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Hydradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a highly complex disease with varying severity and many treatment options are proposed. The fact that the disease is related to more than one discipline and lack of scientific controlled studies makes it difficult to conduct meta-analysis and to prepare guidelines. HS occurs in adults and ranges between 0.03-4.1%. According to the incidence of inflammation caused by hair follicle, inguinal region and thigh inner parts, pubic and perineal, scrotal, vulvar, perianal, axillary region, breast gap and bottom and gluteal regions are affected respectively. HS is a disease that has a negative effect on quality of life and its complications are common. There are many environmental factors and personal behaviors affecting the exacerbation of the disease. Various scoring systems have been developed in order to evaluate the clinical classification, severity measurement and treatment efficiency of the disease. Surgical and medical methods, preventive and supportive treatments should be considered in the treatment of the disease. HS treatment has the characteristics that require the cooperation of dermatology and surgery disciplines. A guide is needed to evaluate the clinical, histopathological, laboratory findings and treatment methods of the disease for Turkey. This guide has been created with the collaboration of the team of experienced dermatologists and surgeons. Copyright © 2021 by Türkiye Klinikleri. This is an open

COVID-19 pandemic has a significant impact on public health, whether directly or indirectly. The first case was seen in Turkey on March 11, and the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a pandemic on March 12, 2020. The study aimed to document the effect of pandemic on dermatology outpatient clinics in Turkey. Fifteen tertiary hospitals from 13 provinces were included in the study, which was conducted between January 12 and May 12, 2020. The International Codes of Diseases (ICD-10) categories and patients' characteristics were evaluated before and after the pandemic. A total of 164 878 patients, 133 131 before and 31 747 after the pandemic, were evaluated. The daily hospital applications were found reduced by 77%. The three of the most frequent diagnoses; dermatitis, acne, and psoriasis remained unchanged after the pandemic. While the frequency of herpes zoster, scabies, urticaria, pityriasis rosea and sexually transmitted diseases increased significantly; allergic and irritant contact dermatitis decreased after the pandemic. The applications regarding cutaneous neoplasms were considerably reduced during the pandemic, and this effect was more pronounced in cities with higher COVID incidence. The pandemic caused a noteworthy reduction in the number of patients accessing dermatological care. The pandemic caused significant changes in the frequency of a wide range of dermatological diseases. The application of cutaneous neoplasms is considerably reduced after the pandemic, and this effect was more pronounced in cities where pandemics are frequent. Therefore, the pandemic has resulted on numerous impacts on many critical issues in dermatology and dermatological care. C1 [Kartal, Selda Pelin] Univ Hlth Sci Turkey, Dept Dermatol, Diskapi Educ & Res Hosp, Ankara, Turkey. [Celik, Gokcen] Yozgat State Hosp, Dermatol Clin, Yozgat, Turkey. [Sendur, Neslihan] Adnan Menderes Univ, Dept Dermatol, Fac Med, Aydin, Turkey. [Aytekin, Sema] Univ Hlth Sci Turkey, Dept Dermatol, Haydarpasa Educ & Res Hosp, Istanbul, Turkey. [Serdaroglu, Server] Cerrrahpasa Univ, Dept Dermatol, Fac Med, Istanbul, Turkey. [Dogan, Bilal] Univ Hlth Sci Turkey, Dept Dermatol, Abdulhamid Han Educ & Res Hosp, Istanbul, Turkey. [Yazici, Ayca Cordan] Mersin Univ, Dept Dermatol, Fac Med, Mersin, Turkey. [Cicek, Demet] Firat Univ, Dept Dermatol, Fac Med, Elazig, Turkey. [Borlu, Murat] Erciyes Univ, Dept Dermatol, Fac Med, Kayseri, Turkey. [Kacar, Nida Gelincik] Pamukkale Univ, Dept Dermatol, Fac Med, Denizli, Turkey. [Ozden, Muge Guler] Ondokuz Mayis Univ, Dept Dermatol, Fac Med, Samsun, Turkey. [Bayramgurler, Dilek] Kocaeli Univ, Dept Dermatol, Fac Med, Kocaeli, Turkey. [Dogramaci, Asena Cigdem] Mustafa Kemal Univ, Dept Dermatol, Fac Med, Antakya, Turkey. [Balci, Didem Didar] Univ Hlth Sci Turkey, Dept Dermatol, Tepecik Educ & Res Hosp, Izmir, Turkey. [Saricaoglu, Hayriye] Uludag Univ, Dept Dermatol, Fac Med, Bursa, Turkey. [Serdar, Zehra Asiran] Bahcesehir Univ, Dept Dermatol, Fac Med, Istanbul, Turkey. [Donmez, Levent] Akdeniz Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Fac Med, Antalya, Turkey. [Alpsoy, Erkan] Akdeniz Univ, Dept Dermatol, Fac Med, Antalya, Turkey.

Objective: Pemphigus, expressing a life-threatening blistering disease, result from autoantibodies against the proteins that mediate intercellular adhesion in desmosomes, namely desmoglein 1 and/or 3. The importance of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen (CTLA)-4 in negative regulation of T lymphocytes, which take part in this autoimmune reaction, is well known. Gene polymorphisms regarding this molecule affect autoimmunity. We aimed to determine whether CTLA-4 +49 A/G, -318 C/T, -1661 A/G and CT60 A/G gene polymorphisms cause susceptibility to pemphigus in Turkish population. Methods: We detected genotypes of the single nucleotide polymorphisms for 118 pemphigus patients and 108 healthy individuals with the help of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Results: Distribution of the CTLA-4 +49 A/G, -318 C/T, -1661 A/G and CT60 A/G allele and genotype frequencies did not differ between pemphigus patients and healthy controls (p=0.643, OR=0.931; p=0.847, OR=1.160; p=0.968, OR=0.975; p=0.173, OR=1.303, respectively). Conclusion: We concluded that these polymorphisms are not associated with pemphigus susceptibility in Turkish population. This is the first study investigating the possible role of the 4 CTLA single nucleotide polymorphism in pemphigus susceptibility simultaneously. The role of CTLA-4 -1661 A/G gene polymorphism in pemphigus was not studied previously. © 2017 by the Turkish Society of Dermatology Firat University Scientific Research Projects Management Unit The study was supported by Akdeniz University Scientific Research Projects Unit. The paper was presented as oral presentation at the ?Meeting of the Autoimmune Blistering Diseases Genetics Consortia?, The International Pre IID Satellite Symposium on Autoimmune Bullous Diseases. 6-7 May 2013 L?beck, Germany. Special Thanks: We want to state that it is an honour to thank Prof. Olcay Ye?in, from the department of pediatric immunology in Akdeniz University, from our hearts, who inspired us to do this scientific search in addition to many others and helped so much in immunological laboratory studies.Financial Disclosure: The authors declared that this study received no financial support.

WOS: 000184233700001 PubMed ID: 12928538 Although Behcet's disease is mainly diagnosed during the reproductive periods of life, we know little about the influence of pregnancy on the clinical course of Behcet's disease. Therefore, we analyzed the relationship between Behcet's disease and pregnancy retrospectively, in order to detect any possible interaction between the two multisystemic processes, particularly in regard to the influence of pregnancy on the clinical course of Behcet's disease. We studied 44 pregnancies in 28 women with Behcet's disease. The diagnoses were made according to the criteria of the International Study Group for Behcet's disease. The patients were observed during pregnancy and puerperium periods at monthly intervals. The existence and incidence of symptoms were recorded during these periods. There was remission of Behcet's disease during 23 (52.3%) pregnancies, although the disease had been in a stage of exacerbation before pregnancy. The disease became exacerbated during 12 (27.3%) pregnancies, although it had been in a stage of remission before pregnancy. There were no changes in the clinical course of Behcet's disease in 9 (20.4%) pregnancies. The most frequent manifestations of the clinical exacerbation were increases in the intensity and severity of outbreaks of oral ulcers during pregnancy. Outbreaks of genital ulcers, eye inflammations, and arthritis were other signs of exacerbation. Other than spontaneous abortion in three patients, we did not observe maternal or fetal complications. Although Behcet's disease tends toward remission during pregnancy, the influence of pregnancy on its clinical course is quite variable between patients and even during different pregnancies in the same patient. On the basis of our and previous results, we speculate that pregnancy in general does not seem to markedly affect the natural course of Behcet's disease.