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Background: In this era of rapid advancements in assisted reproductive technologies, intrauterine insemination (IUI) is still widely offered to subfertile couples, as a cheaper and less invasive treatment option before proceeding to IVF. Objective: To determine the most suitable timing of hCG administration prior to intrauterine insemination for optimizing pregnancy outcome and success rate. Patients and methods: A randomized controlled study conducted in Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Sohag University from 30 June 2018 to 30 June 2019 and included couples with unexplained infertility. A total of 110 patients were recruited in our study, 30 patients dropped out; where 20 patients were due to inadequate stimulation, bad endometrium or more than 3 follicles were present, 6 patients did not show up for folliculometry after being given treatment and 4 patients did not show up for the procedure after being given the hCG trigger. Results: This study showed an improved pregnancy rate when IUI was performed with a time interval of 24–36 h (13 case with positive pregnancy test). Conclusion: IUI after ovulation induction can be done any time between 24 and 48 h after hCG injection without significant differences in pregnancy rates.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the rate and pattern of complications associated with use of the Copper T 380A intrauterine device (IUD) among adolescents. METHODS: A prospective comparative study of women eligible for IUD insertion who attended the family planning clinic of Sohag University Hospital Egypt between July 1 2008 and December 31 2010. The participants were categorized as adolescents or adults. The Copper T 380A IUD was inserted in all participants and follow-up visits were scheduled at 1 3 and 6 months. Odds ratio and chi(2) square tests were used to compare the rates of complications at each visit. RESULTS: Of 1512 patients eligible for IUD insertion 852 met the inclusion criteria: 281 adolescents and 571 adults. The rates of pain bleeding displacement expulsion and removal of IUDs were significantly higher in adolescents (P

Objective: To study the efficacy and safety of glibenclamide/metformin combination as a treatment option for pregnant women with either gestational diabetes or type-2 diabetes mellitus compared to conventional insulin therapy. Methods: Eighty-four pregnant women with singleton pregnancies (65 women with gestational diabetes & 19 with type-2 diabetes mellitus) were included. They were randomly allocated to receive either glibenclamide/metformin combination or insulin. The primary end point was the achievement of the desired level of glycemic control. The presence or absence of maternal, fetal and/or neonatal complications was measured as secondary end points. Results: There were no differences between the oral hypoglycemic-treated group and insulin-treated group as regard the mean blood glucose levels. It was 125.64 ± 18.15 mg/dL in the former group where it was 124.62 ± 9.29 mg/dL in the latter one. There was no significant difference as regard the amniotic fluid volume, gestational age at delivery and mode of delivery. Also, there were no significant difference between the two groups as regard fetal outcomes; the perinatal mortality was 7.1% in oral hypoglycemic group compared to 4.8% in insulin group, and the rate of congenital anomalies was 4.9% in oral group compared to 9.5% in insulin group. Also there was no statistically significant difference as regard neonatal birth weight, neonatal umbilical blood glucose, incidence and duration of admission to NICU. Conclusion: The treatment of gestational diabetes and type-2 diabetes mellitus pregnant ladies with Glibenclamide/ metformin combination or insulin seems to be equivalent for both the mother and newborns.

To assess the problem of CMV infection in pregnant women in Sohag community and to determine the risk of congenital CMV infection. The study was performed on 900 pregnant women residing in Sohag, during the period from June, 2006 till January 2010. Detection of CMV antibodies (IgM and IgG) was carried out using microparticle enzyme immunoassay. Women proved positive (+ve) for CMV IgM or IgG antibodies were considered the seropositive group (group 1), while women proved negative (-ve) for both antibodies were the seronegative group (group II). Serum samples of IgM +ve females and with rising IgG titers were further subjected to PCR to detect CMV DNA. Of the 900 pregnant women, 850 (94.4%) were seropositive for CMV antibodies. Of these, 828 females (97.4%) had +ve IgG and -ve IgM antibodies, and 22 (2.6%) women had positive IgM. Viral DNA was detected in 12 of the 22 IgM +ve and 8 out of 10 women with rising IgG titer. CMV antibodies and serum PCR were done for 15 live births whose mothers had positive CMV PCR. Of 7 infants whose mothers had CMV IgM and CMV PCR positive, 4 infants had positive PCR results. Eight live births, whose mothers had rising IgG titer and positive PCR test, were negative for viral DNA. In conclusions, CMV specific IgM or rising IgG antibodies in maternal serum could predict congenital CMV infection.

To evaluate the clinical and mycological cure rates of a novel mixture consisting of Bee-honey and yogurt compared to local antifungal agents for treating patients with vulvo-vaginal candidiasis (VVC) during pregnancy. This is a prospective comparative study which included 129 patients with VVC during pregnancy. The participants were allocated into study group (n = 82) who received a mixture of Bee-honey and yogurt vaginally and control group (n = 47) who received local anti-fungal agents. The Chi-square test was used to evaluate the clinical and mycological cure rates and the side-effects of both modes of therapy. The clinical cure rate was significantly higher in the study than the control group (87.8 vs. 72.3%, respectively) while the mycological cure rate was higher in the control than the study group (91.5 vs. 76.9%, respectively). Both types of therapy were favorably tolerated by most of the patients. Side effects were reported only in 24.3 and 29.7% of patients in group I and II, respectively (p

Objective To evaluate the possible role of hydatid of Morgagni in patients with unexplained infertility. Study design This was a non-randomized controlled trial conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Sohag University, Egypt. Two hundred and thirteen patients with unexplained infertility and hydatid of Morgagni diagnosed at laparoscopy were included. The laterality (bilateral vs unilateral), location (fimbrial vs juxta-fimbrial), number (single vs multiple) and diameter of the hydatids of Morgagni were recorded. Patients were allocated to a study group (n = 127) who underwent laparoscopic excision of hydatid of Morgagni and a control group (n = 86) who underwent no intervention. Patients were followed for six months without any infertility or hormonal treatment to detect spontaneous pregnancy. Patients missed during the follow-up or who received infertility treatment were excluded. Statistical analysis was done using Chi-square test and Student's t-test. To find the most important character of hydatid of Morgagni which impedes pregnancy, logistic regression analysis of the dependent variable (no pregnancy) and independent variables (different characters of hydatid of Morgagni) was carried out in the control group. Results Hydatid of Morgagni was detected in 52.1% of patients with unexplained infertility compared to 25.6% of those with explained infertility (p

Objective To evaluate the vaginal length and incidence of dyspareunia after total abdominal hysterectomy compared to vaginal hysterectomy. Study design This is a prospective observational study. Sixty-six patients were invited to participate in the study who were already planned to undergo abdominal or vaginal hysterectomy for different benign indications in the OB/GYN department, Sohag University Hospital, during the period from March 2007 till April 2009. Patients were classified into two groups. Thirty-six patients who were planned to undergo total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH) represented the first group, and 30 patients who were planned to undergo vaginal hysterectomy (VH) represented the second group. Vaginal length was obtained just before the operation and three times postoperatively. Pre- and post-operative dyspareunia was reported. Results The mean pre-operative and post-operative vaginal lengths in the TAH group were nearly the same (10.5 ± 2.1 cm vs. 10.2 ± 1.8 cm) without statistically significant difference. In the VH group, there was a statistically significant difference between pre- and post-operative vaginal length (10.1 ± 1.9 cm vs. 8.4 ± 1.6 cm). In the TAH group, 2 patients (5%) reported a newly developed post-operative dyspareunia. In VH group, 6 patients (20%) developed dyspareunia after surgery. Conclusion Postoperative dyspareunia is more common after vaginal hysterectomy compared to abdominal hysterectomy. This may be attributed to postoperative shortening of the vagina secondary to excessive trimming of the vaginal walls especially if VH was done for utero-vaginal prolapse.