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Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T01:30:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-01-01 Background: Recognising pain in donkeys is challenging because they are stoic. Objectives: To identify the responses of donkeys before and after surgical pain. Study design: Prospective, short-term longitudinal pre- and post-intervention observations. Methods: Forty adult donkeys underwent surgical castration after sedation with intravenous (IV) xylazine, induction with guaiphenesin/thiopental IV and maintenance of anaesthesia with isoflurane and local anaesthetic blockade. Four hours after recovery from anaesthesia, flunixin meglumine 1.1 mg/kg, dipyrone 10 mg/kg and morphine 0.2 mg/kg IV were administered. Behavioural responses exhibited by the animals housed in individual stalls were recorded in four 30-min videos: before castration (M0), and 3.5-4.0 hours (M1), 5.5-6.0 hours (M2) and 23.5-24.0 hours after recovery from anaesthesia (M3). To exclude the influence of insects, the behaviour of six apparently pain-free donkeys was compared with and without the presence of faeces and urine in the stall. Results: When compared with presurgical baseline behaviours (M0), after surgery (M1) donkeys raised their pelvic limbs more (P =.003). When compared with M1, after analgesia (M2), the median frequencies of ear movements (44 vs 16; P

This report describes the radiographic findings in a case of atlantoaxial instability associated with agenesis of the odontoid process of the axis in an adult dog. Clinically, the patient presented apathy and tetraparesis. A simple radiographic examination of the cervical region was performed, which allowed the disclosure of agenesis of the odontoid process of the axis without articular changes. The atlantoaxial normality index (ANI) was 0.103 mm, indicating instability of the joint. A conservative approach was adopted by means of a cervical collar, movement restriction and anti-inflammatory therapy. We concluded that asymptomatic adult animals can be carriers of this condition, and that the calculation of the ANI was an effective tool to complement the subjective radiographic evaluation of this articulation on this report’s dog. The patient remains stable with the cervical collar.

A anestesia inalatória vem sendo amplamente difundida na medicina veterinária, no entanto seu uso em animais selvagens ainda é restrito, não sendo observado nenhum estudo referente à sua utilização na espécie Tayassu tajacu. O objetivo da pesquisa foi determinar a concentração alveolar mínima (CAM) do isofluorano em catetos e apresentar os efeitos desta administração sobre as variáveis hemodinâmicas e respiratórias, como também a qualidade da recuperação anestésica. Utilizou-se 10 animais, machos, com idade variando de 1 a 3 anos oriundos do Centro de Multiplicação de Animais Silvestres da Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Brasil. Todos os animais tiveram anestesia induzida com 7mg.kg-1 de propofol e posteriormente foram conectados a circuito anestésico com isofluorano e oxigênio 100%. O estímulo noceptivo supramáximo adotado foi pinçamento interdigital, o qual era realizado após 15 minutos de espera para cada concentração de isofluorano fornecida. Ao ser observada resposta negativa frente ao estímulo a concentração era reduzida em 20%, quando verificada resposta positiva o estímulo era cessado, calculando-se a partir daí o valor da CAM. Observou-se dados quantitativos e qualitativos referentes à recuperação. Utilizou-se o teste de normalidade de Shapiro Wilk e de homogeneidade de variânica de Levene, as variáveis avaliadas foram submetidas à One Way ANOVA-RM para medidas repetidas, seguidas por Teste Tukey, sendo os dados expressos em média e desvio padrão. A CAM do isofluorano foi de 2,4%, sendo a CAM cirúrgica igual a 3,5%. Observou-se ação depressiva do isofluorano sobre a pressão arterial, frequência cardíaca e respiratória quando comparada a média dessas variáveis para animais acordados, entretanto durante a manutenção anestésica mantiveram-se estáveis. Observou-se acidose metabólica no período pré-anestésico o qual foi compensado após a realização da anestesia inalatória. A recuperação anestésica foi tranquila e rápida. Concluiu-se que a CAM do isofluorano para catetos foi maior que a observada em espécies afins. O isofluorano pode ser utilizado nesta espécie, sendo considerado seguro e eficaz. A recuperação dos animais após anestesia com isofluorano foi livre de excitação. Inhalation anesthesia has been widespread in veterinary medicine. Nevertheless, its use in wild animals is still limited, having no studies on its use been observed in the species. The objective of the research was to determine the isoflurane minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) in peccaries and present the effects of its administration on the hemodynamic and respiratory variables, as well as data concerning the anesthesia recovery. The study used 10 male animals with age ranging from one to three years, from the Centro de Multiplicação de Animais Silvestres of Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Brazil. All the animals had anesthesia induced with propofol 7mg.kg-¹, were intubated and connected to the anesthetic circuit with isoflurane and 100% oxygen. The supramaximal noxious stimulation used was the interdigital pinch, which was performed after 15 minutes of waiting for each provided isoflurane concentration. When negative response to the stimulus was observed, the concentration was reduced by 20%; when positive response was verified, the stimulus was stopped, being the CAM value calculated from that point. Quantitative and qualitative data regarding recovery were also observed. Shapiro-Wilk test for normality was performed, as well as Levene test for equality of variance; the variables were subjected to One Way RM ANOVA for repeated measures followed by Tukey test, and the data expressed as mean and standard deviation. The MAC of isoflurane was 2.4% and the surgical MAC equal to 3.5%. Depressive action of isoflurane on blood pressure, heart and breathing rates was observed when compared to the average of the variables on awake animals; however, during maintenance of anesthesia, they remained stable. Metabolic acidosis was observed in the pre-anesthetic, which was offset after inhalation anesthesia. Recovery was quiet and smooth. It was concluded that the isoflurane MAC for peccaries was greater than that observed in related species. Isoflurane can be used in this species, being considered safe and effective. The animals' recovery after anesthesia with isoflurane was free from excitement.

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the ketoprofen on the preemptive analgesia in female cats submitted to ovariohysterectomy. Sixteen healthy cats were distributed into two groups, with eight animals each, by means of a draw, in a preemptive group (PREG), in which the animal received ketoprofen (1 mg/kg) subcutaneously two hours before the surgery; and postsurgery group (POSG), in which ketoprofen (1 mg/kg) was administered subcutaneously immediately after surgery. In both groups, ketoprofen was given 24, 48 and 72 hours after the first adminstration. Heart and respiratory frequencies and glycemia were measured in all animals during the days first ten postsurgery. Analgesia was measured by assigning scores at zero, two, four, six, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, 168, 192, 216 and 240 hours after the surgical procedure. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's test to compare the moments and Student's t-test for comparison between groups. Pain scores were evaluated using test of U-Mann-Withney or Kruskall-Wallis, all at the 5% level of significance. Pain scores were significantly lower in PREG in M0, M6, M72, M96 and M120. No significant difference was found in the levels of glycemia in comparison to baseline values. Ketoprofen promotes postsurgery analgesia in female cats submitted to ovariohysterectomy and preemptive and postsurgery administration provides an earlier reduction of pain scores when compared to postoperative administration, only. RESUMO Objetivou-se investigar o efeito do cetoprofeno na analgesia preemptiva em gatas submetidas à ovário-histerectomia. Foram utilizadas 16 gatas, hígidas, distribuídas em dois grupos, com oito animais cada, por meio de sorteio, em: grupo preemptiva (GPRE), no qual se administrou cetoprofeno (1 mg/kg), por via subcutânea, duas horas antes do início da cirurgia; e grupo pós-operatório (GPOS), em que foi administrado cetoprofeno (1 mg/kg), também por via subcutânea, imediatamente após a cirurgia. Em ambos os grupos, as demais administrações de cetoprofeno foram realizadas 24, 48 e 72 horas após a primeira. Em todos os animais foram mensurados, durante os primeiros dez dias pós-operatórios, as frequências cardíaca e respiratória e a glicemia. A analgesia foi mensurada por meio de atribuição de escores, zero, duas, quatro, seis, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, 168, 192, 216 e 240 horas após o procedimento cirúrgico. Na análise estatística utilizou-se a Análise de Variância de dois fatores seguida pelo teste de Tukey para comparar os momentos e o teste t de Student para comparação entre grupos. Os escores de dor foram avaliados pelo teste U-Mann-Withney ou Kruskall-Wallis, todos ao nível de 5% de significância. Os escores de dor foram significativamente menores no GPRE no M0, M6, M72, M96 e M120. Não houve diferença significativa nos níveis de glicemia em relação aos valores basais. O cetoprofeno promove analgesia pós-operatória em gatas submetidas à ovário-histerectomia e a administração preemptiva e pós-operatória propicia uma redução mais precoce dos escores de dor, quando comparada à administração apenas pós-operatória.