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Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Carboplatin and cisplatin based regimens are used in the treatment of NSCLC. The aim of the study was to find out whether there is a difference in white matter (WM) changes between two platinum-based chemotherapy agents using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).

We aimed to investigate whether there is a difference between intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC) and liver metastases of gastrointestinal system (GIS) adenocarcinoma in terms of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values.

BackgroundHigher diet quality has been associated with lower risk of developing inflammatory bowel disease, but associations between diet and gastrointestinal (GI) inflammation in healthy adults prior to disease onset are understudied.ObjectivesThe purpose of this project was to examine associations between reported dietary intake and markers of GI inflammation in a healthy adult human cohort.MethodsIn a cross-sectional observational trial of 358 healthy adults, participants completed ≤3 unannounced 24-h dietary recalls using the Automated Self-Administered Dietary Assessment Tool and a Block 2014 Food Frequency Questionnaire to assess recent and habitual intake, respectively. Those who provided a stool sample were included in this analysis. Inflammation markers from stool, including calprotectin, neopterin, and myeloperoxidase, were measured by ELISA along with LPS-binding protein from plasma.ResultsRecent and habitual fiber intake was negatively correlated with fecal calprotectin concentrations (n = 295, P = 0.011, 0.009). Habitual soluble fiber intake was also negatively correlated with calprotectin (P = 0.01). Recent and habitual legume and vegetable intake was negatively correlated with calprotectin (P = 0.013, 0.026, 0.01, 0.009). We observed an inverse correlation between recent Healthy Eating Index (HEI) scores and calprotectin concentrations (n = 295, P = 0.026). Dietary Inflammatory Index scores were calculated and positively correlated with neopterin for recent intake (n = 289, P = 0.015). When participants with clinically elevated calprotectin were excluded, recent and habitual fiber, legume, vegetable, and fruit intake were negatively correlated with calprotectin (n = 253, P = 0.00001, 0.0002, 0.045, 0.001, 0.009, 0.001, 0.004, 0.014). Recent total HEI score was inversely correlated with subclinical calprotectin (P = 0.003).ConclusionsHigher diet quality may be protective against GI inflammation even in healthy adults. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02367287.

Chaotic meta-Fibonacci sequences which are generated by intriguing examples of nonlinear recurrences still keep their mystery although substantial progress has been made in terms of well-behaved solutions of nested recurrences. In this study, a recent generalization of Hofstadter’s famous Q-sequence is studied beyond the known methods of generational approaches in order to propose a generalized conjecture regarding the existence of infinitely many different solutions for all corresponding recurrences of this generalization.

Aim: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the preoperative and postoperative clinical findings of the patients who underwent surgical treatment due to proximal femoral fracture and demographic characteristics of orthopedically traumatic inpatients in our clinic.Patients and Method: This study includes all the patients who hospitalized in our clinic between the dates of 01 January and 31 December 2014. In our retrospective, cross-sectional and descriptive study; the records of the patients were checked, and demographic and clinical data were evaluated.Results: A total of 3793 patients underwent surgical treatment. Of the patients who underwent surgery, 283 were operated on due to the fracture of the proximal region of the femur. The patients mean age was 55.77 ± 29.98 years. When we investigated by age group, 94 (33.2%) patients were under 40 years old while 36 (12.7%) patients aged 40-60 years and 153 (54.1%) patients aged 60 years and over. 49.8% (141) of the patients were male; 50.2% (142) were female. 36,7% (104) of the patients had various additional diseases. While 91.2% (258) of the patients who were with a clinic fracture were treated and discharged with healing, 1.8% (5) deaths were observed. 7.1% (20) of patients were transferred to intensive care. Compared by age, in older age group ASA it is seen that scores, comorbidities, and hospitalization time increase as well as the necessity of intensive care unit. Conclusion: As preoperative preparations takes longer and due to the higher level of the need for intensive care in postoperative period along with frequent comorbidities for aged patients It will be appropriate to follow these aged patients as multidisciplinary

Estimation is an essential competence with a developmental role in the learning of various mathematical topics. Yet, as previous studies highlight, this competence is either excluded or ambivalently included in intended curricula around the world. The current study investigates the estimation-related opportunities in the primary curricula of three Eastern Mediterranean countries (Cyprus, Greece, and Turkey). Our analyses are framed by four forms of estimation (computational, measurement, quantity, number line). As with previous studies in other contexts, computational estimation and measurement estimation are extensively addressed in the curricula of Cyprus and Turkey, yet without any meaningful justification for their inclusion. All three curricula fail to recognise the importance of number line estimation and quantity estimation, the two forms with the most significant developmental implications for the later learning of other mathematical concepts and areas of mathematics. Among the three curricula under scrutiny, the Greek is the one with the fewest and most superficial references to estimation. In closing, we discuss the implications of this study and suggestions for future research.

Teacher quality has attracted much attention both conceptually and empirically, especially in tackling some global challenges. Initial teacher education (ITE) has historically been one of the key actors in developing teacher quality and one of the foci in research. The article contributes to these debates by comparing two ITE programmes, from Scotland and Turkey, which have been recently reshaped. Both countries have currently declared new reformative steps and introduced internationally cared new conceptions into teacher quality. This study utilized a comparative approach and document analysis to investigate the evolution of views on teacher quality in different countries. The findings provide insights into the changes that have occurred in each country's perspective over time. Drawing from the two contexts, the paper sought evidence in articulated reports for core values and capacities, digital transformation, teacher agency, and innovative and inclusive pedagogies, which are considered important elements of the teaching profession in related literature. Followingly, the study outlines and compares the decisions and intended actions of these two contexts in terms of similarities and discrepancies under the aforementioned four indicators that can be both an example for international ITE programmes and a road map for teacher quality in ITE curricula design. By comparing two examples of ITE programmes with the suggested indicators of teacher quality, we would like to extract insights to reconsider and re-conceptualize teacher quality in much wider literature and future research.

Although the impacts of math anxiety, attitude toward math, and math self-efficacy on math achievement have been well-defined in the relevant literature, the interrelations among these predictors to explain math achievement are understudied. This study examined the structural relationships among math achievement, math anxiety, math self-efficacy, and attitude toward math. Within this scope, a full mediation model involving math anxiety as the mediator in the relationship of math achievement with attitude toward math and math self-efficacy was proposed. Data collected from 470 middle school students were used for the analyses. Structural equation modeling and bootstrapping methods were used to investigate the proposed relationships. Moreover, various alternative models were tested to see whether the proposed model was empirically the best model to explain math achievement. The findings showed that the proposed model fit the data well and was superior to alternative models. Accordingly, attitude toward math and math self-efficacy had significant and positive indirect effects on math achievement as mediated by math anxiety. In conclusion, the study provided a meaningful model based on a strong theoretical and empirical background to explain math achievement.

With this quantitative study we aimed to develop a scale that could be used to assess the attitudes of special education needs (SEN) teachers towards students with multiple disabilities. The scale was tested in 2 stages using 2 different samples. Firstly, the scale was administered to a convenience sample of 215 teachers. For the first study, the participants responded to 39 items related to the scale and 9 demographic questions. This sample was used to perform an exploratory factor analysis (EFA), which showed that the proposed scale had 5 factors and 22 items. A revised scale was applied to 228 participants. The sample was used to complete a confirmatory factor analysis to test the fit of the data to the theoretical structure. The scale's internal consistency was found to have a Cronbach [alpha] of 0.869. With this scale it will be possible to measure special education teachers' attitudes towards students with multiple disabilities.

In order to understand the details of thermal and hydrologic processes attending CO2 injection into a deep aquifer in the context of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS), we have carried out coupled well-reservoir simulations of CO2 injection using the simulator T2WELL-ECO2M. We focus on the injection of cold, dry CO2 into a warm aquifer and analyze in detail the thermal and hydraulic processes of the coupled well-reservoir system. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of T2WELL in accurately modeling non-isothermal, multiphase flow, phase changes, and identifying dry-out regions in porous media. We simulated heat exchange with the ambient environment, friction effects, convection, exothermic dissolution in brine, and cooling due to both Joule-Thomson effect and water vaporization. The temperature profile within the wellbore deviated from the geothermal profile, impacting CO2 properties at the bottomhole. The simulation revealed the presence of three fronts in the formation: the CO2 saturation, thermal, and evaporation fronts. The thermal and evaporation fronts were located farther behind the saturation front, indicating limited dry-out and thermal effects near the wellbore. This simulation capability and insights gained in this study form a foundation for ongoing work such as sensitivity analyses, injection optimization, performance assessment, and operational decision support.

"Purpose": This study aimed to develop a valid and reliable hiking and camping common content knowledge test for Turkish preservice physical education teachers. "Method": Participants were 305 physical education students who had previously completed hiking and camping content course in Physical Education Teacher Education. The researchers followed five steps to develop the test. The Rasch model was utilized for data analysis. "Results": Findings showed a good item model fit for all items, except Item 4. Results also indicated that the developed test had high internal consistency for both item difficulty and person ability. Overall, the test findings demonstrated good evidence to support the validity and reliability of hiking and camping common content knowledge test. "Discussion/Conclusion": The developed test can be used for measuring hiking and camping knowledge level of physical education teachers and Physical Education Teacher Education students.

The aim of this study is to compare the neurological status, developmental parameters and physical fitness of children who engage in regular physical activity in the preschool period versus those who do not. The study included 305 healthy children aged 4-6 years, consisting of 154 girls and 151 boys. In addition to evaluating the demographic characteristics of children; Touwen Neurological Examination, Denver Developmental Screening Test (DDST) II, and Preschool Physical Fitness (PREFIT) test battery were used to assess neurological status, developmental parameters, and physical fitness, respectively. A statistically significant difference was found between neurological status (p = 0.046), developmental parameters (p = 0.000) and physical fitness (Standing Long Jump (p = 0.008), handgrip (p = 0.006)) of preschool children who engaged in regular physical activity compared to those who did not. Preschool children who participated in regular physical activity had no neurological problems and exhibited better developmental parameters and physical fitness than their inactive peers.

Abstract Introduction Multisystemic inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) is a newly described disease manifestation in children associated with the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection and can be easily confused with Kawasaki disease with its clinical and laboratory findings. In this study, the clinical findings, organ involvements, similarities, and differences in laboratory and imaging of the children with MIS-C and KD at the time of admission will be revealed in detail, and the treatment methods and follow-up results will be revealed. Material and method Our study was a single-center study and included pediatric patients who were treated with a diagnosis of MIS-C between March 2020 and July 2023 in the pediatric cardiology, pediatric emergency, pediatric infection, and pediatric intensive care clinics at Celal Bayar University and who were treated with a diagnosis of KD (complete/incomplete) between January 2015 and July 2023. MIS-C diagnosis was made according to the Turkish Ministry of Health COVID-19 guidelines. Sociodemographic characteristics, clinical, laboratory, and echocardiography findings, treatments given, and clinical course of all patients included in the study were evaluated. Results The median age was 30 months (7–84) in KD and 96 months (6-204) in MIS-C, and it was significantly higher in the MIS-C group (p = 0.000). Symptom duration was significantly longer in the MIS-C group (p = 0.000). In terms of clinical features, gastrointestinal syndrome findings (nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain) and respiratory findings (dyspnea) were significantly higher in the MIS-C group (p = 0.007, p = 0.000, p = 0.002, respectively). Regarding cardiovascular system involvement, coronary involvement was significantly higher in the KD group. However, valvular involvement, left ventricular systolic dysfunction, and pericardial effusion were significantly higher in the MIS-C group (p = 0.000, p = 0.001, p = 0.003, p = 0.023, respectively). In terms of laboratory findings, white blood cell count was higher in KD (p = 0.000), absolute lymphocyte count, platelet level, blood sodium, and albumin levels were lower in MIS-C group (p = 0.000, p = 0.000, p = 0.000, p = 0.000, p = 0.003, respectively), ferritin and troponin levels were significantly higher in MIS-C group. These results were statistically significant (p = 0.000, p = 0.000, respectively). D-dimer and fibrinogen levels were high in both groups, and no significant statistical difference was detected between the two groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding the length of hospitalization and mortality, but steroid use was significantly higher in the MIS-C group (p = 0.000). Conclusion In conclusion, this study has demonstrated the similarities and differences between MIS-C and KD regarding clinical findings, organ involvement, and laboratory and imaging results. The results of our study have important implications in terms of contributing to the data in the existing literature on these two diseases and for the correct diagnosis and better management of pediatric patients presenting with these disorders. What is known Multisystemic inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) is a newly described disease manifestation in children associated with the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection and can be easily confused with Kawasaki disease with its clinical and laboratory findings. What is new Although MIS-C and KD have many similarities, their symptoms, disease processes, possible complications, and treatment regimens may differ.