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Background: Prostate cancer is considered the most common malignant neoplasm in males worldwide and the 2nd important reason for cancer-related male deaths after bronchogenic carcinoma. Objective: The purpose of this research is to assess how diffusion weighted image (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value characterise prostatic cysts, senile prostatic hyperplasia, prostate cancer, and the normal prostatic gland. Patients and methods: We enrolled 60 cases with suspicious prostatic lesions,20 cases with benign prostatic hypertrophy, 20 cases prostate cancer and 20 with prostatic cyst along with 20 controls. All underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for prostatic assessment and Trans-rectal ultrasonography (TRUS) guided biopsy. Results: Prostate cancer had a considerably lower mean ADC value (p-value < 0.001) than normal central gland (CG), peripheral zone (PZ), and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) nodules. The ADC value of the PZ tissue had been substantially higher than that of the normal central zone (CZ) (p<0.001). While the prostatic cyst's ADC value was much greater than CZ's (p < 0.001), the BPH lesion's ADC value had been significantly lower than CZ's (p < 0.001). Conclusions: DWI has been a useful tool for gathering information on the tissue properties of the prostate's various anatomical zones. In contrast to normal tissue, BPH, and prostate cysts, prostate carcinoma cause restricted diffusion of water, which may be used in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Despite being an uncommon form of abdominal neoplasia, gastrointestinal stromal tumors are the most prevalent mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal system. Objective: This research aimed to identify the predictors of malignancy on computed tomography (CT) for the evaluation of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) by correlating CT findings with the mitotic index. Patients and methods: We retrospectively reviewed the radiological and pathological results of forty-five patients who had a histopathological diagnosis of GIST. All underwent post contrast CT for the abdomen and pelvis. Results: There was a significant correlation among mitotic count and sex, area of necrosis, contour, mesenteric fat infiltration, and distant metastasis with p value < 0.05. The sensitivity of the 20% cut-off value was 74.2%, the specificity was 85.7%, and the accuracy was 77.8%. The sensitivity of 10% cut-off value was 93.5%, the specificity was 78.6%, and the accuracy was 88.9%. Out of 45 patients with GIST lesions, 39 (86.7%) had radiological findings that agreed with the pathological mitotic count. Six patients (13.3%) had mismatches (four favoring pathology and two favoring radiology). Conclusions: Although, pathology remains the cornerstone in having the final verdict regarding the malignant potential of GIST, the CT-based approach seems to be effective for risk stratification prior to surgery and treatment. This approach in conjunction with other risk variables such as patient age and morbidities could be helpful for a better management of GIST patients, to address them to the best tailored treatment at the time of diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]