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Copyright of Journal of Economics & Administrative Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research deals with integrating RE and CBC in the product design process. RE improves the product value based on evaluate the competition products, whereas CBC aims to use a process approach to define activities and prelates those activities to products or customers using the product’s Characteristics. Integrating RE and CBC together leads to the improvement of product value, an increase of customer satisfaction, and support of competitive advantage. In this study first, a conceptual model of integration of these two approaches is provided and then the implementation procedures in product design cycle are explained, and finally, the results got from implementing it in an Electronic Industries company are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Headaches are a major focus of public health efforts. As stress and emotional disturbances play a role in various forms of headaches, emotion regulation can be thought of as a factor in adaptation and successful management of this illness. The effectiveness of cognitive emotion management strategies in women and men with migraine headaches and tension headaches, and healthy people was investigated in this study. Methods: This research was a causal-comparative research. In the first 6 months of 2020, 60 patients with migraine tension headaches were studied in the neurology clinic of the Abdi Waluyo Hospital in Jakarta. Positive techniques (vision formation, positive refocus, positive appraisal, and planning) and negative strategies (self-blame, blaming others, rumination, and catastrophic perception and acceptance) in emotion regulation were obtained using the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. In addition, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and Tukey's range test were used. Results: According to the findings, individuals with migraines employ fewer positive techniques in the cognitive management of their emotions than people without migraines (group factor effect: P = 0.36). Moreover, the findings revealed a significant difference in the usage of positive methods by women and men in both groups, with women employing more positive tactics (gender*group effect: P < 0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, the findings of this study suggest that self-regulation is a component that can cause headaches in patients. The clinical applications of this study include how people with headaches use cognitive emotion regulation strategies in the etiology and design of therapeutic interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]