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1. The role of patient involvement in the promotion of hand hygiene among nurses in the hospital setting

Author

Alzyood, Mamdooh, Aveyard, Helen, Jackson, Debra, and Brooke, Joanne

Subjects
610.73
Abstract

Aim: To understand the role of patient involvement in the promotion of hand hygiene among nurses in the hospital setting. Methods: This qualitative PhD thesis is comprised of two studies; focus group discussions with nurses and interviews with patients. In the first study, focus group discussions (n = 7) were completed with nurses from Jordan and the UK (n=36) to explore nurses' views and experiences with patient involvement in hand hygiene. Data from nurses were analysed using thematic analysis. In the second study, semi-structured telephone interviews were completed with patients from Jordan (n = 21) to understand their experiences of asking nurses to wash their hands. Data from patients were analysed by critical incident analysis resulting in the identification and analysis of 116 critical incidents. Results: The analysis of the focus group and critical incident discussions resulted in four overarching themes. Although both nurses and patients acknowledged the patients' right to ask, both groups reported concerns that asking about hand hygiene could have an adverse impact on the nurse-patient relationship. Patients reported that the promotion of hand hygiene was not only offensive and upsetting for nurses, but also embarrassing for patients. Patients reported negative reactions from nurses when promoting handwashing, and these encounters became stressful and confrontational though both groups indicated that this could be mediated if the patient asked in the 'right way'. It is not clear what the 'right way' might be. Discussion: Patients are likely to encounter confrontation if they prompt hand hygiene unless they do so in the 'right way'. Patients seem to be discouraged from taking an active role in their care and this needs to be considered when planning patient involvement strategies. Conclusion: Findings from this study show that patients are expected to be passive, grateful and remain silent when observing noncompliance to hand hygiene practices among nurses. It could be that hospitals have not predicated the negative encounters or else they would not encourage patients to remind nurses to wash their hands. Therefore, more work needs to be done to ensure that patients can speak out and raise concerns without fearing the negative consequences when asking nurses to wash their hands. Nurses suggested a need for a new hospital culture of patient involvement in ensuring patient safety through the promotion of hand hygiene compliance.

Published
2021
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2. The impact of preceptorship on the newly qualified nurse and preceptors working in a critical care environment: An integrative literature review.

Author

Lima, Mariana Santos and Alzyood, Mamdooh

Subjects
*INTENSIVE care nursing, *INTERPROFESSIONAL relations, *PSYCHOLOGICAL burnout, *GRADUATES, *CINAHL database, *MENTORING, *NURSING, *ANXIETY, *CONFIDENCE, *LEARNING, *SYSTEMATIC reviews, *MEDLINE, *THEMATIC analysis, *CLINICAL competence, *PROFESSIONAL employee training, *CONCEPTUAL structures, *MEDICAL preceptorship, *PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems, *EMPLOYEES' workload
Abstract

Background: Preceptorship has been found to be effective in supporting Newly Qualified Nurses (NQNs) during their transition into challenging environments, particularly in addressing issues related to confidence and anxiety. Effective preceptorship is an element of best practice and essential to support NQNs' transition into the critical care setting. However, the impact of preceptorship on NQNs and their preceptors in critical care units is yet to be completely understood. Aim: To review the impact of preceptorship on NQNs and preceptors working in a critical care environment. Study Design: An integrative literature review of the literature. The review employed Whittemore and Knafl's (2005) five‐stage integrative review approach. Methods: Three databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL and PsycINFO) were searched for papers published between January 2010 and May 2022. The PRISMA framework was used to guide the search and screening. Thematic analysis was used to extract, organize and analyse the data. Results: Nine studies were included in this review. Reflective thematic analysis revealed three themes, with four related subthemes. Preceptorship has an impact on the development of the NQNs and preceptors' 'nurturing' relationship. NQNs develop their knowledge, competence and confidence when experiencing supportive preceptorship. Meanwhile, preceptors experience a combination of increased workload and opportunities for learning and professional development as a result of preceptorship. Conclusion: There is evidence of the impact of preceptorship on learning and professional development for both NQNs and preceptors, but this is a complex phenomenon and further research is required to understand this area more fully. Relevance to Clinical Practice: In nursing practice, it is well‐established that Newly Qualified Nurses (NQNs) often face heightened levels of anxiety and a lack of confidence when embarking on their careers, particularly in the demanding and stressful environment of critical care units. This review holds particular significance in the realm of clinical practice as it delves into the pivotal role of preceptorship in nurturing the professional growth and development of NQNs within the challenging domain of critical care. Effective preceptorship, as an essential component of best practice, plays a pivotal role in aiding NQNs' transition into critical care settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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3. The role of patient involvement in the promotion of hand hygiene among nurses in hospital settings: A qualitative study of nurses’ and patients’ experiences

Author

Alzyood, Mamdooh, Jackson, Debra, Brooke, Joanne, Aveyard, Helen, Alzyood, Mamdooh, Jackson, Debra, Brooke, Joanne, and Aveyard, Helen

Abstract

Background: To date, there is a wealth of evidence that patients have been invited to take an active role in prompting handwashing of hospital staff, but there is insufficient evidence on what happens in practice and whether this is acceptable to both staff and patients. Objective: To understand the role of patient involvement in the promotion of hand hygiene among nurses in the hospital setting. Methods: This qualitative interpretive study comprised of focus group discussions conducted with nurses (n = 36) and interviews with patients (n = 21). Data from nurses were analysed using inductive thematic analysis. Data from patients were analysed by critical incident analysis. Results: Experiences from nurses and patients can be summarised into 4 themes (1) both nurses and patients acknowledged the patients’ right to ask, (2) both groups reported concerns that asking about hand hygiene could have an adverse impact on the nurse-patient relationship, (3) patients reported negative reactions from nurses when promoting handwashing, and (4) patients reported that the promotion of hand hygiene was not only offensive and upsetting for nurses, but also embarrassing for patients. Conclusions: Findings from this study suggest that patients are expected to adopt a passive role in infection control and remain silent when observing non-compliance to hand hygiene within the hospital setting, to avoid being embarrassed, offensive and upsetting to nurses.

Published
2022

7. The use of focus group data from countries with linguistic differences: A discussion of methodological and pragmatic issues

Author

Alzyood, Mamdooh, Aveyard, Helen, Brooke, Joanne M., and Jackson, Debra

Abstract

Background: Focus group discussions for data collection in nursing research has increased. Data from focus groups provides rich in-depth understanding of a phenomenon, which can inform clinical practice. Guidance on facilitating focus groups has been developed, however there is a lack of guidance on techniques of translating, analysing and presenting focus group data from countries with linguistic differences. Aim: To explore contemporary examples of translating, analysing and presenting focus group data from countries with linguistic differences and provide an in-depth example of the decision making process from one study with focus group data from two countries. Methods: A discussion paper to guide recommendations for focus group data analysis from countries with linguistic differences. Discussion: The experience from undertaking focus groups across two countries and contemporary nursing research has highlighted the need for a clear rationale and transparency in the reporting of translating, analysing and presentation of data. Detailed and transparent reporting needs to include not only the translation process, but when this occurred, either pre or post analysis, and when or if the data was amalgamated. Implications for research/practice: There is a clear need for evidence-based guidance on the reporting of translation, transcription and analysis of focus group data from countries with linguistic difficulties.

Published
2020

9. An integrative review exploring the perceptions of patients and healthcare professionals towards patient involvement in promoting hand hygiene compliance in the hospital setting

Author

Alzyood, Mamdooh, Jackson, Debra, Brooke, Joanne, Aveyard, Helen, Alzyood, Mamdooh, Jackson, Debra, Brooke, Joanne, and Aveyard, Helen

Abstract

Aims and objectives: To review patients' and healthcare professionals’ perceptions of patient involvement in promoting hand hygiene compliance in the hospital setting. Background: Initiatives continue to emphasise the importance of involving patients in their safety at the point of care. A patient-centred care approach aims to empower patients to become active members of the healthcare team. However, understanding the perceptions of patients and healthcare professionals of patient involvement in promoting hand hygiene compliance among healthcare professionals has yet to be fully explored. Design: Integrative literature review. Methods: A five-stage review process informed by Whittemore and Knafl's methodology was conducted. MEDLINE and CINAHL were searched for papers published between January 2009 and July 2017. Data were extracted manually, organised using NVivo 11, and analysed using a thematic analysis. Results: From an identified 240 papers, 19 papers were included in this review. Thematic analysis revealed two main themes, with three related sub-themes. Patients were willing to remind healthcare professionals, especially nurses, to wash their hands. The perception of healthcare professionals toward patients’ involvement varied from one study to another. However, an overall positive attitude toward patient involvement was related to how patients requested, and how healthcare professionals responded, to being asked. Conclusion: There is limited evidence regarding patients’ actual intention to ask healthcare professionals to wash their hands, and also some evidence that patients are reluctant to do so. Further research is required to understand this area thoroughly, including the situations in which patients would feel more empowered to speak up. Relevance to clinical practice: Simple messages promoting patient involvement may lead to complex reactions in both patients and healthcare professionals. It is unclear yet how patients and staff react to such messages in

Published
2018

10. Use of focus group data from countries with linguistic differences: translation, analysis and presentation.

Author

Alzyood, Mamdooh, Jackson, Debra, Aveyard, Helen, and Brooke, Joanne

Subjects
*CULTURE, *FOCUS groups, *PARTICIPANT-researcher relationships, *MULTILINGUALISM, *LINGUISTICS, *POPULATION geography, *LANGUAGE & languages, *MEDICAL research personnel, *NURSING research, *DESCRIPTIVE statistics, *NURSES, *CLINICAL competence, *DECISION making in clinical medicine, *TRANSLATIONS
Abstract

Why you should read this article: • To help with your plans to complete focus group discussions in countries with different linguistics • To enable you to manage data from countries with different linguistics in three main areas: translation, analysis and presentation • To assist you in the process of translation and analysis of qualitative data from countries with different linguistics Background: The use of focus groups to collect data has increased in nursing research and provides rich, in-depth understanding of a phenomenon that can inform clinical practice. Guidance has been developed on facilitating focus groups. However, there is little guidance about how to translate, analyse or present focus group data from countries with linguistic differences. Aim: To explore contemporary examples of translating, analysing and presenting focus group data from countries with linguistic differences and to provide an in-depth example of decision-making in a study involving focus group data from two countries. Discussion: The study highlights the need for a clear rationale and transparency in the reporting of the translation, analysis and presentation of data. Detailed and transparent reporting needs to include not only translation, but also when this occurred and if the data were amalgamated. Conclusion: There is a need for evidence-based guidance concerning how to report the translation, transcription and analysis of focus group data from countries with linguistic differences. Implications for practice: The authors provide recommendations concerning information that researchers should provide about translation when publishing studies, and argue for the use of a bilingual lead researcher. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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