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Organochalcogen chemistry is a well-established field: organosulfur compounds find a wide variety of uses in synthetic chemistry; organoselenium and organotellurium compounds, despite being less prevalent than organosulfur compounds, have established niche uses in synthetic chemistry and are attracting a lot of research interest. Carboranes are three-dimensional boron-rich clusters with delocalized bonding analogous to the aromaticity of benzene and a steric profile similar to adamantane. These unique properties, along with their electronic tunability based on the chosen vertex of functionalization, give carboranes a variety of applications in fields such as medicinal chemistry and materials science. Ortho- and meta-Carborane clusters functionalized with chalcogen atoms at the electron rich B(9) position are relatively unexplored; there has been reports in the 1970’s-1980’s of the synthesis and basic reactivity of these clusters, as well as reports of some applications (Self-Assembled Monolayers, Boron Neutron Capture Therapy) for the sulfur-functionalized clusters, but that is all. In this thesis, the field of B(9)-functionalized carborane chalcogenides has been expanded in two ways: 1) new B(9)-S functionalized reagents have been synthesized and tested for their propensity to undergo B-S bond cleavage, a completely unexplored field in carboranes, and 2) the synthesis and reactivity of a variety of new B(9)-Se and B(9)-Te compounds has been discussed.

International audience

International audience

International audience

International audience; Wasta “connections” has recently become an integral part of HRM in the Middle Eastern public sector, little is known about this intriguing and intricate phenomenon. Despite its central role in shaping and evolving various HRM practices, Wasta remains a relatively obscure topic of research insufficiently dealt with in managerial literature. The purpose of this paper is to develop a model for Wasta from the data grounded in the field, which will offer a deep understanding of the considerations that influence its extent among HRM practices in the Jordanian public sector.

International audience; Recently the study of the social networks and connections in the workplace that came tobe known as “Wasta” in Arab countries has become an intriguing topic of research in the field ofHRM. The ever increasing interest in understanding this phenomenon is due to its widespread inmost Arab countries, and the crucial role that it plays in various aspects of a professional career.Thus the main purpose of this article is to investigate the concept of Wasta by modeling it as aninstitution itself rather than some form of illegitimate behavior, in order to shed a light on boththe concept and the consequences of this phenomenon. Furthermore this paper aims to proposeone hypothesis regarding the potential outcome of using Wasta on the image and reputation of itsusers using the Jordanian public sector as a case study. The results obtained through 27 semi-structureinterviews indicate that government employees who get employed through Wasta areperceived by their colleagues as incompetent, they are also stigmatized with an irreversibly badimage regardless of their real qualifications and performance. Our findings also suggest thatWasta indeed has harmful effects on the performance of public organizations.

International audience; Recently the study of the social networks and connections in the workplace that came tobe known as “Wasta” in Arab countries has become an intriguing topic of research in the field ofHRM. The ever increasing interest in understanding this phenomenon is due to its widespread inmost Arab countries, and the crucial role that it plays in various aspects of a professional career.Thus the main purpose of this article is to investigate the concept of Wasta by modeling it as aninstitution itself rather than some form of illegitimate behavior, in order to shed a light on boththe concept and the consequences of this phenomenon. Furthermore this paper aims to proposeone hypothesis regarding the potential outcome of using Wasta on the image and reputation of itsusers using the Jordanian public sector as a case study. The results obtained through 27 semi-structureinterviews indicate that government employees who get employed through Wasta areperceived by their colleagues as incompetent, they are also stigmatized with an irreversibly badimage regardless of their real qualifications and performance. Our findings also suggest thatWasta indeed has harmful effects on the performance of public organizations.

International audience; The purpose of this article is to investigate the concept of Wasta by modeling it as an institution itself rather than some form of illegitimate behavior to shed a light on both its concept and consequences. Furthermore it aims to propose two hypotheses regarding Wasta based on gender and geographic differences (case study of Jordan). The results obtained through semi-structure interviews conducted with civil servants indicate an important use of Wasta with a higher tendency in men than women, and in rural communities than the capital. They also suggest that Wasta has severe consequences on the performance of public organizations.