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Background: Magnesium, which is an essential trace element in bone metabolism, has been paid to great attention in recent years due to its osteogenic effect and critical role in bone mineralization process. Objective: Detection of the association between serum Mg concentration and clinical and radio-graphical findings in patients with knee OA and in apparently healthy controls. Subjects and method: A cross-sectional study conducted on 100 female patients with primary knee osteoarthritis (OA) diagnosed according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) clinical and radiological classification criteria for knee OA. In addition, 100 apparently healthy volunteers with no features of OA matched for age and sex worked as control group. All the study populations underwent bilateral weight bearing anteroposterior x-ray of the knee which was assessed according to the Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) grading system. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were used to assess pain severity and functional limitation. Blood samples had been collected for assessing serum Mg concentration by colorimetric method. Results: The mean serum Mg level in the OA group was 1.97 ± 0.17 mg/dl and the mean level of Mg in the control group was 2.09 ± 0.15 mg/dl with high statistically significant difference between the two groups (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Serum Mg concentration may have an inverse relationship with radiographic knee OA. Therefore, high level of Mg could possibly exert a protective role in the control of knee OA and can be used in its management.

Background In order to improve the efficacy of endometrial carcinoma (EC) treatment, identifying prognostic factors for high risk patients is a high research priority. This study aimed to assess the relationships among the expression of estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), Ki-67, and the different histopathological prognostic parameters in EC and to assess the value of these in the management of EC. Methods We examined 109 cases of EC. Immunohistochemistry for ER, PR, HER2, and Ki-67 were evaluated in relation to age, tumor size, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage and grade, depth of infiltration, cervical and ovarian involvement, lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI), and lymph node (LN) metastasis. Results The mean age of patients in this study was 59.8 ± 8.2 years. Low ER and PR expression scores and high Ki-67 expression showed highly significant associations with non-endometrioid histology (p = .007, p < .001, and p < .001, respectively) and poor differentiation (p = .007, p < .001, and p

Background and Aim of the Work : JIA is the commonest rheumatic disease in childhood characterized by inflammatory arthritis lasting more than 6 weeks before the 16 th birthday. In addition to routine ESR and CRP, there are other inflammatory biomarkers as SAA. It is one of the major acute phase reactants which was found to be elevated in inflammatory arthritis and a good indicator of disease activity. This study assessed the value of SAA level in a cohort of patients with JIA. Subjects and Methods : 45 JIA patients and 40 healthy controls were recruited from the outpatient clinic of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department at MUCH. All patients underwent a thorough clinical evaluation. Assessment of JIA patients involved assessment of disease activity, tenderness and functional status. Laboratory tests were done including: CBC, ESR, CRP and SAA. Results : A significant rise in SAA levels was found in JIA patients compared to control group and it was significantly higher in SJIA subtype. SAA level was positively correlated with JADAS-27, VAS, physician global assessment, C-HAQ, Ritchie articular index score, platelet count and ESR in 1 st hour and 2 nd hour. The levels of SAA were significantly lower in JIA patients taking methotrexate while it was significantly higher in cyclosporine treated patients. Conclusion : SAA can be used as additional indicator of JIA disease activity. Moreover, it can help in differentiation between subtypes when combined with clinical features of the disease and it may be considered in assessment of patient, s response to therapy.

The core of search engine is information retrieval technique. Using information retrieval system backs more retrieval results, some of them more relevant than other, and some is not relevant. While using search engine to retrieve information has grown very substantially, there remain problems with the information retrieval systems. The interface of the systems does not help them to perceive the precision of these results. It is therefore not surprising that graphical visualizations have been employed in search engines to assist users. The main objective of Internet users is to find the required information with high efficiency and effectiveness. In this paper we present brief sides of information visualization's role in enhancing web information retrieval system as in some of its techniques such as tree view, title view, map view, bubble view and cloud view and its tools such as highlighting and Colored Query Result.

Introduction Previous reports have found that polymorphisms in the close homologue of L1 (CHL1) gene located on chromosome 3p26 are associated with schizophrenia among different ethnic populations. The aim of this study was to examine the associations of single nucleotides polymorphisms (SNPs) of the CHL1 gene locus, including rs2055314 (C/T), rs2272522 (C/T) and rs331894 (A/G), with schizophrenia in the Qatari population. Methods An association case control study was carried out on 86 Qatari schizophrenic patients from the Psychiatry Hospital, Hammed Medical Corporation, Qatar and 88 Qatari unrelated, healthy, control subjects. Schizophrenia was diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria for schizophrenia by two independent psychiatrists. Genotyping of the SNPs rs2055314 (C/T), rs2272522 (C/T) and rs331894 (A/G) was conducted using the 5′ nuclease assay with the TaqMan MGB probe and an ABI 7500. Results Individuals with the rs2272522 TT genotype had approximately 4.2 times greater risk of schizophrenia compared to individuals with the CC genotype (OR = 4.21; 95% CI: 1.12–15.53; P = 0.047). In addition, individuals carrying a T allele of the rs2272522 SNP had a significantly increased risk of schizophrenia (1.78 times) among the population (P = 0.028). SNPs rs2055314 and rs331894 had no significant association with schizophrenia. Pairwise linkage disequilibrium (LD) between the three polymorphisms was modest in the schizophrenic group. Discussion The rs2272522 polymorphism was found to exhibit a highly significant association with schizophrenia in the Qatari population. This finding supports the hypothesis that cell adhesion molecules may be involved in the etiology of this disease among Qatari patients.

Information retrieval (IR) is the task of representing, storing, organizing, and offering access to information items. The problem for search engines is not only to find topic relevant results, but results consistent with the user’s information need. How to retrieve desired information from the Internet with high efficiency and good effectiveness is become the main concern of internet user-based. The interface of the systems does not help them to perceive the precision of these results. Speed, resources consuming, searching and retrieving process also aren't optimal. The search engine's aim is developing and improving the performance of information retrieval system and gifting the user whatever his culture' level. The proposed system is using information visualization for interface problems, and for improving other side of web IR system's problems, it uses the regional crawler on distributed search environment with conceptual query processing and enhanced vector space information retrieval model (VSM). It is an effective attempt to match renewal user's needs and get a better performance than ordinary system.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and a leading cause of disability in older adults. Conservative non-pharmacological strategies, particularly exercise, are recommended by clinical guidelines for its management. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of acupressure versus isometric exercise on pain, stiffness, and physical function in knee OA female patients. This quasi experimental study was conducted at the inpatient and outpatient sections at Al-kasr Al-Aini hospital, Cairo University. It involved three groups of 30 patients each: isometric exercise, acupressure, and control. Data were collected by an interview form and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis index (WOMAC) scale. The study revealed high initial scores of pain, stiffness, and impaired physical functioning. After the intervention, pain decreased in the two intervention groups compared to the control group (p

Previous reports have found that polymorphisms in the close homologue of L1 (CHL1) gene located on chromosome 3p26 are associated with schizophrenia among different ethnic populations. The aim of this study was to examine the associations of single nucleotides polymorphisms (SNPs) of the CHL1 gene locus, including rs2055314 (C/T), rs2272522 (C/T) and rs331894 (A/G), with schizophrenia in the Qatari population.An association case control study was carried out on 86 Qatari schizophrenic patients from the Psychiatry Hospital, Hammed Medical Corporation, Qatar and 88 Qatari unrelated, healthy, control subjects. Schizophrenia was diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria for schizophrenia by two independent psychiatrists. Genotyping of the SNPs rs2055314 (C/T), rs2272522 (C/T) and rs331894 (A/G) was conducted using the 5' nuclease assay with the TaqMan MGB probe and an ABI 7500.Individuals with the rs2272522 TT genotype had approximately 4.2 times greater risk of schizophrenia compared to individuals with the CC genotype (OR = 4.21; 95% CI: 1.12-15.53; P = 0.047). In addition, individuals carrying a T allele of the rs2272522 SNP had a significantly increased risk of schizophrenia (1.78 times) among the population (P = 0.028). SNPs rs2055314 and rs331894 had no significant association with schizophrenia. Pairwise linkage disequilibrium (LD) between the three polymorphisms was modest in the schizophrenic group.The rs2272522 polymorphism was found to exhibit a highly significant association with schizophrenia in the Qatari population. This finding supports the hypothesis that cell adhesion molecules may be involved in the etiology of this disease among Qatari patients.