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Background: There is limited data in the literature regarding the role of nonarthrographic MRI for detecting biceps pulley (BP) lesions. Purpose: To assess the accuracy of nonarthrographic MRI for detecting BP lesions, and to evaluate the diagnostic value of various MRI signs (superior glenohumeral ligament discontinuity/nonvisibility, long head of biceps (LHB) displacement sign or subluxation/dislocation, LHB tendinopathy, and supraspinatus and subscapularis tendon lesions) in detecting such lesions. Study Type: Retrospective. Population: 84 patients (32 in BP‐lesion group and 52 in BP‐intact group‐as confirmed by arthroscopy). Field Strength/Sequence: 1.5‐T, T1‐weighted turbo spin echo (TSE), T2‐weighted TSE, and proton density‐weighted TSE spectral attenuated inversion recovery (SPAIR) sequences. Assessment: Three radiologists independently reviewed all MRI data for the presence of BP lesions and various MRI signs. The MRI signs and final MRI diagnoses were tested for accuracy regarding detecting BP lesions using arthroscopy results as the reference standard. Furthermore, the inter‐reader agreement (IRA) between radiologists was determined. Statistical Tests: Student's t‐tests, Chi‐squared, and Fisher's exact tests, and 4‐fold table test were used. The IRA was calculated using Kappa statistics. A P‐value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of nonarthrographic MRI for detecting BP lesions were 65.6%–78.1%, 90.4%–92.3%, and 81%–86.9%, respectively. The highest accuracy was noticed for the LHB displacement sign (84.5%–86.9%), and the highest sensitivity was registered for the LHB tendinopathy sign (87.5%). Furthermore, the highest specificity was observed for the LHB displacement sign and LHB subluxation/dislocation sign (98.1%–100%). The IRA regarding final MRI diagnosis and MRI signs of BP lesions was good to very good (κ = 0.76–0.98). Data Conclusion: Nonarthrographic shoulder MRI may show good diagnostic accuracy for detecting BP lesions. The LHB displacement sign could serve as the most accurate and specific sign for diagnosis of BP lesions. Level of Evidence: 3 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Sellar and suprasellar regions are complex areas of the brain, where different varieties of lesions can occur in this confined space. When evaluating sellar and suprasellar lesions prior to surgery, diffusion weighted MRI and MR spectroscopy are regarded as crucial diagnostic tools that supplement conventional MRI. Aim of the Study: The aim of the recent study was to evaluate the role of the DWI and Single-Voxel 1H MRS Metabolites in characterization of Sellar and Suprasellar masses. Methods: A prospective study has been conducted on 30 patients with various sellar and suprasellar masses consulted from Neurosurgery and Neurology Departments to the MRI unit over a period of 6 months between June 2023 and Nov 2023.They were examined with long-echo single voxel 1H -MRS and DWI by 1.5 Tesla clinical imaging machine. Examinations were guided by cMRI. We confirmed our diagnosis pathologically after surgical management. Results: Sellar and suprasellar tumors exhibited variable values for diffusion and the mean ADC value was for macroadenoma is (0.72±0.25)x10-3 mm2/sec, craniopharyngeoma is (1.8±0.1)x10-3 mm2/sec, glioma is (1.38±0.5)x10-3 mm2/sec, germinoma (0.80±0.2)x10-3 mm2/sec and for meningioma is (0.94±0.16)x10-3 mm2/sec. Pituitary macroadenoma were typically characterized by Cr peak, moderate elevation of Cho peak and significant reduction of NAA,. Craniopharyngiomas were classically distinguished by notable reduction of all metabolites .Rise of Cho peak and decrease of NAA and Cr peaks typically characterize Gliomas. The most distinguishing metabolite of meningioma is Alanine. Conclusions: Diffusion-weighted MRI and MR Spectroscopy can contribute to presurgical assessment and discrimination between various sellar, suprasellar masses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: MRI is widely used now in prostatic lesions for guiding the diagnostic sample, staging and for active surveillance. Despite the widespread use of MRI, the variability in performing prostate MRI across practices remains challenging. PI-RADS has increasingly become an important part of prostate cancer diagnostics. Methods: We aimed to compare the accuracy of using T2 and DW-MRI separately in discriminating prostatic nodule and compare them when using total PIRADS according to PI-RADS-v2 using mp-MRI at 1.5. A prospective study included 120 male patients with clinically suspected prostate cancer due to raised prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and/or suspicious prostatic lesion during digital rectal examination (DRE). In each prostate lesion, PI-RADS score (from 1 - 5) was given for each prostatic nodule according to T2-WI, then according to DWI. Finally, we reported the overall PI-RADS score of each patient according to V2. Results: The validity of T2WI imaging alone in diagnosis of prostate cancer was 88.5% sensitivity, 72 % specificity, 81.6% accuracy, 81.5 % predictive value of positivity (PVP) and 81.8% predictive value of negativity (PVN). The validity of DWI imaging was 90% sensitivity, 70% specificity, 81.6% accuracy, 80.7 % PVP and 83.3 % PVN. Total PIRADS v2 scoring revealed an increase in Sensitivity, Specificity, Accuracy, PVP and PVN in diagnosis of prostatic focal lesions reaching 94.2 %, 76 %, 86.6%, 84.6% and 90.4 % respectively. Conclusions: T2WI and DWI have nearly similar accuracy in discriminating benign and malignant prostatic lesions with considerable raising in the accuracy when using total PIRAD V2 in diagnosing peripheral and transitional zones prostatic lesions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Joint damage, disease activity, and prognosis in rheumatoid arthritis can now be evaluated by shear-wave elastographic ultrasonography (SW-EUS). Objective: Evaluate of the role of musculoskeletal ultrasound in early diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis and monitoring treatment, as well as evaluating the added value of using Elastography. Patients and methods: A case-control study that included 30 rheumatoid arthritis patients and 30 controls have same age and sex of chronic cases; we did shear wave elastography ultrasound (SW-EUS) image obtained for all subjects. Results: Statistically significant differences were found in SWE parameters, as well as between recently diagnosed RA patients and after 2 months follow up between RA patients and healthy control where the mean of Elastic Modulus (KPa) that was statistically lower among RA patient than among healthy control. Also, the mean of Elastic Modulus (KPa) increased from 15.67 ± 10.56 to 42.07 ± 17.8. Additionally, mean of Mean Velocity (m/sec) increased from 2.19 ± 0.63 to 3.47 ± 0.91 that was statistically higher after 2 months. An Elastic Modulus (KPa) Cut-off level of Elastic Modulus (KPa) < 44.35 had sensitivity of 100 %, and specificity of 94 % in detecting RA changes. Also, Cutoff level of Mean Velocity (m/sec) < 3.76 had sensitivity of 100 %, and specificity of 93.3 % in detecting RA changes of high statistical significance. Conclusion: Diagnosing and assessment of disease activity in RA can be evaluated with SW-EUS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between acro-osteolysis (AO), bone mineral density (BMD) and peripheral vascularity in premenopausal female patients with diffuse systemic sclerosis (dcSSc). Methods: An observational cohort study that included thirty premenopausal female patients with dcSSc. The recruited patients were categorized into two groups according to the presence of radiological signs of AO. Patients were assessed clinically, laboratory and radiologically by X-ray imaging of both hands and wrists, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for measuring BMD and Doppler ultrasonography for evaluation of upper limbs peripheral vascularity. Results: Overall, 80% patients had AO; comparing patients with and without AO, the former had significant increase in the frequencies of Raynaud's phenomenon, calcinosis and digital pits (88.5, 94.7, 91.7) versus (11.5, 5.3, 8.3) in the latter, respectively. Additionally, they had significantly lower distal radius BMD and higher macrovascular abnormalities at both radial and ulnar arteries (P < 0.05). On regression analysis, the most important factors associated with AO were calcinosis (OR= 1.7; 95% CI: 1.01- 3.02; P = 0.02), Raynaud's phenomenon (OR= 3.5; 95% CI: 0.6-19.4; P = 0.003), digital pits (OR= 2.8; 95% CI: 0.9-8.8; P = 0.001), low BMD at the distal radius (OR= 1.9; 95% CI: 1.1-3.0; P = 0.002), and macrovascular changes at radial and ulnar arteries (OR = 2.2; 95% CI: 0.7-6.5; P = 0.04 and OR =1.6; 95% CI: 0.9-3.0; P = 0.05) respectively. Conclusion: Calcinosis, Raynaud's phenomenon, digital pits, vascular alterations at radial and ulnar arteries, and low BMD at the distal radius are the most important factors associated with AO in dcSSc patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]