124 results on '"Amaral, André F S"'
Search Results
2. Small airways obstruction and its risk factors in the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study: a multinational cross-sectional study
- Author
-
Knox-Brown, Ben, Patel, Jaymini, Potts, James, Ahmed, Rana, Aquart-Stewart, Althea, Cherkaski, Hamid Hacene, Denguezli, Meriam, Elbiaze, Mohammed, Elsony, Asma, Franssen, Frits M E, Ghobain, Mohammed Al, Harrabi, Imed, Janson, Christer, Jõgi, Rain, Juvekar, Sanjay, Lawin, Herve, Mannino, David, Mortimer, Kevin, Nafees, Asaad Ahmed, Nielsen, Rune, Obaseki, Daniel, Paraguas, Stefanni Nonna M, Rashid, Abdul, Loh, Li-Cher, Salvi, Sundeep, Seemungal, Terence, Studnicka, Michael, Tan, Wan C, Wouters, Emiel E F M, Barbara, Cristina, Gislason, Thorarinn, Gunasekera, Kirthi, Burney, Peter, and Amaral, Andre F S
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Biomarkers of the L-Arginine/Dimethylarginine/Nitric Oxide Pathway in People with Chronic Airflow Obstruction and Obstructive Sleep Apnoea
- Author
-
Hannemann, Juliane, primary, Thorarinnsdottir, Elin H., additional, Amaral, André F. S., additional, Schwedhelm, Edzard, additional, Schmidt-Hutten, Lena, additional, Stang, Heike, additional, Benediktsdottir, Bryndis, additional, Gunnarsdóttir, Ingibjörg, additional, Gislason, Thórarinn, additional, and Böger, Rainer, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Addressing the origins and health effects of small lungs – Authors' reply
- Author
-
Burney, Peter, primary, Knox-Brown, Ben, additional, and Amaral, André F S, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Age at menarche and lung function: a Mendelian randomization study
- Author
-
Gill, Dipender, Sheehan, Nuala A., Wielscher, Matthias, Shrine, Nick, Amaral, Andre F. S., Thompson, John R., Granell, Raquel, Leynaert, Bénédicte, Real, Francisco Gómez, Hall, Ian P., Tobin, Martin D., Auvinen, Juha, Ring, Susan M., Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Wain, Louise V., Henderson, John, Jarvis, Deborah, and Minelli, Cosetta
- Published
- 2017
6. Small lung syndrome: the need to reclassify chronic lung disease
- Author
-
Burney, Peter, primary, Knox-Brown, Ben, additional, and Amaral, André F S, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. 65 The Adverse Health Effects of Exposure to PM2.5 on the London Underground
- Author
-
Mak, Justie, primary, Cullinan, Paul, additional, Feary, Johanna, additional, Marczylo, Emma, additional, Amaral, André F S, additional, and Green, David, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Airflow Obstruction and Use of Solid Fuels for Cooking or Heating. BOLD (Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease) Results
- Author
-
Amaral, André F. S., Patel, Jaymini, Kato, Bernet S., Obaseki, Daniel O., Lawin, Hervé, Tan, Wan C., Juvekar, Sanjay K., Harrabi, Imed, Studnicka, Michael, Wouters, Emiel F. M., Loh, Li-Cher, Bateman, Eric D., Mortimer, Kevin, Buist, Sonia A., and Burney, Peter G. J.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Prevalence and Population-Attributable Risk for Chronic Airflow Obstruction in a Large Multinational Study
- Author
-
Burney, Peter, primary, Patel, Jaymini, additional, Minelli, Cosetta, additional, Gnatiuc, Louisa, additional, Amaral, André F. S., additional, Kocabaş, Ali, additional, Cherkaski, Hamid Hacene, additional, Gulsvik, Amund, additional, Nielsen, Rune, additional, Bateman, Eric, additional, Jithoo, Anamika, additional, Mortimer, Kevin, additional, Sooronbaev, Talant M., additional, Lawin, Hervé, additional, Nejjari, Chakib, additional, Elbiaze, Mohammed, additional, El Rhazi, Karima, additional, Zheng, Jin-Ping, additional, Ran, Pixin, additional, Welte, Tobias, additional, Obaseki, Daniel, additional, Erhabor, Gregory, additional, Elsony, Asma, additional, Osman, Nada Bakri, additional, Ahmed, Rana, additional, Nizankowska-Mogilnicka, Ewa, additional, Mejza, Filip, additional, Mannino, David M., additional, Bárbara, Cristina, additional, Wouters, Emiel F. M., additional, Idolor, Luisito F., additional, Loh, Li-Cher, additional, Rashid, Abdul, additional, Juvekar, Sanjay, additional, Gislason, Thorarinn, additional, Al Ghobain, Mohamed, additional, Studnicka, Michael, additional, Harrabi, Imed, additional, Denguezli, Meriam, additional, Koul, Parvaiz A., additional, Jenkins, Christine, additional, Marks, Guy, additional, Jõgi, Rain, additional, Hafizi, Hasan, additional, Janson, Christer, additional, Tan, Wan C., additional, Aquart-Stewart, Althea, additional, Mbatchou, Bertrand, additional, Nafees, Asaad Ahmed, additional, Gunasekera, Kirthi, additional, Seemungal, Terry, additional, Anand, Mahesh Padukudru, additional, Enright, Paul, additional, Vollmer, William M., additional, Blangiardo, Marta, additional, Elfadaly, Fadlalla G., additional, Buist, A. Sonia, additional, Aliko, Anila, additional, Bardhi, Donika, additional, Tafa, Holta, additional, Thanasi, Natasha, additional, Mezini, Arian, additional, Teferici, Alma, additional, Todri, Dafina, additional, Nikolla, Jolanda, additional, Kazasi, Rezarta, additional, Bengrait, Amira, additional, Haddad, Tabarek, additional, Zgaoula, Ibtissem, additional, Ghit, Maamar, additional, Roubhia, Abdelhamid, additional, Boudra, Soumaya, additional, Atoui, Feryal, additional, Yakoubi, Randa, additional, Benali, Rachid, additional, Bencheikh, Abdelghani, additional, Ait-Khaled, Nadia, additional, Bird, Tessa, additional, Espinel, Paola, additional, Hardaker, Kate, additional, Toelle, Brett, additional, Dawes, Torkil, additional, Lamprecht, Bernd, additional, Schirhofer, Lea, additional, Islam, Akramul, additional, Ahmed, Syed Masud, additional, Islam, Shayla, additional, Islam, Qazi Shafayetul, additional, Chowdhury, Tridib Roy, additional, Chatterjee, Sukantha Kumar, additional, Mia, Dulal, additional, Das, Shyamal Chandra, additional, Rahman, Mizanur, additional, Islam, Nazrul, additional, Uddin, Shahaz, additional, Islam, Nurul, additional, Khatun, Luiza, additional, Parvin, Monira, additional, Khan, Abdul Awal, additional, Islam, Maidul, additional, Lawin, Herve, additional, Kpangon, Arsene, additional, Kpossou, Karl, additional, Agodokpessi, Gildas, additional, Ayelo, Paul, additional, Fayomi, Benjamin, additional, Ashu, Atongno Humphrey, additional, Wang, Wen, additional, Zhong, NanShan, additional, Liu, Shengming, additional, Lu, Jiachun, additional, Wang, Dali, additional, Zheng, Jin-ping, additional, Zhou, Yumin, additional, Laja, Hendrik, additional, Ulst, Katrin, additional, Zobel, Vappu, additional, Lill, Toomas-Julius, additional, Adegnika, Ayola Akim, additional, Bodemann, Isabelle, additional, Geldmacher, Henning, additional, Schweda-Linow, Alexandra, additional, Benedikdtsdottir, Bryndis, additional, Jörundsdottir, Kristin, additional, Gudmundsdottir, Lovisa, additional, Gudmundsdottir, Sigrun, additional, Gudmundsson, Gunnar, additional, Rao, Mahesh, additional, Malik, Sajjad, additional, Hakim, Nissar A., additional, Khan, Umar Hafiz, additional, Chowgule, Rohini, additional, Shetye, Vasant, additional, Raphael, Jonelle, additional, Almeda, Rosel, additional, Tawde, Mahesh, additional, Tadvi, Rafiq, additional, Katkar, Sunil, additional, Kadam, Milind, additional, Dhanawade, Rupesh, additional, Ghurup, Umesh, additional, Hirve, Siddhi, additional, Sambhudas, Somnath, additional, Chaidhary, Bharat, additional, Tambe, Meera, additional, Pingale, Savita, additional, Umap, Arati, additional, Umap, Archana, additional, Shelar, Nitin, additional, Devchakke, Sampada, additional, Chaudhary, Sharda, additional, Bondre, Suvarna, additional, Walke, Savita, additional, Gawhane, Ashleshsa, additional, Sapkal, Anil, additional, Argade, Rupali, additional, Gaikwad, Vijay, additional, Salvi, Sundeep, additional, Brashier, Bill, additional, Londhe, Jyoti, additional, Madas, Sapna, additional, Aikman, Akosua Francia, additional, Estebesova, Bermet M., additional, Akmatalieva, Meerim, additional, Usenbaeva, Saadat, additional, Kydyrova, Jypara, additional, Bostonova, Eliza, additional, Sheraliev, Ulan, additional, Marajapov, Nuridin, additional, Toktogulova, Nurgul, additional, Emilov, Berik, additional, Azilova, Toktogul, additional, Beishekeeva, Gulnara, additional, Dononbaeva, Nasyikat, additional, Tabyshova, Aijamal, additional, Nyapigoti, Wezzie, additional, Mwangoka, Ernest, additional, Kambwili, Mayamiko, additional, Chipeta, Martha, additional, Banda, Gloria, additional, Mkandawire, Suzgo, additional, Banda, Justice, additional, Sholehah, Siti, additional, Benjelloun, Mohamed C., additional, Elbiaze, Mohamed, additional, Wouters, E. F. M., additional, Wesseling, G. J., additional, Awopeju, Olayemi, additional, Adewole, Olufemi, additional, Endresen, Tina, additional, Svendsen, Lene, additional, Nafees, Asaad A., additional, de Guia, Teresita S., additional, Francisco, Norberto A., additional, Roa, Camilo C., additional, Ayuyao, Fernando G., additional, Tady, Cecil Z., additional, Tan, Daniel T., additional, Banal-Yang, Sylvia, additional, Balanag, Vincent M., additional, Reyes, Maria Teresita N., additional, Dantes, Renato. B., additional, Dantes, Renato B., additional, Amarillo, Lourdes, additional, Berratio, Lakan U., additional, Fernandez, Lenora C., additional, Garcia, Gerard S., additional, Naval, Sullian S., additional, Reyes, Thessa, additional, Sanchez, Ma. Flordeliza, additional, Simpao, Leander P., additional, Frey, Jakub, additional, Harat, Rafal, additional, Nastalek, Pawel, additional, Pajak, Andrzej, additional, Skucha, Wojciech, additional, Szczeklik, Andrzej, additional, Twardowska, Magda, additional, Rodrigues, Fátima, additional, Dias, Hermínia, additional, Cardoso, João, additional, Almeida, João, additional, Matos, Maria João, additional, Simão, Paula, additional, Santos, Moutinho, additional, Ferreira, Reis, additional, Al Ghobain, M., additional, Alorainy, H., additional, El-Hamad, E., additional, Al Hajjaj, M., additional, Hashi, A., additional, Dela, R., additional, Fanuncio, R., additional, Doloriel, E., additional, Marciano, I., additional, Safia, L., additional, Adams, Desiree, additional, Barnes, Edward, additional, Freeman, Jasper, additional, Hayes, Anton, additional, Hlengwa, Sipho, additional, Johannisen, Christine, additional, Koopman, Mariana, additional, Louw, Innocentia, additional, Ludick, Ina, additional, Olckers, Alta, additional, Ryck, Johanna, additional, Storbeck, Janita, additional, Wickremasinghe, Rajitha, additional, Elsadig, Hana A., additional, Osman, Nada Bakery, additional, Noory, Bandar Salah, additional, Mohamed, Monjda Awad, additional, Osman, Hasab Alrasoul Akasha Ahmed, additional, ed Elhassan, Namarig Moham, additional, Mu‘is El Zain, Abdel, additional, Mohamaden, Marwa Mohamed, additional, Khalifa, Suhaiba, additional, Elhadi, Mahmoud, additional, Hassan, Mohand, additional, Abdelmonam, Dalia, additional, Olafsdottir, Inga Sif, additional, Nisser, Katarina, additional, Spetz-Nyström, Ulrike, additional, Hägg, Gunilla, additional, Lund, Gun-Marie, additional, Seemungal, Terence, additional, Lutchmansingh, Fallon, additional, Conyette, Liane, additional, Denguezli, Myriam, additional, Tabka, Zouhair, additional, Daldoul, Hager, additional, Boukheroufa, Zaki, additional, Chouikha, Firas, additional, Khalifa, Wahbi Belhaj, additional, Hancioglu, Attila, additional, Hanta, Ismail, additional, Kuleci, Sedat, additional, Turkyilmaz, Ahmet Sinan, additional, Umut, Sema, additional, Unalan, Turgay, additional, Burney, Peter G. J., additional, Azar, Hadia, additional, Amor, Caron, additional, Potts, James, additional, Tumilty, Michael, additional, McLean, Fiona, additional, Dudhaiya, Risha, additional, McBurnie, Mary Ann, additional, Gillespie, Suzanne, additional, Sullivan, Sean, additional, Lee, Todd A., additional, Weiss, Kevin B., additional, Jensen, Robert L., additional, Crapo, Robert, additional, Cain, John, additional, Copeland, Rebecca, additional, Hazen, Dana, additional, and Methvin, Jennifer, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Prevalence and Population-Attributable Risk for Chronic Airflow Obstruction in a Large Multinational Study
- Author
-
Burney, Peter, Patel, Jaymini, Minelli, Cosetta, Gnatiuc, Louisa, Amaral, André F. S., Kocabaş, Ali, Cherkaski, Hamid Hacene, Gulsvik, Amund, Nielsen, Rune, Bateman, Eric, Jithoo, Anamika, Mortimer, Kevin, Sooronbaev, Talant M., Lawin, Hervé, Nejjari, Chakib, Elbiaze, Mohammed, El Rhazi, Karima, Zheng, Jin-Ping, Ran, Pixin, Welte, Tobias, Obaseki, Daniel, Erhabor, Gregory, Elsony, Asma, Osman, Nada Bakri, Ahmed, Rana, Nizankowska-Mogilnicka, Ewa, Mejza, Filip, Mannino, David M., Bárbara, Cristina, Wouters, Emiel F. M., Idolor, Luisito F., Loh, Li-Cher, Rashid, Abdul, Juvekar, Sanjay, Gislason, Thorarinn, Al Ghobain, Mohamed, Studnicka, Michael, Harrabi, Imed, Denguezli, Meriam, Koul, Parvaiz A., Jenkins, Christine, Marks, Guy, Jõgi, Rain, Hafizi, Hasan, Janson, Christer, Tan, Wan C., Aquart-Stewart, Althea, Mbatchou, Bertrand, Nafees, Asaad, Gunasekera, Kirthi, Seemungal, Terry, Padukudru Anand, Mahesh, Enright, Paul, Vollmer, William M., Blangiardo, Marta, Elfadaly, Fadlalla G., Buist, A. Sonia, Burney, Peter, Patel, Jaymini, Minelli, Cosetta, Gnatiuc, Louisa, Amaral, André F. S., Kocabaş, Ali, Cherkaski, Hamid Hacene, Gulsvik, Amund, Nielsen, Rune, Bateman, Eric, Jithoo, Anamika, Mortimer, Kevin, Sooronbaev, Talant M., Lawin, Hervé, Nejjari, Chakib, Elbiaze, Mohammed, El Rhazi, Karima, Zheng, Jin-Ping, Ran, Pixin, Welte, Tobias, Obaseki, Daniel, Erhabor, Gregory, Elsony, Asma, Osman, Nada Bakri, Ahmed, Rana, Nizankowska-Mogilnicka, Ewa, Mejza, Filip, Mannino, David M., Bárbara, Cristina, Wouters, Emiel F. M., Idolor, Luisito F., Loh, Li-Cher, Rashid, Abdul, Juvekar, Sanjay, Gislason, Thorarinn, Al Ghobain, Mohamed, Studnicka, Michael, Harrabi, Imed, Denguezli, Meriam, Koul, Parvaiz A., Jenkins, Christine, Marks, Guy, Jõgi, Rain, Hafizi, Hasan, Janson, Christer, Tan, Wan C., Aquart-Stewart, Althea, Mbatchou, Bertrand, Nafees, Asaad, Gunasekera, Kirthi, Seemungal, Terry, Padukudru Anand, Mahesh, Enright, Paul, Vollmer, William M., Blangiardo, Marta, Elfadaly, Fadlalla G., and Buist, A. Sonia
- Abstract
Rationale: The Global Burden of Disease program identified smoking and ambient and household air pollution as the main drivers of death and disability from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Objectives: To estimate the attributable risk of chronic airflow obstruction (CAO), a quantifiable characteristic of COPD, due to several risk factors. Methods: The Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study is a cross-sectional study of adults, aged ≥40, in a globally distributed sample of 41 urban and rural sites. Based on data from 28,459 participants, we estimated the prevalence of CAO, defined as a postbronchodilator FEV1-to-FVC ratio less than the lower limit of normal, and the relative risks associated with different risk factors. Local relative risks were estimated using a Bayesian hierarchical model borrowing information from across sites. From these relative risks and the prevalence of risk factors, we estimated local population attributable risks. Measurements and Main Results: The mean prevalence of CAO was 11.2% in men and 8.6% in women. The mean population attributable risk for smoking was 5.1% in men and 2.2% in women. The next most influential risk factors were poor education levels, working in a dusty job for ≥10 years, low body mass index, and a history of tuberculosis. The risk of CAO attributable to the different risk factors varied across sites. Conclusions: Although smoking remains the most important risk factor for CAO, in some areas, poor education, low body mass index, and passive smoking are of greater importance. Dusty occupations and tuberculosis are important risk factors at some sites.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Interaction between gas cooking and GSTM1 null genotype in bronchial responsiveness: results from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey
- Author
-
Amaral, André F S, Ramasamy, Adaikalavan, Castro-Giner, Francesc, Minelli, Cosetta, Accordini, Simone, Sørheim, Inga-Cecilie, Pin, Isabelle, Kogevinas, Manolis, Jõgi, Rain, Balding, David J, Norbäck, Dan, Verlato, Giuseppe, Olivieri, Mario, Probst-Hensch, Nicole, Janson, Christer, Zock, Jan-Paul, Heinrich, Joachim, and Jarvis, Deborah L
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Pancreatic cancer risk and levels of trace elements
- Author
-
Amaral, André F S, Porta, Miquel, Silverman, Debra T, Milne, Roger L, Kogevinas, Manolis, Rothman, Nathaniel, Cantor, Kenneth P, Jackson, Brian P, Pumarega, José A, López, Tomàs, Carrato, Alfredo, Guarner, Luisa, Real, Francisco X, and Malats, Núria
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Asthma exacerbations, air pollution, and allergens – Authors' reply
- Author
-
Burney, Peter, primary and Amaral, André F S, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Air pollution and chronic airway disease: is the evidence always clear?
- Author
-
Burney, Peter, primary and Amaral, André F S, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Epigenome-wide association study of lung function level and its change
- Author
-
Imboden, Medea, Wielscher, Matthias, Rezwan, Faisal I, Amaral, André F S, Schaffner, Emmanuel, Jeong, Ayoung, Beckmeyer-Borowko, Anna, Harris, Sarah E, Starr, John M, Deary, Ian J, Flexeder, Claudia, Waldenberger, Melanie, Peters, Annette, Schulz, Holger, Chen, Su, Sunny, Shadia Khan, Karmaus, Wilfried J J, Jiang, Yu, Erhart, Gertraud, Kronenberg, Florian, Arathimos, Ryan, Sharp, Gemma C, Henderson, Alexander John, Fu, Yu, Piirilä, Päivi, Pietiläinen, Kirsi H, Ollikainen, Miina, Johansson, Åsa, Gyllensten, Ulf B., de Vries, Maaike, van der Plaat, Diana A, de Jong, Kim, Boezen, H Marike, Hall, Ian P, Tobin, Martin D, Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Holloway, John W, Jarvis, Deborah, Probst-Hensch, Nicole M, Imboden, Medea, Wielscher, Matthias, Rezwan, Faisal I, Amaral, André F S, Schaffner, Emmanuel, Jeong, Ayoung, Beckmeyer-Borowko, Anna, Harris, Sarah E, Starr, John M, Deary, Ian J, Flexeder, Claudia, Waldenberger, Melanie, Peters, Annette, Schulz, Holger, Chen, Su, Sunny, Shadia Khan, Karmaus, Wilfried J J, Jiang, Yu, Erhart, Gertraud, Kronenberg, Florian, Arathimos, Ryan, Sharp, Gemma C, Henderson, Alexander John, Fu, Yu, Piirilä, Päivi, Pietiläinen, Kirsi H, Ollikainen, Miina, Johansson, Åsa, Gyllensten, Ulf B., de Vries, Maaike, van der Plaat, Diana A, de Jong, Kim, Boezen, H Marike, Hall, Ian P, Tobin, Martin D, Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Holloway, John W, Jarvis, Deborah, and Probst-Hensch, Nicole M
- Abstract
Previous reports link differential DNA methylation (DNAme) to environmental exposures that are associated with lung function. Direct evidence on lung function DNAme is, however, limited. We undertook an agnostic epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) on pre-bronchodilation lung function and its change in adults.In a discovery-replication EWAS design, DNAme in blood and spirometry were measured twice, 6-15 years apart, in the same participants of three adult population-based discovery cohorts (n=2043). Associated DNAme markers (p<5×10-7) were tested in seven replication cohorts (adult: n=3327; childhood: n=420). Technical bias-adjusted residuals of a regression of the normalised absolute β-values on control probe-derived principle components were regressed on level and change of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and their ratio (FEV1/FVC) in the covariate-adjusted discovery EWAS. Inverse-variance-weighted meta-analyses were performed on results from discovery and replication samples in all participants and never-smokers.EWAS signals were enriched for smoking-related DNAme. We replicated 57 lung function DNAme markers in adult, but not childhood samples, all previously associated with smoking. Markers not previously associated with smoking failed replication. cg05575921 (AHRR (aryl hydrocarbon receptor repressor)) showed the statistically most significant association with cross-sectional lung function (FEV1/FVC: pdiscovery=3.96×10-21 and pcombined=7.22×10-50). A score combining 10 DNAme markers previously reported to mediate the effect of smoking on lung function was associated with lung function (FEV1/FVC: p=2.65×10-20).Our results reveal that lung function-associated methylation signals in adults are predominantly smoking related, and possibly of clinical utility in identifying poor lung function and accelerated decline. Larger studies with more repeat time-points are needed to identify lung function DNAme in never-smokers and i
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Airflow obstruction and use of solid fuels for cooking or heating: BOLD results
- Author
-
Amaral, André F. S., Patel, Jaymini, Kato, Bernet S, Obaseki, Daniel O, Lawin, Hervé, Tan, Wan C, Juvekar, Sanjay K, Harrabi, Imed, Studnicka, Michael, Wouters, Emiel F.M., Loh, Li-Cher, Bateman, Eric D., Mortimer, Kevin, Buist, A. Sonia, Burney, Peter G.J., and Wellcome Trust
- Subjects
wa_754 ,Low income countries ,solid fuels (biomass) ,Respiratory System ,wa_395 ,airflow obstruction ,wa_795 ,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ,LOWER LIMIT ,BIOMASS SMOKE ,Critical Care Medicine ,POLLUTION ,BOLD Collaborative Research Group ,low-income countries ,General & Internal Medicine ,YOUNG-ADULTS ,PULMONARY-DISEASE ,COPD ,Biomass ,CHIMNEY STOVE INTERVENTION ,11 Medical and Health Sciences ,Science & Technology ,REFERENCE VALUES ,wf_20 ,respiratory tract diseases ,Airway Obstruction ,CHRONIC-BRONCHITIS ,NEVER-SMOKERS ,RISK-FACTORS ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,wf_600 - Abstract
Rationale: \ud Evidence supporting the association of COPD or airflow obstruction with use of solid fuels is conflicting and inconsistent.\ud \ud Objective: \ud To assess the association of airflow obstruction with self-reported use of solid fuels for cooking or heating.\ud \ud Methods: \ud We analysed 18,554 adults from the BOLD study, who had provided acceptable post-bronchodilator spirometry measurements and information on use of solid fuels. The association of airflow obstruction with use of solid fuels for cooking or heating was assessed by sex, within each site, using regression analysis. Estimates were stratified by national income and meta-analysed. We carried out similar analyses for spirometric restriction, chronic cough and chronic phlegm.\ud \ud Measurements and main results: \ud We found no association between airflow obstruction and use of solid fuels for cooking or heating (ORmen=1.20, 95%CI 0.94-1.53; ORwomen=0.88, 95%CI 0.67-1.15). This was true for low/middle and high income sites. Among never smokers there was also no evidence of an association of airflow obstruction with use of solid fuels (ORmen=1.00, 95%CI 0.57-1.76; ORwomen=1.00, 95%CI 0.76-1.32). Overall, we found no association of spirometric restriction, chronic cough or chronic phlegm with the use of solid fuels. However, we found that chronic phlegm was more likely to be reported among female never smokers and those who had been exposed for ≥20 years.\ud \ud Conclusion: \ud Airflow obstruction assessed from post-bronchodilator spirometry was not associated with use of solid fuels for cooking or heating.
- Published
- 2017
17. Systematic review of lung function and COPD with peripheral blood DNA methylation in population based studies
- Author
-
Machin, Matthew, Amaral, André F. S., Wielscher, Matthias, Rezwan, Faisal I., Imboden, Medea, Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Adcock, Ian M., Probst-Hensch, Nicole, Holloway, John W., Jarvis, Deborah L., Wellcome Trust, and Commission of the European Communities
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Science & Technology ,DNA methylation ,Respiratory System ,Peripheral blood ,GLOBAL BURDEN ,OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE ,CANCER ,1102 Cardiovascular Medicine And Haematology ,Lung function ,PREVALENCE ,Epigenesis, Genetic ,Respiratory Function Tests ,respiratory tract diseases ,AIR-FLOW OBSTRUCTION ,Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ,CELLS ,RISK-FACTORS ,Humans ,COPD ,Epigenetics ,SMOKING ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,Research Article - Abstract
Background Epigenetic variations in peripheral blood have potential as biomarkers for disease. This systematic review assesses the association of lung function and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with DNA methylation profiles in peripheral blood from population-based studies. Methods Online databases Medline, Embase, and Web of Science were searched. Google Scholar was searched to identify grey literature. After removing duplicate articles, 1155 articles were independently screened by two investigators. Peer reviewed reports on population-based studies that examined peripheral blood DNA methylation in participants with measured lung function (FEV1, FEV1/FVC ratio) or known COPD status were selected for full-text review. Six articles were suitable for inclusion. Information regarding study characteristics, designs, methodologies and conclusions was extracted. A narrative synthesis was performed based on published results. Results Three of the six articles assessed the association of COPD with DNA methylation, and two of these also included associations with lung function. Overall, five reports examined the association of lung function with DNA methylation profiles. Five of the six articles reported ‘significant’ results. However, no consistent CpG sites were identified across studies for COPD status or lung function values. Conclusions DNA methylation patterns in peripheral blood from individuals with reduced lung function or COPD may be different to those in people with normal lung function. However, this systematic review did not find any consistent associations of lung function or COPD with differentially methylated CpG sites. Large studies with a longitudinal design to address reverse causality may prove a more fruitful area of research. Trial registration PROSPERO 2016: CRD42016037352. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12890-017-0397-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
- Published
- 2017
18. Role of DNA methylation in the association of lung function with body mass index: a two-step epigenetic Mendelian randomisation study.
- Author
-
Amaral, André F. S., Imboden, Medea, Wielscher, Matthias, Rezwan, Faisal I., Minelli, Cosetta, Garcia-Aymerich, Judith, Peralta, Gabriela P., Auvinen, Juha, Jeong, Ayoung, Schaffner, Emmanuel, Beckmeyer-Borowko, Anna, Holloway, John W., Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Probst-Hensch, Nicole M., Jarvis, Deborah L., and ALEC consortium
- Subjects
DNA methylation ,BODY mass index ,EPIGENOMICS ,LUNGS ,LUNG diseases ,AIR pollution - Abstract
Background: Low lung function has been associated with increased body mass index (BMI). The aim of this study was to investigate whether the effect of BMI on lung function is mediated by DNA methylation.Methods: We used individual data from 285,495 participants in four population-based cohorts: the European Community Respiratory Health Survey, the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966, the Swiss Study on Air Pollution and Lung Disease in Adults, and the UK Biobank. We carried out Mendelian randomisation (MR) analyses in two steps using a two-sample approach with SNPs as instrumental variables (IVs) in each step. In step 1 MR, we estimated the causal effect of BMI on peripheral blood DNA methylation (measured at genome-wide level) using 95 BMI-associated SNPs as IVs. In step 2 MR, we estimated the causal effect of DNA methylation on FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC using two SNPs acting as methQTLs occurring close (in cis) to CpGs identified in the first step. These analyses were conducted after exclusion of weak IVs (F statistic < 10) and MR estimates were derived using the Wald ratio, with standard error from the delta method. Individuals whose data were used in step 1 were not included in step 2.Results: In step 1, we found that BMI might have a small causal effect on DNA methylation levels (less than 1% change in methylation per 1 kg/m2 increase in BMI) at two CpGs (cg09046979 and cg12580248). In step 2, we found no evidence of a causal effect of DNA methylation at cg09046979 on lung function. We could not estimate the causal effect of DNA methylation at cg12580248 on lung function as we could not find publicly available data on the association of this CpG with SNPs.Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first paper to report the use of a two-step MR approach to assess the role of DNA methylation in mediating the effect of a non-genetic factor on lung function. Our findings do not support a mediating effect of DNA methylation in the association of lung function with BMI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Body mass index and weight change are associated with adult lung function trajectories: the prospective ECRHS study.
- Author
-
Peralta, Gabriela P., Marcon, Alessandro, Carsin, Anne-Elie, Abramson, Michael J., Accordini, Simone, Amaral, André F. S., Antó, Josep M., Bowatte, Gayan, Burney, Peter, Corsico, Angelo, Demoly, Pascal, Dharmage, Shyamali, Forsberg, Bertil, Fuertes, Elaine, Garcia-Larsen, Vanessa, Gíslason, Thorarinn, Gullón, José-Antonio, Heinrich, Joachim, Holm, Mathias, and Jarvis, Deborah l.
- Subjects
BODY mass index ,LONGITUDINAL method ,WEIGHT gain ,LUNGS ,WEIGHT loss ,OBESITY ,LIFESTYLES ,RESEARCH ,BODY weight ,PREDICTIVE tests ,AGE distribution ,RESEARCH methodology ,RESPIRATORY measurements ,EVALUATION research ,MEDICAL cooperation ,SEX distribution ,RISK assessment ,COMPARATIVE studies ,PULMONARY function tests ,FORCED expiratory volume ,RESEARCH funding - Abstract
Background: Previous studies have reported an association between weight increase and excess lung function decline in young adults followed for short periods. We aimed to estimate lung function trajectories during adulthood from 20-year weight change profiles using data from the population-based European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS).Methods: We included 3673 participants recruited at age 20-44 years with repeated measurements of weight and lung function (forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)) in three study waves (1991-93, 1999-2003, 2010-14) until they were 39-67 years of age. We classified subjects into weight change profiles according to baseline body mass index (BMI) categories and weight change over 20 years. We estimated trajectories of lung function over time as a function of weight change profiles using population-averaged generalised estimating equations.Results: In individuals with normal BMI, overweight and obesity at baseline, moderate (0.25-1 kg/year) and high weight gain (>1 kg/year) during follow-up were associated with accelerated FVC and FEV1 declines. Compared with participants with baseline normal BMI and stable weight (±0.25 kg/year), obese individuals with high weight gain during follow-up had -1011 mL (95% CI -1.259 to -763) lower estimated FVC at 65 years despite similar estimated FVC levels at 25 years. Obese individuals at baseline who lost weight (<-0.25 kg/year) exhibited an attenuation of FVC and FEV1 declines. We found no association between weight change profiles and FEV1/FVC decline.Conclusion: Moderate and high weight gain over 20 years was associated with accelerated lung function decline, while weight loss was related to its attenuation. Control of weight gain is important for maintaining good lung function in adult life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Highlights from the European Respiratory Society 2018 Annual Congress: environment and epidemiology (assembly 6)
- Author
-
Amaral, André F. S., primary
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Highlights from the European Respiratory Society 2017 annual congress: epidemiology and environment (assembly 6)
- Author
-
Gagnat, Ane Aamli, primary and Amaral, André F. S., additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Female Smokers Are at Greater Risk of Airflow Obstruction Than Male Smokers. UK Biobank
- Author
-
Amaral, André F. S., primary, Strachan, David P., additional, Burney, Peter G. J., additional, and Jarvis, Deborah L., additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Concentrations of trace elements and KRAS mutations in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
- Author
-
Gómez‐Tomás, Álvaro, Pumarega, José, Alguacil, Juan, Amaral, André F. S., Malats, Núria, Pallarès, Natàlia, Gasull, Magda, and Porta, Miquel
- Subjects
GENETIC mutation ,TRACE elements ,ARSENIC ,INDUCTIVELY coupled plasma mass spectrometry - Abstract
Trace elements are a possible risk factor for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, their role in the occurrence and persistence of KRAS mutations remains unstudied. There appear to be no studies analyzing biomarkers of trace elements and KRAS mutations in any human cancer. We aimed to determine whether patients with KRAS mutated and nonmutated tumors exhibit differences in concentrations of trace elements. Incident cases of PDAC were prospectively identified in five hospitals in Spain. KRAS mutational status was determined through polymerase chain reaction from tumor tissue. Concentrations of 12 trace elements were determined in toenail samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Concentrations of trace elements were compared in 78 PDAC cases and 416 hospital‐based controls (case–control analyses), and between 17 KRAS wild‐type tumors and 61 KRAS mutated tumors (case–case analyses). Higher levels of iron, arsenic, and vanadium were associated with a statistically nonsignificant increased risk of a KRAS wild‐type PDAC (OR for higher tertile of arsenic = 3.37, 95% CI 0.98–11.57). Lower levels of nickel and manganese were associated with a statistically significant higher risk of a KRAS mutated PDAC (OR for manganese = 0.34, 95% CI 0.14–0.80). Higher levels of selenium appeared protective for both mutated and KRAS wild‐type PDAC. Higher levels of cadmium and lead were clear risk factors for both KRAS mutated and wild‐type cases. This is the first study analyzing biomarkers of trace elements and KRAS mutations in any human cancer. Concentrations of trace elements differed markedly between PDAC cases with and without mutations in codon 12 of the KRAS oncogene, thus suggesting a role for trace elements in pancreatic and perhaps other cancers with such mutations. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 60:693–703, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Changes in IgE sensitization and total IgE levels over 20 years of follow-up
- Author
-
Amaral, André F S, Newson, Roger B, Abramson, Michael J, Antó, Josep M, Bono, Roberto, Corsico, Angelo G, de Marco, Roberto, Demoly, Pascal, Forsberg, Bertil, Gislason, Thorarinn, Heinrich, Joachim, Huerta, Ismael, Janson, Christer, Jõgi, Rain, Kim, Jeong-Lim, Maldonado, José, Martinez-Moratalla Rovira, Jesús, Neukirch, Catherine, Nowak, Dennis, Pin, Isabelle, Probst-Hensch, Nicole, Raherison-Semjen, Chantal, Svanes, Cecilie, Urrutia Landa, Isabel, van Ree, Ronald, Versteeg, Serge A, Weyler, Joost, Zock, Jan-Paul, Burney, Peter G J, Jarvis, Deborah L, Amaral, André F S, Newson, Roger B, Abramson, Michael J, Antó, Josep M, Bono, Roberto, Corsico, Angelo G, de Marco, Roberto, Demoly, Pascal, Forsberg, Bertil, Gislason, Thorarinn, Heinrich, Joachim, Huerta, Ismael, Janson, Christer, Jõgi, Rain, Kim, Jeong-Lim, Maldonado, José, Martinez-Moratalla Rovira, Jesús, Neukirch, Catherine, Nowak, Dennis, Pin, Isabelle, Probst-Hensch, Nicole, Raherison-Semjen, Chantal, Svanes, Cecilie, Urrutia Landa, Isabel, van Ree, Ronald, Versteeg, Serge A, Weyler, Joost, Zock, Jan-Paul, Burney, Peter G J, and Jarvis, Deborah L
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cross-sectional studies have reported a lower prevalence of sensitization in older adults, but few longitudinal studies have examined whether this is an aging or a year-of-birth cohort effect. OBJECTIVE: We sought to assess changes in sensitization and total IgE levels in a cohort of European adults as they aged over a 20-year period. METHODS: Levels of serum specific IgE to common aeroallergens (house dust mite, cat, and grass) and total IgE levels were measured in 3206 adults from 25 centers in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey on 3 occasions over 20 years. Changes in sensitization and total IgE levels were analyzed by using regression analysis corrected for potential differences in laboratory equipment and by using inverse sampling probability weights to account for nonresponse. RESULTS: Over the 20-year follow-up, the prevalence of sensitization to at least 1 of the 3 allergens decreased from 29.4% to 24.8% (-4.6%; 95% CI, -7.0% to -2.1%). The prevalence of sensitization to house dust mite (-4.3%; 95% CI, -6.0% to -2.6%) and cat (-2.1%; 95% CI, -3.6% to -0.7%) decreased more than sensitization to grass (-0.6%; 95% CI, -2.5% to 1.3%). Age-specific prevalence of sensitization to house dust mite and cat did not differ between year-of-birth cohorts, but sensitization to grass was most prevalent in the most recent ones. Overall, total IgE levels decreased significantly (geometric mean ratio, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.58-0.68) at all ages in all year-of-birth cohorts. CONCLUSION: Aging was associated with lower levels of sensitization, especially to house dust mite and cat, after the age of 20 years.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Understanding the Influence of Genes, Diet, and Occupation on Respiratory Health
- Author
-
Amaral, André F. S., primary, Garcia Larsen, Vanessa, additional, De Matteis, Sara, additional, and Minelli, Cosetta, additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Airflow Obstruction and Use of Solid Fuels for Cooking or Heating: BOLD Results.
- Author
-
Amaral, André F. S., Patel, Jaymini, Kato, Bernet S., Obaseki, Daniel O., Lawin, Hervé, Tan, Wan C., Juvekar, Sanjay K., Harrabi, Imed, Studnicka, Michael, Wouters, Emiel F. M., Li-Cher Loh, Bateman, Eric D., Mortimer, Kevin, Buist, A. Sonia, Burney, Peter G. J., Loh, Li-Cher, and BOLD Collaborative Research Group
- Abstract
Rationale: Evidence supporting the association of COPD or airflow obstruction with use of solid fuels is conflicting and inconsistent.Objective: To assess the association of airflow obstruction with self-reported use of solid fuels for cooking or heating.Methods: We analysed 18,554 adults from the BOLD study, who had provided acceptable post-bronchodilator spirometry measurements and information on use of solid fuels. The association of airflow obstruction with use of solid fuels for cooking or heating was assessed by sex, within each site, using regression analysis. Estimates were stratified by national income and meta-analysed. We carried out similar analyses for spirometric restriction, chronic cough and chronic phlegm.Measurements and Main Results: We found no association between airflow obstruction and use of solid fuels for cooking or heating (ORmen=1.20, 95%CI 0.94-1.53; ORwomen=0.88, 95%CI 0.67-1.15). This was true for low/middle and high income sites. Among never smokers there was also no evidence of an association of airflow obstruction with use of solid fuels (ORmen=1.00, 95%CI 0.57-1.76; ORwomen=1.00, 95%CI 0.76-1.32). Overall, we found no association of spirometric restriction, chronic cough or chronic phlegm with the use of solid fuels. However, we found that chronic phlegm was more likely to be reported among female never smokers and those who had been exposed for ≥20 years.Conclusion: Airflow obstruction assessed from post-bronchodilator spirometry was not associated with use of solid fuels for cooking or heating. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. LINE-1 methylation in granulocyte DNA and trihalomethane exposure is associated with bladder cancer risk
- Author
-
Salas, Lucas A, primary, Villanueva, Cristina M, additional, Tajuddin, Salman M, additional, Amaral, André F S, additional, Fernandez, Agustín F, additional, Moore, Lee E, additional, Carrato, Alfredo, additional, Tardón, Adonina, additional, Serra, Consol, additional, García-Closas, Reina, additional, Basagaña, Xavier, additional, Rothman, Nathaniel, additional, Silverman, Debra T, additional, Cantor, Kenneth P, additional, Kogevinas, Manolis, additional, Real, Francisco X, additional, Fraga, Mario F, additional, and Malats, Núria, additional
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Interaction between gas cooking andGSTM1null genotype in bronchial responsiveness: results from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey
- Author
-
Amaral, André F S, primary, Ramasamy, Adaikalavan, additional, Castro-Giner, Francesc, additional, Minelli, Cosetta, additional, Accordini, Simone, additional, Sørheim, Inga-Cecilie, additional, Pin, Isabelle, additional, Kogevinas, Manolis, additional, Jõgi, Rain, additional, Balding, David J, additional, Norbäck, Dan, additional, Verlato, Giuseppe, additional, Olivieri, Mario, additional, Probst-Hensch, Nicole, additional, Janson, Christer, additional, Zock, Jan-Paul, additional, Heinrich, Joachim, additional, and Jarvis, Deborah L, additional
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Pesticides and Asthma: Challenges for Epidemiology
- Author
-
Amaral, André F. S., primary
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. LINE-1 methylation, lifetime trihalomethane exposure from drinking water and bladder cancer risk
- Author
-
Salas, Lucas A., primary, Villanueva, Cristina M., additional, Tajuddin, Salman M., additional, Amaral, André F. S., additional, Fernandez, Agustín F., additional, Rothman, Nathaniel, additional, Silverman, Debra T., additional, Cantor, Kenneth P., additional, Kogevinas, Manolis, additional, Fraga, Mario F., additional, and Malats, Núria, additional
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Association of Forced Vital Capacity with the Developmental Gene NCOR2.
- Author
-
Minelli, Cosetta, Dean, Charlotte H., Hind, Matthew, Alves, Alexessander Couto, Amaral, André F. S., Siroux, Valerie, Huikari, Ville, Soler Artigas, María, Evans, David M., Loth, Daan W., Bossé, Yohan, Postma, Dirkje S., Sin, Don, Thompson, John, Demenais, Florence, Henderson, John, null, null, Bouzigon, Emmanuelle, Jarvis, Deborah, and Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta
- Subjects
VITAL capacity (Respiration) ,DEVELOPMENTAL genetics ,EPIDEMIOLOGY ,MORTALITY ,LUNG development ,MORPHOGENESIS ,DEVELOPMENTAL biology ,COMPUTATIONAL biology - Abstract
Background: Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) is an important predictor of all-cause mortality in the absence of chronic respiratory conditions. Epidemiological evidence highlights the role of early life factors on adult FVC, pointing to environmental exposures and genes affecting lung development as risk factors for low FVC later in life. Although highly heritable, a small number of genes have been found associated with FVC, and we aimed at identifying further genetic variants by focusing on lung development genes. Methods: Per-allele effects of 24,728 SNPs in 403 genes involved in lung development were tested in 7,749 adults from three studies (NFBC1966, ECRHS, EGEA). The most significant SNP for the top 25 genes was followed-up in 46,103 adults (CHARGE and SpiroMeta consortia) and 5,062 children (ALSPAC). Associations were considered replicated if the replication p-value survived Bonferroni correction (p<0.002; 0.05/25), with a nominal p-value considered as suggestive evidence. For SNPs with evidence of replication, effects on the expression levels of nearby genes in lung tissue were tested in 1,111 lung samples (Lung eQTL consortium), with further functional investigation performed using public epigenomic profiling data (ENCODE). Results: NCOR2-rs12708369 showed strong replication in children (p = 0.0002), with replication unavailable in adults due to low imputation quality. This intronic variant is in a strong transcriptional enhancer element in lung fibroblasts, but its eQTL effects could not be tested due to low imputation quality in the eQTL dataset. SERPINE2-rs6754561 replicated at nominal level in both adults (p = 0.036) and children (p = 0.045), while WNT16-rs2707469 replicated at nominal level only in adults (p = 0.026). The eQTL analyses showed association of WNT16-rs2707469 with expression levels of the nearby gene CPED1. We found no statistically significant eQTL effects for SERPINE2-rs6754561. Conclusions: We have identified a new gene, NCOR2, in the retinoic acid signalling pathway pointing to a role of vitamin A metabolism in the regulation of FVC. Our findings also support SERPINE2, a COPD gene with weak previous evidence of association with FVC, and suggest WNT16 as a further promising candidate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Pancreatic cancer risk and levels of trace elements
- Author
-
Amaral, André F S, primary, Porta, Miquel, additional, Silverman, Debra T, additional, Milne, Roger L, additional, Kogevinas, Manolis, additional, Rothman, Nathaniel, additional, Cantor, Kenneth P, additional, Jackson, Brian P, additional, Pumarega, José A, additional, López, Tomàs, additional, Carrato, Alfredo, additional, Guarner, Luisa, additional, Real, Francisco X, additional, and Malats, Núria, additional
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Genetic and Non-genetic Predictors of LINE-1 Methylation in Leukocyte DNA.
- Author
-
Tajuddin, Salman M., Amaral, André F. S., Fernández, Agustín F., Rodríguez-Rodero, Sandra, Rodríguez, Ramón María, Moore, Lee E., Tardón, Adonina, Carrato, Alfredo, García-Closas, Montserrat, Silverman, Debra T., Jackson, Brian P., García-Closas, Reina, Cook, Ashley L., Cantor, Kenneth P., Chanock, Stephen, Kogevinas, Manolis, Rothman, Nathaniel, Real, Francisco X., Fraga, Mario F., and Malats, Núria
- Subjects
- *
TRACE element analysis , *DNA metabolism , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *FISHER exact test , *GENETIC polymorphisms , *INTERVIEWING , *LEUCOCYTES , *MASS spectrometry , *METHYLATION , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *REGRESSION analysis , *RESEARCH funding , *SEX distribution , *SMOKING , *STATISTICS , *DATA analysis , *SECONDARY analysis , *DATA analysis software , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Background: Altered DNA methylation has been associated with various diseases. Objective: We evaluated the association between levels of methylation in leukocyte DNA at long interspersed nuclear element 1 (LINE-1) and genetic and non-genetic characteristics of 892 control participants from the Spanish Bladder Cancer/EPICURO study. Methods: We determined LINE-1 methylation levels by pyrosequencing. Individual data included demographics, smoking status, nutrient intake, toenail concentrations of 12 trace elements, xenobiotic metabolism gene variants, and 515 polymorphisms among 24 genes in the one-carbon metabolism pathway. To assess the association between LINE-1 methylation levels (percentage of methylated cytosines) and potential determinants, we estimated beta coefficients (βs) by robust linear regression. Results: Women had lower levels of LINE-1 methylation than men (β = -0.7, p = 0.02). Persons who smoked blond tobacco showed lower methylation than nonsmokers (β = -0.7, p = 0.03). Arsenic toenail concentration was inversely associated with LINE-1 methylation (β = -3.6, p = 0.003). By contrast, iron (β = 0.002, p = 0.009) and nickel (β = 0.02, p = 0.004) were positively associated with LINE-1 methylation. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in DNMT3A (rs7581217- per allele, β = 0.3, p = 0.002), TCN2 (rs9606756-GG, β = 1.9, p = 0.008; rs4820887-AA, β = 4.0, p = 4.8 × 10-7; rs9621049-TT, β = 4.2, p = 4.7 × 10-9), AS3MT (rs7085104-GG, β = 0.7, p = 0.001), SLC19A1 (rs914238, TC vs. TT: β = 0.5 and CC vs. TT: β = -0.3, global p = 0.0007) and MTHFS (rs1380642, CT vs. CC: β = 0.3 and TT vs. CC; β = -0.8, global p = 0.05) were associated with LINE-1 methylation. Conclusions: We identified several characteristics, environmental factors, and common genetic variants that predicted DNA methylation among study participants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 and Bladder Cancer Risk According toTumor Stage and FGFR3 Status: A Mechanism-Based Epidemiological Study.
- Author
-
Amaral, André F. S., Méndez-Pertuz, Marinela, Muñoz, Alberto, Silverman, Debra T., Allory, Yves, Kogevinas, Manolis, Lloreta, Josep, Rothman, Nathaniel, Carrato, Alfredo, del Fresno, Manuel Rivas, Real, Francisco X., and Malats, Núria
- Subjects
- *
VITAMIN D in the body , *BLADDER cancer risk factors , *TUMORS , *CHEMILUMINESCENCE immunoassay , *CELL proliferation - Abstract
Background Previous evidence suggests that 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3 ] protects against several cancers. However, little is known regarding urothelial bladder cancer (UBC). We analyzed the association between plasma 25(OH)D3 and overall risk of UBC, as well as according to stage and FGFR3 molecular subphenotypes. Methods Plasma concentrations of 25(OH)D3 in 1125 cases with UBC and 1028 control subjects were determined by a chemiluminescence immunoassay. FGFR3 mutational status and expression in tumor tissue were assessed. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by logistic regression adjusting for potential confounders. Analyses were further stratified by tumor invasiveness and grade, FGFR3 expression, and smoking status. Cell proliferation was measured in human UBC cell lines cultured with 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Results A statistically significantly increased risk of UBC was observed among subjects presenting the lowest concentrations of 25(OH)D3 (ORadj 1.83; 95% CI = 1.19 to 2.82; P= .006), showing a dose-response effect (Ptrend = .004).The association was stronger for patients with muscle-invasive tumors, especially among Iow-FGFR3 expressers (ORadj = 5.94; 95% CI = 1.72 to 20.45; P= .005).The biological plausibility of these associations is supported by the fact that, in vitro, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 upregulates FGFR3 expression in UBC cell lines with low levels of wild-type FGFR3. Conclusion These findings support a role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of UBC and show that 25(OH)D3 levels are associated with FGFR3 expression in the tumor. Because FGFR3 mutation and overexpression are markers of better outcome, our findings suggest that individuals with low levels of plasma 25(OH)D3may be at high risk of more aggressive forms of UBC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) and bladder cancer risk according to tumor stage and FGFR3 status: a mechanism-based epidemiological study.
- Author
-
Amaral AF, Méndez-Pertuz M, Muñoz A, Silverman DT, Allory Y, Kogevinas M, Lloreta J, Rothman N, Carrato A, Rivas Del Fresno M, Real FX, Malats N, Amaral, André F S, Méndez-Pertuz, Marinela, Muñoz, Alberto, Silverman, Debra T, Allory, Yves, Kogevinas, Manolis, Lloreta, Josep, and Rothman, Nathaniel
- Abstract
Background: Previous evidence suggests that 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) [25(OH)D(3)] protects against several cancers. However, little is known regarding urothelial bladder cancer (UBC). We analyzed the association between plasma 25(OH)D(3) and overall risk of UBC, as well as according to stage and FGFR3 molecular subphenotypes.Methods: Plasma concentrations of 25(OH)D(3) in 1125 cases with UBC and 1028 control subjects were determined by a chemiluminescence immunoassay. FGFR3 mutational status and expression in tumor tissue were assessed. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by logistic regression adjusting for potential confounders. Analyses were further stratified by tumor invasiveness and grade, FGFR3 expression, and smoking status. Cell proliferation was measured in human UBC cell lines cultured with 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3).Results: A statistically significantly increased risk of UBC was observed among subjects presenting the lowest concentrations of 25(OH)D(3) (OR(adj) = 1.83; 95% CI = 1.19 to 2.82; P = .006), showing a dose-response effect (P (trend) = .004). The association was stronger for patients with muscle-invasive tumors, especially among low-FGFR3 expressers (OR(adj) = 5.94; 95% CI = 1.72 to 20.45; P = .005). The biological plausibility of these associations is supported by the fact that, in vitro, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) upregulates FGFR3 expression in UBC cell lines with low levels of wild-type FGFR3.Conclusion: These findings support a role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of UBC and show that 25(OH)D(3) levels are associated with FGFR3 expression in the tumor. Because FGFR3 mutation and overexpression are markers of better outcome, our findings suggest that individuals with low levels of plasma 25(OH)D(3) may be at high risk of more aggressive forms of UBC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Bladder Cancer and Patient Prognosis: Results from a Large Clinical Cohort and Meta-Analysis.
- Author
-
Czachorowski, Maciej J., Amaral, André F. S., Montes-Moreno, Santiago, Lloreta, Josep, Carrato, Alfredo, Tardón, Adonina, Morente, Manuel M., Kogevinas, Manolis, Real, Francisco X., Malats, Núria, and Xiaolin Zi
- Subjects
- *
CYCLOOXYGENASE 2 , *TRANSITIONAL cell carcinoma , *BLADDER cancer , *PROGNOSIS , *COHORT analysis , *META-analysis - Abstract
Aberrant overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) is observed in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB). Studies evaluating COX2 as a prognostic marker in UCB report contradictory results. We determined the prognostic potential of COX2 expression in UCB and quantitatively summarize the results with those of the literature through a meta-analysis. Newly diagnosed UCB patients recruited between 1998-2001 in 18 Spanish hospitals were prospectively included in the study and followed-up (median, 70.7 months). Diagnostic slides were reviewed and uniformly classified by expert pathologists. Clinical data was retrieved from hospital charts. Tissue microarrays containing non-muscle invasive (n = 557) and muscle invasive (n = 216) tumours were analyzed by immunohistochemistry using quantitative image analysis. Expression was evaluated in Cox regression models to assess the risk of recurrence, progression and disease-specific mortality. Meta-hazard ratios were estimated using our results and those from 11 additional evaluable studies. COX2 expression was observed in 38% (211/557) of non-muscle invasive and 63% (137/216) of muscle invasive tumors. Expression was associated with advanced pathological stage and grade (p<0.0001). In the univariable analyses, COX2 expression - as a categorical variable - was not associated with any of the outcomes analyzed. As a continuous variable, a weak association with recurrence in non-muscle invasive tumors was observed (p-value = 0.048). In the multivariable analyses, COX2 expression did not independently predict any of the considered outcomes. The meta-analysis confirmed these results. We did not find evidence that COX2 expression is an independent prognostic marker of recurrence, progression or survival in patients with UCB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Selenium and Bladder Cancer Risk: a Meta-analysis.
- Author
-
Amaral, André F. S., Cantor, Kenneth P., Silverman, Debra T., and Malats, Núria
- Abstract
The article discusses the results of a meta-analysis on the correlation between selenium levels in serum and toenails, and bladder cancer risk based on seven epidemiologic studies in the U.S. and Northern Europe published before March 2010. Two of the seven studies demonstrated a significant decrease in bladder cancer risk among individuals with higher selenium levels. There was an inverse association found between toenail selenium levels and bladder cancer risk among moderate smoking women with p53-positive cancers in two case-control studies.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. DNA Methylation in Inflammatory Pathways Modifies the Association between BMI and Adult-Onset Non-Atopic Asthma.
- Author
-
Jeong, Ayoung, Imboden, Medea, Ghantous, Akram, Novoloaca, Alexei, Carsin, Anne-Elie, Kogevinas, Manolis, Schindler, Christian, Lovison, Gianfranco, Herceg, Zdenko, Cuenin, Cyrille, Vermeulen, Roel, Jarvis, Deborah, Amaral, André F. S., Kronenberg, Florian, Vineis, Paolo, and Probst-Hensch, Nicole
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Role of DNA methylation in the association of lung function with body mass index: a two-step epigenetic Mendelian randomisation study
- Author
-
Amaral, André F. S., Imboden, Medea, Wielscher, Matthias, Rezwan, Faisal I., Minelli, Cosetta, Garcia-Aymerich, Judith, Peralta, Gabriela P., Auvinen, Juha, Jeong, Ayoung, Schaffner, Emmanuel, Beckmeyer-Borowko, Anna, Holloway, John W., Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Probst-Hensch, Nicole M., Jarvis, Deborah L., and Alec consortium
- Subjects
3. Good health
40. Epigenome-wide association study of lung function level and its change
- Author
-
Imboden, Medea, Wielscher, Matthias, Rezwan, Faisal I., Amaral, André F. S., Schaffner, Emmanuel, Jeong, Ayoung, Beckmeyer-Borowko, Anna, Harris, Sarah E., Starr, John M., Deary, Ian J., Flexeder, Claudia, Waldenberger, Melanie, Peters, Annette, Schulz, Holger, Chen, Su, Sunny, Shadia Khan, Karmaus, Wilfried J. J., Jiang, Yu, Erhart, Gertraud, Kronenberg, Florian, Arathimos, Ryan, Sharp, Gemma C., Henderson, Alexander John, Fu, Yu, Piirilä, Päivi, Pietiläinen, Kirsi H., Ollikainen, Miina, Johansson, Asa, Gyllensten, Ulf, de Vries, Maaike, van der Plaat, Diana A., de Jong, Kim, Boezen, H. Marike, Hall, Ian P., Tobin, Martin D., Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Holloway, John W., Jarvis, Deborah, and Probst-Hensch, Nicole M.
- Subjects
3. Good health
41. DNA methylation in inflammatory pathways modifies the association between BMI and adult-onset non-atopic asthma
- Author
-
Jeong, Ayoung, Imboden, Medea, Ghantous, Akram, Novoloaca, Alexei, Carsin, Anne-Elie, Kogevinas, Manolis, Schindler, Christian, Lovison, Gianfranco, Herceg, Zdenko, Cuenin, Cyrille, Vermeulen, Roel, Jarvis, Deborah, Amaral, André F. S., Kronenberg, Florian, Vineis, Paolo, and Probst-Hensch, Nicole
- Subjects
3. Good health
42. Additional file 1 of Role of DNA methylation in the association of lung function with body mass index: a two-step epigenetic Mendelian randomisation study
- Author
-
Amaral, André F. S., Imboden, Medea, Wielscher, Matthias, Rezwan, Faisal I., Minelli, Cosetta, Garcia-Aymerich, Judith, Peralta, Gabriela P., Auvinen, Juha, Ayoung Jeong, Schaffner, Emmanuel, Beckmeyer-Borowko, Anna, Holloway, John W., Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Probst-Hensch, Nicole M., and Jarvis, Deborah L.
- Subjects
2. Zero hunger ,ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING ,ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION ,Data_FILES ,ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS - Abstract
Additional file 1. Supplementary File 1.
43. Changes in IgE sensitization and total IgE levels over 20 years of follow-up
- Author
-
Amaral, André F. S., Newson, Roger B., Abramson, Michael J., Antó, Josep M., Bono, Roberto, Corsico, Angelo G., de Marco, Roberto, Demoly, Pascal, Forsberg, Bertil, Gislason, Thorarinn, Heinrich, Joachim, Huerta, Ismael, Janson, Christer, Jõgi, Rain, Kim, Jeong-Lim, Maldonado, José, Martinez-Moratalla Rovira, Jesús, Neukirch, Catherine, Nowak, Dennis, Pin, Isabelle, Probst-Hensch, Nicole, Raherison-Semjen, Chantal, Svanes, Cecilie, Urrutia Landa, Isabel, van Ree, Ronald, Versteeg, Serge A., Weyler, Joost, Zock, Jan-Paul, Burney, Peter G. J., and Jarvis, Deborah L.
- Subjects
3. Good health
44. Additional file 1 of Role of DNA methylation in the association of lung function with body mass index: a two-step epigenetic Mendelian randomisation study
- Author
-
Amaral, André F. S., Imboden, Medea, Wielscher, Matthias, Rezwan, Faisal I., Minelli, Cosetta, Garcia-Aymerich, Judith, Peralta, Gabriela P., Auvinen, Juha, Ayoung Jeong, Schaffner, Emmanuel, Beckmeyer-Borowko, Anna, Holloway, John W., Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Probst-Hensch, Nicole M., and Jarvis, Deborah L.
- Subjects
2. Zero hunger ,ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING ,ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION ,Data_FILES ,ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS - Abstract
Additional file 1. Supplementary File 1.
45. Prevalence and Population Attributable Risk for Chronic Airflow Obstruction in a Large Multinational Study
- Author
-
Burney, Peter, Patel, Jaymini, Minelli, Cosetta, Gnatiuc, Louisa, Amaral, André F. S., Kocabaş, Ali, Cherkaski, Hamid Hacene, Gulsvik, Amund, Nielsen, Rune, Bateman, Eric, Jithoo, Anamika, Mortimer, Kevin, Sooronbaev, Talant M., Lawin, Hervé, Nejjari, Chakib, Elbiaze, Mohammed, El Rhazi, Karima, Zheng, Jin-Ping, Ran, Pixin, Welte, Tobias, Obaseki, Daniel, Erhabor, Gregory, Elsony, Asma, Osman, Nada Bakri, Ahmed, Rana, Nizankowska-Mogilnicka, Ewa, Mejza, Filip, Mannino, David M, Bárbara, Cristina, Wouters, Emiel F.M., Idolor, Luisito F., Loh, Li-Cher, Rashid, Abdul, Juvekar, Sanjay, Gislason, Thorarinn, Al Ghobain, Mohamed, Studnicka, Michael, Harrabi, Imed, Denguezli, Meriam, Koul, Parvaiz A, Jenkins, Christine, Marks, Guy, Jõgi, Rain, Hafizi, Hasan, Janson, Christer, Tan, Wan C, Aquart-Stewart, Althea, Mbatchou, Bertrand, Nafees, Asaad, Gunasekera, Kirthi, Seemungal, Terry, Padukudru Anand, Mahesh, Enright, Paul, Vollmer, William M., Blangiardo, Marta, Elfadaly, Fadlalla G., Buist, A. Sonia, Burney, Peter, Patel, Jaymini, Minelli, Cosetta, Gnatiuc, Louisa, Amaral, André F. S., Kocabaş, Ali, Cherkaski, Hamid Hacene, Gulsvik, Amund, Nielsen, Rune, Bateman, Eric, Jithoo, Anamika, Mortimer, Kevin, Sooronbaev, Talant M., Lawin, Hervé, Nejjari, Chakib, Elbiaze, Mohammed, El Rhazi, Karima, Zheng, Jin-Ping, Ran, Pixin, Welte, Tobias, Obaseki, Daniel, Erhabor, Gregory, Elsony, Asma, Osman, Nada Bakri, Ahmed, Rana, Nizankowska-Mogilnicka, Ewa, Mejza, Filip, Mannino, David M, Bárbara, Cristina, Wouters, Emiel F.M., Idolor, Luisito F., Loh, Li-Cher, Rashid, Abdul, Juvekar, Sanjay, Gislason, Thorarinn, Al Ghobain, Mohamed, Studnicka, Michael, Harrabi, Imed, Denguezli, Meriam, Koul, Parvaiz A, Jenkins, Christine, Marks, Guy, Jõgi, Rain, Hafizi, Hasan, Janson, Christer, Tan, Wan C, Aquart-Stewart, Althea, Mbatchou, Bertrand, Nafees, Asaad, Gunasekera, Kirthi, Seemungal, Terry, Padukudru Anand, Mahesh, Enright, Paul, Vollmer, William M., Blangiardo, Marta, Elfadaly, Fadlalla G., and Buist, A. Sonia
- Abstract
Rationale: The Global Burden of Disease programme identified smoking, and ambient and household air pollution as the main drivers of death and disability from Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Objective: To estimate the attributable risk of chronic airflow obstruction (CAO), a quantifiable characteristic of COPD, due to several risk factors. Methods: The Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study is a cross-sectional study of adults, aged≥40, in a globally distributed sample of 41 urban and rural sites. Based on data from 28,459 participants, we estimated the prevalence of CAO, defined as a post-bronchodilator one-second forced expiratory volume to forced vital capacity ratio < lower limit of normal, and the relative risks associated with different risk factors. Local RR were estimated using a Bayesian hierarchical model borrowing information from across sites. From these RR and the prevalence of risk factors, we estimated local Population Attributable Risks (PAR). Measurements and Main Results: Mean prevalence of CAO was 11.2% in men and 8.6% in women. Mean PAR for smoking was 5.1% in men and 2.2% in women. The next most influential risk factors were poor education levels, working in a dusty job for ≥10 years, low body mass index (BMI), and a history of tuberculosis. The risk of CAO attributable to the different risk factors varied across sites. Conclusions: While smoking remains the most important risk factor for CAO, in some areas poor education, low BMI and passive smoking are of greater importance. Dusty occupations and tuberculosis are important risk factors at some sites.
46. Prevalence and Population Attributable Risk for Chronic Airflow Obstruction in a Large Multinational Study
- Author
-
Burney, Peter, Patel, Jaymini, Minelli, Cosetta, Gnatiuc, Louisa, Amaral, André F. S., Kocabaş, Ali, Cherkaski, Hamid Hacene, Gulsvik, Amund, Nielsen, Rune, Bateman, Eric, Jithoo, Anamika, Mortimer, Kevin, Sooronbaev, Talant M., Lawin, Hervé, Nejjari, Chakib, Elbiaze, Mohammed, El Rhazi, Karima, Zheng, Jin-Ping, Ran, Pixin, Welte, Tobias, Obaseki, Daniel, Erhabor, Gregory, Elsony, Asma, Osman, Nada Bakri, Ahmed, Rana, Nizankowska-Mogilnicka, Ewa, Mejza, Filip, Mannino, David M, Bárbara, Cristina, Wouters, Emiel F.M., Idolor, Luisito F., Loh, Li-Cher, Rashid, Abdul, Juvekar, Sanjay, Gislason, Thorarinn, Al Ghobain, Mohamed, Studnicka, Michael, Harrabi, Imed, Denguezli, Meriam, Koul, Parvaiz A, Jenkins, Christine, Marks, Guy, Jõgi, Rain, Hafizi, Hasan, Janson, Christer, Tan, Wan C, Aquart-Stewart, Althea, Mbatchou, Bertrand, Nafees, Asaad, Gunasekera, Kirthi, Seemungal, Terry, Padukudru Anand, Mahesh, Enright, Paul, Vollmer, William M., Blangiardo, Marta, Elfadaly, Fadlalla G., Buist, A. Sonia, Burney, Peter, Patel, Jaymini, Minelli, Cosetta, Gnatiuc, Louisa, Amaral, André F. S., Kocabaş, Ali, Cherkaski, Hamid Hacene, Gulsvik, Amund, Nielsen, Rune, Bateman, Eric, Jithoo, Anamika, Mortimer, Kevin, Sooronbaev, Talant M., Lawin, Hervé, Nejjari, Chakib, Elbiaze, Mohammed, El Rhazi, Karima, Zheng, Jin-Ping, Ran, Pixin, Welte, Tobias, Obaseki, Daniel, Erhabor, Gregory, Elsony, Asma, Osman, Nada Bakri, Ahmed, Rana, Nizankowska-Mogilnicka, Ewa, Mejza, Filip, Mannino, David M, Bárbara, Cristina, Wouters, Emiel F.M., Idolor, Luisito F., Loh, Li-Cher, Rashid, Abdul, Juvekar, Sanjay, Gislason, Thorarinn, Al Ghobain, Mohamed, Studnicka, Michael, Harrabi, Imed, Denguezli, Meriam, Koul, Parvaiz A, Jenkins, Christine, Marks, Guy, Jõgi, Rain, Hafizi, Hasan, Janson, Christer, Tan, Wan C, Aquart-Stewart, Althea, Mbatchou, Bertrand, Nafees, Asaad, Gunasekera, Kirthi, Seemungal, Terry, Padukudru Anand, Mahesh, Enright, Paul, Vollmer, William M., Blangiardo, Marta, Elfadaly, Fadlalla G., and Buist, A. Sonia
- Abstract
Rationale: The Global Burden of Disease programme identified smoking, and ambient and household air pollution as the main drivers of death and disability from Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Objective: To estimate the attributable risk of chronic airflow obstruction (CAO), a quantifiable characteristic of COPD, due to several risk factors. Methods: The Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study is a cross-sectional study of adults, aged≥40, in a globally distributed sample of 41 urban and rural sites. Based on data from 28,459 participants, we estimated the prevalence of CAO, defined as a post-bronchodilator one-second forced expiratory volume to forced vital capacity ratio < lower limit of normal, and the relative risks associated with different risk factors. Local RR were estimated using a Bayesian hierarchical model borrowing information from across sites. From these RR and the prevalence of risk factors, we estimated local Population Attributable Risks (PAR). Measurements and Main Results: Mean prevalence of CAO was 11.2% in men and 8.6% in women. Mean PAR for smoking was 5.1% in men and 2.2% in women. The next most influential risk factors were poor education levels, working in a dusty job for ≥10 years, low body mass index (BMI), and a history of tuberculosis. The risk of CAO attributable to the different risk factors varied across sites. Conclusions: While smoking remains the most important risk factor for CAO, in some areas poor education, low BMI and passive smoking are of greater importance. Dusty occupations and tuberculosis are important risk factors at some sites.
47. Occupational exposure to particulate matter and staff sickness absence on the London underground.
- Author
-
Mak J, Feary J, Amaral AFS, Marczylo E, Cullinan P, and Green DC
- Subjects
- Humans, Particulate Matter adverse effects, Particulate Matter analysis, London epidemiology, Environmental Monitoring, Air Pollutants analysis, Occupational Exposure adverse effects
- Abstract
The London Underground (LU) employs over 19,000 staff, some of whom are exposed to elevated concentrations of particulate matter (PM) within the network. This study quantified the occupational exposure of LU staff to subway PM and investigated the possible association with sickness absence (SA). A job exposure matrix to quantify subway PM
2.5 staff exposure was developed by undertaking measurement campaigns across the LU network. The association between exposure and SA was evaluated using zero-inflated mixed-effects negative binomial models. Staff PM2.5 exposure varied by job grade and tasks undertaken. Drivers had the highest exposure over a work shift (mean: 261 µg/m3 ), but concentrations varied significantly by LU line and time the train spent subway. Office staff work in office buildings separate to the LU network and are unexposed to occupational subway PM2.5 . They were found to have lower rates of all-cause and respiratory infection SA compared to non-office staff, those who work across the LU network and are occupational exposed to subway PM2.5 . Train drivers on five out of eight lines showed higher rates of all-cause SA, but no dose-response relationship was seen. Only drivers from one line showed higher rates of SAs from respiratory infections (incidence rate ratio: 1.24, 95% confidence interval 1.10-1.39). Lower-grade customer service (CS) staff showed higher rates of all-cause and respiratory infection SA compared to higher grade CS staff. Doctor-certified chronic respiratory and cardiovascular SAs were associated with occupational PM2.5 exposure in CS staff and drivers. While some groups with higher occupational exposure to subway PM reported higher rates of SA, no evidence suggests that subway PM is the main contributing factor to SA. This is the largest subway study on health effects of occupational PM2.5 exposure and may have wider implications for subway workers, contributing to safer working environments., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: The authors declare no competing financial interests that could have influenced the work reported in this paper. The funder had no role in the design of the study, the analysis and interpretation of data, and the decision to publish the results., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Influence of KRAS mutations, persistent organic pollutants, and trace elements on survival from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
- Author
-
Porta M, Pumarega J, Amaral AFS, Genkinger JM, Camargo J, Mucci L, Alguacil J, Gasull M, Zhang X, Morales E, Iglesias M, Ogino S, and Engel LS
- Subjects
- Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Humans, Mutation, Persistent Organic Pollutants, Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) genetics, Spain, Adenocarcinoma genetics, Pancreatic Neoplasms genetics, Trace Elements
- Abstract
Introduction: Reasons why pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) continues to have poor survival are only partly known. No previous studies have analyzed the combined influence of KRAS mutations, persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and trace elements upon survival in PDAC or in any other human cancer., Objective: To analyze the individual and combined influence of KRAS mutations, POPs, and trace elements upon survival from PDAC., Methods: Incident cases of PDAC (n = 185) were prospectively identified in five hospitals in Eastern Spain in 1992-1995 and interviewed face-to-face during hospital admission. KRAS mutational status was determined from tumour tissue through polymerase chain reaction and artificial restriction fragment length polymorphism. Blood and toenail samples were obtained before treatment. Serum concentrations of POPs were analyzed by high-resolution gas chromatography with electron-capture detection. Concentrations of 12 trace elements were determined in toenail samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was used to assess prognostic associations., Results: Patients with a KRAS mutated tumor had a 70% higher risk of early death than patients with a KRAS wild-type PDAC (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.7, p = 0.026), adjusting for age, sex, and tumor stage. KRAS mutational status was only modestly and not statistically significantly associated with survival when further adjusting by treatment or by treatment intention. The beneficial effects of treatment remained unaltered when KRAS mutational status was taken into account, and treatment did not appear to be less effective in the subgroup of patients with a KRAS mutated tumor. POPs did not materially influence survival: the adjusted HR of the highest POP tertiles was near unity for all POPs. When considering the joint effect on survival of POPs and KRAS, patients with KRAS mutated tumors had modest and nonsignificant HRs (most HRs around 1.3 to 1.4). Higher concentrations of lead, cadmium, arsenic, vanadium, and aluminium were associated with better survival. When KRAS status, POPs, and trace elements were simultaneously considered along with treatment, only the latter was statistically significantly related to survival., Conclusions: In this study based on molecular, clinical, and environmental epidemiology, KRAS mutational status, POPs, and trace elements were not adversely related to PDAC survival when treatment was simultaneously considered; only treatment was independently related to survival. The lack of adverse prognostic effects of POPs and metals measured at the time of diagnosis provide scientific and clinical reassurance on the effects of such exposures upon survival of patients with PDAC. The weak association with KRAS mutations contributes to the scant knowledge on the clinical implications of a genetic alteration highly frequent in PDAC., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. ERS International Congress, Madrid, 2019: highlights from the Epidemiology and Environment Assembly.
- Author
-
Jankowski M and Amaral AFS
- Abstract
At the European Respiratory Society's International Congress of 2019, which was held in Madrid, Spain, there were several sessions with exciting poster and oral presentations within the fields of epidemiology and tobacco control. This article is the summary of two of these sessions. One was on the use of Big Data in epidemiology and the other, on the global burden of respiratory disease and tobacco., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest: M. Jankowski has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: A.F.S. Amaral works in the same group as two of the speakers (D. Jarvis and P. Burney) whose talks are commented on., (Copyright ©ERS 2020.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Age at menopause and lung function: a Mendelian randomisation study.
- Author
-
van der Plaat DA, Pereira M, Pesce G, Potts JF, Amaral AFS, Dharmage SC, Garcia-Aymerich JM, Thompson JR, Gómez Real F, Jarvis DL, Minelli C, and Leynaert B
- Subjects
- Aged, Female, Forced Expiratory Volume, Humans, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, Menopause genetics, Middle Aged, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Protective Factors, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive epidemiology, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive physiopathology, Vital Capacity, Lung physiopathology, Menopause, Premature genetics
- Abstract
In observational studies, early menopause is associated with lower forced vital capacity (FVC) and a higher risk of spirometric restriction, but not airflow obstruction. It is, however, unclear if this association is causal. We therefore used a Mendelian randomisation (MR) approach, which is not affected by classical confounding, to assess the effect of age at natural menopause on lung function.We included 94 742 naturally post-menopausal women from the UK Biobank and performed MR analyses on the effect of age at menopause on forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV
1 ), FVC, FEV1 /FVC, spirometric restriction (FVC1 /FVC 1 /FVC and a 15% lower risk of airflow obstruction for women with early (<45 years) compared to normal (45-55 years) menopause. Despite some evidence of pleiotropy, the results were consistent when using MR methods robust to pleiotropy. Similar results were found among never- and ever-smokers, while the protective effect seemed less strong in women who had ever used menopause hormone treatment and in overweight women. There was no strong evidence of an association with FVC or spirometric restriction. In observational analyses of the same dataset, early menopause was associated with a pronounced reduction in FVC and a 13% higher risk of spirometric restriction.Our MR results suggest that early menopause has a protective effect on airflow obstruction. Further studies are warranted to better understand the inconsistency with observational findings, and to investigate the underlying mechanisms and role of female sex hormones., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest: D.A. van der Plaat has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: M. Pereira has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: G. Pesce has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: J.F. Potts has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: A.F.S. Amaral has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: S.C. Dharmage has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: J.M. Garcia-Aymerich has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: J.R. Thompson has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: F. Gómez Real has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: D.L. Jarvis reports grants from European Union, during the conduct of the study. Conflict of interest: C. Minelli has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: B. Leynaert has nothing to disclose., (Copyright ©ERS 2019.) - Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.