Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2022-07-19T18:37:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2019 - Rafael Gomes da Mota Gon?alves.pdf: 2594765 bytes, checksum: 66dd36332facd0926fbf2f638add0b3c (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2022-07-19T18:37:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2019 - Rafael Gomes da Mota Gon?alves.pdf: 2594765 bytes, checksum: 66dd36332facd0926fbf2f638add0b3c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-08-29 CAPES - Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior FAPERJ - Funda??o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Increasing demand for vegetable production requires excessive use of mineral and organic fertilizers, usually allied with low concern for soil conservation. This work aimed to evaluate the contamination of soils by heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Ni, Cr, Mn, Zn, and Cu) in a kale production area; identify the factors which most contributed to the soil enrichment by these elements and the transfer to kale plants; and access plant quality based on the maximum limits allowed by ANVISA. The study was carried out in 24 kale production areas, located in Jac?, in the municipality of Petr?polis-RJ.In each property, samples of soil amendments were randomly collected. Soil and plant samples were collected, following the proportion of one sample per 1000 individuals, totaling 146 samples. The soil samples were digested according to the 3050B methodology (USEPA, 1996) and the plants and inputs by the 3050 method (USEPA, 2008). The extracts were analyzed in an apparatus by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry and the quality of the soil and plant analyzes were evaluated through certified samples. The data obtained was used to calculate the pollution indices (IP) for heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Ni, Cr, Zn, Mn, and Cu) using the reference values for the Mountain Region of Rio de Janeiro. Soil enrichment was verified for Zn, Pb, Cd, and Ni elements. Mineral and organic fertilizers were identified as the primary sources of heavy metals inputs, being the ?poultry litter? the major contributor of this input. In general, the contents in the soil (total and bioavailable), the concentration in the leaves and the total accumulated in kale plants were inversely related to the relief, but directly related to the assimilable P, exchangeable K, and organic carbon contents. These relationships suggest the influence of the relief, soil management, soluble phosphate, potassium fertilizers, and poultry litter on the heavy metals accumulation in soil and kale plants. From the plants analyzed, 91.7% presented Pb contamination, with values up to 9.2 times above the limit allowed by ANVISA. Also, 97.2% of the plants presented Cd contamination, with values up to 3.8 times higher than acceptable. The results obtained suggest that the accumulation of heavy metals in the soil and in cabbage plants had a strong influence of the relief associated with soil management and the contribution of soluble phosphate and potassium fertilizers and poultry litter. O aumento da demanda na produ??o de hortali?as tem exigido um uso excessivo de fertilizantes minerais e org?nicos, associado a baixa preocupa??o com a conserva??o do solo. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar solos de ?rea de produ??o de couve manteiga (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) quanto ? contamina??o por metais pesados (Cd, Pb, Ni, Cr, Mn, Zn e Cu), identificando os fatores que mais contribu?ram para o enriquecimento dos solos por estes elementos e na transfer?ncia para plantas de couve, al?m da qualidade das plantas com base nos limites m?ximos permitidos pela ANVISA. O estudo foi realizado em 24 ?reas de produ??o de couve, localizadas na comunidade do Jac?, no Munic?pio de Petr?polis-RJ. Em cada propriedade, coletou-se, aleatoriamente, amostras de insumos agr?colas. Foram coletadas amostras de solo e de plantas, seguindo a propor??o de uma amostra para cada 1000 indiv?duos, totalizando 146 amostras. As amostras de solo foram digeridas conforme metodologia 3050B (USEPA, 1996) e as plantas e insumos pelo m?todo 3050 (USEPA, 2008). Os extratos foram analisados em aparelho por Espectrometria de Absor??o At?mica e a qualidade das an?lises de solo e de planta foram avaliadas atrav?s de amostras certificadas. Com os dados obtidos calcularam-se os ?ndices de polui??o (IP) para os metais pesados (Cd, Pb, Ni, Cr, Zn, Mn e Cu) utilizando o valor de refer?ncia para a Regi?o Serrana do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Verificou-se enriquecimento no solo para os elementos Zn, Pb, Cd e Ni. Os adubos minerais e org?nicos foram identificados como as principais fontes de incorpora??o de metais pesados, sendo a ?cama de avi?rio? o que apresentou maior contribui??o no aporte. De uma forma geral, os teores totais e biodispon?veis no solo e a concentra??o nas folhas e o total acumulado nas plantas de couve estiveram relacionados, inversamente, com a declividade e, diretamente, com os teores de P assimil?vel, K troc?vel e carbono org?nico. Das plantas analisadas nesses solos, 91,7% apresentaram contamina??o por Pb, com valores de at? 9,2 vezes acima do limite permitido pela ANVISA, assim como 97,2% das plantas apresentaram contamina??o por Cd, com valores de at? 3,8 vezes superiores aos aceit?veis. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que a acumula??o de metais pesados no solo e em plantas de couve tiveram forte influ?ncia do relevo associada ao manejo do solo e do aporte dos adubos fosfatados e pot?ssicos sol?veis e da cama de avi?rio.