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In Brazilian folk medicine, Protium heptaphyllum is used to treat inflammatory conditions and to hasten wound repair. This paper aims to investigate the chemical composition and the in vitro antibacterial effects of the essential oils (EOs) obtained from P. heptaphyllum leaves and ripe and unripe fruits against a representative panel of oral pathogens. The GC-FID and GC-MS analysis revealed that the major components determined in P. heptaphyllum essential oils were myrcene (59.0%), β-elemene (17.2%), limonene (12.9%), spathulenol (12.6%), α-cubebene (11.6%), germacrene D (10.6%), trans-nerolidol (9.8%), and α-cadinol (8.8%). The essential oils of the ripe and unripe fruits showed the strongest antibacterial activity against the anaerobic bacteria Prevotella nigrescens (MIC = 50 µg/mL). The leaf essential oil displayed very promising activity against Streptococcus mutans (MIC = 50 µg/mL) and Streptococcus mitis (MIC = 62.5 µg/mL). The antibacterial activity of EOs against oral pathogens is also described for the first time.

In this study, the chemical composition and antibacterial and antiproliferative potential of the essential oil obtained from fresh leaves of Psidium myrtoides (PM-EO) against oral pathogens and human tumour cell lines were investigated for the first time. GC-FID and GC-MS analyses showed that trans-β-caryophyllene (30.9%), α-humulene (15.9%), α-copaene (7.8%), caryophyllene oxide (7.3%) and α-bisabolol (5.3%) are the major constituents of PM-EO. The antibacterial activity of PM-EO against a panel of oral pathogens was investigated in terms of their minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) using the broth microdilution method. PM-EO displayed moderate activity against Streptococcus mitis (MIC = 100 μg/mL), S. sanguinis (MIC = 100 μg/mL), S. sobrinus (MIC = 250 μg/mL), and S. salivarius (MIC = 250 μg/mL), and strong activity against S. mutans (MIC = 62.5 μg/mL). The antiproliferative activity in normal (GM07492A, lung fibroblasts) and tumour cell lines (MCF-7, HeLa, and M059 J) was performed using the XTT assay. PM-EO showed 50% inhibition of normal cell growth at 359.8 ± 6.3 μg/mL. Antiproliferative activity was observed against human tumour cell lines, with IC50 values significantly lower than that obtained for the normal cell line, demonstrating IC50 values for MCF-7 cells (254.5 ± 1.6 μg/mL), HeLa cells (324.2 ± 41.4 μg/mL) and M059 J cells (289.3 ± 10.9 μg/mL). Therefore, the cytotoxicity of PM-EO had little influence on the antibacterial effect, since it showed antibacterial activity at lower concentrations. Our results suggest that PM-EO is a promising source of new antibacterial and antitumour agents.

Brazil is a major producer of grains, such as sorgh um and corn, which are used for export. Sorghum and corn grains have in its composition 9.5% and 9. 8 protein, respectively. Proteins are the most abundant and most diverse functions in living syste ms molecules. Currently, food proteins are increasingly recognized as a source of beneficial b ioactive peptides, and they are physiologically released during digestion. The aim of the work was to evaluate the protein extraction (four methods) and antioxidant activity of sorghum and corn grains . The proximal composition of grains was evaluated in relation to moisture, protein, lipids and ash contents, furthermore were quantified proteins concentration and antioxidant activity by FRAP method in the four extracts. The corn and sorghum grains were ground, homogenized (60 mesh) a nd stored at 5°C until analysis. The protein extraction utilized were: 1) dichloromethane/methan ol; 2) NH 4 HCO 3 (5mM, pH 8.0)/heat treatment; 3) water/ethanol/heat treatment; and 4) alkaline ex traction and precipitation. The corn and sorghum presented, protein 6.62% and 9.87%, lipids 4.45% an d 4.32%, moisture 8.87% and 8.23%, ash 0.96% and 1.15%, carbohydrates 79.01% and 76.41%, t otalizing a caloric value of 382.9 and 384.1 Kcal g -1 , respectively. The 2 and 3 methods in corn grain p resented highest protein content 133.16 and 142.24 μ g g -1 , respectively. In sorghum grain, methods 1, 2 and 3 presented protein content between 173.59 – 223.63 μg g -1 . The antioxidant activity of protein extracts was between 0.90 – 9.73μM of ferrous sulphate for corn and between 4.4 1 – 15.04μ M of ferrous sulphate for sorghum. The best results in the extraction using the method 3 for both grains could be due to the structure of proteins (zein and kafirins) which are soluble in a lcoholic solutions and insoluble in water. In conclusion, method 3 - water/ethanol/heat treatment (corn: 142.24 μg g -1 and sorghum: 223.63 μg g - 1 ) and method 3 (corn: 9.73 μM and sorghum: 15.04 μ M ) showed the best results for extracting protein and antioxidant activity, respectively. The protein extracts obtainedhave great potential as natural antioxidants

[Excerpt] Sunflower grains have a high protein content (24%) with high quality amino acid profile and are used to extraction of vegetable oil. The sunflower brain is produced during the processing of vegetal oil. The sunflower grains and by-product (bran) can be used with raw materials for obtaining peptides with bioactivity for protein hydrolysis after extraction, since they have great amount of essential amino acids, typically nonpolar, soluble and insoluble alcoholic solutions in water. The aim of this work was to evaluate protein extraction (three methods) of sunflower grains and bran. (...)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-09-30T18:18:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-12-01Bitstream added on 2014-10-01T14:03:25Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-635X2013000400005.pdf: 675457 bytes, checksum: 0aa49bf7d52a33fa13f1a5059d51d300 (MD5) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Black bone syndrome (BBS) affects poultry industry, and it is caused by the darkening of the tissue adjacent to the bone due to leak age of bone marrow contents during cooking. The objective of this experiment was to estimate BBS incidence in chicken thighs. A completely randomized experimental design, with two treatments (refrigerated or frozen) of 50 replicates each, was applied. The influence of BBS on meat quality was assessed according to bone lightness (*L), and meat appearance and sensorial characteristics. Lightness was measured using a colorimeter (Minolta® 410R) positioned on the proximal epiphyseal growth plate. Meat quality was evaluated after roasting by assigning scores for appearance (acceptable = no darkening, intermediate = little darkened, and unacceptable = severe darkening). Twelve refrigerated and 12 frozen thighs were used for sensorial analysis (adjacent muscle appearance, odor, tenderness, and flavor), assessed using a hedonic scale (1 = bad to 10 = very good) by trained panelists. Lightness was submitted to ANOVA and Tukey's test (p37.5=normal). The incidence of BBS was 35%,with a 16%increase thighs were frozen. Meat taste was not influenced by the treatments. Meat appearance, flavor, and tenderness were not affected by freezing or refrigeration, only by BBS degree. It was concluded that freezing increases the incidence of BBS and chicken thighs with bones presenting lower luminosity have worse meat quality. UFGD UNESP UFGD FCA UNESP

This paper reports an overview on the chemistry of the indole alkaloid goniomitine focusing, mainly, on the methods of synthesis related to this natural product and analogs.

International audience; SrTiO3, SrTi0.99Nd0.01O3 and Sr0.99Nd0.01TiO3 thin films were synthesized by pulsed laser deposition at 700 °C on different substrates (silica, R-sapphire, (100) LaAlO3 and (100) MgO). The influence of Nd3+ substitution into the A and B sites of SrTiO3 perovskite on film growth was studied. The films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (θ-2θ, θ- and θ-scans), micro-Raman spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy and field-emission scanning electron microscopy. All of the films exhibited a (h00) orientation and high-quality epitaxial growth on LaAlOθ. The films grown on MgO, with the exception of the SrTiNd0.01O3 film, also exhibited a (h00) orientation. The polycrystallinity of the SrTi0.99Nd0.01O3 film may be related to the increased lattice distortion when Ti4+ was replaced with Nd3+. A polycrystalline growth was observed for all of the films deposited on silica and R-sapphire, as expected. The Raman results showed that Nd doping led to an increase in the short-range disorder. The morphology strongly depended on the nature of the substrate and on Nd doping, specially in the case of SrTi0.99Nd0.01O3.

Pyrrolin-2-ones and 2-pyrrolidinones are moieties often found in the structure of several biologically active natural products and 3-pyrrolin-2-ones are valuable starting materials in organic synthesis due to their ability to react as acceptors in conjugate addition reactions. In this article we report the initial results about the performed study aiming at the syntheses of reactive 3-pyrrolin-2-ones in conjugate addition reactions and the preparation of a potential precursor for the synthesis of the nootropic (+/-)-nebracetam. Pirrolin-2-onas e 2-pirrolidinonas são subunidades geralmente encontradas na estrutura de vários produtos naturais bioativos e 3-pirrolin-2-onas são valiosos materiais de partida em síntese orgânica devido à habilidade de reagirem como aceptores em reações de adição conjugada. Neste artigo relatamos os resultados iniciais do estudo realizado objetivando as sínteses de 3-pirrolin-2-onas reativas em reações de adição conjugada e a preparação de um precursor potencial para a síntese do nootrópico (+/-)-nebracetam.