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Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of a 0.03% chlorhexidine and 0.05% cetylpyridinium chloride mouth rinse, as an adjunct to professionally and patient-administered mechanical plaque removal, in the treatment of peri-implant mucositis (PiM). Material and methods: Patients displaying PiM in, at least, one implant were included in this randomized, double-blinded, clinical trial. Subjects received professional prophylaxis (baseline and 6 months) and were instructed to regular oral hygiene practices and to rinse, twice daily, with the test or placebo mouth rinses, during one year. Clinical, radiographic and microbiological outcomes were evaluated at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Disease resolution was defined as absence of bleeding on probing (BOP). Data were analysed by repeated measures ANOVA, Student's t and chi-square tests. Results: Fifty-four patients were included and 46 attended the final visit (22 in control and 24 in test group). In the test group, there was a 24.49% greater reduction in BOP at the buccal sites (95% confidence interval [3.65-45.34%]; p = 0.002) than in controls. About 58.3% of test implants and 50% controls showed healthy peri-implant tissues at final visit (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The use of the test mouth rinse demonstrated some adjunctive benefits in the treatment of PiM. Complete disease resolution could not be achieved in every case. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03533166. Keywords: chlorhexidine; dental implant; mouth rinse; peri-implant diseases; peri-implant mucositis., Depto. de Especialidades Clínicas Odontológicas, Fac. de Odontología, TRUE, pub

Treatment of periodontitis aims at preventing further disease progression with the intentions to reduce the risk of tooth loss, minimize symptoms and perception of the disease, possibly restore lost periodontal tissue and provide information on maintaining a healthy periodontium. Therapeutic intervention includes introduction of techniques to change behavior, such as: individually tailored oral-hygiene instructions; a smoking-cessation program; dietary adjustment; subgingival instrumentation to remove plaque and calculus; local and systemic pharmacotherapy; and various types of surgery. No single treatment option has shown superiority, and virtually all types of mechanical periodontal treatment benefit from adjunctive antimicrobial chemotherapy. Periodontal treatment, because of the chronic nature of periodontitis, is a lifelong commitment to intricate oral-hygiene techniques, which, when properly implemented, will minimize the risk of disease initiation and progression., Depto. de Especialidades Clínicas Odontológicas, Fac. de Odontología, TRUE, pub

Treatment of periodontitis aims at preventing further disease progression with the intentions to reduce the risk of tooth loss, minimize symptoms and perception of the disease, possibly restore lost periodontal tissue and provide information on maintaining a healthy periodontium. Therapeutic intervention includes introduction of techniques to change behavior, such as: individually tailored oral-hygiene instructions; a smoking-cessation program; dietary adjustment; subgingival instrumentation to remove plaque and calculus; local and systemic pharmacotherapy; and various types of surgery. No single treatment option has shown superiority, and virtually all types of mechanical periodontal treatment benefit from adjunctive antimicrobial chemotherapy. Periodontal treatment, because of the chronic nature of periodontitis, is a lifelong commitment to intricate oral-hygiene techniques, which, when properly implemented, will minimize the risk of disease initiation and progression., Depto. de Especialidades Clínicas Odontológicas, Fac. de Odontología, TRUE, pub

Objective: To critically evaluate the existing literature on acute lesions occurring in the periodontium (periodontal abscesses [PA], necrotizing periodontal diseases [NPD], and endo-periodontal lesions [EPL]) to determine the weight of evidence for the existence of specific clinical conditions that may be grouped together according to common features. The ultimate goal is to support an objective classification system. Importance: Although PA, NPD, and EPL occur with relatively low frequency, these lesions are of clinical relevance, because they require immediate management and might severely compromise the prognosis of the tooth. Findings: In general, the evidence available to define these three conditions was considered limited. PA and EPL are normally associated with deep periodontal pockets, bleeding on probing, suppuration, and almost invariably, with pain. EPL are also associated with endodontic pathology. NPDs have three typical features: pain, bleeding, and ulceration of the gingival interdental papilla. The available data suggested that the prognosis of PA and EPL are worse in periodontitis than in nonperiodontitis patients. Lesions associated with root damage, such as fractures and perforations, had the worst prognosis. NPD progression, extent and severity mainly depended on host-related factors predisposing to these diseases. Conclusions: PA should be classified according to the etiological factors involved, with the most frequent being those occurring in pre-existing periodontal pockets. NPD are clearly associated with the host immune response, which should be considered in the classification system for these lesions. EPLs should be classified according to signs and symptoms that have direct impact on their prognosis and treatment, such as presence or absence of fractures and perforations, and presence or absence of periodontitis., Depto. de Especialidades Clínicas Odontológicas, Fac. de Odontología, TRUE, pub

Context. Scaling and root planing (SRP) is the gold standard treatment for most patients with chronic periodontitis. Nevertheless, in the last years, different therapeutic strategies have been proposed to improve the results of SRP and hence to avoid the need of periodontal surgical interventions in some patients with advanced periodontitis. They are based on modifications of standard therapies (such as enhancement of instrument tip designs), on development of new technologies (such as lasers), or development of alternative treatment protocols (eg, full-mouth disinfection). The purpose of this review is, therefore, to update the scientific evidence based on randomized clinical trials (RCT) evaluating these advanced nonsurgical therapies that have been published between January 2010 and March 2012. Evidence Acquisition. RCTs published between January 2010 and March 2012 have been selected. Previous systematic reviews were used as a start point. Three distinct aspects were evaluated independently: the modification of conventional instruments, the advent of new technologies, and the development of new treatment protocols. Evidence Synthesis. Twenty-two publications were selected: 4 were related to modifications of standard therapies (new tip designs and local anesthetics), 14 to new technologies (new ultrasonic devices, air abrasive systems, endoscope and lasers), and 4 to new treatment protocols. Conclusions. These technological advances and the development of new protocols may improve patient-related outcomes and cost-effectiveness, although they have not shown significant differences in efficacy when compared with conventional SRP., Depto. de Especialidades Clínicas Odontológicas, Fac. de Odontología, TRUE, pub

Objective: To compare the effect of two newly formulated chlorhexidine (CHX) and cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) mouthrinses after scaling and root planing (SRP) in terms of clinical, microbiological, patient-based variables and adverse events, with a positive control with the same active components, already marketed and tested. Methods: A pilot, randomized clinical trial, double-blind, parallel design with 1-month follow-up was conducted. Chronic periodontitis patients requiring non-surgical periodontal therapy were enrolled and randomly assigned to: (i) SRP and test-1 (new reformulation: 0.12% CHX and 0.05% CPC); (ii) SRP and test-2 (new formulation: 0.03% CHX and 0.05% CPC); or (iii) SRP and positive control (commercial product: 0.12% CHX and 0.05% CPC). All variables were evaluated at baseline and 1 month after SRP. Quantitative variables were compared by means of anova or Kruskal-Wallis test and qualitative variables by chi-square or McNemar tests. Results: Thirty patients (10 per group) were included. After 1 month, there were significant differences among groups in plaque levels (P = 0.016) as test-1 showed less sites with plaque than test-2 (31.15% [standard error-SE 2.21%] versus 49.39% [SE 4.60%), respectively). No significant differences were found for global patient perception of the product or in adverse effects. Test groups showed better results in levels and proportions (P = 0.022) of Capnocytophaga spp. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this pilot study, it can be concluded that the newly formulated 0.12% CHX and 0.05% CPC mouthrinse showed larger plaque level reductions, without showing more adverse effects, when compared to the other two mouthrinses, after SRP., This study was supported by Dentaid (Cerdanyola del Vall es, Barcelona, Spain) through a grant to the ETEP Research Group, Depto. de Especialidades Clínicas Odontológicas, Fac. de Odontología, TRUE, pub

Aim: To assess the efficacy of a 0.07% cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) mouth rinse in the control of plaque and gingival inflammation during a 6-month period. Material and methods: Adult subjects with moderate gingivitis were selected [≥40% bleeding on marginal probing (BOMP)]. After retrieving microbiological samples and evaluating the clinical parameters (plaque, BOMP and stain indexes), a professional prophylaxis was performed and subjects were randomly assigned to the test (CPC mouth rinse) or to the placebo group. Subjects were re-assessed after 3 and 6 months. Results: A total of 67 patients (35 test, 32 placebo) were included in the analysis. At 6 months, intra-group significant plaque reductions were observed in the test group (0.691, p < 0.001), but not in the placebo (0.181, p = 0.653). At 6 months, the mean BOMP values were lower in the test group (p = 0.052). Changes between baseline and 6 months were significantly higher in the test group both for plaque (p = 0.002) and BOMP (p = 0.037) when compared with the placebo. A microbiological impact was observed in the test group, especially for Prevotella intermedia. Conclusion: The evaluated 0.07% CPC-based mouth rinse, used three times per day adjunctively to mechanical tooth cleaning, prevents plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation, as compared to the placebo, for at least 6 months., Depto. de Especialidades Clínicas Odontológicas, Fac. de Odontología, TRUE, pub

Objectives: The aim was to answer three relevant questions: can systemic antimicrobials be efficacious if the biofilm is not disrupted? Can the type of debridement of the subgingival biofilm impact upon the clinical outcomes of the adjunctive antimicrobial therapy? Is the efficacy of the adjunctive systemic antimicrobial therapy dependent on the quality of the debridement of the subgingival biofilm and the sequence debridement–antibiotic usage? Material and Methods: Relevant papers were searched, critically analysed and their data were extracted. Results: For the first question, studies assessing susceptibility of bacteria in biofilms, and clinical studies evaluating systemic antimicrobials as monotherapy, were reviewed. For the second question, clinical studies comparing systemic antimicrobials as adjuncts to non-surgical debridement or to periodontal surgery and clinical trials using systemic antibiotics with periodontal surgery were evaluated. For the third question, a previous systematic review was updated. Conclusion: If systemic antimicrobials are indicated in periodontal therapy, they should be adjunctive to mechanical debridement. There is not enough evidence to support their use with periodontal surgery. Indirect evidence suggests that antibiotic intake should start on the day of debridement completion, debridement should be completed within a short time (preferably <1 week) and with an adequate quality, to optimize the results., Depto. de Especialidades Clínicas Odontológicas, Fac. de Odontología, TRUE, pub

Objective: To assess the clinical, microbiological, and patient-based effects of using a cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) toothpaste and mouth rinse in orthodontic patients. Design: Parallel randomized controlled, triple-blinded trial (participants, examiners, outcomes' assessors). A computer-generated list was used to allocate treatments. Central allocation was used for concealment. Participants: Thirty-one placebo (10 males, 21 females; mean age 15.2 ± 2.1) and 32 test patients (15 males, 17 females; mean age 15.0 ± 1.8) with fixed orthodontic appliance were included in the study. Interventions: Patients were randomly assigned to both brush and rinse with placebo or with CPC-based products. Products were purposely prepared in white opaque bottles. After screening and professional prophylaxis, patients received a baseline examination, and started to use the assigned products. Patients were monthly assessed during a 3-month period. Main outcome measures: Plaque (PlI) and gingival (GI) indexes. Secondary outcome variables: Calculus index, tooth staining, subgingival microbiological samples, patient-based variables (questionnaire, compliance, and remaining mouth rinse), side-effects (debonded braces or mucosal injuries). Results: Sixty-three patients were randomized, 13 patients were excluded from analysis because of early dropout, leaving 50 patients for intention to treat analysis. PlI in the upper jaw diminished (0.18; SD = 0.82) after 1 month in the test group, while it increased (0.26; SD = 0.62) in the placebo group (P = 0.024). Statistically significant higher GI values were observed in the placebo group at 1 month (mean increase = 0.05; SD = 0.33 versus mean decrease = 0.03; SD = 0.38) and 3 months (mean = 0.05; SD = 0.43 versus mean = 0.02; SD = 0.34). The taste of the test product was rated higher than the placebo at 2- and 3-month visits (P < 0.05). Non-significant changes were observed in microbiological parameters, overgrowth of opportunistic species or rem, Depto. de Especialidades Clínicas Odontológicas, Fac. de Odontología, TRUE, pub

Received: 23 August 2022; Accepted: 19 September 2022; Published: 22 September 2022, Multiple toothbrush designs have been developed to enhance dental biofilm removal and decrease bacterial contamination and retention over time. Therefore, the aim of this clinical study was to compare the efficacy of a prototype of a new double-sided thermoplastic polyurethane-based toothbrush with that of a conventional nylon-bristle toothbrush. A crossover study was conducted in systemically healthy volunteers (n = 24) for two one-week periods plus one washout week. As outcome variables, plaque and gingival indices, total bacterial contamination of the toothbrushes by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and patient-reported outcomes were measured. Clinical and microbiological variables were analysed using a general linear model and Friedman and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. No statistically significant differences between toothbrushes were detected neither for full-mouth PlI (p > 0.05) nor for GI (p > 0.05). Similarly, no statistically significant differences were detected for bacterial contamination after 40 seconds or 1 week of use, with results expressed either in CFU/mL or in CFU/mm2 (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the tested prototype toothbrush was as effective and safe as the control toothbrush, and the participating subjects did not experience any adverse effects from its use and rated its efficiency and effectiveness in cleaning their teeth as satisfactory., Universidad Complutense de Madrid (España), Ziz Dental Care SL (Madrid, España), Unidad Docente de Anatomía y Embriología, Depto. de Especialidades Clínicas Odontológicas, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, Fac. de Odontología, TRUE, pub

La Agenda 2030 de Desarrollo Sostenible UCM establece como objetivos el fomento de una educación inclusiva, equitativa y de calidad, y promover oportunidades de aprendizaje durante toda la vida. En ello, las Bibliotecas tienen un papel clave debido a su competencia en proporcionar herramientas a la persona para acceder, evaluar y aplicar la información existente en una situación determinada. Por ello, desde el curso 2019-2020, nuestro grupo se ha propuesto fomentar las Tecnologías de la Información y de la Comunicación (TICs) en la Facultad de Odontología para que sus integrantes se adapten a las actuales tendencias tecnológicas para alcanzar objetivos. Durante el curso académico 2021-2022 se ha desarrollado un plan para la inclusión y fomento del uso de la Biblioteca entre el alumnado con el objetivo de asentar las bases para el desarrollo del aprendizaje permanente de forma temprana y lograr un mayor beneficio durante toda la vida.

Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de hipersensibilidad dentinaria (HD) en pacientes mayores de 18 años que acudieron a la Facultad de Odontología de la UCM, además de determinar la prevalencia del desgaste dental y analizar los factores de riesgo de higiene oral y estilo de vida asociados a estas dos condiciones. Material y métodos: estudio epidemiológico, observacional, transversal, parte de un estudio multicéntrico europeo en el que se incluyeron casos de forma consecutiva. Se utilizó un cuestionario en el que el paciente contestaba preguntas acerca de sus hábitos de higiene oral y estilo de vida. Posteriormente, se realizó un examen clínico para determinar la presencia de HD y desgaste dental. Para la HD se utilizaron dos índices; el índice de Schiff y un índice binario (presencia o ausencia de HD), mientras que para el desgaste dental se utilizó el índice BEWE (Basic Erosive Wear Examinarion). Resultados: se reclutaron un total de 249 pacientes de los cuales el 61% eran mujeres. El rango de edad fue de 18-84 años. La prevalencia de HD fue del 48,2%, tanto para el índice de Schiff como para el índice binario. La prevalencia de desgaste dental fue del 63,5%. Se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas para la variable edad. Se encontraron como posibles factores de riesgo para la HD, el reflujo y los vómitos. Para el desgaste dental se presentaron como posibles factores de riesgo el uso de cepillo eléctrico, no haber tenido ortodoncia, y el reflujo gastroesofágico. Además, se observó que existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas en cuanto a la HD en los pacientes que tienen desgaste dental y los que no. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de la HD fue del 48,2% y la del desgaste dental del 63,5%. Parece que estas dos condiciones están relacionadas entre sí. La odds de HD es 7,38 veces superior para los pacientes que tienen desgaste dental., Objective: To determine the prevalence of dentin hypersensitivity (HD) in patients over 18 years of age who attended the UCM School of Dentistry, to determine the prevalence of dental wear and to analyze the associated oral hygiene and lifestyle risk factors to these two conditions. Material and methods: epidemiological, observational, cross-sectional study, part of a European multicenter study in which consecutive cases were included. A questionnaire was used in which patients answered questions about their oral hygiene habits and lifestyle. Subsequently, a clinical examination was performed to determine the presence of HD and dental wear. For HD, two indices were used; the Schiff index and a binary index (presence or absence of HD), while BEWE (Basic Erosive Wear Examination) index was used for dental wear. Results: A total of 249 patients were recruited, of which 61% were women. The age range was 18-84 years. The prevalence of HD was 48.2%, both for the Schiff index and for the binary index. The prevalence of dental wear was 63.5%. Statistically significant differences were observed for the age variable. Reflux and vomiting were found as possible risk factors for HD. For dental wear, the use of an electric brush, not having had orthodontics, and gastroesophageal reflux were presented as possible risk factors. In addition, it was observed that there are statistically significant differences in terms of HD in patients who have dental wear and those who do not. Conclusions: The prevalence of HD was 48.2% and that of dental wear was 63.5%. It seems that these two conditions are related to each other. The odds of HD is 7.38 times higher for patients with dental wear

This research was part of the activities of Dentaid Extraordinary Chair in Periodontal Research (Cátedra Extraordinaria Dentaid en Investigación Periodontal, University Complutense of Madrid, Spain)., Microbial biofilm modeling has improved in sophistication and scope, although only a limited number of standardized protocols are available. This review presents an example of a biofilm model, along with its evolution and application in studying periodontal and peri-implant diseases. In 2011, the ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases) research group at the University Complutense of Madrid developed an in vitro biofilm static model using representative bacteria from the subgingival microbiota, demonstrating a pattern of bacterial colonization and maturation similar to in vivo subgingival biofilms. When the model and its methodology were standardized, the ETEP research group employed the validated in vitro biofilm model for testing in different applications. The evolution of this model is described in this manuscript, from the mere observation of biofilm growth and maturation on static models on hydroxyapatite or titanium discs, to the evaluation of the impact of dental implant surface composition and micro-structure using the dynamic biofilm model. This evolution was based on reproducing the ideal microenvironmental conditions for bacterial growth within a bioreactor and reaching the target surfaces using the fluid dynamics mimicking the salivary flow. The development of this relevant biofilm model has become a powerful tool to study the essential processes that regulate the formation and maturation of these important microbial communities, as well as their behavior when exposed to different antimicrobial compounds., Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Depto. de Medicina, Fac. de Medicina, TRUE, pub

Se propuso y se llevó a cabo un plan de acción estratégico para la mejora de las competencias digitales en el profesorado. En él se estableció una acción conjunta por parte de la Facultad de Odontología de la UCM junto con la Biblioteca de dicha Facultad. La acción consistió en la implementación de un programa de cursos de interés para el Personal Docente e Investigador, con el fin de proporcionar herramientas de apoyo a la docencia y de desarrollar estrategias de aprendizaje efectivas, inclusivas e innovadoras.

Este proyecto tenía como objetivo desarrollar una guía para proyectos de Aprendizaje Servicio (ApS) en Odontología, que siguiera una metodología estructurada, para asegurar la calidad de este tipo de programas. Para ello, se estableció en un principio desarrollar cinco capítulos que hicieran referencia específicamente a cada una de las etapas en las que se organiza un proyecto de ApS, es decir, investigación, planificación y preparación, acción, reflexión y evaluación, y celebración. El producto final ha consistido en una obra de dos partes, donde la primera sección describe detalladamente las fases básicas de un proyecto de ApS, acompañadas por hojas de trabajo para guiar la metodología. La segunda parte narra la experiencia práctica que se ha llevado a cabo en la Facultad de Odontología de la UCM.

El objetivo de este proyecto es analizar las causas por las que los potenciales usuarios de la Biblioteca no acceden a los recursos y servicios que ésta oferta. Para ello, en este trabajo investigamos las necesidades de formación de los usuarios y los problemas que se encuentran para acceder a estos recursos.

El programa de aprendizaje-servicio realizado ha permitido que el estudiante construya su propio aprendizaje y, por lo tanto, el aprendizaje académico ha mejorado el servicio ofrecido. Hemos preparado a los estudiantes para que sepan participar de forma activa en la sociedad; y hemos generado en ellos una serie de valores que dentro del aula son más difíciles de conseguir, como empatía, responsabilidad social, liderazgo, etc.

Este proyecto pretende mejorar el rendimiento de los estudiantes, independientemente de su nivel de conocimientos y, a la vez, mejorar su motivación y su compromiso con la asignatura de Periodoncia. Para ello se construye una serie de actividades pre-clase adaptadas al nivel del 2º curso de Grado en Odontología.

Entorno interactivo en inglés,para permitir al alumno valorar de manera objetiva e integrada su aprendizaje en la asignatura de Periodoncia, de forma totalmente interactiva.Se realizará una evaluación de este medio virtual de aprendizaje y enseñanza.

El tratamiento de ortodoncia es frecuente en pacientes jóvenes por su elevada prevalencia de maloclusión. La aparatología fija en la cavidad oral favorece el acúmulo de placa bacteriana, con el riesgo de desarrollo de caries y gingivitis. Una estrategia complementaria al cepillado en estos pacientes es el uso de agentes antimicrobianos. El cloruro de cetilpiridinio (CPC) ha demostrado ser reductor de la formación de placa y gingivitis. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la eficacia clínica y microbiológica del CPC al 0,05 por ciento en pasta y colutorio en pacientes portadores de ortodoncia fija, sus posibles efectos adversos y percepción subjetiva del producto. En este estudio clínico a 3 meses, aleatorio y doble ciego, se asignaron 32 pacientes al grupo test (B) y 31 al grupo placebo (A). El grupo B utilizó 2 veces al día un enjuague y pasta con CPC, y el grupo A utilizó los mismos productos sin el agente activo. Cada mes se registraron índices de placa (IP) y gingivitis (IG), se tomaron muestras microbiológicas subgingivales en las visita basal y final, cada mes se registraron intensidad y área de tinción, y respuestas a un cuestionario. Se observaron valores de IG significativamente mayores en el grupo A en los meses 1 y 3. El IP disminuyó en el grupo B a 1 mes, existiendo diferencias estadísticamente significativas con el grupo A. No hubo diferencias en los parámetros microbiológicos, ni se detectó sobrecrecimiento de especies oportunistas. Fue mejor el sabor del producto test a 2 y 3 meses. No hubo diferencias entre grupos en los posibles efectos adversos. El uso de pasta y colutorio con CPC al 0,05 por ciento en pacientes jóvenes portadores de aparatología fija ortodóncica fue eficiente en la reducción de placa y gingivitis, no presentó efectos adversos asociados, y a los pacientes les gusto su sabor.

El tratamiento de ortodoncia es frecuente en pacientes jóvenes por su elevada prevalencia de maloclusión. La aparatología fija en la cavidad oral favorece el acúmulo de placa bacteriana, con el riesgo de desarrollo de caries y gingivitis. Una estrategia complementaria al cepillado en estos pacientes es el uso de agentes antimicrobianos. El cloruro de cetilpiridinio (CPC) ha demostrado ser reductor de la formación de placa y gingivitis. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la eficacia clínica y microbiológica del CPC al 0,05 por ciento en pasta y colutorio en pacientes portadores de ortodoncia fija, sus posibles efectos adversos y percepción subjetiva del producto. En este estudio clínico a 3 meses, aleatorio y doble ciego, se asignaron 32 pacientes al grupo test (B) y 31 al grupo placebo (A). El grupo B utilizó 2 veces al día un enjuague y pasta con CPC, y el grupo A utilizó los mismos productos sin el agente activo. Cada mes se registraron índices de placa (IP) y gingivitis (IG), se tomaron muestras microbiológicas subgingivales en las visita basal y final, cada mes se registraron intensidad y área de tinción, y respuestas a un cuestionario. Se observaron valores de IG significativamente mayores en el grupo A en los meses 1 y 3. El IP disminuyó en el grupo B a 1 mes, existiendo diferencias estadísticamente significativas con el grupo A. No hubo diferencias en los parámetros microbiológicos, ni se detectó sobrecrecimiento de especies oportunistas. Fue mejor el sabor del producto test a 2 y 3 meses. No hubo diferencias entre grupos en los posibles efectos adversos. El uso de pasta y colutorio con CPC al 0,05 por ciento en pacientes jóvenes portadores de aparatología fija ortodóncica fue eficiente en la reducción de placa y gingivitis, no presentó efectos adversos asociados, y a los pacientes les gusto su sabor.

This is a review and update on acute conditions affecting the gingival tissues, including abscesses in the periodontium, necrotizing periodontal diseases, and other acute conditions that cause gingival lesions with acute presentation, such as infectious process not associated with oral bacterial biofilms, muco-cutanenous disorders, and traumatic and allergic lesions. A periodontal abscess is clinically important since it is a relatively frequent dental emergency, it can compromise the periodontal prognosis of the affected tooth, and because bacteria within the abscess have been identified, mainly by the type of etiology, and there are clear diffrences between those affecting a previously existing periodontal pocket ahd those affecting healthy sites. Therapy for this acute condition consists of drainage and tissue debridement, with individual evaluation of the need for systemic antimicrobial therapy. the definitive treatment of the pre-existing condition should be accomplished after the acute phase is controlled. Necrotizing periodontal disease (NPD) present three typical clinical features : papilla necrosis, gingival bleeding, and pain. Although the prevalence of these diseases is not high, their importance is clear, since they represent the most severe conditions associated with dental biofilm, with very rapid tissue destruction. In adittion to bacteria, the etiology of NPD includes numerous factors that alter the host response and predispose to these diseases, including HIV infection, malnutrition, stress, and tobacco smoking. The treatment consists of superficial debridement, careful mechanical oral hygiene, rinsing with chlorhexidine, and daily re-evaluation. Systemic antimicrobials may be used adjunctively in severe cases or in non-responding conditions and the best option is metronidazole.Once the acute disease is under control, definitive treatment should be provided, including the adequate therapy for the pre-existing gingivitis or periodontitis. Among other, Depto. de Especialidades Clínicas Odontológicas, Fac. de Odontología, TRUE, pub

Memoria final del proyecto de innovación 49

La enseñanza basada en los problemas (PBL) supone un avance que permite a los alumnos integrar mejor los conocimientos adquiridos. La asignatura de 4.º curso de Odontología, Periodoncia, ha sido impartida de esta manera desde el curso 1999-2000. El uso de la herramienta Web-CT en combinación con el enfoque PBL ha permitido soslayar algunos de los problemas encontrados en la aplicación del PBL y mejorar el acceso a la información de todos los estamentos involucrados. Para el curso 2004-2005 se establecieron una serie de objetivos, cuyo cumplimiento es evaluado en la siguiente comunicación: 1. Uso del sistema de aprendizaje basado en los problemas. 2. Inclusión de la asignatura dentro del Campus Virtual (Web-CT). • Tutorías on-line y el contacto continuo entre estudiantes y tutores. • Búsqueda asistida de información relevante. • Colaboración en los procesos de selección de las fuentes de información. • Disponibilidad completa de todas las informaciones seleccionadas. • Disponibilidad de todos los trabajos desarrollados. • Disponibilidad de toda la información sobre el desarrollo del curso. • Disponibilidad de toda la información sobre evaluación continua. 3. Como resultado de ambos procesos, los alumnos generaron una serie de materiales que estuvieron disponibles para todos los implicados en el curso y para cursos futuros. 4. Evaluación de los resultados de este tipo de enseñanza y herramientas, con cuestionarios sobre la idoneidad del sistema, en comparación con otras asignaturas tradicionales, mediante cuestionarios anónimos disponibles en la Web.

La enseñanza basada en los problemas (PBL) supone un avance que permite a los alumnos integrar mejor los conocimientos adquiridos. En las disciplinas biomédicas, especialmente si se combina una vertiente práctica, el proceso es especialmente relevante, y así lo han considerado muchas facultades de odontología de Europa. La asignatura de cuarto curso de Odontología, Periodoncia, ha sido impartida de esta manera desde el curso 1999-2000. El uso de la herramienta WebCT desde el curso 2003-2004, en combinación con el enfoque PBL, ha permitido soslayar algunos de los problemas encontrados en la aplicación del PBL, y mejorar el acceso a la información de todos los estamentos involucrados.