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Triatomine insects, native to northeastern Brazil, have been found in the urban peridomicile. The city of Sobral has a high number of tuberculosis cases and several triatomine species. This study investigates the presence of mycobacteria, particularly Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) species, in triatomines captured in the urban perimeter of Sobral.We analyzed 167 triatomines captured in urban households and peridomiciles of Sobral. Mycobacteria were identified by the PRA-hsp65 method followed by partial sequencing of the hsp65 and rpoB genes. The sequences confirmed as MTBC were also typed by mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units-variable number tandem repeats (MIRU-VNTR) and spoligotyping.Triatoma brasiliensis (38.6%), Triatoma pseudomaculata (32.9%), Panstrongylus lutzi (24.3%) were the most frequently identified. In 51.1% (70/167) of them, species of the Mycobacteriaceae family were detected by PRA-hsp65; of these, 31.4% (22/70) were identified as belonging to MTBC species. Nine (12.9%) of the triatomine samples were confirmed by sequencing as belonging to MTBC species. MIRU-VNTR genotyping suggests that the presence of different MTBC sublines in the triatomines should be investigated.This is the first report of MTBC lineages in triatomine insects. These results indicate the migration and adaptation of these insects in an urban setting.

A crise sanitária provocada pela pandemia de Covid-19 evidenciou as desigualdades sociais no âmbito da saúde em geral e realçou a relevância da Vigilância em Saúde em medidas de controle da disseminação de doenças, requerendo a redefinição das estratégias planejadas e a incorporação de novas ações. Este artigo objetiva descrever as ações realizadas pelas Células que compõem a Coordenadoria de Vigilância em Saúde da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Sobral, Ceará, para o enfrentamento da Covid-19. Trata-se de um relato de experiência com a descrição analítica das ações desenvolvidas pelas gerências das Células da Vigilância Epidemiológica, da Unidade de Vigilância de Zoonoses, da Vigilância Sanitária, da Vigilância em Saúde Ambiental, da Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional e do Centro de Referência em Saúde do Trabalhador. As ações descritas conferem maior visibilidade à relevância das várias faces da vigilância em saúde diante da gestão, do setor regulado e da população. Todas as ações e respostas ressignificaram a gestão local, propondo uma articulação de políticas intersetoriais voltadas à melhoria da qualidade de vida das pessoas. Essa vivência mostrou a importância do trabalho colaborativo, indo além do fazer específico de cada Célula, fortalecendo as intra e intersetorialidades, em consonância com a Lei n.º 8.080/90. Conclui-se que essa experiência evidencia a importância do trabalho e fortalecimento da Coordenadoria de Vigilância em Saúde da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Sobral-CE, centrada nas abordagens humana e comunitária.

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the ovarian response of oocyte donor goats which underwent seven repeated ovulation hormonal treatments and laparoscopic ovum pick-up (Experiment 1), and to compare the In vitro production (IVP) of embryos from goats hormonally treated for eighth time to IVP of embryos from females with a single hormonal treatment (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, 12 goats were subjected to 7 repeated hormonal treatments and laparoscopic ovum pick-up (LOPU) every 2–3 weeks, and the following variables were recorded: number and size of punctured follicles, number of recovered cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs), recovery rate and COCs quality. In Experiment 2, IVP of embryos from goats hormonally treated for eighth time (repeated-treated group, RT) was compared with IVP of embryos from 10 other goats with only one hormonal treatment (single-treated group, ST). In this step, in addition to variables observed in Experiment 1, cleavage, blastocyst rates at Days 7 and 8 of culture, hatched rate and the number of blastomeres per embryo were also evaluated. In Experiment 1, when comparing LOPU sessions, no difference (P>0.05) was verified for number of punctured follicles, number of recovered COCs and recovery rate. However the percentage of large follicles was different (P 0.05) for RT (18.0±5.8 and 12.3±3.7, respectively) and ST (19.4±7.8 and 15.8±7.7, respectively) groups. However, the recovery rate was lower (P 0.05), respectively, for RT (28%, 55% and 17%) and ST (20%, 65% and 15%) groups. The percentage of COCs suitable for IVM had no difference (P>0.05) for RT (96.6%) and ST (93.7%) groups. No significant difference was observed between RT and ST groups for: cleavage rate (68.6% vs 67.0%), blastocyst rate at Days 7 (27.9% vs 31.8%) and 8 (27.9% vs 34.1%), hatched rate (33.3% vs 53.3%), and blastomeres/embryo (252.9 vs 229.8). In conclusion, in goats raised in tropical climate, the IVP of embryos from oocytes obtained by LOPU could be an efficient and suitable method for rapid propagation of genetically superior animals. Donor goats, even after repeated hormonal treatments followed by LOPU, maintained the ovarian response for oocyte and embryo production, becoming close to reality the term “oocyte permanent donors”.

As porfirias são um grupo de doenças, hereditárias ou adquiridas que envolvem as enzimas da síntese do grupo heme, podendo ser devido à inibição ou insuficiência das enzimas. Oito enzimas diferentes participam das etapas da síntese do grupo heme, a deficiência de uma destas enzimas gera o acúmulo dos precursores químicos, as porfirinas, que podem se acumular nos tecidos, especialmente na medula óssea e no fígado. O excesso de porfirinas pode acarretar fotossensibilidade, onde os pacientes se tornam sensíveis à luz solar, ou causar lesões nervosas. Existem diversos tipos de porfirias, cada tipo relacionado com a enzima que apresenta o defeito, levando ao acúmulo do seu precursor imediato, e conseqüentemente desenvolvendo as manifestações clínicas características. Cada tipo de porfiria produz sintomas diferentes, requerem exames específicos para o estabelecimento do diagnóstico e tratamentos individualizados. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho é abordar uma revisão de literatura sobre esta tema tão importante na clínica de pequenos animais..