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In this work, a newly discovered biomedical grade Magnesium–Lithium–Strontium (Mg–Li–Sr) alloy is machined using electrochemical machining technology. Two main output constraints employed on the research project to evaluate machinability are surface roughness (Ra) and material removal rate (MRR). Changing feed rate (FR), current, electrolyte concentration (EC), and voltage is required in order to carry out experimental experiments. The trials were designed using the Taguchi method. The ANOVA findings show that current is the most significant factor, after voltage as the most significant input parameter in regulating Ra and MRR. The ideal parameter configuration for the CRITIC-linked Deng's similarity approach method was 5 V, 1 A of current, 0.4 mm/min of FR, and 20 g/l of EC. The final product was a 0.0323 mm/min MRR and a 2.61 μm surface roughness. Furthermore, the response variables are anticipated using the adaptive neuro-fuzzy Inference System, which finally results in predictions that are very similar to the experimental results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Engineering education require timely changes in curriculum in order to keep its relevance with technology upgradation. The outcome-based education (OBE) has become a preferred vehicle of education reform through curriculum upgradation. In the College of Engineering King Saud University three reform regimes have been undertaken. Plan A was from 1990-2002, Plan B was from 2003-2007 and Plan C from 2008-2018. Curriculum plans B and C were considered ABET accreditation requirements in their constitutes. The consistent increase in number of students earning GPA from 4.5 to 5 was 2%, 7% and 33% during Plan A, B and C. The increase in mean average GPA of plan B registered 10% increase in comparison of plan A bench mark. However, the mean average GPA of plan C registered significant increase of 34%. The percentages of honor degree holders in each successive curriculum plan A, B and C exhibited increase of 0.9%, 2.1% and 16% respectively. The average number of years taken by the students to complete the graduate program decreased from 6 years to 5.5 years and to 5 years under plan A, B and C respectively. All above parameters exhibited fulfilment of OBE criteria and justifies the modifications in plans of curriculum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current research focuses on nanoparticles' ground-improvement potential using clayey soil mixed with varying amounts of the nanoparticles "Silicon Carbide". With an increase in the amount of nanomaterial, a tendency of improvement has been recorded in liquid and plastic limits, as well as the plasticity index. The maximum reduction in liquid limit (15.8%), plastic limit (13.6%), and plastic index (18.7%) was recorded at 0.25 gm of Silicon Carbide as compared to control (0 gm of SiC). There was a 26.7% and 33.3% increase in the cohesion of soil at 0.25 gm and 0.3 gm of Silicon Carbide, respectively. Furthermore, when the Silicon Carbide content increased from 0.25 gm, the rate of increment of friction angle also increased. It was 87.5% and 137.5% at 0.25 gm and 0.3 gm of Silicon Carbide, respectively. Furthermore, 0.3 gm of Silicon Carbide, is found to be optimal within the scope of the experiment as at this amount of Silicon Carbide both cohesion and angle of friction attained maximum. XRD, SEM, and FTIR were used to confirm the findings. It concludes that by using even a small amount of nanomaterial, an appreciable change in the properties of clayey soil can be obtained in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the fragmentation, degradation pathways and DPs of pirtobrutinib, which have not been previously reported in the literature. The main goal of the current work is to develop, validate, and characterize forced degradation products using LC-MS/MS. An isocratic HPLC methodology was developed for the quantitative measurement of pirtobrutinib at a λ max of 219 nm. The procedure used was straightforward, well defined, proven, and selective. The samples were subjected to isocratic elution using an Agilent Eclipse C18 column (150 × 4.6 mm, 3.5 μ). The mobile phase was supplied at a flow rate of 1.0 mL per minute in a 30 : 70 v/v ratio, containing 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile. A linear response was observed within the 0.0-150 μg mL -1 concentration range. It was found that the limits of quantitation and detection for pirtobrutinib were 0.1 and 0.3, respectively. The method was assessed for system suitability, linearity, precision, accuracy, and robustness in accordance with standard ICH guidelines. It was found that the results were within acceptable limits. A variety of stress conditions, such as acids, alkalis, hydrolysis, oxidation, reduction as well as photo- and thermal degradations, were applied to the drug to test the method's efficiency and stability. Acidic, alkaline, peroxide, and reduction conditions showed significant degradation. Degradation products produced during the forced degradation studies were analyzed and characterized using mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Thus, the proposed method can also be used for the quantitation of pirtobrutinib in the presence of its degradation products., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known personal relationships or competing financial interests that could have appeared to impact the work described in this paper., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)