Search

Genomic selection is a worthy breeding method to improve genetic gain in recurrent selection breeding schemes. The integration of multi-generation and multi-location information could significantly improve genomic prediction models in the context of shuttle breeding. The Cirad-CIAT upland rice breeding program applies recurrent genomic selection and seeks to optimize the scheme to increase genetic gain while reducing phenotyping efforts. We used a synthetic population (PCT27) of which S0 plants were all genotyped and advanced by selfing and bulk seed harvest to the S0:2, S0:3, and S0:4 generations. The PCT27 was then divided into two sets. The S0:2 and S0:3 progenies for PCT27A and the S0:4 progenies for PCT27B were phenotyped in two locations: Santa Rosa the target selection location, within the upland rice growing area, and Palmira, the surrogate location, far from the upland rice growing area but easier for experimentation. While the calibration used either one of the two sets phenotyped in one or two locations, the validation population was only the PCT27B phenotyped in Santa Rosa. Five scenarios of genomic prediction and 24 models were performed and compared. Training the prediction model with the PCT27B phenotyped in Santa Rosa resulted in predictive abilities ranging from 0.19 for grain zinc concentration to 0.30 for grain yield. Expanding the training set with the inclusion of the PCT27A resulted in greater predictive abilities for all traits but grain yield, with increases from 5% for plant height to 61% for grain zinc concentration. Models with the PCT27B phenotyped in two locations resulted in higher prediction accuracy when the models assumed no genotype-by-environment (G × E) interaction for flowering (0.38) and grain zinc concentration (0.27). For plant height, the model assuming a single G × E variance provided higher accuracy (0.28). The gain in predictive ability for grain yield was the greatest (0.25) when environment-specific variance deviation ef

On the Atlantic coast of the Buenos Aires province (Argentina), the development of coastal cities and infrastructures oriented to tourist activity presents different environmental problems that affects its natural dynamics. In this study, the anthropic and natural processes that originated the remobilization and intrusion of a dune field on Provincial Route 11 connecting the cities of Mar del Plata and Miramar were evaluated. Historical analysis of the degradation of coastal dunes were carried out with satellite images and GIS programs to quantitatively evaluate this process over time. In addition, geomorphological studies, plant censuses and grain size analysis of the remobilized sediments were carried out. It was found that the main factors of modification in the landscape have anthropogenic origin, requiring human intervention to mitigate the effects of the impact of the dune body on the route. A management plan that includes the fixation with vegetation of the front of the dune, as well as protecting and controlling the uses of the area covered by the dune system is proposed., En la costa atlántica de la provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina), el desarrollo de ciudades, balnearios y de infraestructuras orientadas a la actividad turística presenta diferentes problemáticas ambientales que afectan la dinámica natural de la zona litoral En este trabajo, se evaluaron los procesos antrópicos y naturales que originaron la removilización e intrusión de un campo de dunas sobre la Ruta Provincial 11 que conecta las ciudades de Mar del Plata y Miramar. Se realizaron análisis históricos de la degradación de dunas costeras generadas por tránsito de motos y vehículos doble tracción, con imágenes satelitales y programas de SIG para evaluar cuantitativamente este proceso en el tiempo. Complementariamente se realizaron estudios geomorfológicos, censos de vegetación y análisis granulométricos de los sedimentos removilizados. Se encontró que los principales factores de modificación en el paisaje tienen origen antrópico reciente, siendo necesaria una nueva intervención humana para revertir y mitigar los efectos mal uso del cuerpo medanoso sobre la ruta. Se propone al municipio un plan de gestión que incluye la fijación con vegetación del frente del médano, así como proteger y controlar los usos del área que abarca el sistema medanoso.

With the aim to find new sources of resistance to rice hoja blanca (white leaf) disease, transmitted by the insect Tagosodes orizicolus, 660 genotypes were evaluated under greenhouse and field conditions. Seven resistant genotypes were identified, and genomic studies were performed to demonstrate that the resistance in these sources is genetically different from that of Fedearroz 2000, which is currently the variety with the most resistance to hoja blanca. These new resistance sources constitute a resource that can be used to sustainably extend hoja blanca disease management throughout all of the rice-growing regions of tropical America. This is the first report of hoja blanca resistance in indica rice and different from that of Fedearroz 2000.

INTRODUCCIÓN: Los procesos médicolegales en México han aumentado en la actualidad propiciando la práctica de medicina defensiva, en la que también subyace el deterioro de la relación médicopaciente. Objetivo: Determinar el lugar que ocupa la especialidad en Ortopedia y Traumatología en relación a inconformidades médicas presentadas en la Comisión Nacional de Arbitraje Médico y las principales patologías involucradas. METODOLOGÍA: Estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo. Universo de 323 casos, se seleccionaron 50 casos mediante muestreo aleatorio simple. Se utilizó una distribución porcentual para la interpretación de resultados. RESULTADOS: El segmento anatómico más frecuentemente involucrado fue miembro inferior, seguido de columna y grandes articulaciones lo cual tiene un impacto económico y laboral muy importante. El 58.2% de los dictámenes tuvieron una resolución de mala práctica médica, y de ellos, el 49% tuvo relación causal. CONCLUSIONES: Se está subestimando la importancia y el potencial de los especialistas en Medicina Física y Rehabilitación en cuanto a su empleo en padecimientos no agudos que pudieran ser susceptibles de mejoría sin intervenciones quirúrgicas., INTRODUCTION: Lately, medico-legal processes in Mexico have increased, promoting the practice of defensive medicine, which also underlies the deterioration of doctor-patient relationship. Objective: To determine where does Orthopedics and Traumatology stand in relation to medical dissents presented at the National Medical Arbitration Commission and the main pathologies involved. METHODOLOGY: Retrospective descriptive study. From a universe of 323 cases, a sample of 50 were selected by simple random sampling. A percentage distribution for the interpretation of results was used. RESULTS: The most frequently involved anatomical segment in this sample was lower limb, followed by spine and large joints which has a very important economic and employment impact; 58.2% of the reports had a resolution of medical malpractice, and of those, 49% had causal relationship. CONCLUSIONS: Specialists are underestimating the importance and potential of specialists in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation in terms of non-acute conditions that may be susceptible to improvement without surgery.