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Resume Introduction Le controle qualite tient une place importante dans le deroulement d’une demarche qualite au sein d’une profession ou d’une structure de production. Objectifs du travail Identification des sources d’erreurs du diagnostic anatomopathologique afin de proposer des solutions et ameliorer la qualite du compte rendu histologique. Methodes Le controle de qualite interne du compte rendu a consiste en l’appreciation de la justesse du diagnostic histologique, le fond et la forme du compte rendu ainsi que les delais de reponse : ce controle a ete retrospectif sur des cas selectionnes au hasard. Il a porte sur 2 % de l’activite globale de la structure, soit 542 diagnostics entre la duree allant de janvier 2007 a juin 2010. Les dossiers selectionnes comportaient 328 biopsies et 214 pieces operatoires. La relecture a ete effectuee par deux professeurs de notre structure. Resultats Le delai moyen de reponse de 4 jours pour les biopsies et 5,5 jours pour les pieces operatoires. Un pourcentage d’erreurs grave (susceptible de nuire au patient) faible estime a 0,36 %. Discussion et conclusion Le controle qualite constitue un miroir de l’activite globale d’une structure. Ce travail a permis de mettre le point sur plusieurs problemes dont certains au niveau de notre structure, des actions d’amelioration ont ete alors mises en oeuvre.

Carcinosarcoma of the urinary bladder is a rare neoplasm that is composed of malignant epithelial and mesenchymal components. Fewer than 80 cases have been reported worldwide, usually as case reports or a small series. A series of 221 cases using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program database has been reported recently. We present one case of carcinosarcoma that was managed by neoadjuvant chemotherapy and that achieved a complete pathological response. A 57-year-old male patient presented with a 2-month history of hematuria. Ultrasonography revealed a 4 cm mass in the bladder dome. A transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT) revealed a carcinosarcoma. The patient underwent subsequent neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The pathology specimen examination revealed no residual tumor. The patient had no evidence of recurrence after 20 months. This patient is the second reported case of carcinosarcoma of the urinary bladder that achieved a complete pathological response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Granular cell tumor (GCT) was first described by Abrikossof in 1926. This tumor is a benign neoplasm of unclear histogenesis that is generally believed to be of nerve sheath origin. GCT is not common and most often affects the tongue, skin, and soft tissue, although it may occur anywhere in the body. Gastrointestinal tract involvement, and especially that of the colon, is very rare. This usually benign tumor appears as a submucosal nodule, measuring less than 2 cm in diameter and is often found incidentally during colorectal examinations. We describe the case of a 27-year-old man with a GCT in the cecum that was detected after a screening colonoscopy. Endoscopic examination revealed a yellowish submucosal tumor, 0.7 cm in diameter. An endoscopic mucosal polypectomy was done for histological confirmation and treatment.

Eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis is a rare fibro-inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology with only 40 cases reported in the literature. It primarily affects the sinonasal tract and more rarely the orbit, the larynx and the gums. This benign disorder is characterized by a slowly progressive process mimicking a tumor, with frequent recurrences after surgical excision and cortico-therapy. The typical histology consists of fibro-inflammatory lesion with numerous eosinophils, arranged in a perivascular pattern. As the lesion matures, inflammation becomes less intense and the fibrosis progresses with an onion-skin type perivascular fibrosis. A recent paper suggests that EAF is part of the spectrum of IgG4-related systemic disease. We report a case of orbital EAF in an 86-year-old woman which sustained this hypothesis.

Le dermatofibrosarcome de Darier et Ferrand (DFS) est une tumeur mésenchymateuse cutanée de malignité intermédiaire. C'est une tumeur rare mais non exceptionnelle, représentant 0,1% des tumeurs cutanées malignes. Les auteurs présentent une étude rétrospective de 27 cas de DFS diagnostiqués sur une durée de 7 ans (2004 à 2010) et la comparent aux données de la littérature. Cette étude permet d’établir en plus des caractéristiques anatomopathologiques et immunohistochimiques, une étude épidémiologique, clinique et évolutive de ce sarcome. l’âge moyen de nos patients est de 41 ans avec une prédominance masculine. Le tronc est la localisation préférentielle touché dans 52% des cas. La taille tumorale a atteint 30cm et mesure en moyenne 6,1 cm. Le diagnostic était évoqué à l'examen histologique standard et confirmé par l'expression intense et diffuse du CD34. Le traitement était chirurgical, associé à une radiothérapie dans 2 cas. L’évolution était marquée par la transformation en un sarcome pléomorphe de haut grade dans un cas et par la survenue de récidives locales dans 2 cas. Nos résultats sont classiques et comparables aux autres séries de la littérature. L'examen histologique est indispensable pour le diagnostic. L'exérèse chirurgicale large est le traitement de référence. Le pronostic est conditionné par une malignité surtout locale et un fort potentiel de récidive. La transformation sarcomateuse franchement maligne métastasiante est exceptionnelle.

Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS) is a rare neoplasm commonly affecting young adults and typically arising in the somatic soft tissue of the proximal extremities. Its occurrence within the big toe is exceedingly rare. A 43-year-old man had surgery on a mass located in the big toe, which was first noted 6 months previously. Histological examination revealed LGFMS. One year after surgery, the patient is alive with no evidence of disease. Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma is a rare neoplasm that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of spindle cell neoplasms of the foot.

Background Cancers of the male urethra constitute less than 1% of all malignant urological tumours, and the occurrence of sarcomas in the urethra is even less frequent. To our knowledge, only one case has been previously described in the English literature. Case presentation We report the clinical features, histology, imaging and treatment of urethral leiomyosarcoma in a male patient. Conclusion The occurrence of sarcoma in the urethra is most unusual, and its appearance as a primary growth in the male urethra is not recorded in the English literature. In conclusion, this case highlights a rare type of primary male urethral malignancy that features a poor prognosis.

Most tumors affecting Vater's ampulla are adenocarcinomas, and other histological variants are less frequent. Signet ring cell carcinoma is more commonly found in the stomach than at other sites of the digestive system. Signet ring cell carcinoma of the Vater's ampulla is extremely rare, and only 15 cases have previously been described in the literature. It mainly occurs in elderly patients (median age = 57 years). We report a case of advanced signet ring cell carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater, with invasion of the duodenum (D3) admitted in the Medical Oncology Unit of HASSAN II University Hospital.

Primary genitourinary melanoma accounts for less than one per cent of all cases of melanoma. Most cases attributed to the prostate actually originate from the prostatic urethra. Due to its infrequency, primary malignant melanoma of the genitourinary tract presents a difficult diagnostic and management challenge. We report a case of primary malignant melanoma of the prostate found during transurethral resection of the prostate.

Urinary bladder pheochromocytoma is rare. From a case report of unsuspected pheochromocytoma and literature review, the authors develop a diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm for the management of this ectopic pheochromocytoma localization.

Introduction Intracystic papillary carcinoma represents a small distinctive subgroup of noninvasive breast cancer, accounts for