facilities, *PUBLIC health, *AMBULANCES
Abstract

Background & objectives Improving access to acute cardiac care requires remodelling of existing health systems into a service delivery network with an anchor establishment (Hub) offering a full array of services, complemented by spoke establishments that offer limited services. We assessed the availability of cardiac services in the district of Faridabad in the northern State of Haryana, India and explored the feasibility and challenges of implementing a hub-and-spoke model. Methods In 2019-2020, we listed all the facilities in private and public sectors in the study-district and mapped their geocoordinates with the help of QGIS (Quantum Geographic Information System) software version 3.20. After consent, we assessed the availability of specific cardiac care-related inputs (medicines, technologies and staff) using a checklist by enquiring from the hospital staff. Each facility was classified as L1 (No ECG) to L5 (cardiac catheterization) as per the national guidelines for the management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Results There were 109 health facilities (66% private) in the district, 1.6 cardiologists and 5.4 coronary care unit beds per 100,000 population (94% private). Only one district hospital running in a public-private partnership mode at the L5 level provided any cardiac services. Private facilities were providing a range of services with a considerable number of them functional at L5. The higher-level facilities were concentrated in the central and urban parts of the district. Only 46 per cent of the ambulances had oxygen cylinders and 14.7 per cent had defibrillators. Interpretation & conclusions Implementation of a hub-and-spoke model for cardiac care in Faridabad district will require significant strengthening of public health services, development of a private-sector participation model, and strengthening of ambulance services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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22. Nasal shedding of vaccine viruses after immunization with a Russian‐backbone live attenuated influenza vaccine in India

Author

Dar, Lalit, primary, Krishnan, Anand, additional, Kumar, Ramesh, additional, Dhakad, Shivram, additional, Choudekar, Avinash, additional, Bagga, Sumedha, additional, Sharma, Amrit, additional, Kumar, Amit, additional, Jethani, Jyoti, additional, Saha, Siddhartha, additional, Amarchand, Ritvik, additional, Kumar, Rakesh, additional, Choudhary, Aashish, additional, Narayan, Venkatesh Vinayak, additional, Gopal, Giridara, additional, Lafond, Kathryn E., additional, and Lindstrom, Stephen, additional

Published
2023
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24. Efficacy of live attenuated and inactivated influenza vaccines among children in rural India: A 2-year, randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Author

Krishnan, Anand, Dar, Lalit, Saha, Siddhartha, Narayan, Venkatesh Vinayak, Kumar, Rakesh, Kumar, Ramesh, Amarchand, Ritvik, Dhakad, Shivram, Chokker, Reshmi, Choudekar, Avinash, Gopal, Giridara, Choudhary, Aashish, Potdar, Varsha, Chadha, Mandeep, Lafond, Kathryn E., Lindstrom, Stephen, Widdowson, Marc-Alain, and Jain, Seema

Subjects
Rural children -- Health aspects, Influenza vaccines -- Testing -- Patient outcomes, Influenza -- Prevention, Pediatric research, Biological sciences
Abstract

Background Influenza is a cause of febrile acute respiratory infection (FARI) in India; however, few influenza vaccine trials have been conducted in India. We assessed absolute and relative efficacy of live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) and inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) among children aged 2 to 10 years in rural India through a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted over 2 years. Methods and findings In June 2015, children were randomly allocated to LAIV, IIV, intranasal placebo, or inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) in a 2:2:1:1 ratio. In June 2016, vaccination was repeated per original allocation. Overall, 3,041 children received LAIV (n = 1,015), IIV (n = 1,010), nasal placebo (n = 507), or IPV (n = 509). Mean age of children was 6.5 years with 20% aged 9 to 10 years. Through weekly home visits, nasal and throat swabs were collected from children with FARI and tested for influenza virus by polymerase chain reaction. The primary outcome was laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated FARI; vaccine efficacy (VE) was calculated using modified intention-to-treat (mITT) analysis by Cox proportional hazards model (PH) for each year. In Year 1, VE was 40.0% (95% confidence interval (CI) 25.2 to 51.9) for LAIV and 59.0% (95% CI 47.8 to 67.9) for IIV compared with controls; relative efficacy of LAIV compared with IIV was -46.2% (95% CI -88.9 to -13.1). In Year 2, VE was 51.9% (95% CI 42.0 to 60.1) for LAIV and 49.9% (95% CI 39.2 to 58.7) for IIV; relative efficacy of LAIV compared with IIV was 4.2% (95% CI -19.9 to 23.5). No serious adverse vaccine-attributable events were reported. Study limitations include differing dosage requirements for children between nasal and injectable vaccines (single dose of LAIV versus 2 doses of IIV) in Year 1 and the fact that immunogenicity studies were not conducted. Conclusions In this study, we found that LAIV and IIV vaccines were safe and moderately efficacious against influenza virus infection among Indian children. Trial registration Clinical Trials Registry of India CTRI/2015/06/005902., Author(s): Anand Krishnan 1,*, Lalit Dar 2, Siddhartha Saha 3, Venkatesh Vinayak Narayan 3, Rakesh Kumar 1, Ramesh Kumar 2, Ritvik Amarchand 1, Shivram Dhakad 2, Reshmi Chokker 1, Avinash [...]

Published
2021
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25. Predictors of Mortality among Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 during the First Wave in India: A Multisite Case-Control Study

Author

Krishnan, Anand, primary, Kumar, Rakesh, additional, Amarchand, Ritvik, additional, Mohan, Anant, additional, Kant, Ravi, additional, Agarwal, Ankit, additional, Kulshreshtha, Poorvi, additional, Panda, Prasan Kumar, additional, Bhadoria, Ajeet Singh, additional, Agarwal, Neeraj, additional, Biswas, Bijit, additional, Nair, Rathish, additional, Wig, Naveet, additional, Malhotra, Rajesh, additional, Bhatnagar, Sushma, additional, Aggarwal, Richa, additional, Soni, Kapil Dev, additional, Madan, Nirupam, additional, Trikha, Anjan, additional, Tiwari, Pawan, additional, Singh, Angel Rajan, additional, Wyawahare, Mukta, additional, Gunasekaran, Venugopalan, additional, Sekar, Dineshbabu, additional, Misra, Sanjeev, additional, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, additional, Goel, Akhil Dhanesh, additional, Dutt, Naveen, additional, Kumar, Deepak, additional, Nagarkar, Nitin M., additional, Galhotra, Abhiruchi, additional, Jindal, Atul, additional, Raj, Utsav, additional, Behera, Ajoy, additional, Siddiqui, Sabbah, additional, Kokane, Arun, additional, Joshi, Rajnish, additional, Pakhare, Abhijit, additional, Farooque, Farhan, additional, Pawan, Sai, additional, Deshmukh, Pradeep, additional, Solanki, Ranjan, additional, Rathod, Bharatsing, additional, Dutta, Vibha, additional, Mohapatra, Prasanta Raghab, additional, Panigrahi, Manoj Kumar, additional, Barik, Sadananda, additional, and Guleria, Randeep, additional

Published
2023
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28. Performance of equations for estimation of 24-hour urinary sodium from morning fasting urine samples in a multisite study in India

Author

KRISHNAN, ANAND, primary, AMARCHAND, RITVIK, additional, TARIK, MOHAMAD, additional, SALVE, HARSHAL RAMESH, additional, RAGHAV, PANKAJA, additional, PATRO, BINOD KUMAR, additional, RAJKUMAR, PRABU, additional, SEKHAWAT, KUSUM, additional, JOSHI, PRADEEP, additional, MATHUR, PRASHANT, additional, TULLU, FIKRU, additional, and RAMAKRISHNAN, LAKSHMY, additional

Published
2022
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32. Cohort profile: Indian Network of Population-Based Surveillance Platforms for Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses among the Elderly (INSPIRE)

Author

Krishnan, Anand, primary, Dar, Lalit, additional, Amarchand, Ritvik, additional, Prabhakaran, Aslesh Ottapura, additional, Kumar, Rakesh, additional, Rajkumar, Prabu, additional, Kanungo, Suman, additional, Bhardwaj, Sumit Dutt, additional, Choudekar, Avinash, additional, Potdar, Varsha, additional, Chakrabarti, Alok Kumar, additional, Kumar, CP Girish, additional, Parameswaran, Giridara Gopal, additional, Dhakad, Shivram, additional, Manna, Byomkesh, additional, Choudhary, Ashish, additional, Lafond, Kathryn E, additional, Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo, additional, and Saha, Siddhartha, additional

Published
2021
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33. Additional file 2 of Preparedness of primary and secondary health facilities in India to address major noncommunicable diseases: results of a National Noncommunicable Disease Monitoring Survey (NNMS)

Author

Krishnan, Anand, Mathur, Prashant, Kulothungan, Vaitheeswaran, Salve, Harshal Ramesh, Leburu, Sravya, Amarchand, Ritvik, Nongkynrih, Baridalyne, Chaturvedi, Himanshu Kumar, Ganeshkumar, P., K S, Vinay Urs, Laxmaiah, Avula, Boruah, Manjit, Kumar, Sanjeev, Patro, Binod Kumar, Raghav, Pankaja Ravi, Rajkumar, Prabu, Sarma, P. Sankara, Sharma, Rinku, Tambe, Muralidhar, Arlappa, N., Mahanta, Tulika Goswami, Bhuyan, Pranab Jyoti, Joshi, Rajnish P., Pakhare, Abhijit P., Galhotra, Abhiruchi, Kumar, Dewesh, Behera, Binod Kumar, Topno, Roshan K., Gupta, Manoj Kumar, Rustagi, Neeti, Trivedi, Atulkumar V., Thankappan, K. R., Gupta, Sonia, Garg, Suneela, and Shelke, Sangita Chandrakant

Abstract

Additional file 2: Additional Table 2. Proportion of public health care facilities where specific technologies were always or generally available.

Published
2021
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34. Additional file 4 of Preparedness of primary and secondary health facilities in India to address major noncommunicable diseases: results of a National Noncommunicable Disease Monitoring Survey (NNMS)

Author

Krishnan, Anand, Mathur, Prashant, Kulothungan, Vaitheeswaran, Salve, Harshal Ramesh, Leburu, Sravya, Amarchand, Ritvik, Nongkynrih, Baridalyne, Chaturvedi, Himanshu Kumar, Ganeshkumar, P., K S, Vinay Urs, Laxmaiah, Avula, Boruah, Manjit, Kumar, Sanjeev, Patro, Binod Kumar, Raghav, Pankaja Ravi, Rajkumar, Prabu, Sarma, P. Sankara, Sharma, Rinku, Tambe, Muralidhar, Arlappa, N., Mahanta, Tulika Goswami, Bhuyan, Pranab Jyoti, Joshi, Rajnish P., Pakhare, Abhijit P., Galhotra, Abhiruchi, Kumar, Dewesh, Behera, Binod Kumar, Topno, Roshan K., Gupta, Manoj Kumar, Rustagi, Neeti, Trivedi, Atulkumar V., Thankappan, K. R., Gupta, Sonia, Garg, Suneela, and Shelke, Sangita Chandrakant

Abstract

Additional file 4: Additional Table 4. Noncommunicable diseases (NCD) related services being provided in the public primary urban and rural study facilities; NNMS (2017–18).

Published
2021
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35. Additional file 1 of Preparedness of primary and secondary health facilities in India to address major noncommunicable diseases: results of a National Noncommunicable Disease Monitoring Survey (NNMS)

Author

Krishnan, Anand, Mathur, Prashant, Kulothungan, Vaitheeswaran, Salve, Harshal Ramesh, Leburu, Sravya, Amarchand, Ritvik, Nongkynrih, Baridalyne, Chaturvedi, Himanshu Kumar, Ganeshkumar, P., K S, Vinay Urs, Laxmaiah, Avula, Boruah, Manjit, Kumar, Sanjeev, Patro, Binod Kumar, Raghav, Pankaja Ravi, Rajkumar, Prabu, Sarma, P. Sankara, Sharma, Rinku, Tambe, Muralidhar, Arlappa, N., Mahanta, Tulika Goswami, Bhuyan, Pranab Jyoti, Joshi, Rajnish P., Pakhare, Abhijit P., Galhotra, Abhiruchi, Kumar, Dewesh, Behera, Binod Kumar, Topno, Roshan K., Gupta, Manoj Kumar, Rustagi, Neeti, Trivedi, Atulkumar V., Thankappan, K. R., Gupta, Sonia, Garg, Suneela, and Shelke, Sangita Chandrakant

Abstract

Additional file 1: Additional Table 1. Proportion of public health care facilities where specific medicines were always or generally available.

Published
2021
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36. Additional file 3 of Preparedness of primary and secondary health facilities in India to address major noncommunicable diseases: results of a National Noncommunicable Disease Monitoring Survey (NNMS)

Author

Krishnan, Anand, Mathur, Prashant, Kulothungan, Vaitheeswaran, Salve, Harshal Ramesh, Leburu, Sravya, Amarchand, Ritvik, Nongkynrih, Baridalyne, Chaturvedi, Himanshu Kumar, Ganeshkumar, P., K S, Vinay Urs, Laxmaiah, Avula, Boruah, Manjit, Kumar, Sanjeev, Patro, Binod Kumar, Raghav, Pankaja Ravi, Rajkumar, Prabu, Sarma, P. Sankara, Sharma, Rinku, Tambe, Muralidhar, Arlappa, N., Mahanta, Tulika Goswami, Bhuyan, Pranab Jyoti, Joshi, Rajnish P., Pakhare, Abhijit P., Galhotra, Abhiruchi, Kumar, Dewesh, Behera, Binod Kumar, Topno, Roshan K., Gupta, Manoj Kumar, Rustagi, Neeti, Trivedi, Atulkumar V., Thankappan, K. R., Gupta, Sonia, Garg, Suneela, and Shelke, Sangita Chandrakant

Abstract

Additional file 3: Additional Table 3. Availability (%) of technical human resources in public primary urban and rural health facilities in India; NNMS (2017–18).

Published
2021
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37. Baseline risk factor prevalence among adolescents aged 15–17 years old: findings from National Non-communicable Disease Monitoring Survey (NNMS) of India

Author

Mathur, Prashant, primary, Kulothungan, Vaitheeswaran, additional, Leburu, Sravya, additional, Krishnan, Anand, additional, Chaturvedi, Himanshu Kumar, additional, Salve, Harshal Ramesh, additional, Amarchand, Ritvik, additional, Nongkynrih, Baridalyne, additional, Ganeshkumar, Parasuraman, additional, Urs K S, Vinay, additional, Laxmaiah, A, additional, Boruah, Manjit, additional, Kumar, Sanjeev, additional, Patro, Binod Kumar, additional, Raghav, Pankaja Ravi, additional, Rajkumar, Prabu, additional, Sarma, P Sankara, additional, Sharma, Rinku, additional, Tambe, Muralidhar, additional, Arlappa, N, additional, Mahanta, Tulika Goswami, additional, Bhuyan, Pranab Jyoti, additional, Joshi, Rajnish P, additional, Pakhare, Abhijit, additional, Galhotra, Abhiruchi, additional, Kumar, Dewesh, additional, Behera, Binod Kumar, additional, Topno, Roshan K, additional, Gupta, Manoj Kumar, additional, Rustagi, Neeti, additional, Trivedi, Atulkumar V, additional, Thankappan, K R, additional, Gupta, Sonia, additional, Garg, Suneela, additional, and Shelke, Sangita Chandrakant, additional

Published
2021
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38. Incidence, risk factors, and viral etiology of community-acquired acute lower respiratory tract infection among older adults in rural north India

Author

Kumar, Rakesh, primary, Dar, Lalit, additional, Amarchand, Ritvik, additional, Saha, Siddhartha, additional, Lafond, Kathryn E, additional, Purakayastha, Debjani R, additional, Kumar, Ramesh, additional, Choudekar, Avinash, additional, Gopal, Giridara, additional, Dhakad, Shivram, additional, Narayan, Venkatesh Vinayak, additional, Wahi, Abhishek, additional, Chhokar, Reshmi, additional, Lindstrom, Stephen, additional, Whitaker, Brett, additional, Choudhary, Aashish, additional, Dey, A B, additional, and Krishnan, Anand, additional

Published
2021
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39. National noncommunicable disease monitoring survey (NNMS) in India: Estimating risk factor prevalence in adult population

Author

Mathur, Prashant, primary, Kulothungan, Vaitheeswaran, additional, Leburu, Sravya, additional, Krishnan, Anand, additional, Chaturvedi, Himanshu Kumar, additional, Salve, Harshal Ramesh, additional, Amarchand, Ritvik, additional, Nongkynrih, Baridalyne, additional, Kumar, P. Ganesh, additional, K. S., Vinay Urs, additional, Ramakrishnan, Lakshmy, additional, Laxmaiah, A., additional, Boruah, Manjit, additional, Kumar, Sanjeev, additional, Patro, Binod Kumar, additional, Raghav, Pankaja Ravi, additional, Rajkumar, Prabu, additional, Sarma, P. Sankara, additional, Sharma, Rinku, additional, Tambe, Muralidhar, additional, Thankappan, K. R., additional, Arlappa, N., additional, Mahanta, Tulika Goswami, additional, Joshi, Rajnish P., additional, Rustagi, Neeti, additional, Gupta, Sonia, additional, Behera, Binod Kumar, additional, Shelke, Sangita Chandrakant, additional, Galhotra, Abhiruchi, additional, Bhuyan, Pranab Jyoti, additional, Pakhare, Abhijit P., additional, Kumar, Dewesh, additional, Topno, Roshan K., additional, Gupta, Manoj Kumar, additional, Trivedi, Atulkumar V., additional, and Garg, Suneela, additional

Published
2021
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40. Carriage rates and antimicrobial sensitivity of pneumococci in the upper respiratory tract of children less than ten years old, in a north Indian rural community

Author

Kumar, Sambuddha, primary, Purakayastha, Debjani Ram, additional, Kapil, Arti, additional, Saha, Siddhartha, additional, Dawood, Fatimah S., additional, Das, Bimal Kumar, additional, Amarchand, Ritvik, additional, Kumar, Rakesh, additional, Lafond, Kathryn E., additional, Jain, Seema, additional, and Krishnan, Anand, additional

Published
2021
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42. Global burden of acute lower respiratory infection associated with human metapneumovirus in children under 5 years in 2018: a systematic review and modelling study

Author

Wang, Xin, primary, Li, You, additional, Deloria-Knoll, Maria, additional, Madhi, Shabir A, additional, Cohen, Cheryl, additional, Ali, Asad, additional, Basnet, Sudha, additional, Bassat, Quique, additional, Brooks, W Abdullah, additional, Chittaganpitch, Malinee, additional, Echavarria, Marcela, additional, Fasce, Rodrigo A, additional, Goswami, Doli, additional, Hirve, Siddhivinayak, additional, Homaira, Nusrat, additional, Howie, Stephen R C, additional, Kotloff, Karen L, additional, Khuri-Bulos, Najwa, additional, Krishnan, Anand, additional, Lucero, Marilla G, additional, Lupisan, Socorro, additional, Mira-Iglesias, Ainara, additional, Moore, David P, additional, Moraleda, Cinta, additional, Nunes, Marta, additional, Oshitani, Histoshi, additional, Owor, Betty E, additional, Polack, Fernando P, additional, O'Brien, Katherine L, additional, Rasmussen, Zeba A, additional, Rath, Barbara A, additional, Salimi, Vahid, additional, Scott, J Anthony G, additional, Simões, Eric A F, additional, Strand, Tor A, additional, Thea, Donald M, additional, Treurnicht, Florette K, additional, Vaccari, Linda C, additional, Yoshida, Lay-Myint, additional, Zar, Heather J, additional, Campbell, Harry, additional, Nair, Harish, additional, Libster, Romina, additional, Otieno, Grieven, additional, Joundi, Imane, additional, Broor, Shobha, additional, Nicol, Mark, additional, Amarchand, Ritvik, additional, Shi, Ting, additional, López-Labrador, F. Xavier, additional, Baker, Julia M., additional, Jamison, Alexandra, additional, Choudekar, Avinash, additional, Juvekar, Sanjay, additional, Obermeier, Patrick, additional, Schweiger, Brunhilde, additional, Madrid, Lola, additional, Thomas, Elizabeth, additional, Lanaspa, Miguel, additional, Nohynek, Hanna, additional, Nokes, James, additional, Werner, Marta, additional, Danhg, Anh, additional, Chadha, Mandeep, additional, Puig-Barberà, Joan, additional, Caballero, Mauricio T., additional, Mathisen, Maria, additional, Walaza, Sibongile, additional, Hellferscee, Orienka, additional, Laubscher, Matt, additional, Higdon, Melissa M., additional, Haddix, Meredith, additional, Sawatwong, Pongpun, additional, Baggett, Henry C., additional, Seidenberg, Phil, additional, Mwanayanda, Lawrence, additional, Antonio, Martin, additional, Ebruke, Bernard E., additional, Adams, Tanja, additional, Rahman, Mustafizur, additional, Rahman, Mohammed Ziaur, additional, Sow, Samboa O., additional, Baillie, Vicky L., additional, Workman, Lesley, additional, Toizumi, Michiko, additional, Tapia, Milagritos D., additional, Nguyen, Thi hien anh, additional, and Morpeth, Susan, additional

Published
2021
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45. Global burden of respiratory infections associated with seasonal influenza in children under 5 years in 2018: a systematic review and modelling study

Author

Wang, Xin, primary, Li, You, additional, O'Brien, Katherine L, additional, Madhi, Shabir A, additional, Widdowson, Marc-Alain, additional, Byass, Peter, additional, Omer, Saad B, additional, Abbas, Qalab, additional, Ali, Asad, additional, Amu, Alberta, additional, Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo, additional, Bassat, Quique, additional, Abdullah Brooks, W, additional, Chaves, Sandra S, additional, Chung, Alexandria, additional, Cohen, Cheryl, additional, Echavarria, Marcela, additional, Fasce, Rodrigo A, additional, Gentile, Angela, additional, Gordon, Aubree, additional, Groome, Michelle, additional, Heikkinen, Terho, additional, Hirve, Siddhivinayak, additional, Jara, Jorge H, additional, Katz, Mark A, additional, Khuri-Bulos, Najwa, additional, Krishnan, Anand, additional, de Leon, Oscar, additional, Lucero, Marilla G, additional, McCracken, John P, additional, Mira-Iglesias, Ainara, additional, Moïsi, Jennifer C, additional, Munywoki, Patrick K, additional, Ourohiré, Millogo, additional, Polack, Fernando P, additional, Rahi, Manveer, additional, Rasmussen, Zeba A, additional, Rath, Barbara A, additional, Saha, Samir K, additional, Simões, Eric AF, additional, Sotomayor, Viviana, additional, Thamthitiwat, Somsak, additional, Treurnicht, Florette K, additional, Wamukoya, Marylene, additional, Yoshida, Lay-Myint, additional, Zar, Heather J, additional, Campbell, Harry, additional, Nair, Harish, additional, Wang, Xin, additional, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, additional, Saeed, Bushra, additional, Soofi, Sajid B, additional, Yousafzai, Mohammad Tahir, additional, Zaidi, Anita K, additional, Awini, Elizabeth, additional, Baggett, Henry C, additional, Shang, Nong, additional, Schrag, Stephanie J, additional, Tempia, Stefano, additional, Lanaspa, Miguel, additional, Acácio, Sozinho, additional, Brooks, W Abdullah, additional, Driscoll, Amanda, additional, Knoll, Maria Deloria, additional, Prosperi, Christine, additional, Baqui, Abdullah H, additional, Mullany, Luke, additional, von Gottberg, Anne, additional, Hellferscee, Orienka, additional, Walaza, Sibongile, additional, Goswami, Doli, additional, Rahman, Mustafizur, additional, Connor, Nicholas E, additional, El Arifeen, Shams, additional, Marcone, Débora N, additional, Reyes, Noelia, additional, Gutierrez, Andrea, additional, Rodriguez, Ivan, additional, Lopez, Olga, additional, Ortiz, David, additional, Gonzalez, Nathaly, additional, del Valle Juarez, Maria, additional, Cutland, Clare, additional, Nunes, Marta C, additional, Nzenze, Susan, additional, Juvekar, Sanjay, additional, Halasa, Natasha, additional, Bernart, Chris, additional, Gofer, Ilan, additional, Avni, Yonat Shemer, additional, Faori, Samir, additional, Shehabi, Asem, additional, Kumar, Rakesh, additional, Amarchand, Ritvik, additional, Contreras, Carmen L, additional, Lopez, Maria R, additional, Maldonado, Herberth, additional, Samayoa, Antonio P, additional, Gomez, Ana B, additional, Nillos, Leilani T, additional, Lupisan, Socorro P, additional, Nohynek, Hanna, additional, Puig-Barberà, Joan, additional, Díez-Domingo, Javier, additional, Gessner, Bradford D, additional, Njanpop-Lafourcade, Berthe-Marie, additional, Tall, Haoua, additional, Ngama, Mwanjuma, additional, Nokes, D James, additional, Clark, Dayna R, additional, Ali, Sié, additional, Pascal, Zabré, additional, Cheik, Bagagnan H, additional, Caballero, Mauricio T, additional, Libster, Romina, additional, Thomas, Elizabeth D, additional, Baker, Julia M, additional, Obermeier, Patrick E, additional, Hassanuzzaman, MD., additional, Islam, Maksuda, additional, Islam, Mohammad S, additional, Panigrahi, Pinaki, additional, Bose, Anuradha, additional, Isaac, Rita, additional, Murdoch, David, additional, Nanda, Pritish, additional, Qazi, Shamim A, additional, Hessong, Danielle, additional, Simőes, Eric AF, additional, Chittaganpitch, Malinee, additional, Dawood, Halima, additional, Kyobutungi, Catherine, additional, Ziraba, Abdhalah K, additional, Yoshihara, Keisuke, additional, Dand, Duc-Anh, additional, Le, Minh-Nhat, additional, Nicol, Mark P, additional, Broor, Shobha, additional, Chadha, Mandeep, additional, Madrid, Lola, additional, Gresh, Lionel, additional, Balmaseda, Angel, additional, Kuan, Guillermina, additional, Wairagkar, Niteen, additional, Tapia, Milagritos D, additional, Knobler, Stacey L, additional, Barahona, Alfredo, additional, Ferguson, Ericka, additional, and Schweiger, Brunhilde, additional

Published
2020
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47. Rural-Urban differentials in prevalence, spectrum and determinants of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in North Indian population.

Author

Asadullah, Md, Shivashankar, Roopa, Shalimar, Kandasamy, Devasenathipathy, Kondal, Dimple, Rautela, Garima, Peerzada, Ariba, Grover, Bhanvi, Amarchand, Ritvik, Nayak, Baibaswata, Sharma, Raju, Ramakrishnan, Lakshmy, Prabhakaran, Dorairaj, Krishnan, Anand, and Tandon, Nikhil

Subjects
NON-alcoholic fatty liver disease, HEPATIC fibrosis, FATTY liver, ALANINE aminotransferase
Abstract

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a spectrum of disease ranging from simple steatosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), through to advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis. We assessed the prevalence, spectrum, and determinants of NAFLD among adults in urban and rural North India. Methods: A representative sample of adults aged 30–60 years were recruited from urban Delhi and rural Ballabhgarh during 2017–2019. Participants underwent abdominal ultrasonography (USG) and vibration controlled transient elastography (VCTE) with FibroScan to assess fatty liver and fibrosis, respectively. We estimated the age- and sex-standardised prevalence of NAFLD and its spectrum. The factors associated with 'ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD' were identified using multivariate logistic regression. Results: A total of 828 urban (mean ± SD age: 45.5 ± 8.0 years; women: 52.7%) and 832 rural (mean ± SD age: 45.1 ± 7.9 years; women: 62.4%) participants were recruited. The age- and sex-standardized prevalence of ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD was 65.7% (95%CI: 60.3–71.2) in the urban and 61.1% (55.8–66.5) in the rural areas, respectively. The prevalence of NAFLD with elevated alanine transaminase (≥40IU/L) was 23.2% (19.8–26.6), and 22.5% (19.0–26.0) and any fibrosis by liver stiffness measurement on transient elastography (≥6.9 kPa) was 16.5% (13.8–19.8) and 5.2% (3.8–6.7) in urban and rural participants, respectively. In both urban and rural areas, diabetes, central obesity and insulin resistance were significantly associated with NAFLD. Conclusion: NAFLD prevalence was high among rural and urban North Indian adults, including fibrosis or raised hepatic enzymes. The strong association of metabolic determinants confirms its linkage with metabolic syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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48. Exploring urban health inequities: the example of non-communicable disease prevention in Indore, India

Author

Pomeroy-Stevens, Amanda, Bachani, Damodar, Sreedhara, Meera, Boos, John, Amarchand, Ritvik, and Krishnan, Anand

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe dynamics of urban settings can increase health disparities. This paper explores techniques for examining urban health inequities of non-communicable disease risk, using data from the city of Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India as an example. We analyzed non-communicable disease indicators by gender, wealth, education, slum status, housing type, and location, using a 2018 city-level dataset collected in Indore with a final sample size of 3,070. Four techniques for equity analysis were used including bivariate ratios, concentration indices, geographic information system heat mapping, and multivariate regressions. We found that in Indore, behavioral risk factors such as tobacco, alcohol, and salt intake were more likely to be borne by those with low education and income, slum status and temporary housing type, while diseases such as hypertension were borne more equally over the population. This analysis has shown techniques that urban health researchers and planners can use to understand differentials of non-communicable disease risk and where action can be taken to reduce inequities. Use by city planners will be limited by technical feasibility and production of understandable information. We discuss implications and next steps for Indore as an example for other cities.

Published
2022
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50. Epidemiology of viral acute lower respiratory infections in a community-based cohort of rural north Indian children

Author

Krishnan, Anand, primary, Kumar, Rakesh, additional, Broor, Shobha, additional, Gopal, Giridara, additional, Saha, Siddhartha, additional, Amarchand, Ritvik, additional, Choudekar, Avinash, additional, Purkayastha, Debjani R, additional, Whitaker, Brett, additional, Pandey, Bharti, additional, Narayan, Venkatesh Vinayak, additional, Kabra, Sushil K, additional, Sreenivas, Vishnubhatla, additional, Widdowson, Marc-Alain, additional, Lindstrom, Stephen, additional, Lafond, Kathryn E, additional, and Jain, Seema, additional

Published
2019
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