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The current systematic review aimed to assess the impact of smoking cessation counseling (SCC) on patients’ short- and long-term mortality after acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Aims: To assess the effect of nurse‐guided use of incentive spirometer on postoperative oxygenation and pulmonary complications after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Background: Deep breathing exercises have been shown to improve postoperative lung expansion and reduce pulmonary complications. An incentive spirometer is a deep breathing exercises device that imitates continuous sigh‐like maximal inspiration. Design Randomized control trial, two groups nonblinded parallel design. Methods: A total of n = 89 eligible patients were randomized to either control or intervention group. Patients in the intervention group received bihourly nurse‐guided incentive spirometry for 48‐h postextubation. The endpoints were: the number and duration of hypoxic events during the first 24‐hr postsurgery, pneumonia and pulmonary function parameters. Data were collected May to September 2019. Results: Patients in the intervention group had a significantly lower mean number of hypoxic events with shorter duration and shorter length of stay in the hospital and the ICU. Patients in the intervention group also had greater postoperative forced expiratory volume in 1 second. Conclusion: Nurse‐guided use of the incentive spirometer reduces the risk of pulmonary complications and hospital length of stay after cardiac surgery. Summary statement: What is already known about the topic? There are controversies regarding the effectiveness of incentive spirometers in the prevention of pulmonary complications post‐cardiac and thoracic surgeries.Reports of patients' compliance with use of an incentive spirometer are scarce and inconsistent.Breathing and coughing exercises are considered key to prevent postoperative pulmonary complications. What this paper adds? The use of nurse‐guided incentive spirometry reduces the number and duration of postoperative hypoxic events, shortens intensive care unit and hospital length of stay and improves postoperative forced expiratory volume in 1 second.The use of nurse‐guided incentive spirometry improves consistency of use and enhances patients' compliance. Implications of this research Use of incentive spirometry after cardiac surgery improves patient outcomes.Use of nurse‐guided incentive spirometry is better than routine care as it reduces postoperative pulmonary complications and shortens hospital length of stay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: The purpose of this study was to describe the experiences of Jordanian patients during their stay in intensive care unit (ICU) and to explore associated factors. Background: Various factors can negatively affect patients' experiences and lead to negative consequences that can affect their outcomes. Materials & Methods: A descriptive, correlational design was used to collect data from 150 patients using the Intensive Care Experience Questionnaire through structured interviews after being transferred from medical and surgical ICUs to general wards. Results: The results showed that the longer the length of ICU stay (LOS) (>7 days) the higher frightening experience (r = 0.2, p < 0.05), the lower awareness of surrounding (r = −0.28, p < 0.01), and the lower satisfaction with care (r = −0.22, p < 0.01). The results showed a negative correlation between receiving sedation and awareness of surroundings (r = −0.33, p < 0.01), and recall of ICU experiences (r = −0.23, p < 0.01), and a positive correlation with frightening experiences (r = 0.2, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Health care activities, clinical and socio‐demographic factors can affect the psychological experiences of patients in the ICU. Longer ICU stay is associated with more negative experiences. Relevance to clinical practice: Negative ICU experience leads to poor outcomes and longer ICU stays contribute to such negative experiences. Improving nurses' awareness of patients' experiences during ICU stay would improve nurses' care behaviors, reduce unintended negative experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Post‐operative delirium among cardiac surgery patients is a prevalent complication that associated with multiple negative outcomes. Aim: This study aimed to assess delirium incidence, associated factors, and outcomes for adult patients who underwent elective cardiac surgery. Design An exploratory prospective cohort design was used for this study. Methods: Delirium was diagnosed by the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit. Incidence, preoperative, intraoperative, and post‐operative variables for 245 patients during 3‐month period were collected and analysed. Results: Delirium developed in 9% (n = 22) of the sample. Patients with delirium were significantly older (mean age = 65.7, SD = 8.1), t (243) = −3.66, P <.05); had longer surgery time (mean time = 286.3, SD = 82.2), t (243) = −2.25, P <.05); received more blood post‐surgery (t (243) = −3.86, P <.05); spent more time on mechanical ventilation (t [21.6] = −2.2, P <.05); had longer critical care unit stay (t [21.7] = −4.0, P < 0.05); and had longer hospitalization than patients without delirium. Conclusions: The risk factors associated with development of delirium were advanced age and increased duration of surgery. Negative outcomes associated with delirium were increased duration of mechanical ventilation, increased volume of post‐operative infused colloids and blood/products, increased critical care unit stay, and increased hospitalization. A multifactorial model for delirium risk factors should be considered to detect and work on potentially preventable delirium factors. Relevance to clinical practice: Post‐cardiac surgery delirium leads to longer mechanical ventilation time, increased ICU stay, and prolonged hospitalization. Delirium post‐cardiac surgery is potentially preventable with appropriate identification of risk factors by nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Nursing classification systems are used to report nursing practices and maintain a unified documentation language. Nursing interventions classification (NIC) and nursing outcomes classification (NOC) are among the recognized terminology systems. Aim: To examine the extent of reporting NIC/NOC in nursing research. Design: A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines. Data Sources: A literature search in three electronic databases was performed. Results: A total of (18) articles were included. Nine studies were conducted to describe the commonly used NIC/NOC, six studies validated the effectiveness of classification systems, and two studies compared different nursing classification systems. Conclusion: The available evidence is limited by the quality of the studies. We recommend examining the use of NIC/NOC in nursing documentation using an experimental design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is one of the most prevalent and distressing side effects of chemotherapy among patients with cancer worldwide. Despite continuing advances in antiemetic medicines, nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy remain a substantial therapeutic concern for many patients. However, P6 and Auricular acupressure (AA) have been recognized as potential therapy for managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting., Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of P6 and Auricular acupressure (AA) in reducing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting among patients with cancer. And to explore a prominent and effective evidence-based protocol for implementing acupressure to treat chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting., Method: This systematic review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Several databases were used to search for eligible studies using specific keywords. Only systematic reviews and clinical trials on acupressure for managing CINV among adults with cancer were included. This review covered articles published in English from 2015 to 2022., Results: A total of 14 published studies were included in this review study; 10 articles were trial studies, and the other 4 were systematic review and meta-analysis studies. The quality of 10 included clinical trials were assessed using the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) Quality Assessment Tool for quantitative studies, the overall result showed that 40% of study rated with moderate quality, no study was rated with low quality, and (60%) studies rated as high-quality study. As well as the quality assessment of all review studies showed that the majority of included systematic reviews and meta-analysis with a low risk of bias and high to moderate power of evidence. In all included studies the acupressure was utilized as a primary complementary intervention for chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting. The result of this extensive and comprehensive review the P6 and auricular acupressure is an effective complementary therapy in reducing and controlling chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting among participants with various types of cancer and receiving various types of chemotherapy., Conclusion: The successful and effective application of acupressure in managing CINV for certain types of cancer had been supported in previous literature as a safe, affordable, and non-invasive alternative to pharmaceutical medications. However, standardization guidelines regarding the use of acupressure independently or in combination with other pharmacological therapies to address CINV in various cancers require immediate attention., Competing Interests: Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.