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Purpose: To determine the effect of PD173074 on mammary carcinoma. Methods: Virgin female mice were randomly divided into 4 groups of 10 mice per group. Group 1 (control) received clean water, group 2 received an oral dose of 50 mg/kg PD173074 twice a week, group 3 received a single dose of 50 mg/kg 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) in the breast for carcinoma induction, group 4 received DMBA and after that treated with PD173074 one week later for 4 weeks. Hormonal analysis, oxidative stress, levels of cytokines IL6 and TNF-α, and histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis were carried out. Results: Treatment with PD173074 significantly lowered estrogen, progesterone, oxidative stress indices, cytokines IL6, and TNF-α levels (p < 0.05) raised due to carcinoma induction. Pyrido (2,3-d) pyrimidine derivative PD173074 lowered the Nottingham histopathological score and reduced the incidence of invasive ductal carcinoma. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis showed that posttreatment with PD173074 significantly decreased K167 expression (p < 0.05). Conclusion: PD173074 significantly reduces estrogen, progesterone, oxidative stress indices, cytokines, TNF-α, Nottingham histopathological score, and KI-67 expression. Additional studies would be required to validate the actual mechanisms of this drug action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To determine the inhibitory effect of Asparagus officinalis extract (AOE) on allergic asthma induced by carrageenan (CGN). Methods: Forty male mice were divided into 4 groups: the 1st group was untreated control; 2nd group was treated orally and daily with 500 mg/kg AOE for one week; the 3rd group was treated with single dose of CGN 2 %w/v (200 µL/mice) intraperitoneally and left for one week; while the 4th group was treated first with CGN as in 3rd group and treated with AOE as 2nd group after CGN injection for one week. After treatment, the animals were sacrificed and blood samples were subjected to white blood cell count. IL6 and TNF-α were measured in the lung homogenate while histopathological analysis was performed for lung samples. Results: A single dose of CGN resulted in significant increase in white blood cell (WBC) count and proinflammatory cytokines (IL6 and TNF-α p < 0.05). Histopathological analysis showed severe lung alterations such as accumulation of infiltration cells that blocked alveolar sacs, over-secretion of collagenous fibers, extracellular matrix and hyaline membranes. Moreover, treatment with AOE after CGN injection significantly reduced WBC count (p = 0) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) that were raised by CGN (p = 0). Furthermore, AOE reduced the pathological signs that were induced by CGN leading to improvement of lung function and reduction of collagenous fibers and hyaline membranes. Conclusion: Asparagus officinalis extract reduces the allergic effect and lung pathological signs induced by CGN. Since AOE inhibits the production of inflammatory cytokines, it has the potential to be developed as a source of active pharmaceutical ingredients for the management of lung and airway injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]