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"Background: Heart failure (HF) patients have high rates of hospital readmission resulting in large human and financial costs to families, communities, hospitals and payers. Developing comprehensive interventions to decrease rates requires knowledge of the contextual, physiological, psychological and role function factors related to 30-day HF unplanned rehospitalization. Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the influence of contextual factors (patient's characteristics), physiological factors, psychological factors, and role function factors on 30-day HF unplanned rehospitalization. Methods: This cross-sectional study was guided by the Roy Adaptation Model, and Electronic Medical Record data (N = 270) were used. Chi square analyses and logistic regression were used to answer five research questions. Results: Findings revealed all factor types predicted 30-day HF unplanned rehospitalization, but in different levels. The contextual factors predicting 30-day HF unplanned rehospitalization were length of stay, previous hospitalizations, weight change between discharge and admission, and New York Heart Association Functional Classification (NYHA). Physiological factors were Chronic Kidney Disease, the use of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure machine (CPAP), B-type natriuretic peptide, and the use of Angiotensin Converting Enzymes Inhibitor medications. The psychological factor was the use of antidepressant, and the role function factor of being married were predictors of 30-day HF unplanned rehospitalization. Conclusion: Many factors must be considered to prevent 30-day HF unplanned rehospitalization. Nurses should plan a variety of interventions that promote individuals' health and improve health outcomes to reduce 30-day HF unplanned rehospitalization."--Abstract from author supplied metadata.