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Background: The military is a male-dominated environment and culture in which women veterans can experience significant institutional prejudice. Transition can be confusing and isolating for women veterans. Group programs are an important source of transition support. However, we know little about the specific group program needs of women veterans. Objectives: To examine mental health and well-being support group programs delivered to women veterans, to understand what they value and find most helpful. Eligibility Criteria: Women military veterans (all types); empirical studies using any design; published between 1990 and 2022; group programs focused on transition issues (such as housing, employment, education, physical health, mental health). Sources of Evidence: Peer-reviewed journals and theses. Charting Methods: Six databases searched: Medline (via Ovid SP), PsycINFO (via Ovid SP), EmCare (via Ovid SP), CINAHL, Scopus, and ProQuest. Results: There was significant heterogeneity across 35 included studies in type of groups, program content and structure, length of sessions, measurement of impact, follow-up, and so forth. Most programs were delivered face to face. Physical health and preventative healthcare were important topics for women veterans, particularly reproductive health, mental health, and chronic pain. Groups that included physical activity, creative arts, and alternative therapies were beneficial to women's physical and mental health. Strengths-based women-only groups, facilitated by women, that created safe spaces for women veterans to share their experiences, enhanced self-expression, agency, and self-empowerment. This was particularly important for women who had experience military sexual trauma. Conclusion: This review found a small but diverse range of group programs available for women veterans. Many program evaluations were of moderate or low quality and lacked sufficient information to determine whether benefits were sustained over time. No studies involved Australian women veterans. Despite these concerns, this review highlighted several useful lessons that could help inform improved design, delivery, and evaluation of group programs for women veterans. Plain language summary: Review of women veteran transition mental health and well-being support group programs Women veterans learn to become soldiers, sailors and aviators in a male-dominated environment and culture in which their presence is highly visible, challenged and often subject to institutional prejudice. Transition can be confusing and isolating for women veterans. We know little about the specific needs of women veterans to support them to transition successfully to civilian life. Group programs are an important source of transition and post-transition support for veterans. The aim of this review was to examine the existing literature on mental health and well-being support group programs delivered to women veterans to understand what women veterans value and find most helpful in the design and delivery of such programs. Thirty-five studies were included in this review; 33 of these were conducted in the United States. They were of mixed quality and diverse design. Women only groups were favored. Strengths-based Programs that help to build emotional strengths, agency and empowered women were valued by them. Physical health and preventative healthcare are important topics for group programs for women veterans, as are creative arts and alternative therapies that facilitate self-expression and self-empowerment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Available data suggest that general practitioners (GPs) in Germany use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) modalities more frequently than GPs in many other countries. We investigated the country differences perceived by general practitioners who have worked in Germany and in one of four other European countries with regard to the role of complementary and alternative treatments in primary care. Methods: In this qualitative study we conducted semi-structured interviews with 12 GPs who had worked both in Germany and Italy, the Netherlands, Norway or the United Kingdom (UK; n = 3 for each of the four countries). Participants were asked how they perceived and experienced country differences regarding health system, relevance of CAM modalities, the role of evidence-based medicine (EBM) and science, and how they handle so-called indeterminate situations. For the analysis, we followed a thematic analysis approach according to Braun and Clarke with focus on themes that cover CAM. Results: Participants unanimously reported that they perceived CAM to be more relevant in general practice in Germany compared to the other countries. We identified four overarching themes in relation to the perceived reasons for these differences. Firstly, physicians with experiences in countries with a strong EBM and science orientation (Netherlands, Norway and the UK) considered the deeply ingrained view in national healthcare systems and GP communities that CAM modalities are not evidence-based as the main reason for the lower use of CAM by GPs. Secondly, extensive training of communication skills was cited as a reason that reduced the need for CAM in the Netherlands, Norway and the UK. Thirdly, differences in patient expectations and demands were perceived as a factor contributing to greater utilisation of CAM by German GPs compared to the other countries. Finally, country-specific reimbursement mechanisms were considered as a factor influencing the role of CAM in general practice. Conclusions: The study results point to major differences between countries with regard to the role of CAM in GP care. Differences in basic attitudes in the discipline of general practice, patient expectations and system conditions appear to play an important role here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the principles and application of phototherapy consistent with the current 2022 American Academy of Pediatrics "Clinical Practice Guideline Revision for the Management of Hyperbilirubinemia in the Newborn Infant 35 or More Weeks of Gestation." METHODS: Relevant literature was reviewed regarding phototherapy devices in the United States, specifically those that incorporate blue to blue-green light-emitting diode, fluorescent, halogen, or fiberoptic light sources, and their currently marketed indications. RESULTS: The efficacy of phototherapy devices varies widely because of nonstandardized use of light sources and configurations and irradiance meters. In summary, the most effective and safest devices have the following characteristics: (1) incorporation of narrow band blue-to-green light-emitting diode lamps (~460-490 nm wavelength range; 478 nm optimal) that would best overlap the bilirubin absorption spectrum; (2) emission of irradiance of at least 30 µW/cm²/nm (in term infants); and (3) illumination of the exposed maximal body surface area of an infant (35% to 80%). Furthermore, accurate irradiance measurements should be performed using the appropriate irradiance meter calibrated for the wavelength range delivered by the phototherapy device. CONCLUSIONS: With proper administration of effective phototherapy to an infant without concurrent hemolysis, total serum or plasma bilirubin concentrations will decrease within the first 4 to 6 hours of initiation safely and effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The study aims to determine the vaccination status of children and evaluate the relationship between vaccination rates, vaccine attitudes, and some parental health practices. Design and Methods: This cross‐sectional study was conducted with 674 mothers. Data were collected using a survey evaluating vaccine characteristics, some infant health practices, and The Public Attitude Toward Vaccination Scale—Health Belief Model. Chi‐square test, independent samples t‐test, and logistic regression analysis were used. Results: 80.2% of children were fully vaccinated. The rate of non or under‐vaccination was higher in the group that did not regularly undergo follow‐up for 0–2‐year‐old children, did not fully have health screenings, did not use vitamin D and iron supplements, and used alternative medicine. Moreover, the duration of breast milk feeding, the transition to supplementary food, and the duration of vitamin D use in the non‐fully vaccinated group were lower than in the fully vaccinated group (p <.05). The increase in maternal education period and severity and benefit attitude scores of vaccine attitude were the factors that decreased the rate of non‐fully vaccination. The increase in barrier scores toward vaccines increased the rate of non or under‐vaccination. Conclusion: Mothers who have negative attitudes toward vaccination have negative behaviors in health practices and screenings on infant/child health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Since its academic inception in the 1960s, Germany's general practice has seen numerous dissertations, many of which are housed in the 'Archive of German language General Practice' (ADAM). Aim: This study aims to provide the first comprehensive overview of dissertation topics from the discipline of general- and family medicine in Germany, establishing a foundation for advancing research. Method: We employed a systematic review approach, examining 801 dissertations from both ADAM and online sources. Each topic was identified, categorized, and finalized through consensus by two independent reviewers. Results: Our analysis encompassed 486 dissertations from ADAM, 176 from the German national library, and 139 from university libraries. A total of 167 unique research topics were identified. The predominant themes included medical education (n = 49), medication orders (n = 39), frequent consultation issues (n = 33), complementary medicine (n = 32), and screening measures (n = 29). The use of qualitative methods was constantly rising, from no qualitative methods used from 1965–1974, up to 22% of dissertations in recent years. Conclusion: The diversity of 167 research topics underscores the vastness and complexity of general practice in Germany. This structured overview is pivotal for facilitating focused and interconnected research endeavors in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores the future of aromatherapy as a profession after the COVID-19 pandemic. Topics discussed include ecological sustainability, economic sustainability and social sustainability of aromatherapy, sustainability as a profession, application of sustainable agriculture sustainable aromatherapy practice, strategies for ensuring sustainability, and strategies for sustaining the future of the practice of aromatherapy.

The article explores the effectiveness and potential of aromatherapy for managing anxiety. It discusses the impact of anxiety in social, occupational and other areas of life. It examines the impact of essential oils and aromatherapy on various anxiety disorders including anxiety in academic and work environment, reproductive anxiety, pregnancy and labor/maternity anxiety, preoperative and surgery anxiety, dental anxiety, procedural anxiety and anxiety in cancer and palliative care.

Traditional and complementary medicine has always aided the global population in managing various ailments and its role has been acknowledged by World Health Organization. The G20 is the leading global platform for economic collaboration, influencing international policies across sectors such as agriculture, culture, the digital economy, education, employment, finance, and health to guide resilient global strategies. This study highlights conversations within the health working group of the Sherpa track, focusing in particular on traditional medicines and their diverse intersecting aspects. The information was collected from publications by G20 Indian presidency including G20 communications, think tanks (T20), press releases, speeches, and policy briefs. Throughout four health working group meetings, two side events organized by the Ministry of Ayush, and three joint health‐finance task force meetings, key topics discussed included digital health, Universal Health Coverage, Medical Value Travel through wellness tourism, a One‐Health approach, primary healthcare, Yoga, biodiversity, access and benefit sharing of natural resources, and scientific evidence—all of which were connected to traditional medicines. Unlike past G20 presidencies, the Indian G20 presidency recognize the importance of traditional medicines, marking renewed cooperation in this area. The “Gujrat Declaration 2023” must act as a guiding beacon for crafting robust policies concerning traditional medicines on a global scale. The Ministry of Ayush has excelled in advancing traditional medicine systems across all its sectors through well‐organized and intellectually enriching discussions. Upcoming G20 presidencies should build on the discussions about traditional medicine initiated by the Indian presidency and elevate them to new heights. Considering traditional medicine's unique logic, principals, validity, and largescale patient dependency, efforts should be made to form a dedicated sub‐working group within the health working group to delve deeper into the subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) resists standard therapies, partly due to the androgen receptor variant AR-V7. Conventional treatments like chemotherapy and radiation have limited success and significant side effects. Natural compounds from herbal medicine offer promise as complementary therapies. This review examines how these natural compounds can improve treatment outcomes and reduce side effects, presenting a safer and more effective approach to managing CRPC and overcoming resistance to conventional therapies. Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) remains a significant therapeutic challenge due to its resistance to standard androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). The emergence of androgen receptor splice variant 7 (AR-V7) has been implicated in CRPC progression, contributing to treatment resistance. Current treatments, including first-generation chemotherapy, androgen receptor blockers, radiation therapy, immune therapy, and PARP inhibitors, often come with substantial side effects and limited efficacy. Natural compounds, particularly those derived from herbal medicine, have garnered increasing interest as adjunctive therapeutic agents against CRPC. This review explores the role of AR-V7 in CRPC and highlights the promising benefits of natural compounds as complementary treatments to conventional drugs in reducing CRPC and overcoming therapeutic resistance. We delve into the mechanisms of action underlying the anti-CRPC effects of natural compounds, showcasing their potential to enhance therapeutic outcomes while mitigating the side effects associated with conventional therapies. The exploration of natural compounds offers promising avenues for developing novel treatment strategies that enhance therapeutic outcomes and reduce the adverse effects of conventional CRPC therapies. These compounds provide a safer, more effective approach to managing CRPC, representing a significant advancement in improving patient care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In many societies, infertile couples use traditional practices. Objective: This study aimed to determine the complementary, supportive and traditional (CST) practices used by infertile women and their attitudes toward these practices. Methods: In this qualitative study, data were collected through individual interviews using a semi-structured form in December 2021. A total of 25 infertile women who applied to the in-vitro fertilization center of a hospital in Türkiye participated in the study. The findings were evaluated by thematic analysis. Results: The ages of the participants ranged from 25 to 49 years. Three main themes were obtained by the data analysis; "Reasons for using CST practices," "Complementary, supportive and traditional practices used" and "Opinions on the effect of CST practices." Conclusion: Women resorted to complementary and supportive practices for economic reasons, seeking hope, and environmental pressure. Various herbal cures, dietary practices, and religious methods such as praying and prayer amulets, hacamat (cupping), leeches, and various bodily applications were identified as methods commonly used by women. Women were using these methods with the recommendations of people who are not health professionals. It is important to determine the beneficial methods and increase women's awareness of harmful practices. Additionally, although women use many methods for infertility treatment, it should also be noted that infertility is not a female-only problem. Consequently, childless women should be empowered with healthy coping skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Periodontal Disease (PD) associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic condition that affects the oral cavity of people living with T2DM. The mechanisms of the interaction between type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontal diseases are complex and involve multiple pathophysiological pathways related to the systemic inflammatory process and oxidative stress. Non-surgical periodontal treatment (NSTP) is considered the standard for the management of this disease; however, patients with systemic conditions such as type 2 Diabetes Mellitus do not seem to respond adequately. For this reason, the use of complementary treatments has been suggested to support non-surgical periodontal treatment to reduce the clinical consequences of the disease and improve the systemic conditions of the patient. The use of zinc gluconate and magnesium oxide as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment and its effects on periodontal clinical features and oxidative stress in patients with Periodontal diseases -type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is poorly understood. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was performed in patients with periodontal diseases associated with T2DM. Initially, 45 subjects who met the selection criteria were included. 19 were assigned to a control group [non-surgical periodontal treatment] and 20 to the experimental group (non-surgical periodontal treatment + 500 mg of magnesium oxide and 50 mg of zinc gluconate for oral supplementation for 30 days) and the data of 6 patients were eliminated. Sociodemographic characteristics, physiological factors, biochemical parameters, and clinical features of periodontal diseases were assessed. Results: In this research a change in periodontal clinical characteristics was observed, which has been associated with disease remission. Additionally, a shift in MDA levels was presented for both groups. Furthermore, the supplementation group showed an increase in antioxidant enzymes when compared to the group that only received NSPT. Conclusion: The use of Zinc gluconate and magnesium oxide can serve as a complementary treatment to non-surgical periodontal treatment, that supports the remission of PD as a result of regulation-reduction of oxidative biomarkers and increase in antioxidant enzymes activity. Trial Registration: https://www.isrctn.com ISRCTN 14,092,381. September 13º 2023. Retrospective Registration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Long-term follow-ups of prehabilitation programs for lumbar spine surgery are lacking, and more comprehensive evaluations are needed. In the current study, we evaluated the long-term effects of a prehabilitation program compared with conventional care in relation to lumbar fusion surgery in patients with degenerative disc disease. Methods Patients (n = 118) receiving lumbar fusion surgery were included in a multicenter randomized controlled trial, involving 1 university hospital and 2 spine clinics. The intervention was a person-centered prehabilitation program based on cognitive-behavioral physical therapy that targeted psychological presurgical risk factors, physical activity, and overall health. The control group received conventional preoperative care. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) included assessments at 8 time-points: low back disability (primary outcome), back pain intensity, leg pain intensity, pain catastrophizing, fear of movement, anxiety and depressive mood, health-related quality of life, and patient-specific functioning. Physical activity and physical capacity were assessed at 5 time points. Linear mixed models were used to analyze the effects of the intervention. Results There were no significant differences between groups at the 12- and 24-month follow-ups for any outcome, except for the One Leg Stand test 1 year following surgery, in favor of the control group. There were significant improvements for both groups, from baseline to the 12- and 24-month follow-ups for all physical capacity test and patient-reported outcome measures, except for leg pain and self-efficacy for exercise. Conclusion No long-term effects were found for the prehabilitation program compared to conventional care. Physical activity did not improve over time, despite significantly improved self-reported functioning and physical capacity measurements. Impact These findings have implications for the current understanding of the long-term effects of prehabilitation and suggest that future research should focus on programs promoting physical activity both before and after lumbar spine surgery to decrease the risk of long-term adverse health outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis on the effectiveness of aromatherapy in reducing restless legs syndrome (RLS) in hemodialysis patients. Methods: Using the population, intervention, comparison, outcome, study design framework, a search was conducted of eight electronic databases: PubMed, Cochrane, Embase-Ovid, CINAHL, Web of science, Scopus, PQDT, and RISS. The population was hemodialysis patients, and the intervention included aromatherapy aiming at RLS, compared to control groups receiving placebo or usual care. The outcome measured was RLS, and the study design was randomized controlled trials. Results: The analysis included seven articles presenting results from 10 studies, and the pooled overall effect of aromatherapy on RLS in hemodialysis patients was shown by a Hedge’s g of −1.84 (95% confidence interval: −2.45 to −1.23). Meta-regression analysis revealed greater effectiveness in studies that received funding. Age over 60, lavender oil use, intervention duration of less than 4 weeks, sessions longer than 30 minutes, a routine care control group, and quality assessment score of 10 or less were associated with RLS reduction. Conclusion: The study concluded that aromatherapy is effective for managing RLS in hemodialysis patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cancer is one of the most important societal challenges in the world, with over 23 million new cases/year and 10 million deaths/year, that will only be properly tackled with a stronger focus on prevention. This calls for an informed population, aware of risk factors and willing to adopt preventive behaviors and early cancer screenings. For that purpose, 2' Life-changing minutes was created, the first ever televised Entertainment-Education series on cancer prevention. This study aims to evaluate the impact of 2' Life-changing minutes , a novel E-E format for cancer prevention, on knowledge gains and behavior changes. Two complementary studies were performed involving a total of 1314 participants: a test-screening (TS) study targeting potential viewers of the series, and a natural-screening (NS) study targeting those that spontaneously watched the series on television. We found (i) very high levels of appreciation and narrative engagement, and also willingness to see more episodes; (ii) statistically significant knowledge gains, ranging from 17% to 44%, on all four topics tested; (iii) evidence of effective behavior change. Regression analysis showed that narrative engagement was the best predictor of behavior change [NS: odds ratio (OR) = 3.38, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.70–6.74, p  = 0.001; TS: OR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.13–0.371, p  = 0.018]. This study demonstrates the series' real impact and serves as a proof-of-concept for a novel strategy of cancer prevention that is based around compelling health narratives, rather than information or data, to engage viewers, increase knowledge and induce behavior change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: As populations age globally, there is an increasing prevalence of dementia, with an estimated 153 million living with dementia by 2050. Up to 70% of people with dementia experience dementia‐related psychosis (D‐RP). Antipsychotic medications are associated with many adverse effects in older people. This review aims to evaluate the evidence of non‐pharmacological interventions in managing D‐RP. Method: The search of Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Cochrane included randomised controlled trials that evaluated non‐pharmacological interventions. Data extraction and assessment of quality were assessed independently by two researchers. Heterogenous interventions were pooled using meta‐analysis. Results: A total of 18 articles (n = 2040 participants) were included and categorised into: sensory‐, activity‐, cognitive‐ and multi‐component‐orientated. Meta‐analyses showed no significant impact in reducing hallucinations or delusions but person‐centred care, cognitive rehabilitation, music therapy, and robot pets showed promise in single studies. Conclusions and Implications: Future interventions should be developed and evaluated with a specific focus on D‐RP as this was not the aim for many of the included articles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recognition of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is increasingly growing worldwide. Positive attitudes toward using CAM may reflect an evidence-based understanding and awareness of its common uses and potential abuses, facilitating its sound integration into the society for positive results. This study aimed to identify the level of knowledge, practices, and barriers associated with the use of CAM among medical and nonmedical students. A cross-sectional study was conducted between April 2023 and July 2023 involving a sample group of medical and nonmedical students from King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. A total of 341 students completed the survey. Approximately 53.4% of the participants were medical and 46.6% were nonmedical students. Herbal medicine was the most used among medical students (21%) followed by aromatherapy (12%) and chiropractic (11%), while the most used CAM among nonmedical students was spiritual healing/Quran (19%). The prevalence of good knowledge is higher in medical students compared to nonmedical students in some CAM modalities. In addition, the results show that there are no significant differences in attitudes toward CAM among medical and nonmedical students. Respondents from both groups were keen on gaining more knowledge about all the CAM modalities. It is important to utilize the data from this study for enhancing curricula in university programs and promoting education and practice related to CAM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to review the literature on complementary and alternative therapies, utilizing text mining and trend analysis in nursing research. As CAM becomes increasingly prevalent in healthcare settings, a comprehensive understanding of the current research landscape is essential to guide evidence-based practice, inform clinical decision-making, and ultimately enhance patient outcomes. Method: This study aimed to identify CAM-related literature published from 2018 to 2023. Using the search terms 'complementary therap*', 'complementary medicine', 'alternative therap*', and 'alternative medicine', we performed a comprehensive search in eight databases, including EMBASE, Cochrane Central, PubMed Central, Korea Education and Research Information Service (RISS), Web of Science, KMbase, KISS, and CINAHL. From the text network and topic modeling analysis of 66,490 documents, 15 topics were identified. These topics were classified into two nursing-related topics through an academic classification process involving three doctors with doctoral degrees, three nurses, and three pharmacists. Based on the classified topics, research trends were comparatively analyzed by re-searching the database for 12 nursing and 22 non-nursing literature. Result: This study found that in nursing literature, yoga is used to improve mental symptoms such as stress and anxiety. In non-nursing literature, most of the experimental studies on complementary and alternative therapies were conducted in a randomized manner, confirming that a variety of physiological and objective indicators were used. Additionally, it was discovered that there were differences in the diversity of research subjects and research design methods for the same intervention method. Therefore, future research should focus on broadening the scope of subjects and measurement tools in nursing studies. Additionally, such studies should be conducted with randomization and generalizability in the experimental design in mind. Conclusion: This study employed text network analysis and text mining to identify domestic and international CAM research trends. Our novel approach combined big data-derived keywords with a systematic classification method, proposing a new methodological strategy for trend analysis. Future nursing research should focus on broadening the scope of subjects, diversifying measurement tools, and emphasizing randomization and generalizability in experimental designs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) has been subject of fascination and research for centuries, owing to its diverse culinary and medicinal properties which further afftects its agronomic significance. This review paper delves into the multifaceted aspects of the garlic crop, aiming to unveil the various dimensions that make it truly remarkable botanical wonder. Among the plethora of compounds found in garlic, allicin an organosulfur compound (OSC), has emerged as a focal point of interest for researchers and health enthusiasts alike. Allicin is known for its powerful antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cardiovascular benefits, rendering garlic a potent natural remedy and a valuable addition to realm of alternative medicine. Allicin's synthesis, bioavailability, and mechanism behind its medicinal effects has also been discussed. Furthermore, the impact of various drying techniques on the allicin content of garlic has been examined. As the understanding of allicin's health benefits continues to evolve, this comprehensive review contributes valuable insights into optimizing garlic's drying methods to preserve and enhance the allicin content, thus maximizing its therapeutic potential. By synthesizing existing knowledge, we provide a platform for future research to address gaps in the field of garlic drying technology and its profound impact on allicin retention for various health applications. [Display omitted] • Bioprotective properties of garlic. • Allicin: a potent bioactive compound with diverse health benefits. • Encapsulation improves bioavailability of allicin. • Novel drying techniques reduces loss of bioactive compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Women with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) have fewer eggs than would be expected at their age. It is estimated that 10% of women seeking fertility treatment are diagnosed with DOR. However, the success rate of medically assisted reproduction (MAR) is significantly lower in women with DOR, thus many seek additional approaches. Aim: To explore the health needs of women with DOR, treatment options and experience of treatment including traditional complementary integrative medicine (TCIM). Methods: Anyone with a diagnosis of DOR, living in Australia or New Zealand, aged over 18 were invited to complete an online survey distributed via fertility support networks and social media platforms from April to December 2021. Results: Data from 67 respondents were included. The main aspects of health that were impacted by DOR were fertility (91.0%) and mental health (52.2%). The main treatment recommended was MAR with most women either currently using MAR (38.8%) or having previously used MAR (37.3%). TCIM was widely used with 88.1% of women utilising supplements, 74.6% consulting with TCIM practitioners, and 65.7% adopting self‐care practices. The main reasons for using TCIM were to improve fertility or support pregnancy, and to support general health and well‐being. Conclusions: Women with DOR have additional health needs apart from infertility, most notably mental health support. The main form of treatment utilised is MAR, despite DOR being challenging for fertility clinicians. TCIM was widely used, and respondents perceived benefits related to improving fertility, supporting pregnancy, or improving well‐being through use of acupuncture, meditation, naturopathy, massage, yoga. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cultural beliefs significantly shape societal attitudes toward mental illness, and these social attitudes profoundly impact help-seeking behaviors. Therefore, it is important to focus on understanding and addressing these social behaviors. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of chronic mental illness interpretations based on culture and religious beliefs on non-medical help-seeking behaviors among patients in Türkiye. Methods: The study was conducted from September to October 2023 using an inductive qualitative approach. In-depth face-to-face interviews were carried out with individuals diagnosed with chronic mental illness and their relatives, registered in a state-owned Community Mental Health Center (CMHC) in Türkiye. Using purposive sampling, 13 individuals who met the criteria were interviewed. Thematic analysis was used to identify themes. Results: Three main themes and eight sub-themes were identified, including the reasons for seeking non-medical help (psychological challenges, subjective norms, physical requirements), factors contributing to seeking non-medical help (predisposing factors, enabling factors, and myths), and reflections on the benefits of non-medical practices (perceived physical benefits, perceived psychological benefits). Conclusions: It was concluded that individuals with chronic mental illness and their relatives living in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Türkiye engaged in non-medical help-seeking behaviors and mostly turned to traditional religious practices. Culture and religious beliefs emerged as primary factors leading patients to seek non-medical treatment approaches. Consequently, there is a perceived need to explore non-medical alternative methods across various mental health settings and with diverse samples in future research endeavors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An interview with Isaac Eliaz, founder of Amitabha Medical Clinic in Santa Rosa, California, is presented. Eliaz talks about his training and education in Chinese medicine and the factors that influence his decision to become a licensed acupuncturist. He discusses his research on the protein called galectin-3 and its role in affecting cancer metastasis, sepsis and sepsis-associated acute kidney disease, as well as the ketogenic diet and intermittent fasting, and the development of apheresis.

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a condition characterized by increased pressure around the brain, leading to symptoms including vision changes, headaches, and other neurological issues. The effect of yoga nidra on IIH is still unexplored. This case study investigates the effect of yoga nidra on a 16-year-old female with a known case of IIH with episodic seizures. The patient underwent yoga nidra for six months. The patient's sleep quality, stress, and pain levels were assessed at baseline and after the intervention. The results suggest that yoga nidra had a positive effect in improving sleep quality and reducing the stress level, pain, and reoccurrence of IIH. Hence, future studies with control groups are required to validate the current report findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: RCC has traditionally been considered radioresistant, with surgery being the gold standard for primary localized RCC. However, not all patients are suitable for surgery and percutaneous, non-surgical options are invasive, with significant limitations. SABR is a non-invasive advanced RT technique that delivers high doses accurately. Growing evidence supports SABR as a definitive alternative therapy for medically inoperable patients, those who decline surgery, are unfit for invasive ablation, or are at high-risk of requiring postoperative dialysis. SABR has shifted the renal radioresistance paradigm, widening the therapeutic window. Additionally, SABR is increasingly used for locally recurrent, oligoprogressive, and oligometastatic disease. This review aims to support the use of SABR across various stages of RCC disease and explore future directions. The overall landscape of RCC is promising, and we are confident that our update will stimulate further research in this field and contribute to the advancement of patient care. Renal cell cancer (RCC) has traditionally been considered radioresistant. Because of this, conventional radiotherapy (RT) has been predominantly relegated to the palliation of symptomatic metastatic disease. The implementation of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) has made it possible to deliver higher ablative doses safely, shifting the renal radioresistance paradigm. SABR has increasingly been adopted into the multidisciplinary framework for the treatment of locally recurrent, oligoprogressive, and oligometastatic disease. Furthermore, there is growing evidence of SABR as a non-invasive definitive therapy in patients with primary RCC who are medically inoperable or who decline surgery, unsuited to invasive ablation (surgery or percutaneous techniques), or at high-risk of requiring post-operative dialysis. Encouraging outcomes have even been reported in cases of solitary kidney or pre-existing chronic disease (poor eGFR), with a high likelihood of preserving renal function. A review of clinical evidence supporting the use of ablative radiotherapy (SABR) in primary, recurrent, and metastatic RCC has been conducted. Given the potential immunogenic effect of the high RT doses, we also explore emerging opportunities to combine SABR with systemic treatments. In addition, we explore future directions and ongoing clinical trials in the evolving landscape of this disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Eastern nations, interventions like acupuncture and herbal medicine are often first-line for patients presenting with facial paralysis. Despite the rising popularity of Eastern medicine in Western nations, the literature assessing whether Eastern medicine interventions should be recommended for patients with facial paralysis is lacking. This meta-analysis aims to define what Eastern medicine interventions exist for the management of facial paralysis and assess whether current research supports these approaches as safe and effective. The PubMed and Cochrane databases were reviewed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Inclusion criteria consisted of peer-reviewed studies published between 2000 and 2023 that reported on Eastern medicine, also described as, "complementary" or "alternative" interventions for facial paralysis. Effective and cured rates were the primary outcomes extracted from the literature. Interventions within these studies were categorized into six groups: (1) standard acupuncture, (2) special needle therapies, (3) needle therapy + other alternative treatments, (4) herbal medicine, (5) alternative treatments + Western medicine, and (6) Western medicine alone. A multiple-treatment meta-analysis was performed to assess differences in effective and cured rates. Fifteen studies involving Eastern medicine for the treatment of facial paralysis met the inclusion criteria. No significant differences were found in effective and cured rates across groups. Multiple quality concerns were noted, such as the lack of control groups, blinding, and randomization noted in several studies. Many studies failed to report complications, preventing conclusions from being drawn on the safety of these Eastern medicine interventions. This meta-analysis was unable to support the recommendation of Eastern medicine approaches for patients with facial paralysis. No Eastern medicine treatments, combination of Eastern medicine treatments, or Eastern medicine treatments given with Western medicine were seen to be more effective than Western medicine alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This systematic review aims to critically evaluate and synthesize the economic outcomes of various therapeutic strategies employed to manage cachexia patients. A comprehensive search for randomized controlled trials and observational studies was conducted from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2023, using PubMed, Google Scholar, Clinical Trials Registry, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, British Medical Journal, National Health Service Economic Evaluation Database, and ScienceDirect, following PRISMA guidelines. We assessed the quality of the included studies using the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards reporting guidelines. We identified six high to medium quality economic evaluations in four countries, focusing on cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and HIV/AIDS-associated cachexia. The results indicate that combination management strategies, specifically the use of nutritional supplements and exercise, are more cost-effective than usual care for cachexia syndrome. Additionally, two studies showed that dietary supplements alone were more cost-effective than usual care, and pharmacotherapy alone was more cost-effective than a placebo. Combining several strategies, such as nutritional supplements and exercise, may be the most economically efficient method for managing cachexia compared to usual care or single treatment approaches. However, the restricted and diverse characteristics of the current research hinder the definitive conclusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Small infants experience a myriad of stimuli while in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), with many being painful or stressful experiences, although medically necessary. Purpose: To determine what is known about nonpharmacological developmental care interventions used in the NICU to mitigate procedural pain of infants born under 32 weeks gestation. Search/Strategy: Five electronic databases were searched: Medline, CINAHL, Scopus, Embase and the Cochrane Library. The inclusion criteria were as follows: experimental and nonexperimental studies from all publication years with infants born at less than 32 weeks gestational age; peer-reviewed research articles studying nonpharmacological interventions such as skin-to-skin care, facilitated tucking, nonnutritive sucking, hand hugs, and swaddling; and English language articles. Our search yielded 1435 articles. After the elimination of 736 duplicates, a further 570 were deemed irrelevant based on their abstract/titles. Then, 124 full-text articles were analyzed with our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Findings: Twenty-seven studies were reviewed. Sucrose, facilitated tucking, pacifier, skin-to-skin care, and human milk appeared to lessen pain experienced during heel sticks, suctioning, nasogastric tube insertions, and echocardiograms. All nonpharmacological interventions failed to prove efficacious to adequately manage pain during retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) examinations. Implications for Practice: Evidence review demonstrates that healthcare practitioners should use nonpharmacological measures to help prevent pain from day-to-day procedures in the NICU including heel sticks, nasogastric tube insertions, suctioning, echocardiograms, and subcutaneous injections. Implications for Research: Future research is necessary to better understand and measure how pain is manifested by very small premature infants. Specific research on mitigating the pain of examinations for retinopathy of prematurity is also needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Mastitis is mainly caused by Gram-positive bacteria and usually involves treatment with beta-lactam antibiotics and clindamycin. Oxazolidinones show good results in the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) due to its pharmacokinetic characteristics. We aimed to describe clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients who received oxazolidinones for the treatment of SSTIs of the mammary tissue. Methods: Retrospective single-centre study of patients with a diagnosis of breast infection who received treatment with oxazolidinones as initial or salvage therapy between September 2016 and November 2022. Patients were identified through the pharmacy database. The primary outcome was clinical cure. Results: Twenty-nine patients received oxazolidinones: 27 received linezolid and 2 tedizolid. Median age was 41 years (IQR 31.0–56.5) and 28 patients were female. Ten patients (35%) had a history of breast cancer, while three (10%) had an immunosuppressive condition. Microbiological isolation was obtained in 24 individuals (83%). Predominant isolations were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (8, 28%) and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (7, 24%). Twenty-four patients (83%) received oxazolidinones as a salvage therapy, with a median duration of 14 days (IQR 10–17). Clinical cure was achieved in 24 patients (83%), while 4 relapsed after a median of 15 days (IQR 4–34). One was lost to follow-up. Three patients (10%) were taking selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and one of them concurrently received linezolid for 4 days with no adverse events recorded. Cytopenia during treatment was observed in 2/12 individuals. Oxazolidinones allowed hospital discharge in 11/13 hospitalized patients. Conclusions: Oxazolidinones could be considered as an alternative for treating breast infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Traditional Medical Complementary Therapies is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Traditional Medical Complementary Therapies is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study investigated how Rhus toxicodendron (RT) (6C, 30C, and 200C) can boost the immune system of BALB/c mice that were given cyclophosphamide (CPM), which is an anticancer drug that weakens the immune system. RT, known for its historical use in traditional homeopathic remedies, has demonstrated immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects in various experimental models. To test the immune-boosting effects of RT, CPM (80 mg/kg) was given intraperitoneally to mice on days 4, 8, and 12 of the study but not to the normal control group. CPM-induced immunosuppression led to significant decreases in red blood cell (RBC), white blood cell (WBC), and hemoglobin (Hb) levels, and reduced spleen and thymus indices. Phagocytic activity, cytokine concentrations, and spleen architecture were also adversely affected. RT treatment, particularly at 200C, significantly ameliorated these effects, improving RBC, WBC, and Hb levels. Furthermore, RT partially prevented CPM-induced atrophy of immune organs. Treatment positively influenced cytokine production at both the protein and mRNA levels, restoring immune balance. Histopathological results confirmed that RT stimulated the immune system. The cells were more stable, and the white pulp in the spleen was arranged in a regular pattern. These findings suggest that RT may serve as an adjunctive immunostimulant therapy for conditions characterized by immunosuppression. However, further investigations in other immunocompromised states must validate these results before considering human clinical trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In robotic total hip arthroplasty (THA), virtual range of motion (VROM) modeling allows the surgeon to account for spinopelvic motion and create an impingement-free range of motion that is patient-specific. The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk of dislocation in patients undergoing direct anterior THA using VROM rather than manual ROM trialing. Prospectively collected data was reviewed retrospectively of all consecutive anterior THAs performed by a single fellowship-trained surgeon. No patients were excluded from the study. VROM identified bone and implant impingement, which was recorded in degrees of hip external rotation(ER) at 0° of hip extension (standing), and in degrees of hip internal rotation(IR) at 90° of hip flexion (sitting). No patients had manual ROM trialing performed. Dislocation events were recorded during the first 3 months of follow-up. 362 patients, with a mean age of 67 and mean BMI of 28.8, were included. This cohort, including 154 patients (42.5%) with abnormal spinopelvic motion, demonstrated zero dislocations using VROM. The average ER impingement occurred at 60.9° ER (range 20-90°), and 50.8° IR (range 25-90°). Patients with ER impingement <55° had significantly less acetabular anteversion (16.4° ±3.3°, p < 0.001). Compared to the entire cohort, anteversion of the acetabulum was also decreased in the stuck-sitting subgroup (17.4° ±3.3°, p < 0.001) and increased in the stuck standing subgroup (20.5° ±3.6°, p < 0.001). ER impingement was a stronger predictor of acetabular anteversion than spinopelvic motion category (r = 0.458). Patients with ER impingement <45° (6.4%) or IR impingement <35° (6.6%) were "early impingers". In this cohort of anterior THA patients with a high proportion of abnormal spinopelvic motion, a technique utilizing only VROM produced no dislocations. An impingement-free zone of 45° ER standing and 35° IR sitting is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While research on complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for the general population is expanding, there remains a scarcity of studies investigating the efficacy and utilisation of CAM practices, specifically in the paediatric population. In accordance with the World Health Organization (WHO), the prevalence of the parental utilisation of CAM in their dependents is estimated to reach up to 80%. This literature review identified broad, heterogeneous, and inconclusive evidence regarding CAM's applications and effectiveness, primarily attributed to variance in sociodemographic factors and differences in national healthcare systems. Additionally, the review identified a lack of consensus and polarised positions among mainstream professionals regarding the mechanisms of action, applications, and effectiveness of CAM. This narrative review presents varied results concerning the efficacy of most CAM therapies and their applications; however, some evidence suggests potential benefits for acupuncture, yoga, tai chi, and massage in improving physical and mental health. Moreover, the available evidence indicates that meditation may enhance mental health, while reiki may only influence patients' perceptions of comfort. In light of the intricate and multifaceted nature of herbal medicine, it is imperative to assess its efficacy on a case-by-case basis, taking into account the specific compounds and procedures involved. This comprehensive review serves as a valuable resource for health professionals, offering guidance for personalised healthcare approaches that consider the values and beliefs of patients, thereby facilitating integrated, evidence-based practices aimed at enhancing the quality of healthcare services and patient satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, an Ayurvedic herb rich in withanosides, has anti-cancer and health-rejuvenating properties. These bioactive chemicals, primarily found in the roots, are of significant interest for production in hairy root cultures. In this study, researchers investigated a hairy root line produced by Rhizobium rhizogenes (ATCC 43,057), varying cell density, infection period, and acetosyringone concentrations. The most successful root induction frequency (31.66% ± 2.98%) occurred at a bacterial cell density of OD600 = 0.8 combined with a 20-min infection period and 200 µM acetosyringone. After 25 days, the hairy root culture achieved its highest biomass (5.20 ± 0.15 g/50 mL flask fresh weight (FW)) in MS liquid medium with 3% sucrose. At 30 and 25 days, the greatest amounts of withanolide A (0.824 ± 0.01 mg/g dry weight (DW) and withaferin A (1.292 ± 0.02 mg/g DW) were observed. Hairy roots were further treated with methyl jasmonate (MJ) and salicylic acid (SA) at various concentrations (25, 50, and 100 µM). Notably, the maximum content of withanolide A (2.90 ± 0.08 mg/g DW, 3.86-fold) and withaferin A (3.40 ± 0.01 mg/g DW, 2.61-fold) were obtained in the hairy roots treated with MJ at 100 µM. After 48 h, the content of withanolide A reached 3.16 ± 0.03 mg/g DW (6.72-fold), and withaferin A peaked at 4.32 ± 0.05 mg/g DW (4.59-fold) when treated with 50 µM SA + 100 µM MJ. This study demonstrated that W. somnifera hairy root culture enhances large-scale production of withanolide A and withaferin A.Key message: Optimizing Rhizobium rhizogenes cell density, infection period, and acetosyringone concentrations in Withania somnifera hairy root cultures significantly enhances withanolide A and withaferin A production, offering potential for large-scale commercial production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Increasing levels of distress and barriers to healthcare have coincided with increasing use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM). While mindfulness and movement interventions may improve wellbeing, little research has compared the effectiveness of these two approaches. OBJECTIVE: This single intervention study aimed to (1) explore the effects of two brief, online, self-administered mindfulness and movement interventions on affect and vitality, and (2) establish whether changes in affect and vitality could be predicted by age, gender, general distress, previous CAM experience and enjoyment of the intervention. METHODS: Participants (n = 62) were randomly allocated to follow a brief online mindfulness or movement intervention. Levels of affect (using PANAS) and subjective vitality (using the Subjective Vitality Scale) were measured pre and post intervention. Demographics, experience with CAM and general distress (using the DASS-21) were collected pre intervention, while level of enjoyment (using the ENJOY scale) was measured post intervention. Open-text responses gathered qualitative data on participant experience. RESULTS: Participants completing the mindfulness intervention reported increased vitality and decreased positive and negative affect. Those completing the movement intervention reported increased vitality and positive affect and decreased negative affect. Higher DASS-21 levels were predictive of greater reductions in negative affect. Higher levels of enjoyment were predictive of greater increases in positive affect and vitality. CONCLUSIONS: Differences between mindfulness and movement interventions may indicate that they could have targeted applications. While further research is necessary, these brief, online interventions may provide a sustainable, accessible self-management and wellbeing intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) are being uses more often with cancer patients. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate attitudes, use and influencing factors of CAM among cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on 407 cancer patients in Turkey. The study was conducted during July-September 2021 using a Questionnaire that included a Complementary, Alternative and Conventional Medicine Attitude Scale (CACMAS). Pearson's Chi-Squared Test, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal Wallis, and logistic regression were all utilized. RESULTS: The findings revealed that 76.2% of the participants stated that they used CAM methods while undergoing cancer treatment, and 65.2% of those who did so kept from sharing this information to medical professionals. Phytotherapy was the most common CAM method used by patients. The use of CAM was found to be significantly higher among those who were 55–64 years of age, married, secondary school graduates, non-smokers, CAM users before their cancer diagnosis, and who had a family history of cancer (p < 0.05). The participants' average CACMAS scores were 112.20±16.53. Among those who used CAM during treatment, non-smoking, overweight-obese participants had higher CACMAS scores (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Due to the high prevalence of CAM usage among cancer patients and possible interaction effects with chemotherapy medications, it is important for healthcare professionals to assess and educate cancer patients regarding CAM use. Additional research is needed to determine potential interactions, as well as pros and cons of CAM use during cancer treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mediterranean Nursing & Midwifery is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Acupuncture is a promising treatment for common symptoms after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Our objectives were to explore knowledge, attitudes and beliefs about acupuncture, identify health service needs and assess the perceived feasibility of weekly acupuncture visits among individuals with TBI. Methods: We surveyed adults 18 years of age and older with TBI who received care at the University of Washington. Respondents were asked to complete 143 questions regarding acupuncture knowledge, attitudes and beliefs, injury-related symptoms and comorbidities, and to describe their interest in weekly acupuncture. Results: Respondents (n = 136) reported a high degree of knowledge about acupuncture as a component of Traditional Chinese Medicine, needle use and safety, but were less knowledgeable regarding that the fact that most conditions require multiple acupuncture treatments to achieve optimal therapeutic benefit. Respondents were comfortable talking with healthcare providers about acupuncture (63.4%), open to acupuncture concurrent with conventional treatments (80.6%) and identified lack of insurance coverage as a barrier (50.8%). Beliefs varied, but respondents were generally receptive to using acupuncture as therapy. Unsurprisingly, respondents with a history of acupuncture (n = 60) had more acupuncture knowledge than those without such a history (n = 66) and were more likely to pursue acupuncture without insurance (60%), for serious health conditions (63.3%) or alongside conventional medical therapy (85.0%). Half of all respondents expressed interest in participating in weekly acupuncture for up to 12 months and would expect almost a 50% improvement in symptoms by participating. Conclusion: Adults with TBI were receptive and interested in participating in weekly acupuncture to address health concerns. These results provide support for exploring the integration of acupuncture into the care of individuals with TBI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A significant number of women experience labour without effective pain management and thus suffer from unbearable labour pain to the extent they term labour as the most agonizing event in their lives. Unresolved labour pain can lead to stress, fear, and confusion, which may compromise placental perfusion and lead to birth asphyxia. Although various pharmacological and non-pharmacological labour pain management methods exist, the use of non-pharmacological methods (NPMs) to manage labour pain has remained low in low-resource settings. This paper explored the barriers for using NPMs to manage labour pain by nurse-midwives in eastern Tanzania. Methods: We conducted an exploratory qualitative study with 18 nurse-midwives purposefully recruited from the labour wards of two selected district hospitals in eastern Tanzania. Qualitative content analysis guided the data analysis. Results: Two categories illustrating barriers to using NPMs were generated: individual-level and institutional-level barriers. Individual-level barriers include (i) limited competencies of nurse-midwives on the use of NPMs for managing labour pain, (ii) inadequate exposure to labour pain management practices, (iii) misconceptions about labour pain relief, and (iv) a lack of opportunities for knowledge acquisition. The institutional barriers include (i) a critical staff shortage amidst many clients and (ii) an unfavourable healthcare facility environment. Conclusion: The implementation of NPMs for labour pain management by nurse-midwives in eastern Tanzania faces several institutional and individual barriers. We recommend addressing both supply- and demand-side barriers. Strengthening nurse midwives' competencies in NPMs adoption and use and improving the facility environment to ensure privacy during labour can be a starting point for addressing supply-side issues. We recommend dispelling myths and misconceptions through health promotion education to address demand-side barriers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic-led worldwide healthcare crisis necessitates prompt societal, ecological, and medical efforts to stop or reduce the rising number of fatalities. Numerous mRNA based vaccines and vaccines for viral vectors have been licensed for use in emergencies which showed 90% to 95% efficacy in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, safety issues, vaccine reluctance, and skepticism remain major concerns for making mass vaccination a successful approach to treat COVID-19. Hence, alternative therapeutics is needed for eradicating the global burden of COVID-19 from developed and low-resource countries. Repurposing current medications and drug candidates could be a more viable option for treating SARS-CoV-2 as these therapies have previously passed a number of significant checkpoints for drug development and patient care. Besides vaccines, this review focused on the potential usage of alternative therapeutic agents including antiviral, antiparasitic, and antibacterial drugs, protease inhibitors, neuraminidase inhibitors, and monoclonal antibodies that are currently undergoing preclinical and clinical investigations to assess their effectiveness and safety in the treatment of COVID-19. Among the repurposed drugs, remdesivir is considered as the most promising agent, while favipiravir, molnupiravir, paxlovid, and lopinavir/ritonavir exhibited improved therapeutic effects in terms of elimination of viruses. However, the outcomes of treatment with oseltamivir, umifenovir, disulfiram, teicoplanin, and ivermectin were not significant. It is noteworthy that combining multiple drugs as therapy showcases impressive effectiveness in managing individuals with COVID-19. Tocilizumab is presently employed for the treatment of patients who exhibit COVID-19-related pneumonia. Numerous antiviral drugs such as galidesivir, griffithsin, and thapsigargin are under clinical trials which could be promising for treating COVID-19 individuals with severe symptoms. Supportive treatment for patients of COVID-19 may involve the use of corticosteroids, convalescent plasma, stem cells, pooled antibodies, vitamins, and natural substances. This study provides an updated progress in SARS-CoV-2 medications and a crucial guide for inventing novel interventions against COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Half of all patients with cancer use complementary medicine. Given the benefits and risks associated with complementary medicine use, contact between complementary medicine practitioners and conventional healthcare providers (oncologists, nurses) is important for monitoring the health and well-being of mutual patients with cancer. Research on occurrence of such interprofessional contact is scarce. This study aims to describe complementary medicine practitioners' experiences with contact with conventional healthcare providers about mutual patients with cancer and the importance they attach to patient disclosure of complementary medicine use to their conventional healthcare provider. Predictors for interprofessional contact are explored. Methods: An online survey was administered among complementary medicine practitioners who treat patients with cancer or cancer survivors and who are member of a professional association in the Netherlands. Results: The survey was completed by 1481 complementary medicine practitioners. 40% of the participants reported to have contact with conventional healthcare providers of patients with cancer. Only 13% of the complementary medicine practitioners experienced conventional healthcare providers as open to communication with them. An explorative logistic regression showed that openness of conventional healthcare providers as experienced by complementary medicine practitioners was the most important predictor for the occurrence of interprofessional contact (OR = 8.12, 95% CI 5.12–12.86, p <.001). Most complementary medicine practitioners (82%) considered it important that patients disclose complementary medicine use to their conventional healthcare provider and 49% of the participants always motivates their patients to do so. Conclusions: Interprofessional contact with conventional healthcare providers in oncology occurs but is not routine for most complementary medicine practitioners. More than one-third of the surveyed complementary medicine practitioners experienced conventional healthcare providers as not open to communication with them. The openness of conventional healthcare providers as experienced by complementary practitioners is an important predictor for interprofessional contact to take place. Most complementary practitioners acknowledge the importance of patient disclosure of complementary medicine use to their conventional healthcare provider. Open communication about the topic of complementary medicine use between complementary practitioners, conventional healthcare providers and patients prevents overlooking relevant medical information and facilitates optimal monitoring of health and safety of patients with cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Real-world evidence on the association between natural medicinal products and the recurrence of sleep disorders is currently limited, particularly when compared to the evidence reported for prescription hypnotics. In a retrospective cohort analysis, we investigated patients with sleep disorders prescribed either the natural medicinal product Neurexan (Nx4), benzodiazepines, or nonbenzodiazepines (Z-drugs) using the IQVIA Disease Analyzer database, which encompasses electronic medical records nationwide in Germany. A 1:1 matching procedure based on age, sex, prevalent depression, anxiety or adjustment disorder, and the number of medical consultations in the past 12 months resulted in four cohorts: patients prescribed Nx4 were matched with those prescribed Z-drugs (two cohorts with 8594 matched patients each), and another cohort of patients prescribed Nx4 were matched with those prescribed benzodiazepines (7779 matched pairs). Results from multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models demonstrated that Nx4 was associated with a significantly lower risk of recurrent sleep disorder diagnosis within 30–365 days after prescription compared to both Z-drugs (HR = 0.65, 95%CI = 0.60–0.70, p < 0.001) and benzodiazepines (HR = 0.85, 95%CI = 0.79–0.93, p < 0.001). Additionally, Nx4 was associated with a lower prevalence of depression compared to Z-drugs (HR = 0.90, 95%CI = 0.83–0.98, p = 0.020) and benzodiazepines (HR = 0.89, 95%CI = 0.82–0.97, p = 0.009). These findings suggest an association between Nx4 and improved sleep and mental health outcomes. However, due to inherent limitations in the study design, the causality of this relationship cannot be stated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Medical research in complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has increased recently, raising ethical concerns about the moral status of CAM. Medical academic journals are responsible for conducting ethical review (ER) of manuscripts to protect the interests of human subjects and to make ethical results available before deciding to publish. However, there has been no systematic analysis of the ER in CAM journals. This study is aim to evaluate the current status of ethical requirements and compliance in CAM journals. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. We reviewed instructions for authors (IFAs) of CAM journals included in the Journal Citation Reports (2021) (https://jcr.clarivate.com) for general information and requirements for ER. We also browsed the manuscripts regarding randomized controlled trials published by CAM journals in Q1 and Q2 section from January to June, 2023, to check the actual situation of ethical requirement. Descriptive statistics and Fisher's exact test were used for statistical analysis. Results: 27 journals and 68 manuscripts were ultimately included. 92.6% (25/27) IFAs included keywords of ER, indicating the presence of ethical considerations. However, no specific ER was required for CAM (n = 0). We categorized journals by Geographic origin, JCR section, Year of electronic JCR, Types of studies, % of OA Gold to explore the factors that could influence CAM journals to have certain ethical review policies. The results showed there was no statistical significance in certain ethical review policy in any classification of journals (p > 0.05). All RCT manuscripts included in the study generally met the requirements of the published journals for ethical review. Conclusions: All IFAs discussed ER, but the content was scattered, unfocused, and there were no specific ER requirements regarding CAM. Although the manuscripts basically met the requirements of the journal, it was not possible to get closer to the process of ER in the manuscript. To ensure full implementation of these policies in the future, CAM journals should require authors to provide more details, or to form a list of items necessary for CAM ethical review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This article explored Licensed Clinical Social Workers (LCSWs) beliefs, attitudes, and knowledge of Complementary and Alternative Interventions (CAI). Method: We utilized a cross-sectional online survey among a sample of 193 LCSWs. Results: Approximately 60% of LCSWs assessed for and utilized CAI professionally, and 90% personally utilized CAI. LCSWs had moderately positive beliefs, neutral attitudes, and high baseline knowledge of CAI. Age and years of practice were the only significant correlates, and the only significant predictor for assessment and utilization of CAI was positive attitudes. Discussion: As the largest group of mental health providers, we found that it is vital for LCSWs to have a solid understanding of CAI to provide effective and safe services to the clients they serve. It is hoped that the results of this study will serve as a starting point for future research on CAI among social workers, with the goal of enhancing client-centered practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the joint guidelines developed by the Society for Integrative Oncology (SIO) and the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) regarding the use of integrative therapies to manage cancer-related symptoms. It provides evidence-based recommendations for complementary therapies, including acupuncture, mindfulness-based interventions, yoga, and t'ai chi, aimed at alleviating pain, anxiety, depression, and fatigue associated with cancer treatment.

Background: Ayush (Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy) system of medicine has been extensively used in India for the prevention and management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The present report is the second update of a living systematic review and meta-analysis and has been intended to assess the preventive potential and safety of Ayush drugs against COVID-19. Methods: A search of databases such as PubMed, the Cochrane central register of controlled trials, the World Health Organization (WHO) COVID-19 database, the clinical trial registry-India, the AYUSH research portal, and preprint repositories was performed till March 1, 2023. Randomized controlled trials or analytical observational studies were included. Incidences of COVID-19 infections and mortality were taken as primary outcome measures; and symptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, incidences of hospital admissions, and adverse events were taken as secondary outcomes. The risk of bias was evaluated by version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB-2) and the Risk of Bias in Non-Randomized Studies-of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool. Data were synthesized through the RevMan 5.4 tool, and the certainty of the evidence was ranked through the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Results: Out of 2350 articles, 15 studies were included in the review. The pooled estimate of Guduchi [Tinospora cordifolia (Thunb.) Miers], Chyawanprasha, and Ayuraksha kit was obtained. Meta-analysis of the data suggested that Guduchi may reduce the incidences of COVID-19 infections (risk ratio [RR]: 0.67 [95% confidence interval, CI: 0.48–0.95]) and the symptom development among the infected (RR: 0.88 [95% CI: 0.73–1.08]), however, no change was observed in hospital admissions (RR: 0.96 [95% CI: 0.20–4.53]). It is uncertain that Chyawanprasha reduces the incidence of COVID-19 infection (RR: 0.28; [95% CI: 0.07–1.08]). Ayuraksha kit as chemoprophylaxis may reduce the incidences of COVID-19 infections (RR: 0.49; [95% CI: 0.32–0.77]). The certainty of the evidence was low to moderate mainly due to the serious risk of bias. Conclusion: Prophylactic use of Ayush medicines for populations at risk may help to prevent COVID-19 infection by reducing incidence and severity. However, considering the certainty and fewer studies, high-quality studies are still desired to confirm the efficacy and safety of Ayush chemoprophylaxis for COVID-19. Nevertheless, this update will serve as a torchbearer for policymakers, physicians, and other stakeholders for their decision-making through evidence-based medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Recent years have seen rapid changes to traditional, complementary, and integrative medicine (TCIM) practices in Australia associated with increased interest in TCIM during the COVID-19 pandemic and reorganization of practice delivery methods. This study aimed to update the understanding of the current TCIM workforce in Australia. Methods: Representatives of six TCIM professional organizations developed a survey for e-mail distribution to members. The anonymous online Qualtrics survey was based on previous surveys to identify workforce trends over time. Survey data were analyzed descriptively using Qualtrics and STATA statistical software (version 16). Results: Responses were recorded from 1921 participants. Respondents were predominantly female (79.7%); 71.8% were aged over 45 years. Remedial massage therapists represented 32.1% and naturopaths represented 23.7% of respondents. Highest qualifications were diplomas (37.7%), bachelor's degrees (28.9%), and advanced diplomas (21.8%). Metropolitan locations accounted for 68.1% of practices. Solo private practice was the main practice setting (59.8%); 13.8% practiced in group private practice with TCIM practitioners; and 10.6% practiced with allied health practitioners. Approximately three quarters of respondents (73.9%) saw 0–5 new clients per week; 42.2% had 0–5 follow-up consultations per week. Collaboration rates with TCIM practitioners, other non-TCIM practitioners, and general medical practitioners (GPs) were 68.7%, 24.4%, and 9.2%, respectively. A total of 93% did not suspect an adverse event from their treatment in the past year. Businesses of 75.9% of respondents were reportedly affected by the pandemic. Discussion: Comparisons with previous surveys show ongoing predominance of female practitioners, an aging workforce, a high proportion of remedial massage and naturopathy practitioners, and an increasingly qualified TCIM workforce. There was little change in the very low number of adverse events suspected by practitioners, number of consultations per week, and low levels of income of most TCIM practitioners compared with the average income in Australia. Respondents collaborated at similar rates as in the past; however, more with TCIM practitioners than with GPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The Non-Opioid Pain Alleviation Information Network (NOPAINMN) project was designed to identify, consolidate, and map evidence-based non-opioid and non-pharmacological pain management complementary and integrative health (CIH) modalities for chronic pain management across Minnesota into a searchable and informational website (www.nopainmn.org ). Methods: The Academic Consortium for Integrative Medicine & Health's Pain Task Force White Paper identifying evidence-based research of non-pharmacological pain practice (NPPC) was reviewed and referenced. National and state certifying boards and accrediting organizations for NPPC modalities were accessed to identify Minnesota-based NPPC providers' name, business/health-system affiliation, address, contact information, and credentials. The NOPAINMN website displays these data in a consumer-facing website with searchable fields such as NPPC modality type, and location with varying distances. The website was β-tested by practitioners and stakeholders for optimization. Eight main NPPC modalities and their respective subcategories were identified and mapped: Acupuncture; Integrative Medical Care (Functional medicine consultation and Integrative medicine consultation); Massage Therapy; Mind–Body Therapies (Biofeedback, Clinical Hypnosis, Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction, and Music Therapy); Movement Therapies (Tai Chi, qigong, and Yoga Therapy); Psychology (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy); Rehabilitative Therapies (Physical and Occupational Therapy); and Spinal Manipulation. Results: All information compiled resulted in 17,155 providers/practitioners. Physical Therapy had the greatest number of reported providers (n = 5224), followed by Occupational Therapy (n = 3792), Psychology (n = 3324), Chiropractic (n = 3033), Acupuncture (n = 591), and Massage Therapy (n = 544). The Resource Map included 56 major health systems, 686 facilities, 2651 solo or private group practices, and 14 academic training schools. With web-based cross-referencing, providers and facilities were affiliated and linked with health systems to produce an interconnected mapping system. β-Testing with patients found that the website was reported as relatively easy to use and informative. Conclusion: The website was created to assist individuals, health care providers, insurance carriers, and health care facilities in finding evidence-based information and resources on NPPC to guide, support, and proactively manage and engage chronic pain patients across Minnesota. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this report, we describe a rare case: deep vein thrombosis due to May-Thurner syndrome with a spontaneous pelvic extraperitoneal hematoma. This unique challenge highlights balancing thrombosis treatment and bleeding risk. Endovascular treatment with delayed anticoagulation may be an alternative to surgery for stable retroperitoneal hematoma in May-Thurner syndrome patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cancer centers are increasingly providing complementary medicine as part of an emerging discipline termed 'integrative oncology' (IO). The present study explored factors associated with disparities in referral and adherence to a freely-provided IO program. The databases of three oncology centers in northern Israel were searched retrospectively for chemotherapy-treated oncology patients eligible for referral by their oncology healthcare professionals to an integrative physician (IP) consultation. Demographic and cancer-related variables associated with the referral, and attendance by patients at the consultation were identified, as was adherence to the 6-week IO treatment program (high adherence, attending ≥4 IO treatment sessions; low adherence, 0–3 sessions). Of 4988 eligible patients, 1694 (34%) were referred to the IP consultation, with 1331 (78.6%) attending the consultation of which 766 (57.6%) were adherent to IO treatments. Multivariate analysis revealed lower referral rates among patients speaking primarily Arabic and Russian vs. Hebrew (OR = 3.0, 95% CI = 2.0–4.6, P < 0.0001); males vs. females (OR = 1.94, CI = 1.3–2.9, P = 0.001); those not reporting emotional distress (OR = 1.5, CI = 1.02–2.16, P = 0.037); and older age (OR = 1.04, CI = 1.03–1.06, P < 0.0001). Arabic and Russian-speaking patients were less likely to adhere to IO treatments (OR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.32–0.83, P = 0.006). Patients' ethno-national origin and immigration status (primary language, Arabic and Russian), male gender and older age were associated with lower rates of referral to and attendance of the IP consultation, with reduced adherence to weekly IO treatments. These findings require further study to identify barriers toward diversity, equity and inclusion in IO care, increasing awareness among healthcare professionals regarding the benefits of these services for improving patient wellbeing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]