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1. Takotsubo Syndrome: An International Expert Consensus Report on Practical Challenges and Specific Conditions (Part-1: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges)

Author

Kenan Yalta, John E Madias, Nicholas G Kounis, Shams Y-Hassan, Marija Polovina, Servet Altay, Alexandre Mebazaa, Mehmet Birhan Yilmaz, Yuri Lopatin, Mamas A Mamas, Robert J Gil, Ritu Thamman, Abdallah Almaghraby, Biykem Bozkurt, Gani Bajraktari, Thomas Fink, Vassil Traykov, Stephane Manzo-Silberman, Ulvi Mirzoyev, Sekib Sokolovic, Zviad V Kipiani, Cecilia Linde, and Petar M Seferovic

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

In the recent years, there has been a burgeoning interest in Takotsubo syndrome (TTS), which is renowned as a specific form of reversible myocardial dysfunction. Despite the extensive literature available on TTS, clinicians still face several practical challenges associated with the diagnosis and management of this phenomenon. This potentially results in the underdiagnosis and improper management of TTS in clinical practice. The present paper, the first part (part-1) of the consensus report, aims to cover diagnostic and therapeutic challenges associated with TTS along with certain recommendations to combat these challenges.

Published
2024
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2. Takotsubo Syndrome: An International Expert Consensus Report on Practical Challenges and Specific Conditions (Part-2: Specific Entities, Risk Stratification and Challenges After Recovery)

Author

Kenan Yalta, John E Madias, Nicholas G Kounis, Shams Y-Hassan, Marija Polovina, Servet Altay, Alexandre Mebazaa, Mehmet Birhan Yilmaz, Yuri Lopatin, Mamas A Mamas, Robert J Gil, Ritu Thamman, Abdallah Almaghraby, Biykem Bozkurt, Gani Bajraktari, Thomas Fink, Vassil Traykov, Stephane Manzo-Silberman, Ulvi Mirzoyev, Sekib Sokolovic, Zviad V Kipiani, Cecilia Linde, and Petar M Seferovic

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) still remains as an enigmatic phenomenon. In particular, long-term challenges (including clinical recurrence and persistent symptoms) and specific entities in the setting of TTS have been the evolving areas of interest. On the other hand, a significant gap still exists regarding the proper risk-stratification of this phenomenon in the short and long terms. The present paper, the second part (part-2) of the consensus report, aims to discuss less well-known aspects of TTS including specific entities, challenges after recovery and risk-stratification.

Published
2024
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3. Electrocardiogram Features in Non-Cardiac Diseases: From Mechanisms to Practical Aspects

Author

Ceasovschih A, Șorodoc V, Covantsev S, Balta A, Uzokov J, Kaiser SE, Almaghraby A, Lionte C, Stătescu C, Sascău RA, Onofrei V, Haliga RE, Stoica A, Bologa C, Ailoaei Ș, Şener YZ, Kounis NG, and Șorodoc L

Subjects
electrocardiography, electrocardiogram, features, non-cardiac diseases, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Alexandr Ceasovschih,1,2,* Victorița Șorodoc,1,2 Serghei Covantsev,3,* Anastasia Balta,1,2,* Jamol Uzokov,4,* Sergio E Kaiser,5 Abdallah Almaghraby,6 Cătălina Lionte,1,2 Cristian Stătescu,1,7 Radu A Sascău,1,7 Viviana Onofrei,1,8 Raluca Ecaterina Haliga,1,2,* Alexandra Stoica,1,2,* Cristina Bologa,1,2 Ștefan Ailoaei,7 Yusuf Ziya Şener,9 Nicholas G Kounis,10 Laurențiu Șorodoc1,2 1Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania; 2 2nd Internal Medicine Department, “Sf. Spiridon” Clinical Emergency Hospital, Iasi, Romania; 3Department of Research and Clinical Development, Botkin Hospital, Moscow, Russia; 4Department of Cardiology, Republican Specialized Scientific Practical Medical Center of Therapy and Medical Rehabilitation, Tashkent, Uzbekistan; 5Discipline of Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; 6Department of Cardiology, Ibrahim Bin Hamad Obaidallah Hospital, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates; 7Department of Cardiology, “Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu” Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, Iasi, Romania; 8Department of Cardiology, “Sf. Spiridon” Clinical Emergency Hospital, Iasi, Romania; 9Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkiye; 10Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Greece*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Victorița Șorodoc, 2nd Internal Medicine Department, “Sf. Spiridon” Clinical Emergency Hospital, Independentei 1 Street, Iasi, 700106, Romania, Tel +40232 240 822, Email vivisorodoc@yahoo.com Viviana Onofrei, Cardiology Department, “Sf. Spiridon” Clinical Emergency Hospital, Independentei 1 Street, Iasi, 700106, Romania, Email onofreiviviana@gmail.comAbstract: Despite the noteworthy advancements and the introduction of new technologies in diagnostic tools for cardiovascular disorders, the electrocardiogram (ECG) remains a reliable, easily accessible, and affordable tool to use. In addition to its crucial role in cardiac emergencies, ECG can be considered a very useful ancillary tool for the diagnosis of many non-cardiac diseases as well. In this narrative review, we aimed to explore the potential contributions of ECG for the diagnosis of non-cardiac diseases such as stroke, migraine, pancreatitis, Kounis syndrome, hypothermia, esophageal disorders, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary diseases, electrolyte disturbances, anemia, coronavirus disease 2019, different intoxications and pregnancy.Keywords: electrocardiography, electrocardiogram, features, non-cardiac diseases, ECG

Published
2024

5. Invasive mucormycosis in a tertiary care hospital in the western region of Saudi Arabia: 11-year retrospective chart review from 2009 to 2019

Author

Hassan Almarhabi, Essam Al-Asmari, Adeeb Munshi, Fayssal Farahat, Abdulfatah Al-Amri, Hatim Q. Almaghraby, Maher Alharbi, and Abulhakeem Althaqafi

Subjects
Mucormycosis, Saudi Arabia, Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, Epidemiology, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Background: Mucormycosis is a life-threatening, invasive fungal disease that mostly affects immunocompromised hosts. In this study, we aimed to assess the clinical presentations and outcomes of patients with mucormycosis in a tertiary care hospital in the western region of Saudi Arabia. Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients diagnosed with mucormycosis was conducted from January 2009 to December 2019 at King Abdulaziz Medical City, a tertiary care facility in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. We aimed to assess and analyze the characteristics of patients with mucormycosis, their clinical presentations, and treatment outcomes. Results: Fifteen cases were identified as proven or probable mucormycosis according to the revised European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Mycoses Study Group criteria. Most cases (n = 11, 73.3 %) were categorized as proven, whereas four cases (26.7 %) were categorized as probable. The median patient age was 29.5 years (range, 6–79 years). The most common underlying etiology was hematological malignancies (7 cases), followed by diabetes mellitus (5 cases), and trauma from a motor vehicle accident (4 cases). Cutaneous mucormycosis was the predominant presentation, as noted in seven cases (46.6 %), followed by rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis in four cases (26.7 %), and pulmonary mucormycosis in two cases (13.3 %). Rhizopus (six cases) and Mucor (four cases) were the two main fungal isolates. Eight patients were treated with amphotericin B lipid complex (53.3 %) alone, and three patients were treated with a combination of amphotericin B lipid complex and posaconazole. Overall, 11 (73.3 %) patients died, two of whom died before a confirmed diagnosis. Conclusion: The mortality among patients with mucormycosis was high. Relatively better survival was observed among cutaneous cases. A combination of new diagnostic technologies, optimized use of available antifungal options, development of new antifungal agents, and consistent implementation of public health policies may help reduce mortality rates from mucormycosis in Saudi Arabia.

Published
2022
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7. Aging and Trauma: Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Among Korean War Veterans.

Author

Palmer, Barton W, Friend, Samantha, Huege, Steve, Mulvaney, Mallory, Badawood, Albaraa, Almaghraby, Abdulaziz, and Lohr, James B

Subjects
Clinical and Health Psychology, Psychology
Abstract

Having experienced posttraumatic stress disorder 30 years prior to its recognition as a formal disorder, Korean War veterans are now an aging population that requires unique clinical management.

Published
2019

9. Accidentally discovered non‐communicating membranous ventricular septal aneurysm in a middle‐aged male patient

Author

Mahmoud Abdelnabi, Abdallah Almaghraby, Yehia Saleh, Juthipong Benjanuwattra, and Hoda Abdelgawad

Subjects
cardiac computed tomography, congenital heart disease, echocardiography, membranous ventricular septal aneurysm, multimodality cardiac imaging, Medicine, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Key Clinical Message Membranous interventricular septal (MIVS) aneurysm is a rare often asymptomatic, accidentally discovered congenital anomaly, which might be complicated with right ventricular obstruction, rupture, thromboembolism, and conduction abnormalities.

Published
2023
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10. Imaging of a case of atrioventricular septal defect: The added value of using the third dimension in echocardiography

Author

Mahmoud Abdelnabi, Abdallah Almaghraby, and Hoda Abdelgawad

Subjects
atrioventricular septal defect, congenital heart diseases, echocardiography, third dimension, Medicine, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Key Clinical Message The role of 3D echocardiography has been increasing in the management of patients with congenital heart disease (CHD), particularly in pre‐surgical planning, catheter‐guided interventions, and functional assessment of the heart.

Published
2023
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12. Meta-Analysis Investigating Optimal Timing of Chemoprophylaxis for Venous Thromboembolism in Operatively Managed Blunt Spinal Injuries.

Author

ALGHAMDl, FAISAL A., ALZAYER, MOHAMMED O., ALKABBANI, MOHAMMED M., ALJOAID, RENAD M., ALJOAIB, NASSER A., HADHIAH, KAWTHER M., and ALMAGHRABY, NISREEN H.

Subjects
LOW-molecular-weight heparin, VENOUS thrombosis, SPINAL injuries, THROMBOEMBOLISM, SPINE
Abstract

Background: Blunt spinal injuries (BSIs) are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Management typically involves stabilization of the spinal column and may include chemoprophylaxis for venous thromboembolism (VTE) prevention. The optimal timing of chemoprophylaxis initiation in operatively managed BSI patients remains debated. Objective: Analyze available literature on optimal chemoprophylaxis timing for the prevention of VTE in patients postinjury undergoing operative repair. Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. PubMed and MEDLINE were searched for studies assessing chemoprophylaxis timing in adult BSI patients. Inclusion criteria focused on operatively managed BSIs and anticoagulant usage assessment. Results: Three studies involving 4345 patients were included. Early chemoprophylaxis initiation was associated with significantly lower deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and overall VTE incidence compared with late initiation. No significant differences were found in pulmonary embolism (PE) incidence or mortality. Conclusion: Early anticoagulant administration after spinal fixation for BSI reduces DVT and overall VTE risk without impacting PE incidence or mortality. Further research is recommended to solidify these findings and address existing gaps in the literature. Clinical Relevance: Early chemoprophylaxis initiation in operatively managed BSI patients reduces DVT and overall VTE risk without affecting PE incidence or mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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14. Switching from warfarin to direct-acting oral anticoagulants: it is time to move forward!

Author

Mahmoud Abdelnabi, Juthipong Benjanuwattra, Osama Okasha, Abdallah Almaghraby, Yehia Saleh, and Fady Gerges

Subjects
Vitamin K antagonists, Warfarin, Direct-acting oral anticoagulants, Thromboembolism, Bleeding, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Abstract Oral vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), warfarin, have been in routine clinical use for almost 70 years for various cardiovascular conditions. Direct-Acting Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs) have emerged as competitive alternatives for VKAs to prevent stroke in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) and have become the preferred choice in several clinical indications for anticoagulation. Recent guidelines have limited the use of DOACs to patients with non-valvular AF to reduce the risk of cardioembolic complications and to treat venous thromboembolism (VTE). Although emerging evidence is suggestive of its high efficacy, there was a lack of data to support DOACs safety profile in patients with mechanical valve prosthesis, intracardiac thrombi, or other conditions such as cardiac device implantation or catheter ablation. Therefore, several clinical trials have been conducted to assess the beneficial effects of using DOACs, instead of VKAs, for various non-guideline-approved indications. This review aimed to discuss the current guideline-approved indications for DOACs, advantages, and limitations of DOACs use in various clinical indications highlighting the potential emerging indications and remaining challenges for DOACs use. Several considerations are in favour of switching from warfarin to DOACs including superior efficacy, better adverse effect profile, fewer drug-drug interactions, and they do not require frequent international normalized ratio (INR) monitoring. Large randomized controlled trials are required to determine the safety and efficacy of their use in various clinical indications.

Published
2022
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15. Aortic remodelling and false lumen changes after the frozen elephant trunk technique using the thoraflex hybrid stented graft for aortic dissection

Author

Mostafa Mehanna, Moustafa Elhamami, Ahmed Abolkasem, Bassem Ramadan, Abdallah Almaghraby, and Jorge Mascaro

Subjects
True lumen, False lumen, Thoraflex, Remodelling, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Abstract Background Despite the marked improvement in the aortic dissection repair techniques, residual dissected aorta with a patent false lumen remains an issue. So, the aim of our study is to observe the effect of inserting the Thoraflex Hybrid Graft on the aortic diameters in patients with type A aortic dissection involving the arch and descending aorta. Patients with type I aortic dissection who had aortic dissection repair using the Thoraflex Hybrid Graft in University Hospitals Birmingham were studied. Radiological assessment with computed tomography of the aorta was done at the level of the diaphragm to measure the true lumen, false lumen and total aortic diameters. Significance of change of diameters at early post-operative as compared to the pre-operative period was analysed. Results Eight cases were done in the acute setting, while 14 cases were done in the chronic setting. The ratio of true lumen to the total aortic diameter has significantly increased in the follow-up period as compared to the pre-operative period (P = 0.031). Whereas false lumen to total aortic diameter ratio has significantly decreased (P = 0.024). Subgroup analysis revealed that these changes were not significantly altered by whether the dissection was acute or chronic. Conclusions The Thoraflex Hybrid Graft will induce positive aortic remodelling with expansion of true lumen and will diminish the false lumen. But we could not find a significant difference between acute or chronic cases due to small sample size.

Published
2021
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16. Complex and multilevel left ventricular outflow tract obstruction: What can 3D echocardiography add?

Author

Hoda Abdelgawad, Mahmoud Shehata, Mahmoud Abdelnabi, Abdallah Almaghraby, and Mohamed Ayman Abdel-Hay

Subjects
3D echocardiography, Subaortic membrane, Aortic valve stenosis, Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Abstract Background Subaortic obstruction by a membrane or systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve leaflets is usually suspected in young patients, especially if the anatomy of the aortic valve is not clearly stenotic and unexplained left ventricular hypertrophy exists in the context of high transaortic gradients. Main body In certain circumstances, some patients show both aortic and subaortic stenotic lesions of variable severity. Doppler echocardiography can help in grading severity in the case of single-level obstruction but not in patients with multilevel obstruction where the continuity equation is of no value. Three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography allows "en-face" visualization of each level of the aortic valve and subaortic tract; in addition, direct planimetry of the areas can be done using multiplanar reformatting. Conclusions Accordingly, 3D echocardiography plays a crucial role in the assessment in patients with multilevel left ventricular outflow tract obstruction as it can accurately delineate the location and size, and severity of the stenosis.

Published
2021
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18. Mixed Gonadal Dysgenesis: A Narrative Literature Review and Clinical Primer for the Urologist.

Author

Corona, Lauren E., Lee, Victoria S., Weisman, Allison Goetsch, Rosoklija, Ilina, Hirsch, Josephine, Whitehead, Jax, Almaghraby, Abdullah, Papadakis, Jaclyn, Yuodsnukis, Briahna, Chen, Diane, Finlayson, Courtney, Yerkes, Elizabeth B., Cheng, Earl Y., and Johnson, Emilie K.

Subjects
SEX differentiation disorders, VULVA, GONADAL dysgenesis, CHROMOSOME abnormalities, SEX chromosomes
Abstract

Purpose: Mixed gonadal dysgenesis is a difference of sex development that is often confused with other conditions. Individuals have a 45,X/46,XY karyotype. Gonads are characterized by a streak gonad and a dysgenetic testis at varying levels of descent. Persistent Müllerian structures are typical (eg, hemi-uterus). There is significant phenotypic heterogeneity of the internal and external genitalia that, together with different interpretations of the definition, have contributed to a poor understanding of the condition among pediatric urologists. Mixed gonadal dysgenesis is one manifestation of the 45,X/46,XY karyotype. 45,X/46,XY mosaicism can also be associated with typical female or male external genitalia. This review aims to clarify the mixed gonadal dysgenesis definition and to provide urologists with diagnostic and management considerations for affected individuals. Materials and Methods: We searched 3 medical databases for articles related to mixed gonadal dysgenesis. Two hundred eighty-seven full-text abstracts and manuscripts were reviewed for content pertinent to: (1) clarifying the definition of mixed gonadal dysgenesis, and (2) describing the following related to the care of affected individuals: prenatal and neonatal evaluation and management, genital surgery, gonadal malignancy risk and management, fertility, gender dysphoria/incongruence, puberty and long-term outcomes, systemic comorbidities, and transitional care. Results: Fifty articles were included. Key points and implications for each of the above topics were summarized. Conclusions: Mixed gonadal dysgenesis exists on a wide phenotypic spectrum and management considerations reflect this heterogeneity. Care for individuals with mixed gonadal dysgenesis is complex, and decisions should be made in a multidisciplinary setting with psychological support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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19. Takotsubo Syndrome: An International Expert Consensus Report on Practical Challenges and Specific Conditions (Part-2: Specific Entities, Risk Stratification and Challenges After Recovery).

Author

Yalta, Kenan, Madias, John E., Kounis, Nicholas G., Y-Hassan, Shams, Polovina, Marija, Altay, Servet, Mebazaa, Alexandre, Yilmaz, Mehmet Birhan, Lopatin, Yuri, Mamas, Mamas A., Gil, Robert J., Thamman, Ritu, Almaghraby, Abdallah, Bozkurt, Biykem, Bajraktari, Gani, Fink, Thomas, Traykov, Vassil, Manzo-Silberman, Stephane, Mirzoyev, Ulvi, and Sokolovic, Sekib

Subjects
CONSENSUS (Social sciences), RISK assessment, TAKOTSUBO cardiomyopathy, CONVALESCENCE, DISEASE relapse, BIOMARKERS, DISEASE risk factors, SYMPTOMS
Abstract

Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) still remains as an enigmatic phenomenon. In particular, long-term challenges (including clinical recurrence and persistent symptoms) and specific entities in the setting of TTS have been the evolving areas of interest. On the other hand, a significant gap still exists regarding the proper risk-stratification of this phenomenon in the short and long terms. The present paper, the second part (part-2) of the consensus report, aims to discuss less well-known aspects of TTS including specific entities, challenges after recovery and risk-stratification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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20. Takotsubo Syndrome: An International Expert Consensus Report on Practical Challenges and Specific Conditions (Part-1: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges).

Author

Yalta, Kenan, Madias, John E., Kounis, Nicholas G., Y-Hassan, Shams, Polovina, Marija, Altay, Servet, Mebazaa, Alexandre, Yilmaz, Mehmet Birhan, Lopatin, Yuri, Mamas, Mamas A., Gil, Robert J., Thamman, Ritu, Almaghraby, Abdallah, Bozkurt, Biykem, Bajraktari, Gani, Fink, Thomas, Traykov, Vassil, Manzo-Silberman, Stephane, Mirzoyev, Ulvi, and Sokolovic, Sekib

Subjects
CONSENSUS (Social sciences), TAKOTSUBO cardiomyopathy, ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY
Abstract

In the recent years, there has been a burgeoning interest in Takotsubo syndrome (TTS), which is renowned as a specific form of reversible myocardial dysfunction. Despite the extensive literature available on TTS, clinicians still face several practical challenges associated with the diagnosis and management of this phenomenon. This potentially results in the underdiagnosis and improper management of TTS in clinical practice. The present paper, the first part (part-1) of the consensus report, aims to cover diagnostic and therapeutic challenges associated with TTS along with certain recommendations to combat these challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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21. A rare presentation of an elderly patient with acute lymphocytic leukemia and platelet count of zero associated with ST-elevation myocardial infarction, pulmonary thromboembolism in the setting of SARS-CoV 2: a case report

Author

Arash Hashemi, Fady Gerges, Haseeb Raza Naqvi, Irina Kotlar, Sara Moscatelli, Ashkan Hashemi, Yasmin Rustamova, and Abdallah Almaghraby

Subjects
Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Abstract Background Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is known to lead not only to severe acute respiratory syndrome, but also can result in thromboembolic events in both the venous and the arterial circulation by inducing coagulation disorders. The potential causes of coagulopathy are inflammation, platelet activation, endothelial dysfunction, and stasis. The thrombotic events including pulmonary embolism, deep venous thrombosis as well as intracatheter thrombosis are more likely to develop in patients infected with severe form of SARS-CoV-2 who are admitted to ICU. Furthermore, these events contribute to multi-organ failure. Case presentation Herein, we report a case of an immunocompromised COVID-19 elderly patient with acute lymphocytic leukemia who developed myocardial infarction with ST elevation in the setting of acute pulmonary thromboembolism in the presence of zero platelet count. Despite successful urgent coronary revascularization and platelet transfusion, the patient eventually died after failed resuscitation efforts. Conclusion Patients with COVID-19 infection are at a greater risk of developing cardiovascular complications, but their appropriate management can decrease the risk of fatal events. Coronary thrombosis associated with pulmonary thromboembolism in the setting of thrombocytopenia is a rare and a complex to manage condition. Significance of single antiplatelet agent in STEMI with thrombocytopenia merits further studies. According to expert opinions and literature reviews, we must avoid dual antiplatelet therapy in these patients and keep platelet transfusion as a standard therapy to avoid drastic bleeding complications.

Published
2021
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22. Rare isolated pancreatic myeloid sarcoma in a pediatric patient – A case study with literature review

Author

Somayah Alsolami, Bayan Hafiz, Abeer Mehdar, and Hatim Almaghraby

Subjects
Pancreas, Myeloid sarcoma, Granulocytic sarcoma, Pathology, RB1-214
Abstract

Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is an extramedullary hematopoietic tumor of immature myeloid cells. It is more common in males, and may present across a wide range of age groups. It rarely occurs in isolation and is chiefly associated with AML, of which it may be the first presentation. Most patients with MS will progress to AML within one year of diagnosis, but this can be delayed with early detection and treatment. Isolated MS is very rare, but can occur at any site in the body. MS in the pancreas is uncommon and can simulate the symptoms of pancreatitis or adenocarcinoma, making this a challenging diagnosis. Here, we present a case of MS diagnosed in a 12-year-old boy with no known history of AML. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of isolated pancreatic myeloid sarcoma in Saudi Arabia.

Published
2022
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27. Demographic, clinical characteristics and medications of rehospitalized patients for acute coronary syndrome: boomerang study

Author

Tugba Kemaloglu Oz, Tarik Kivrak, Abdallah Almaghraby, Mahmoud Abdelnabi, Onur Tasar, Begum Uygur, Emrah Aksakal, Gobinda Kanti Paul, Seyyad Farshad Sadri, Fatemeh Nikroo, Yagoub Musa, Batur Kanar, Hakki Kaya, Fady Gerges, Yusuf Cekici, Arash Hashemi, Bilal Cuglan, Lutfu Bekar, Irina Kotlar, Mustafa Yenercag, Mesut Gitmez, Aysel Akhundova, Sinan Inci, Mehtap Yeni, Mustafa Dogdus, Meltem Altinsoy, Ayman Helal, Shafa Shahbazova, Fatih Tamnik, Patrick W J Tiau, Ibrahim Ersoy, Fadime Bozdurman, and Mehdi Zoghi

Subjects
acute coronary syndrome, clinical characteristics, demographics, medication, rehospitalization, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Background: Rehospitalizations with acute coronary syndromes (ACSs) have declined over the last years, but there is a remaining need for potential further reduction of rehospitalization after ACS to determine the most predominant predictors that can guide strategies to reduce re-hospitalizations burden. Aim: This multi-center study aimed to evaluate the demographic, clinical characteristics, and medications of rehospitalized patients who suffered a new cardiac event in 12 months after admission due to ACS. Material and Methods: Patients age >18 years who have been hospitalized between November 1 2017, and April 1 2018, for ACS within12 months before the readmission for a new acute coronary event were enrolled. Results: The present study included a total of 628 (65.9% from Turkey) consecutive patients rehospitalized with ACS (ST-elevation myocardial infarction [STEMI], 23.0%; ACS without ST-elevation [NSTE-ACS], 76.9%) from 15 different countries. The majority of the rehospitalized patients were men (67.9%), and the mean age was 63.1 ± 12.53 years. 406 (64.6%) had typical, 209 (33.2%) of patients had atypical chest pain and 13 (2.07%) had not any chest pain complaint during readmission. 304 (48.41%) of patients were discharged from hospital earlier than 3 days and 107 (17.04%) of patients stayed more than 7 days. The subcategories of first index diagnosis were 227 (36.1%) STEMI; 401 (63.8%) NSTE-ACS. The mean time from index discharge to rehospitalization was 189.25 ± 118 days. 248 (39.4%) patients were re-hospitalized more than once after index discharge. The most common risk factors were diabetes mellitus (471, 75.0%). 175 (27.87%) of patients stopped taking medication before re-hospitalization. Most of the patients (69.4%) had multivessel disease. Conclusion: Several factors identify patients at higher risk of rehospitalization with ACS. Understanding and preventing these causes can prevent rehospitalization and improve their outcome.

Published
2021
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28. A systematic review and meta-analysis on chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine as monotherapy or combined with azithromycin in COVID-19 treatment

Author

Ramy Mohamed Ghazy, Abdallah Almaghraby, Ramy Shaaban, Ahmed Kamal, Hatem Beshir, Amr Moursi, Ahmed Ramadan, and Sarah Hamed N. Taha

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Many recent studies have investigated the role of either Chloroquine (CQ) or Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) alone or in combination with azithromycin (AZM) in the management of the emerging coronavirus. This systematic review and meta-analysis of either published or preprint observational studies or randomized control trials (RCT) aimed to assess mortality rate, duration of hospital stay, need for mechanical ventilation (MV), virologic cure rate (VQR), time to a negative viral polymerase chain reaction (PCR), radiological progression, experiencing drug side effects, and clinical worsening. A search of the online database through June 2020 was performed and examined the reference lists of pertinent articles for in-vivo studies only. Pooled relative risks (RRs), standard mean differences of 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with the random-effects model. Mortality was not different between the standard care (SC) and HCQ groups (RR = 0.99, 95% CI 0.61–1.59, I2 = 82%), meta-regression analysis proved that mortality was significantly different across the studies from different countries. However, mortality among the HCQ + AZM was significantly higher than among the SC (RR = 1.8, 95% CI 1.19–2.27, I2 = 70%). The duration of hospital stay in days was shorter in the SC in comparison with the HCQ group (standard mean difference = 0.57, 95% CI 0.20–0.94, I2 = 92%), or the HCQ + AZM (standard mean difference = 0.77, 95% CI 0.46–1.08, I2 = 81). Overall VQR, and that at days 4, 10, and 14 among patients exposed to HCQ did not differ significantly from the SC [(RR = 0.92, 95% CI 0.69–1.23, I2 = 67%), (RR = 1.11, 95% CI 0.26–4.69, I2 = 85%), (RR = 1.21, 95% CI 0.70–2.01, I2 = 95%), and (RR = 0.98, 95% CI 0.76–1.27, I2 = 85% )] respectively. Exposure to HCQ + AZM did not improve the VQR as well (RR = 3.23, 95% CI 0.70–14.97, I2 = 58%). The need for MV was not significantly different between the SC and HCQ (RR = 1.5, 95% CI 0.78–2.89, I2 = 81%), or HCQ + AZM (RR = 1.27, 95% CI 0.7–2.13, I2 = 88%). Side effects were more reported in the HCQ group than in the SC (RR = 3.14, 95% CI 1.58–6.24, I2 = 0). Radiological improvement and clinical worsening were not statistically different between HCQ and SC [(RR = 1.11, 95% CI 0.74–1.65, I2 = 45%) and (RR = 1.28, 95% CI 0.33–4.99), I2 = 54%] respectively. Despite the scarcity of published data of good quality, the effectiveness and safety of either HCQ alone or in combination with AZM in treating COVID-19 cannot be assured. Future high-quality RCTs need to be carried out. PROSPERO registration: CRD42020192084.

Published
2020
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29. Expression of Immune Response Markers in Arab Patients With Lung Cancer

Author

Abdul Rahman Jazieh, Adda Bounedjar, Hanaa Bamefleh, Turki Alfayea, Hatim Q. Almaghraby, Ayed Belarabi, Wahiba Ouahioune, Zoubir Derbouz, Mohammad Alkaiyat, Khaled Alkattan, Moussab Damlaj, and Walid E. Khalbuss

Subjects
Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

PURPOSEProgrammed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a marker for checkpoint inhibitor use in the management of solid tumors, especially in non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Our study was aimed at determining the patterns of PD-L1 expression and cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8) immunostains in patients with NSCLC in the Arab population.METHODSArchival tumor tissue from patients with a confirmed diagnosis of NSCLC were obtained and stained for PD-L1 with antibody 22C3, using immunohistochemistry staining and giving the tumor proportion score (TPS) as a percentage from 0%-100% of stained tumor cells. Tumors were categorized into negative expressers (TPS < 1%), low positive (TPS, 1%-49%), and high positive (TPS, 50%-100%). Correlation of expression with clinical and pathologic features, including CD8-positive (CD8+) lymphocyte density, was also analyzed.RESULTSTwo hundred patients with NSCLC were included in the study from 6 centers in Saudi Arabia and Algeria. Median age was 65 years (28-93 years), and the majority were men (75%) with stage 4 NSCLC (64%). The TPS was high in 37 patients (18%), low in 60 patients (30%), and negative in 103 patients (52%). In a univariate analysis, the following were significant predictors of any PD-L1 expression (> 1%): male sex, being Saudi national patients, high expression of CD8+, and presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. In the multivariate analysis, only high expression of CD8+ cells (≥ 2+) was significant, with an odds ratio of 4.4 (95% CI, 1.5 to 12.9; P = .003)CONCLUSIONPD-L1 expression in our population is similar to the published literature and correlated with the density of CD8+ cells. Validation of the predictive value of this marker in our population and identifying easier and reliable methods to test for it are warranted.

Published
2020
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30. Undergraduate Dental Students’ Acceptance of Treatment by Dental Student Peers: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Kassim S, Mahzari AAH, Madkhali EMR, Almaghraby Y, Althagafi N, Fadel HT, and Alsahafi YA

Subjects
undergraduate, patients, dental, management, acceptance, peer-dentist, reciprocal, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Saba Kassim,1 Abdulaziz Ali Hussain Mahzari,2 Essam Mohammed Rabea Madkhali,2 Yara Almaghraby,2 Nebras Althagafi,3 Hani T Fadel,1 Yaser A Alsahafi1 1Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Taibah University Dental College & Hospital, Al‐Madinah Al‐Munawwarah, 42353, Saudi Arabia; 2Taibah University Dental College & Hospital, Al‐Madinah Al‐Munawwarah 42353, Saudi Arabia; 3Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Taibah University Dental College & Hospital, Al‐Madinah Al‐Munawwarah 42353, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Saba KassimDepartment of Preventive Dental Sciences, Taibah University Dental College & Hospital, Al‐Madinah Al‐Munawwarah, SA 42353, Tel +966 535558878Email saba262003@gmail.comObjective: To enumerate students who accepted/would accept treatment by dental student peers (DSP), describe characteristics of DSP and explore factors associated with determining DSP treatment.Methods: A 17-item online survey was distributed to students of all levels (383) at Taibah University Dental College and Hospital during the academic year 2019– 2020. The survey comprised three sections: section one asked questions about the students’ demographics and socioeconomics (family income), section two focused on the acceptance of treatment by DSP, characteristics of DSP, and section three asked about factors influencing acceptance of treatment by DSP. The collected data underwent descriptive, bivariate and logistic regression analyses.Results: Of 383 students, 222 (58%) completed the survey; 72 (32%) were at an intern level and 150 (68%) at other levels. Those who had accepted/would accept treatment by DSP comprised 88% of respondents. Performance (85.4%) and quality of treatment (85.5%) were important characteristics of DSP. The multivariable analysis revealed that increase in score rates of confidence in DSP was significantly associated with acceptance of treatment, odds ratio (OR)=1.89, 95% CI: (1.48– 2.43), p< 0.001. Similarly, students who had a better understanding of patients’ management were more likely to accept treatment by DSP (OR=2.70, 95% CI: 1.05– 6.96, p=0.039).Conclusion: A high percentage of students had accepted/would accept treatment by DSP. These findings also suggest that students who have confidence in DSP and those who understand patient management would accept oral health care by DSP.Keywords: undergraduate, patients, dental, management, acceptance, peer-dentist, reciprocal

Published
2020

31. Frequency of de novo atrial fibrillation in patients presenting with acute ischemic cerebrovascular stroke

Author

Mahmoud Abdelnabi, Abdallah Almaghraby, Yehia Saleh, Özge Özden Tok, Tuğba Kemaloğlu Öz, Ola Abdelkarim, and Haitham Badran

Subjects
Atrial fibrillation, Cerebrovascular stroke, Multislice computed tomography, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Abstract Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) affects millions of people worldwide and can remain undiagnosed for years. It is a major cause of cerebrovascular stroke (CVS); hence, early detection is extremely important in order to decrease the risk of CVS. We conducted a retrospective observational study looking into the prevalence of silent AF in 3299 patients admitted from January 2014 to December 2017 in a tertiary care stroke specialized center. Ischemic CVS was confirmed either by using multislice computed tomography (MSCT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. AF was diagnosed by electrocardiography (ECG) at the time of admission or during the hospital stay. Patients with a history of AF were excluded from the study. Results Of the 3299 patients admitted by acute ischemic CVS, 707 (21.43%) had a history of AF and thus were excluded from the study. Of the remaining 2592 patients eligible for the study, 1666 (64.27%) were males with a mean age of 56.06 years (± 16.01). A total of 2313 (89.24%) patients remained in sinus rhythm throughout the hospital stay, 211 (8.14%) patients were in AF on admission, and 68 (2.62 %) patients developed AF during their hospital stay. The total number of newly diagnosed patients with AF was 279 (10.76%). Conclusion The prevalence of de novo atrial fibrillation in patients presented with acute cerebrovascular stroke is high. The implementation of good screening programs can significantly reduce the risk of disabilities and morbidities.

Published
2020
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32. Utilization of an Electronic Triage System by Emergency Department Nurses

Author

Alumran A, Alkhaldi O, Aldroorah Z, Alsayegh Z, Alsafwani F, and Almaghraby N

Subjects
emergency department, electronic triage, nurse, technology acceptance model, tam, the canadian triage and acuity scale, ctas, transformation program 2020, triage., Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Arwa Alumran,1 Ohoud Alkhaldi,1 Zainab Aldroorah,1 Zainab Alsayegh,1 Fatimah Alsafwani,1 Nisreen Almaghraby2 1Health Information Management and Technology Department, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia; 2Emergency Department, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Arwa Alumran Email aalumran@iau.edu.saIntroduction: Emergency departments use triage systems to prioritize patients according to the severity of their condition. The Electronic Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale (E-CTAS) is a popular system that categorizes patients into five levels to manage patient flow and prioritize patient access to health-care services.Methods: We assessed the factors that influence E-CTAS usage in emergency departments in Eastern Saudi Arabia. Seventy-one nurses were included from two emergency departments that adopted E-CTAS. We used the technology acceptance model (TAM) to assess the influencing factors. The TAM was reliable in the study setting (Cronbach’s α = 0.87).Results: All of the TAM domains were significantly related to the usage of E-CTAS: perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, importance of training, social influence, behavior intention, and attitude. We also showed that E-CTAS use significantly increased with years of experience and training.Discussion: Many factors influenced the use of this electronic triage system. Focusing on these factors in future electronic triage system implementations might increase the hospital staff’s compliance, thus improving accuracy and better organizing the patient flow in emergency departments.Keywords: emergency department, electronic triage, nurse, technology acceptance model, TAM, the Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale, CTAS, Transformation Program 2020, triage

Published
2020

33. Acute pulmonary embolism in a patient with hepatitis C virus infection and hepatocellular carcinoma: a case report

Author

Mahmoud Abdelnabi, Yehia Saleh, Abdallah Almaghraby, Özge Özden Tok, Hoda Abdelgawad, and Sherif Abd ElSamad

Subjects
Hepatitis C virus, Pulmonary embolism, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Echocardiography, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Abstract Background Cardiac metastases in hepatocellular carcinoma patients are infrequently encountered and usually associated with a very poor prognosis. Case presentation Hereby, we report a case of an acute pulmonary embolism (PE) on top of HCC with direct cardiac invasion to the right atrium (RA) through the inferior vena cava with another metastasis to the right ventricular apex in the form of highly mobile cauliflower mass protruding through the tricuspid valve into RA and nearly obliterating right ventricular outflow tract in a multi-centric hepatocellular carcinoma patient. Conclusion Acute dyspnea in a patient with a long history of hepatitis C virus infection raises the suspicion of acute PE due to either hypercoagulable state induced by malignancy or by cardiac extension of the tumor which usually carries high mortality rates. To the best of our knowledge, this case is the first case in the literature to show cardiac metastases in HCC with two different pathological mechanisms.

Published
2021
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34. Electrocardiogram Features in Non-Cardiac Diseases: From Mechanisms to Practical Aspects

Author

Ceasovschih,Alexandr, Șorodoc,Victorița, Covantsev,Serghei, Balta,Anastasia, Uzokov,Jamol, Kaiser,Sergio, Almaghraby,Abdallah, Lionte,Cătălina, Stătescu,Cristian, Sascău,Radu, Onofrei,Viviana, Haliga,Raluca Ecaterina, Stoica,Alexandra, Bologa,Cristina, Ailoaei,Ștefan, Şener,Yusuf Ziya, Kounis,Nicholas, Șorodoc,Laurențiu, Ceasovschih,Alexandr, Șorodoc,Victorița, Covantsev,Serghei, Balta,Anastasia, Uzokov,Jamol, Kaiser,Sergio, Almaghraby,Abdallah, Lionte,Cătălina, Stătescu,Cristian, Sascău,Radu, Onofrei,Viviana, Haliga,Raluca Ecaterina, Stoica,Alexandra, Bologa,Cristina, Ailoaei,Ștefan, Şener,Yusuf Ziya, Kounis,Nicholas, and Șorodoc,Laurențiu

Abstract

Alexandr Ceasovschih,1,2,&ast; Victorița Șorodoc,1,2 Serghei Covantsev,3,&ast; Anastasia Balta,1,2,&ast; Jamol Uzokov,4,&ast; Sergio E Kaiser,5 Abdallah Almaghraby,6 C&abreve;t&abreve;lina Lionte,1,2 Cristian St&abreve;tescu,1,7 Radu A Sasc&abreve;u,1,7 Viviana Onofrei,1,8 Raluca Ecaterina Haliga,1,2,&ast; Alexandra Stoica,1,2,&ast; Cristina Bologa,1,2 Ștefan Ailoaei,7 Yusuf Ziya &Scedil;ener,9 Nicholas G Kounis,10 Laurențiu Șorodoc1,2 1Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania; 2 2nd Internal Medicine Department, “Sf. Spiridon” Clinical Emergency Hospital, Iasi, Romania; 3Department of Research and Clinical Development, Botkin Hospital, Moscow, Russia; 4Department of Cardiology, Republican Specialized Scientific Practical Medical Center of Therapy and Medical Rehabilitation, Tashkent, Uzbekistan; 5Discipline of Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; 6Department of Cardiology, Ibrahim Bin Hamad Obaidallah Hospital, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates; 7Department of Cardiology, “Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu” Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, Iasi, Romania; 8Department of Cardiology, “Sf. Spiridon” Clinical Emergency Hospital, Iasi, Romania; 9Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkiye; 10Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Greece&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Victorița Șorodoc, 2nd Internal Medicine Department, “Sf. Spiridon” Clinical Emergency Hospital, Independentei 1 Street, Iasi, 700106, Romania, Tel +40232 240 822, Email vivisorodoc@yahoo.com Viviana Onofrei, Cardiology Department, “Sf. Spiridon” Clinical Emergency Hospital, Independentei 1 Street, Iasi, 700106, Romania, Email onofreiviviana@gmail.comAbstract: Despite the not

Published
2024

35. Acute Right Ventricular Failure: Pathophysiology, diagnostic approach with emphasis on the role of echocardiography

Author

Tun, H, Almaghraby, A, Kavalerchyk, V, Muraru, D, Soliman-Aboumarie, H, Abdelnabi, M, Tun, Han Naung, Almaghraby, Abdallah, Kavalerchyk, Vladyslav, Muraru, Denisa, Soliman-Aboumarie, Hatem, Abdelnabi, Mahmoud, Tun, H, Almaghraby, A, Kavalerchyk, V, Muraru, D, Soliman-Aboumarie, H, Abdelnabi, M, Tun, Han Naung, Almaghraby, Abdallah, Kavalerchyk, Vladyslav, Muraru, Denisa, Soliman-Aboumarie, Hatem, and Abdelnabi, Mahmoud

Abstract

Right ventricular function is one of the important predictors of survival in heart failure patients. In the past, there has been only limited knowledge regarding right-sided heart failure when compared to left-sided failure. However, there are more emerging data in recent years, and several studies have emphasized the unique features of the right ventricle regarding its anatomy, pathophysiology, clinical consequences, diagnostic modalities, and treatment options. Despite that, management of acute right ventricular failure is still challenging. This article summarizes an overview of acute right heart failure including pathophysiology, causes, clinical features, and diagnostic work-up with emphasis on the role of echocardiography.

Published
2023

36. Socioeconomic variations determine the clinical presentation, aetiology, and outcome of infective endocarditis: a prospective cohort study from the ESC-EORP EURO-ENDO (European Infective Endocarditis) registry

Author

Sengupta, S, Prendergast, B, Laroche, C, Furnaz, S, Ronderos, R, Almaghraby, A, Asch, F, Blechova, K, Zaky, H, Strahilevitz, J, Dworakowski, R, Miyasaka, Y, Sebag, I, Izumi, C, Axler, O, Jamiel, A, Philip, M, Vieira, M, Lancellotti, P, Habib, G, Gale, C, Beleslin, B, Budaj, A, Chioncel, O, Dagres, N, Danchin, N, Emberson, J, Erlinge, D, Glikson, M, Gray, A, Kayikcioglu, M, Maggioni, A, Nagy, V, Nedoshivin, A, Petronio, A, Roos-Hesselink, J, Wallentin, L, Zeymer, U, Cosyns, B, Donal, E, Erba, P, Iung, B, Popescu, B, Tornos, P, Andarala, M, Berle, C, Brunel-Lebecq, A, Fiorucci, E, Missiamenou, V, Taylor, C, Ali Tatar-Chentir, N, Al-Mallah, M, Astrom Aneq, M, Athanassopoulos, G, Badano, L, Benyoussef, S, Calderon Aranda, E, Cardim, N, Chan, K, Cruz, I, Edvardsen, T, Goliasch, G, Hagendorff, A, Hristova, K, Kamp, O, Kang, D, Kong, W, Matskeplishvili, S, Meshaal, M, Mirocevic, M, Neskovic, A, Pazdernik, M, Plonska-Gosciniak, E, Raissouni, M, Sade, L, Sadeghpour, A, Sambola, A, Separovic-Hanzevacki, J, Takeuchi, M, Tucay, E, Tude Rodrigues, A, Varga, A, Vaskelyte, J, Yamagata, K, Yiangou, K, Granada, I, Mahia, M, Ressi, S, Na-Cinovich, F, Iribarren, A, Fernandez Oses, P, Avegliano, G, Filipini, E, Obregon, R, Bangher, M, Dho, J, Cartasegna, L, Plastino, M, Novas, V, Shigel, C, Reyes, G, De Santos, M, Gastaldello, N, Granillo Fernandez, M, Potito, M, Streit-Enberger, G, Velazco, P, Casabe, J, Cortes, C, Guevara, E, Salmo, F, Seijo, M, Weidinger, F, Heger, M, Brooks, R, Stollberger, C, Ho, C, Perschy, L, Puskas, L, Binder, C, Rosenhek, R, Schneider, M, Winter, M, Hoffer, E, Melis-Sopoulou, M, Lecoq, E, Legrand, D, Jacquet, S, Massoz, M, Pierard, L, Marchetta, S, Dulgheru, R, D'Emal, C, Oury, C, Droog-Mans, S, Kerkhove, D, Plein, D, Soens, L, Weytjens, C, Motoc, A, Roosens, B, Lemoine, I, Rodrigus, I, Paelinck, B, Am-Sel, B, Unger, P, Konopnicki, D, Beauloye, C, Pasquet, A, Vanoverschelde, J, Pierard, S, Vancraeynest, D, Sinnaeve, F, Andrade, J, Staszko, K, Dos Santos Monteiro, R, Miglioranza, M, Shuha, D, Alcantara, M, Cravo, V, Fazzio, L, Felix, A, Iso, M, Musa, C, Siciliano, A, Villaca Filho, F, Rodrigues, A, Vilela, F, Braga, J, Silva, R, Rodrigues, D, Silva, L, Morhy, S, Fischer, C, Afonso, T, Abreu, J, Falcao, S, Moises, V, Gou-Vea, A, Mancuso, F, Souza, A, Silva, C, Joao, G, Abboud, C, Bellio de Mattos Barretto, R, Ramos, A, Arnoni, R, Assef, J, Della Togna, D, Le Bihan, D, Miglioli, L, Romero Oliveira, A, Tadeu Magro Kroll, R, Cortez, D, Gelape, C, Peirira Nunes, M, De Abreu Ferrari, T, Hay, K, Le, V, Page, M, Poulin, F, Sauve, C, Serri, K, Mercure, C, Beaudoin, J, Pibarot, P, Rudski, L, Ricafort, G, Barsic, B, Krajinovic, V, Vargovic, M, Lovric, D, Reskovic-Luksic, V, Vincelj, J, Jaksic Jurinjak, S, Yiannikourides, V, Ioannides, M, Pofaides, C, Masoura, V, Pudich, J, Linhart, A, Siranec, M, Marek, J, Kamenik, M, Pelouch, R, Coufal, Z, Mikulica, M, Griva, M, Jancova, E, Mikulcova, M, Taborsky, M, Precek, J, Jecmenova, M, Latal, J, Widimsky, J, Butta, T, Machacek, S, Vancata, R, Spinar, J, Holicka, M, Pow Chon Long, F, Anzules, N, Bajana Carpio, A, Largacha, G, Penaherrera, E, Moreira, D, Mahfouz, E, Elsafty, E, Soliman, A, Zayed, Y, Aboulenein, J, Abdel-Hay, M, Abdelnaby, M, Ahmed, M, Hammad, B, Saleh, Y, Zahran, H, El-Gebaly, O, Saad, A, Ali, M, Zeid, A, El Sharkawy, R, Al Kholy, A, Doss, R, Osama, D, Rizk, H, Elmogy, A, Mishriky, M, Assayag, P, El Hatimi, S, Hubert, S, Casalta, J, Gouriet, F, Arregle, F, Cammilleri, S, Tessonnier, L, Riberi, A, Botelho-Nevers, E, Gagneux-Brunon, A, Pierrard, R, Tulane, C, Campisi, S, Fuzellier, J, Detoc, M, Mehalla, T, Boutoille, D, Lecompte, A, Lefebvre, M, Pattier, S, Al Habash, O, Asseray-Madani, N, Biron, C, Brochard, J, Caillon, J, Cueff, C, Le Tourneau, T, Lecomte, R, Magali Michel, M, Orain, J, Delarue, S, Le Bras, M, Faucher, J, Aboyans, V, Bee-Harry, A, Durox, H, Lacoste, M, Magne, J, Mohty, D, David, A, Pradel, V, Sierra, V, Neykova, A, Bettayeb, B, Elkentaoui, S, Tzvetkov, B, Landry, G, Strady, C, Ainine, K, Baumard, S, Brasselet, C, Tassigny, C, Valente-Pires, V, Lefranc, M, Hoen, B, Lefevre, B, Curlier, E, Callier, C, Fourcade, N, Jobic, Y, Ansard, S, Le Berre, R, Le Ven, F, Pouliquen, M, Prat, G, Le Roux, P, Bouchart, F, Savoure, A, Alarcon, C, Chapuzet, C, Gueit, I, Tribouilloy, C, Bohbot, Y, Peugnet, F, Gun, M, Duval, X, Lescure, X, Ilic-Habensus, E, Sadoul, N, Selton-Suty, C, Alla, F, Goehringer, F, Huttin, O, Chevalier, E, Garcia, R, Le Marcis, V, Tattevin, P, Flecher, E, Revest, M, Chirouze, C, Bouiller, K, Hustache-Mathieu, L, Klopfenstein, T, Moreau, J, Fournier, D, Brunel, A, Lim, P, Oliver, L, Ternacle, J, Moussafeur, A, Chavanet, P, Piroth, L, Salmon-Rousseau, A, Buisson, M, Mahy, S, Martins, C, Go-Hier, S, Baumann, F, Lebras, S, Piper, C, Guckel, D, Borgermann, J, Horstkotte, D, Winkelmann, E, Brockmeier, B, Grey, D, Nick-Enig, G, Schueler, R, Ozturk, C, Stohr, E, Hamm, C, Walther, T, Brandt, R, Fruhauf, A, Hartung, C, Hellner, C, Wild, C, Becker, M, Hamada, S, Kaestner, W, Stangl, K, Knebel, F, Baldenhofer, G, Brecht, A, Dreger, H, Isner, C, Pfafflin, F, Stegemann, M, Zahn, R, Fraiture, B, Kilkowski, C, Karcher, A, Klinger, S, Tolksdorf, H, Tousoulis, D, Aggeli, C, Sideris, S, Venieri, E, Sarri, G, Tsiapras, D, Armenis, I, Koutsiari, A, Floros, G, Grassos, C, Dragasis, S, Rallidis, L, Varlamos, C, Michalis, L, Naka, K, Bechlioulis, A, Kotsia, A, Lakkas, L, Pappas, K, Papadopoulos, C, Kiokas, S, Lioni, A, Misailidou, S, Bar-Betseas, J, Bonou, M, Kapelios, C, Tomprou, I, Zerva, K, Manolis, A, Hamodraka, E, Athanasiou, D, Haralambidis, G, Samaras, H, Poulimenos, L, Nagy, A, Bartykowszki, A, Gara, E, Mungulmare, K, Kasliwal, R, Bansal, M, Ranjan, S, Bhan, A, Kyavar, M, Maleki, M, Noohi Bezanjani, F, Alizadehasl, A, Boudagh, S, Ghavidel, A, Morad-Nejad, P, Pasha, H, Ghadrdoost, B, Gilon, D, Wanounou, M, Israel, S, D'Agostino, C, Colonna, P, De Michele, L, Fumarola, F, Stante, M, Mar-Chionni, N, Scheggi, V, Alterini, B, Del Pace, S, Stefano, P, Sparano, C, Ruozi, N, Tenaglia, R, Muraru, D, Limbruno, U, Cresti, A, Baratta, P, Solari, M, Giannattasio, C, Moreo, A, De Chiara, B, Lopez Montero, B, Musca, F, Orcese, C, Panzeri, F, Spano, F, Russo, C, Alferi, O, De Bonis, M, Chiappetta, S, Del Forno, B, Ripa, M, Scarpellini, P, Tassan Din, C, Castiglioni, B, Pasci-Uta, R, Carletti, S, Ferrara, D, Guffanti, M, Iaci, G, Lapenna, E, Nisi, T, Oltolini, C, Busnardo, E, Pajoro, U, Agricola, E, Meneghin, R, Schiavi, D, Piscione, F, Citro, R, Benvenga, R, Greco, L, Soriente, L, Radano, I, Prota, C, Bellino, M, Di Vece, D, Santini, F, Salsano, A, Olivieri, G, Turrini, F, Messora, R, Tondi, S, Olaru, A, Agnoletto, V, Grassi, L, Leonardi, C, Sansoni, S, Del Ponte, S, Actis Dato, G, De Martino, A, Ohte, N, Kikuchi, S, Wakami, K, Aonuma, K, Seo, Y, Ishizu, T, Machino-Ohtsuka, T, Yamamoto, M, Iida, N, Nakajima, H, Nakagawa, Y, Amano, M, Miyake, M, Takahashi, K, Shiojima, I, Maeba, H, Suwa, Y, Taniguchi, N, Tsujimoto, S, Kitai, T, Ota, M, Yuda, S, Sasaki, S, Hagiwara, N, Yamazaki, K, Ashihara, K, Arai, K, Saitou, C, Saitou, S, Suzuki, G, Shibata, Y, Watanabe, N, Nishino, S, Ashikaga, K, Kuriyama, N, Mahara, K, Okubo, T, Fujimaki, H, Shi-Tan, H, Yamamoto, H, Abe, K, Terada, M, Takanashi, S, Sata, M, Yamada, H, Kusunose, K, Saijo, Y, Seno, H, Yuichiro, O, Onishi, T, Sera, F, Nakatani, S, Mizuno, H, Sengoku, K, Park, S, Eun Kyoung, K, Ga Yeon, L, Hwang, J, Jin-Oh, C, Sang-Chol, L, Sung-A, C, Jang, S, Heo, R, Lee, S, Song, J, Jung, E, Plisiene, J, Dambrauskaite, A, Gruodyte, G, Jonkaitiene, R, Mizariene, V, Atkocaityte, J, Zvirblyte, R, Sow, R, Codreanu, A, Staub, T, Michaux, C, De la Vega, E, Jacobs-Orazi, L, Mallia Azzopardi, C, Xuereb, R, Pis-Copo, T, Farrugia, J, Fenech, M, Pllaha, E, Vella, C, Borg, D, Casha, R, Grib, L, Raevschi, E, Gre-Jdieru, A, Kravcenco, D, Prisacari, E, Samohvalov, E, Samohvalov, S, Sceglova, N, Panfle, E, Cardaniuc, L, Corcea, V, Feodorovici, A, Gaina, V, Girbu, L, Jimbei, P, Balan, G, Cardaniuc, I, Benesco, I, Marian, V, Sumarga, N, Bozovic, B, Bulatovic, N, Lakovic, P, Music, L, Budde, R, Waha-Dat, A, Gamela, T, Meijers, T, Van Melle, J, Deursen, V, Crijns, H, Bekkers, S, Cheriex, E, Gilbers, M, Kietselaer, B, Knackstedt, C, Lorusso, R, Schalla, S, Streukens, S, Chamuleau, S, Cramer, M, Teske, A, Van der Spoel, T, Wind, A, Lokhorst, J, Liesbek, O, Van Heusden, H, Tanis, W, Van der Bilt, I, Vriend, J, De Lange-Van Bruggen, H, Karijodikoro, E, Riezebos, R, van Dongen, E, Schoep, J, Stolk, V, Offstad, J, Beitnes, J, Helle-Valle, T, Skulstad, H, Skardal, R, Qamar, N, Ahmed, B, Butt, M, Khanzada, M, Saghir, T, Wahid, A, Hryniewiecki, T, Szymanski, P, Marzec, K, Misztal-Ogonowska, M, Kosmala, W, Przewlocka-Kosmala, M, Rojek, A, Woznicka, K, Zachwyc, J, Lisowska, A, Kamin-Ska, M, Kasprzak, J, Kowalczyk, E, Strzecka, D, Wejner-Mik, P, Trabulo, M, Freitas, P, Ranchordas, S, Rodrigues, G, Pinto, P, Queiros, C, Azevedo, J, Marques, L, Seabra, D, Branco, L, Cruz, 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P., Prendergast B., Laroche C., Furnaz S., Ronderos R., Almaghraby A., Asch F. M., Blechova K., Zaky H., Strahilevitz J., Dworakowski R., Miyasaka Y., Sebag I., Izumi C., Axler O., Jamiel A., Philip M., Vieira M. L. C., Lancellotti P., Habib G., Gale C. P., Beleslin B., Budaj A., Chioncel O., Dagres N., Danchin N., Emberson J., Erlinge D., Glikson M., Gray A., Kayikcioglu M., Maggioni A. P., Nagy V. K., Nedoshivin A., Petronio A. -S., Roos-Hesselink J., Wallentin L., Zeymer U., Cosyns B., Donal E., Erba P., Iung B., Popescu B. A., Tornos P., Andarala M., Berle C., Brunel-Lebecq A., Fiorucci E., Missiamenou V., Taylor C., Ali Tatar-Chentir N. N., Al-Mallah M., Astrom Aneq M., Athanassopoulos G., Badano L. P., Benyoussef S., Calderon Aranda E., Cardim N. M., Chan K. -L., Cruz I., Edvardsen T., Goliasch G., Hagendorff A., Hristova K., Kamp O., Kang D. -H., Kong W., Matskeplishvili S., Meshaal M., Mirocevic M., Neskovic A. N., Pazdernik M., Plonska-Gosciniak E., Raissouni M., Sade L. E., Sadeghpour A., Sambola A., Separovic-Hanzevacki J., Takeuchi M., Tucay E., Tude Rodrigues A. C., Varga A., Vaskelyte J., Yamagata K., Yiangou K., Granada I., Mahia M., Ressi S., Na-Cinovich F., Iribarren A., Fernandez Oses P., Avegliano G., Filipini E., Obregon R., Bangher M., Dho J., Cartasegna L., Plastino M. L., Novas V., Shigel C., Reyes G., De Santos M., Gastaldello N., Granillo Fernandez M., Potito M., Streit-Enberger G., Velazco P., Casabe J. H., Cortes C., Guevara E., Salmo F., Seijo M., Weidinger F., Heger M., Brooks R., Stollberger C., Ho C. -Y., Perschy L., Puskas L., Binder C., Rosenhek R., Schneider M., Winter M. -P., Hoffer E., Melis-Sopoulou M., Lecoq E., Legrand D., Jacquet S., Massoz M., Pierard L., Marchetta S., Dulgheru R., D'Emal C., Oury C., Droog-Mans S., Kerkhove D., Plein D., Soens L., Weytjens C., Motoc A., Roosens B., Lemoine I., Rodrigus I., Paelinck B., Am-Sel B., Unger P., Konopnicki D., Beauloye C., Pasquet A., Vanoverschelde J. L., Pierard S., Vancraeynest D., Sinnaeve F., Andrade J. L., Staszko K., Dos Santos Monteiro R., Miglioranza M. H., Shuha D. L., Alcantara M., Cravo V., Fazzio L., Felix A., Iso M., Musa C., Siciliano A. P., Villaca Filho F., Rodrigues A., Vilela F., Braga J., Silva R., Rodrigues D., Silva L., Morhy S., Fischer C., Afonso T., Abreu J., Falcao S. N., Moises V. A., Gou-Vea A., Mancuso F. J., Souza A. C., Silva C. Y., Joao G., Abboud C. S., Bellio de Mattos Barretto R., Ramos A., Arnoni R., Assef J. E., Della Togna D. J., Le Bihan D., Miglioli L., Romero Oliveira A. P., Tadeu Magro Kroll R., Cortez D., Gelape C. L., Peirira Nunes M. D. C., De Abreu Ferrari T. C., Hay K., Le V., Page M., Poulin F., Sauve C., Serri K., Mercure C., Beaudoin J., Pibarot P., Rudski L. G., Ricafort G., Barsic B., Krajinovic V., Vargovic M., Lovric D., Reskovic-Luksic V., Vincelj J., Jaksic Jurinjak S., Yiannikourides V., Ioannides M., Pofaides C., Masoura V., Pudich J., Linhart A., Siranec M., Marek J., Kamenik M., Pelouch R., Coufal Z., Mikulica M., Griva M., Jancova E., Mikulcova M., Taborsky M., Precek J., Jecmenova M., Latal J., Widimsky J., Butta T., Machacek S., Vancata R., Spinar J., Holicka M., Pow Chon Long F., Anzules N., Bajana Carpio A., Largacha G., Penaherrera E., Moreira D., Mahfouz E., Elsafty E., Soliman A., Zayed Y., Aboulenein J., Abdel-Hay M., Abdelnaby M., Ahmed M., Hammad B., Saleh Y., Zahran H., El-Gebaly O., Saad A., Ali M., Zeid A., El Sharkawy R., Al Kholy A., Doss R., Osama D., Rizk H., Elmogy A., Mishriky M., Assayag P., El Hatimi S., Hubert S., Casalta J. -P., Gouriet F., Arregle F., Cammilleri S., Tessonnier L., Riberi A., Botelho-Nevers E., Gagneux-Brunon A., Pierrard R., Tulane C., Campisi S., Fuzellier J. -F., Detoc M., Mehalla T., Boutoille D., Lecompte A. S., Lefebvre M., Pattier S., Al Habash O., Asseray-Madani N., Biron C., Brochard J., Caillon J., Cueff C., Le Tourneau T., Lecomte R., Magali Michel M. M., Orain J., Delarue S., Le Bras M., Faucher J. -F., Aboyans V., Bee-Harry A., Durox H., Lacoste M., Magne J., Mohty D., David A., Pradel V., Sierra V., Neykova A., Bettayeb B., Elkentaoui S., Tzvetkov B., Landry G., Strady C., Ainine K., Baumard S., Brasselet C., Tassigny C., Valente-Pires V., Lefranc M., Hoen B., Lefevre B., Curlier E., Callier C., Fourcade N., Jobic Y., Ansard S., Le Berre R., Le Ven F., Pouliquen M. -C., Prat G., Le Roux P., Bouchart F., Savoure A., Alarcon C., Chapuzet C., Gueit I., Tribouilloy C., Bohbot Y., Peugnet F., Gun M., Duval X., Lescure X., Ilic-Habensus E., Sadoul N., Selton-Suty C., Alla F., Goehringer F., Huttin O., Chevalier E., Garcia R., Le Marcis V., Tattevin P., Flecher E., Revest M., Chirouze C., Bouiller K., Hustache-Mathieu L., Klopfenstein T., Moreau J., Fournier D., Brunel A. -S., Lim P., Oliver L., Ternacle J., Moussafeur A., Chavanet P., Piroth L., Salmon-Rousseau A., Buisson M., Mahy S., Martins C., Go-Hier S., Baumann F., Lebras S., Piper C., Guckel D., Borgermann J., Horstkotte D., Winkelmann E., Brockmeier B., Grey D., Nick-Enig G., Schueler R., Ozturk C., Stohr E., Hamm C., Walther T., Brandt R., Fruhauf A. -C., Hartung C. T., Hellner C., Wild C., Becker M., Hamada S., Kaestner W., Stangl K., Knebel F., Baldenhofer G., Brecht A., Dreger H., Isner C., Pfafflin F., Stegemann M., Zahn R., Fraiture B., Kilkowski C., Karcher A. -K., Klinger S., Tolksdorf H., Tousoulis D., Aggeli C., Sideris S., Venieri E., Sarri G., Tsiapras D., Armenis I., Koutsiari A., Floros G., Grassos C., Dragasis S., Rallidis L., Varlamos C., Michalis L., Naka K., Bechlioulis A., Kotsia A., Lakkas L., Pappas K., Papadopoulos C., Kiokas S., Lioni A., Misailidou S., Bar-Betseas J., Bonou M., Kapelios C., Tomprou I., Zerva K., Manolis A., Hamodraka E., Athanasiou D., Haralambidis G., Samaras H., Poulimenos L., Nagy A., Bartykowszki A., Gara E., Mungulmare K., Kasliwal R., Bansal M., Ranjan S., Bhan A., Kyavar M., Maleki M., Noohi Bezanjani F., Alizadehasl A., Boudagh S., Ghavidel A., Morad-Nejad P., Pasha H. R., Ghadrdoost B., Gilon D., Wanounou M., Israel S., d'Agostino C., Colonna P., De Michele L., Fumarola F., Stante M., Mar-Chionni N., Scheggi V., Alterini B., Del Pace S., Stefano P., Sparano C., Ruozi N., Tenaglia R., Muraru D., Limbruno U., Cresti A., Baratta P., Solari M., Giannattasio C., Moreo A., De Chiara B., Lopez Montero B., Musca F., Orcese C. A., Panzeri F., Spano F., Russo C. F., Alferi O., De Bonis M., Chiappetta S., Del Forno B., Ripa M., Scarpellini P., Tassan Din C., Castiglioni B., Pasci-Uta R., Carletti S., Ferrara D., Guffanti M., Iaci G., Lapenna E., Nisi T., Oltolini C., Busnardo E., Pajoro U., Agricola E., Meneghin R., Schiavi D., Piscione F., Citro R., Benvenga R. M., Greco L., Soriente L., Radano I., Prota C., Bellino M., Di Vece D., Santini F., Salsano A., Olivieri G. M., Turrini F., Messora R., Tondi S., Olaru A., Agnoletto V., Grassi L., Leonardi C., Sansoni S., Del Ponte S., Actis Dato G. M., De Martino A., Ohte N., Kikuchi S., Wakami K., Aonuma K., Seo Y., Ishizu T., Machino-Ohtsuka T., Yamamoto M., Iida N., Nakajima H., Nakagawa Y., Amano M., Miyake M., Takahashi K., Shiojima I., Maeba H., Suwa Y., Taniguchi N., Tsujimoto S., Kitai T., Ota M., Yuda S., Sasaki S., Hagiwara N., Yamazaki K., Ashihara K., Arai K., Saitou C., Saitou S., Suzuki G., Shibata Y., Watanabe N., Nishino S., Ashikaga K., Kuriyama N., Mahara K., Okubo T., Fujimaki H., Shi-Tan H., Yamamoto H., Abe K., Terada M., Takanashi S., Sata M., Yamada H., Kusunose K., Saijo Y., Seno H., Yuichiro O., Onishi T., Sera F., Nakatani S., Mizuno H., Sengoku K., Park S. W., Eun Kyoung K., Ga Yeon L., Hwang J. -W., Jin-Oh C., Park S. -J., Sang-Chol L., Sung-A C., Jang S. Y., Heo R., Lee S., Song J. -M., Jung E., Plisiene J., Dambrauskaite A., Gruodyte G., Jonkaitiene R., Mizariene V., Atkocaityte J., Zvirblyte R., Sow R., Codreanu A., Staub T., Michaux C., De la Vega E. C. L., Jacobs-Orazi L., Mallia Azzopardi C., Xuereb R. G., Pis-Copo T., Farrugia J., Fenech M., Pllaha E., Vella C., Borg D., Casha R., Grib L., Raevschi E., Gre-Jdieru A., Kravcenco D., Prisacari E., Samohvalov E., Samohvalov S., Sceglova N., Panfle E., Cardaniuc L., Corcea V., Feodorovici A., Gaina V., Girbu L., Jimbei P., Balan G., Cardaniuc I., Benesco I., Marian V., Sumarga N., Bozovic B., Bulatovic N., Lakovic P., Music L., Budde R., Waha-Dat A., Gamela T., Meijers T., Van Melle J. P., Deursen V. M., Crijns H. J., Bekkers S. C., Cheriex E. C., Gilbers M., Kietselaer B. L., Knackstedt C., Lorusso R., Schalla S., Streukens S. A., Chamuleau S., Cramer M. -J., Teske A., Van der Spoel T., Wind A., Lokhorst J., Liesbek O., Van Heusden H., Tanis W., Van der Bilt I., Vriend J., De Lange-Van Bruggen H., Karijodikoro E., Riezebos R., van Dongen E., Schoep J., Stolk V., Offstad J. T., Beitnes J. O., Helle-Valle T., Skulstad H., Skardal R., Qamar N., Ahmed B., Butt M. H., Khanzada M. F., Saghir T., Wahid A., Hryniewiecki T., Szymanski P., Marzec K., Misztal-Ogonowska M., Kosmala W., Przewlocka-Kosmala M., Rojek A., Woznicka K., Zachwyc J., Lisowska A., Kamin-Ska M., Kasprzak J. D., Kowalczyk E., Strzecka D. F., Wejner-Mik P., Trabulo M., Freitas P., Ranchordas S., Rodrigues G., Pinto P., Queiros C., Azevedo J., Marques L., Seabra D., Branco L., Cruz M., Galrinho A., Moreira R., Rio P., Timoteo A. T., Selas M., Carmelo V., Duque Neves B., Pereira H., Guerra A., Marques A., Pintassilgo I., Tomescu M. C., Trofenciuc N. -M., Andor M., Bordejevic A., Branea H. S., Caruntu F., Velcean L. A., Mavrea A., Onel M. F., Parvanescu T., Pop D., Pop-Moldovan A. L., Puticiu M. I., Cirin L., Citu I. M., Cotoraci C. A., Darabantiu D., Farcas R., Marincu I., Ionac A., Cozma D., Mornos C., Goanta F., Popescu I., Beyer R., Mada R., Rancea R., Tomoaia R., Rosianu H., Stanescu C., Kobalava Z., Karaulova J., Ko-Tova E., Milto A., Pisaryuk A., Povalyaev N., Sorokina M., Alrahimi J., Elshiekh A., Ahmed A., Attia N., Putnikovic B., Dimic A., Ivanovic B., Matic S., Trifunovic D., Petrovic J., Kosevic D., Stojanovic I., Petrovic I., Dabic P., Milojevic P., Srdanovic I., Susak S., Velicki L., Vulin A., Kovacevic M., Redzek A., Stefanovic M., Yeo T. C., Kong W. K. F., Poh K. K., Vi-Lacosta I., Ferrera C., Olmos C., Abd El-Nasser M., Calvo Iglesias F., Bianco-Gonzalez E., Bravo Amaro M., Lopez-Rodriguez E., Lugo Adan J., Germinas A. N., Pazos-Lopez P., Pereira Loureiro M., Perez M. T., Raposeiras-Roubin S., Rasheed Yas S., Suarez-Varela M. -M., Vasallo Vidal F., Garcia-Dorado D., Fernandez-Hidalgo N., Gonzalez-Alujas T., Lozano J., Maisterra O., Pizzi N., Rios R., Bayes-Genis A., Pedro Botet L., Vallejo N., Llibre C., Mateu L., Nunez R., Quesada D., Berastegui E., Bosch Portell D., Aboal Vinas J., Albert Bertran X., Brugada Tar-Radellas R., Loma-Osorio Ricon P., Tiron de Llano C., Arnau M. A., Bel A., Blanes M., Osa A., Anguita M., Carrasco F., Castillo J. C., Zamorano J. L., Moya Mur J. L., Alvaro M., Fernandez-Golfin C., Monteagudo J. M., Navas Elorza E., Farinas Alvarez M. C., Aguero Balbin J., Zarauza J., Gutierrez-Diez J. F., Arminanzas C., Arnaiz de las Revillas F., Arnaiz Garcia A., Cobo Belaustegui M., Fernandez Sampedro M., Gutierrez Cuadra M., Garcia Cuello L., Gonzalez Rico C., Rodriguez-Alvarez R., Goikoetxea J., Montejo M., Miro J. M., Almela M., Ambrosioni J., Moreno A., Quintana E., Sandoval E., Tellez A., Tolosana J. M., Vidal B., Falces C., Fuster D., Garcia-De-la-Maria C., Hernandez-Meneses M., Llopis J., Marco F., Ruiz-Zamora I., Bardaji Ruiz A., Sanz Girgas E., Garcia-Pardo G., Guillen Marzo M., Rodriguez Oviedo A., Villares Jimenez A., Abid L., Ham-Mami R., Kammoun S., Mourali M. S., Mghaieth Zghal F., Ben Hlima M., Boudiche S., Ouali S., Zakhama L., Antit S., Slama I., Gulel O., Sahin M., Karacaglar E., Kucukoglu S., Cetinarslan O., Sinan U. Y., Canpolat U., Mutlu B., Atas H., Dervishova R., Ileri C., Alhashmi J., Tahir J., Zarger P., Baslib F., Woldman S., Menezes L., Primus C., Uppal R., Bvekerwa I., Chandrasekaran B., Kopanska A., Chambers J., Hancock J., Klein J., Rajani R., Ursi M. P., Cannata S., Fife A., Breeze J., Browne-Morgan M., Gunning M., Streather S., Zemedkun M., Alyavi B., and Uzokov J.

Abstract

Aims Infective endocarditis (IE) is a life-threatening disease associated with high mortality and morbidity worldwide. We sought to determine how socioeconomic factors might influence its epidemiology, clinical presentation, investigation and management, and outcome, in a large international multicentre registry. Methods and results The EurObservational Programme (EORP) of the European Society of Cardiology EURO-ENDO (European Infective Endocarditis) registry comprises a prospective cohort of 3113 adult patients admitted for IE in 156 hospitals in 40 countries between January 2016 and March 2018. Patients were separated in three groups, according to World Bank economic stratification [group 1: high income (75.6%); group 2: upper-middle income (15.4%); group 3: lower-middle income (9.1%)]. Group 3 patients were younger [median age (interquartile range, IQR): group 1, 66 (53-75) years; group 2, 57 (41-68) years; group 3, 33 (26-43) years; P < 0.001] with a higher frequency of smokers, intravenous drug use, and human immunodeficiency virus infection (all P < 0.001) and presented later [median (IQR) days since symptom onset: group 1, 12 (3-35); group 2, 19 (6-54); group 3, 31 (12-62); P < 0.001] with a higher likelihood of developing congestive heart failure (13.6%, 11.1%, and 22.6%, respectively; P < 0.001) and persistent fever (9.8%, 14.2%, and 27.9%, respectively; P < 0.001). Among 2157 (69.3%) patients with theoretical indication for cardiac surgery, surgery was performed less frequently in group 3 patients (75.5%, 76.8%, and 51.3%, respectively; P < 0.001), who also demonstrated the highest mortality (15.0%, 23.0%, and 23.7%, respectively; P < 0.001). Conclusion Socioeconomic factors influence the clinical profile of patients presenting with IE across the world. Despite younger age, patients from the poorest countries presented with more frequent complications and higher mortality associated with delayed diagnosis and lower use of surgery.

Published
2023

37. Isolated myeloid sarcoma: A unique porta hepatis location in a 2-year-old child

Author

Adil Abdelhamed Abbas and Hatim Qasim Almaghraby

Subjects
granulocytic sarcoma, isolated myeloid sarcoma, myeloid sarcoma, porta hepatis, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Myeloid sarcoma (MS) or chloroma represents extramedullary accumulation of immature myeloid cells. In the World Health Organization classifications, these tumors are called granulocytic sarcomas. MS may occur concomitantly or precede the development of myeloid tumors such as acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) by several weeks to months. Occasionally, MS represents extramedullary blast transformation of chronic myeloid leukemia and other chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms and myelodysplastic syndromes or indicates relapse in previously treated patients. Immunohistochemistry represents the gold standard of histopathological diagnosis, given the similarity of the MS medium to large-size tumor cells to many other malignant cell infiltrates making them hard to identify. Diagnosis is often difficult to reach and is missed in up to 50% of the isolated MS lesions, especially when immunohistochemistry is not properly used. MS can affect variety of body tissue organs such as the skin, bone, gastrointestinal tract, mucosal tissue, and the central nervous system. Isolated MS of the biliary system is rare. We report a 2-year-old boy with isolated MS affecting the porta hepatis (PH) who responded well to AML-type chemotherapy. Few cases of MS were reported in pediatric patients affecting the liver and biliary system. The development of isolated MS in the PH is extremely rare and has not been previously reported in the literature. To our knowledge, this is the first child to be reported with sole involvement of such location.

Published
2020
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40. Propofol versus Dexmedetomidine for Sedation of Cancer Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography: Randomized Single-Blinded Controlled Study.

Author

Soliman, Ahmed Mohamed, Hamad, Yehya Mohamed, Almaghraby, Abeer AbdElmonem, Mohamed, Ahmed Abdalla, and Abdallah, Shady Rady

Subjects
DEXMEDETOMIDINE, PROPOFOL, ENDOSCOPIC retrograde cholangiopancreatography, CANCER patients, TREATMENT effectiveness, THERAPEUTICS research
Abstract

The article discusses research which compared the efficacy of dexmedetomidine and propofol in sedating cancer patients during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Topics explored include the diagnostic and therapeutic applications for ERCP, the dexmedetomidine and propofol dosage administered to patients involved in the study, and the vital signs and patient outcomes recorded following the procedure.

Published
2024
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41. Hepatocellular carcinoma with a direct right atrial extension in an HCV patient previously treated with direct-acting antiviral therapy: a case report

Author

Mahmoud Abdelnabi, Abdallah Almaghraby, Yehia Saleh, and Sherif Abd Elsamad

Subjects
Hepatocellular carcinoma, Direct extension, Tumor thrombus, Cirrhosis, Direct-acting antiviral therapy, Carcinogenesis, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Abstract Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is considered the third-leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Most cases of HCC are usually associated with liver cirrhosis due to various causes such as alcohol or more commonly viral hepatitis. Usually, patients remain asymptomatic for a long time, and symptoms are usually related to the cirrhosis itself or secondary to tumor extension. Intra-cardiac involvement with HCC rarely develops with a very poor prognosis. The occurrence and recurrence of HCC in cirrhotic patients treated with direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy (sofosbuvir) have been discussed in a few trials so far with no valid answer. Case presentation We are reporting a case of recurrent HCC with an accidentally discovered direct right atrial extension with tumor thrombus through the inferior vena cava (IVC) in a cirrhotic patient previously treated with DAA. Unfortunately, due to his critical general condition, he died within days. Conclusion Cardiac involvement in HCC rarely occurs and usually develops in advanced stages of HCC with very poor reported prognosis. Data regarding the relation between DAA and HCC development is controversial.

Published
2019
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42. Study protocol for a randomized, blinded, controlled trial of ketamine for acute painful crisis of sickle cell disease

Author

Mohammed S. Alshahrani, Laila Perlas Asonto, Mohamed M. El Tahan, Amal H. Al Sulaibikh, Sukayna Z. Al Faraj, Abdullah A. Al Mulhim, Murad F. Al Abbad, Samar A. Al Nahhash, Moath N. Aldarweesh, Alaa M. Mahmoud, Nisreen Almaghraby, Mohammed A. Al Jumaan, Thamir O. Al Junaid, Faisal M. Al Hawaj, Samar AlKenany, Omaima F. ElSayed, Haitham M. Abdelwahab, Mohamed M. Moussa, Bader K. Alossaimi, Shaikah K. Alotaibi, Talal M. AlMutairi, Duaa A. AlSulaiman, Saad D. Al Shahrani, Donia Alfaraj, and Waleed Alhazzani

Subjects
Acute painful crisis, Ketamine, Randomized control trial, Sickle cell disease, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Abstract Background Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited hematological disorder where the shape of red blood cells is altered, resulting in the destruction of red blood cells, anemia, and other complications. SCD is prevalent in the southern and eastern provinces of the Arabian peninsula. The most common complications for individuals with SCD are acute painful episodes that require several doses of intravenous opioids, making pain control for these individuals challenging. Instead of opioids, some studies have suggested that ketamine might be used for pain control in acute pain episodes of individuals with SCD. This study aims to evaluate whether the addition of ketamine to morphine can achieve better pain control, decreasing the number of repeated doses of opiates. We hypothesize that early administration of ketamine would lead to a more rapid improvement in pain score and lower opioid requirements. Methods and analysis This study will be a prospective, randomized, concealed, blinded, pragmatic parallel group, controlled trial enrolling adult patients with SCD and acute vaso-occlusive crisis pain. All patients will receive standard analgesic therapy during evaluation. Patients randomized to the treatment arm will receive low-dose ketamine (0.3 mg/kg in 0.9% sodium chloride, 100 ml bag) in addition to standard intravenous hydration, while those in the control group will receive a standard dose of morphine (0.1 mg/kg in 0.9% sodium chloride, 100 ml bag) in addition to the standard intravenous hydration. All healthcare providers will be blinded to the treatment arm. Data will be analyzed according to the intention-to-treat principle. The primary outcome is improvement in pain severity using the Numerical Pain Rating Score. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03431285. Registered on 13 February 2018

Published
2019
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44. Development of intracardiac thrombus in a young patient with antiphospholipid syndrome while she was on rivaroxaban: Case report and literature review

Author

Elabbass A. Abdelmahmuod, Abdelrahman Hamad, Ahmed Almaghraby, Samah Mohamed, and Maryam Alkuwari

Subjects
antiphospholipid syndrome, APS, intracardiac thrombus, right atrium, rivaroxaban, Medicine, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Abstract The probability of right heart thrombus co‐existence should be considered in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) who have pulmonary and cardiac symptoms. The prevention and management of intracardiac thrombotic events include early use of anticoagulation therapy.

Published
2021
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46. Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Catheterisation Laboratory Considerations: 'Looking for Essentials'

Author

Syed Haseeb Raza Naqvi, Madiha Fatima, Fady Gerges, Sara Moscatelli, Tugba Kemaloglu Oz, Irina Kotlar, Nigar Babazade, Arash Hashemi, and Abdallah Mostafa Almaghraby

Subjects
Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is a significant health crisis that impacts every healthcare system worldwide, and has led to a dramatic change in dealing with different diseases during the pandemic. Interventional cardiologists are frontline workers who deal with many cardiovascular emergencies, either in patients with proven COVID-19 or in suspected cases. Many heart associations worldwide are currently setting appropriate recommendations for the management of emergency cardiac interventions. In this expert opinion, the authors highlight the essential requirements in the cardiac catheterisation laboratory during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Published
2020
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47. Coronavirus Disease 2019 Myocarditis: Insights into Pathophysiology and Management

Author

Mahmoud Abdelnabi, Nouran Eshak, Yehia Saleh, and Abdallah Almaghraby

Subjects
Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

The world is dealing with a global pandemic of severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is the illness caused by SARS-CoV-2, is overwhelming healthcare systems around the world. Although the main clinical manifestations of COVID-19 are respiratory symptoms, several reports have noted myocarditis, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias and cardiac arrests as COVID-19 complications. Here, the authors highlight the current understanding of the pathophysiology of myocarditis related to COVID-19 and its management.

Published
2020
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48. An idiopathic giant right atrium aneurysm in old asymptomatic patient

Author

Abdallah Almaghraby, Mahmoud Abdelnabi, and Yehia Saleh

Subjects
arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation, giant right atrial aneurysm, thromboembolic events, transthoracic echocardiography, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Giant right atrial aneurysm is an extremely rare cardiac anomaly that can be seen anytime in human life from childhood to elderly. Many cases have no symptoms, others may develop arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation (AF), and sometimes, thrombi may develop inside the right atrium with risk of pulmonary embolism as well as paradoxical embolism through a patent foramen ovale. This condition can be caused due to cor pulmonale, right ventricular disease, and tricuspid valve diseases, and in extremely rare cases, if all these causes are excluded, it is considered idiopathic. We report a very rare case of an asymptomatic 62-year-old male with a previous history of chronic AF who was incidentally diagnosed with a giant right atrial aneurysm in a preoperative transthoracic echocardiography. He was asymptomatic and he was managed conservatively based on his request.

Published
2020
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49. Endomyocardial fibrosis presented by ventricular tachycardia: case report

Author

Mahmoud Abdelnabi, Abdallah Almaghraby, Yehia Saleh, Sherif Abd Elsamad, and And Sara Elfawal

Subjects
Endomyocardial fibrosis, Ventricular tachycardia, Cardiac magnetic resonance, Echocardiography, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Abstract Background Endomyocardial fibrosis (EMF) is a form of restrictive cardiomyopathy that is diagnosed mainly in children and young adults and is geographically found in Africa, Latin America, and Asia. It is a condition with high morbidity and mortality, unknown etiology, and no definitive treatment. Although its main clinical presentation is congestive heart failure with or without related supraventricular arrhythmia like atrial fibrillation, it very rarely presents with ventricular arrhythmias and tachycardias (VA, VT). Case presentation We report a case of right ventricular (RV) EMF presented with recurrent attacks of hemodynamically unstable VT that required direct current (DC) cardioversion. The diagnosis was suspected by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and established by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). The patient underwent implantable cardioverter–defibrillator (ICD) implantation for secondary prevention of VT, and he was discharged safely on antiarrhythmic drugs with regular follow-up visits. Conclusion EMF presenting with VT are quite rare and to the best of our knowledge, our case is the fourth case in the literature to report VT as a clinical presentation of EMF.

Published
2019
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