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Background: Alterations of sexual functions are frequent in major depressive disorder (MDD), however there are little data on sexual functions in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD).Aim: To assess sexual desire impairment in patients with TRD.Methods: Baseline data were analyzed from an ongoing cohort study from an outpatient clinic specialized in TRD treatment in Brazil. The cohort comprised consecutive patients with the diagnosis of TRD that sought treatment in this center.Main outcome measures: The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) Genital Symptoms Item (item 14) was used as a proxy to assess sexual desire impairmentResults: Sixty-five participants with TRD were included. There was sexual desire impairment in 67.7% of patients. Men (87.5%) were more affected than women (61.2%) and depression severity was associated with greater complaints of this aspect of sexual function.Clinical Implications: Our findings suggest that health care professionals should systematically assess sexual desire in patients with TRD in daily clinical practice.Strengths & Limitations: To our knowledge, this is the first study to assess impairment in sexual desire in TRD. A major limitation that need to be addressed in future studies is the reliance on item 14 of the HAMD, which was not designed specifically for assessing sexual dysfunction.Conclusion: Participants with TRD had a high prevalence of sexual desire impairment, this being associated with greater depressive symptoms severity and male gender. Further longitudinal studies are needed, in larger samples, using specific instruments for assessing sexual dysfunction comparing TRD and non-TRD populations.

Sexual health is relevant throughout a person’s life; however, studying human sexuality is complex and requires particular care when working with individuals from different cultural and social backgrounds. Much of the research addressing this subject has been conducted in Western countries, and that in non-Western countries is generally based on small sample sizes. The biopsychosocial nature of sexuality and its dysfunctions should be taken into consideration given that it is indispensable when conducting and assessing sexual studies in different countries and cultures. Therefore, culturally sensitive studies that consider cultural contexts and determinants as well as social markers are needed. The topic of sexuality in Arab culture is still enigmatic. This enigma has impacted the advancement of sexual science and limited researchers, health care practitioners, and patients. Thus, the aim of this systematic literature review was to find and assemble all scales and questionnaires regarding human sexual health that have been translated into Arabic and validated in order to promote a critical analysis of the methods used in each instrument and to inform readers and researchers of the limits and potential of each scale. Electronic databases were systematically searched, and eight instruments were selected for inclusion: the Arabic Index of Premature Ejaculation (AIPE), the Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM), the Arabic Female Sexual Function Index (ArFSFI), the Female Genital Self-Image Scale (AVFGSIS), the Arabic Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale (ASEX), the Egyptian Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire (PISQ-IR), the Saudi Arabian Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire in Arabic (PSIQ-IR), and the Arabic Female Sexual Distress Scale (FSDS). All included instruments showed good validity and reliability for the target population. Future studies are needed to develop culturally sensitive instruments

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection induces pulmonary expression of the heme-degrading enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). We have previously shown that pharmacological inhibition of HO-1 activity in experimental tuberculosis results in decreased bacterial loads and unexpectedly that this outcome depends on the presence of T lymphocytes. Here, we extend these findings by demonstrating that IFNγ production by T lymphocytes and NOS2 expression underlie this T-cell requirement and that HO-1 inhibition potentiates IFNγ-induced NOS2-dependent control of Mtb by macrophages in vitro. Among the products of heme degradation by HO-1 (biliverdin, carbon monoxide, and iron), only iron supplementation reverted the HO-1 inhibition-induced enhancement of bacterial control and this reversal was associated with decreased NOS2 expression and NO production. In addition, we found that HO-1 inhibition results in decreased labile iron levels in Mtb-infected macrophages in vitro and diminished iron accumulation in Mtb-infected lungs in vivo. Together these results suggest that the T-lymphocyte dependence of the therapeutic outcome of HO-1 inhibition on Mtb infection reflects the role of the enzyme in generating iron that suppresses T-cell-mediated IFNγ/NOS2-dependent bacterial control. In broader terms, our findings highlight the importance of the crosstalk between iron metabolism and adaptive immunity in determining the outcome of infection.

This paper provides an integrative review of psychometric instruments targeting sexual function and clinical measures of sexuality available to the Brazilian population. Our aim was to summarize the existing measures, indicating current development needs related to the quality of psychometric evidence, research design and untapped theoretical ground that could be relevant for clinical practice and research in sexuality. Electronic databases were searched. Additional records were found through a manual search. The general search terms and operators were (scale OR inventory OR questionnaire) AND (validation) AND (sexual beliefs OR sexuality OR sexual behavior OR sexual function OR sexual satisfaction) AND (Brazil or Brazilian). The results indicate a total of 18 developed or transculturally adapted and/or validated scales and questionnaires available in Brazilian Portuguese, covering sexual dysfunctions and clinical measures. Despite development, adaptation and validation efforts, there is a critical need for better psychometric and sampling strategies as well as norms for the clinical interpretation of test results. Ecological validity is also a challenge. At present, sexual assessments in Brazil offer some useful information, but reaching the applied clinical field remains a challenge.Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/0092623X.2022.2035869 .

The apicomplexan intracellular parasiteToxoplasma gondiiis a major food borne pathogen with significant impact in children and during pregnancy. The majority of theT. gondiiproteome remains uncharacterized and the organization of proteins into complexes is unclear. To overcome this knowledge gap, we utilize a biochemical fractionation strategy coupled with mass spectrometry to predict interactions by correlation profiling. Key to this approach is the integration of additional datasets based on gene co-expression as well as phylogenetic profiles that eliminate poorly supported interactions and reduce the number of false positive interactions. In addition to a supervised machine learning strategy, we employed an unsupervised approach in data integration, based on similarity network fusion, to overcome the deficit of high-quality training data in non-model organisms. The resulting high confidence network, we term ToxoNet, comprises 2,063 interactions connecting 652 proteins. Clustering of this network identifies 93 protein complexes, predicting both novel complexes as well as new components for previously known complexes. In particular, we identified clusters enriched in mitochondrial machinery that include previously uncharacterized proteins that likely represent novel adaptations to oxidative phosphorylation. Furthermore, complexes enriched in proteins localized to secretory organelles and the inner membrane complex, predict additional novel components representing novel targets for detailed functional characterization. We present ToxoNet as a publicly available resource with the expectation that it will help drive future hypotheses within the research community.

The objective of this project was to evaluate the supply of narasin on the performance of ewes and their lambs in the lactation phase (Exp. I) and feedlot lambs (Exp. II). Experiment I: Thirty-two ewes with ten days of lactation were used, together with their lambs (s). The experimental design was randomized complete blocks. The diets consisted of 50% hay and 50% concentrate. The treatments were defined by the no narasin inclusion (N0) or inclusion of 13 mg/kg DM of narasin (N13). The experiment lasted 70 days. The inclusion of narasin did not affect the ewes DMI, however, milk production (P

Treating anxiety comorbid with heart disease is challenging due to (a) diagnostic overlap between anxiety and heart disease, (b) the high risk associated with ignoring chest pain symptoms and delaying seeking medical attention, (c) that cognitive-behavioral therapy based on catastrophic misinterpretation of bodily symptoms requires adaption to incorporate the element of risk, and (d) that certain interoceptive symptom induction experiments may be harmful and are therefore fraught with liability. We describe Panic Attack Treatment in Comorbid Heart Diseases (PATCHD) that is based on enhancing coping skills, performing safe interoceptive exposures and supervised exercise, and countering avoidance to reduce panic attack frequency. Pre- and posttreatment data from 18 patients shows a significant reduction in cardiovascular hospital admissions and length of stay, panic attacks, general anxiety, and depression (all p

The microneme organelles of Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites release protein complexes (MICs), including one composed of the transmembrane protein MIC6 plus MIC1 and MIC4. In this complex, carbohydrate recognition domains of MIC1 and MIC4 are exposed and interact with terminal sialic acid and galactose residues, respectively, of host cell glycans. Recently, we demonstrated that MIC1 and MIC4 binding to the N-glycans of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 on phagocytes triggers cell activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Herein, we investigated the requirement for TLR2 heterodimerization and co-receptors in MIC-induced responses, as well as the signaling molecules involved. We used MICs to stimulate macrophages and HEK293T cells transfected with TLR2 and TLR1 or TLR6, both with or without the co-receptors CD14 and CD36. Then, the cell responses were analyzed, including nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-&kappa, B) activation and cytokine production, which showed that (1) only TLR2, among the studied factors, is crucial for MIC-induced cell activation, (2) TLR2 heterodimerization augments, but is not critical for, activation, (3) CD14 and CD36 enhance the response to MIC stimulus, and (4) MICs activate cells through a transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1)-, mammalian p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38)-, and NF-&kappa, B-dependent pathway. Remarkably, among the studied factors, the interaction of MIC1 and MIC4 with TLR2 N-glycans is sufficient to induce cell activation, which promotes host protection against T. gondii infection.

The microneme organelles of Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites release protein complexes (MICs), including one composed of the transmembrane protein MIC6 plus MIC1 and MIC4. In this complex, carbohydrate recognition domains of MIC1 and MIC4 are exposed and interact with terminal sialic acid and galactose residues, respectively, of host cell glycans. Recently, we demonstrated that MIC1 and MIC4 binding to the N-glycans of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 on phagocytes triggers cell activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Herein, we investigated the requirement for TLR2 heterodimerization and co-receptors in MIC-induced responses, as well as the signaling molecules involved. We used MICs to stimulate macrophages and HEK293T cells transfected with TLR2 and TLR1 or TLR6, both with or without the co-receptors CD14 and CD36. Then, the cell responses were analyzed, including nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation and cytokine production, which showed that (1) only TLR2, among the studied factors, is crucial for MIC-induced cell activation; (2) TLR2 heterodimerization augments, but is not critical for, activation; (3) CD14 and CD36 enhance the response to MIC stimulus; and (4) MICs activate cells through a transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1)-, mammalian p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38)-, and NF-κB-dependent pathway. Remarkably, among the studied factors, the interaction of MIC1 and MIC4 with TLR2 N-glycans is sufficient to induce cell activation, which promotes host protection against T. gondii infection.

Despite developments in panic disorder (PD) research, a significant percentage of patients do not benefit from conventional treatments. Interpersonal factors have been identified as potential predictors of treatment failures. We aimed to evaluate assertiveness in a sample of patients with PD and its implications for treatment. Forty-six symptomatic patients with PD and 46 college students responded to assessment scales regarding assertiveness and clinical data. Seventy-five percent of the patients had a secondary diagnosis of agoraphobia. We found that the PD group was characterized as nonassertive and slightly less assertive than control subjects. Furthermore, the deficit in the level of assertiveness correlated with the severity of the PD. The diagnosis of agoraphobia was correlated with unassertiveness (p < 0.05). Agoraphobia predisposes individuals to dependency and insecurity about their ability to overcome anxiogenic situations. These data demonstrate the importance of managing assertiveness in patients with PD accompanied by agoraphobia.

A geração fotovoltaica (FV) tem crescido cada vez mais em uma escala mundial e tudo indica que continuará crescendo com o tempo. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as políticas de inovação em relação aos modelos adotados a fim de disseminar a energia FV nos cinco maiores países produtores desta energia e no Brasil, visando possibilidades e perspectivas para o mercado brasileiro. Esta pesquisa foi realizada na base Scopus a partir do portal capes com intuito de reunir trabalhos referentes aos sistemas FV, políticas inovadoras e incentivos utilizados para que esta tecnologia fosse difundida nos países escolhidos, sendo possível analisar o cenário brasileiro neste contexto. Nos países onde esta tecnologia foi disseminada com sucesso foi percebido um grande apoio de políticas e incentivos governamentais. O Brasil, embora possua recentes incentivos fiscais, foi identificado que para o crescimento desta ciência, carece de maiores investimentos públicos.

Infection of host cells by Toxoplasma gondii is an active process, which is regulated by secretion of microneme (MICs) and rhoptry proteins (ROPs and RONs) from specialized organelles in the apical pole of the parasite. MIC1, MIC4 and MIC6 assemble into an adhesin complex secreted on the parasite surface that functions to promote infection competency. MIC1 and MIC4 are known to bind terminal sialic acid residues and galactose residues, respectively and to induce IL-12 production from splenocytes. Here we show that rMIC1- and rMIC4-stimulated dendritic cells and macrophages produce proinflammatory cytokines, and they do so by engaging TLR2 and TLR4. This process depends on sugar recognition, since point mutations in the carbohydrate-recognition domains (CRD) of rMIC1 and rMIC4 inhibit innate immune cells activation. HEK cells transfected with TLR2 glycomutants were selectively unresponsive to MICs. Following in vitro infection, parasites lacking MIC1 or MIC4, as well as expressing MIC proteins with point mutations in their CRD, failed to induce wild-type (WT) levels of IL-12 secretion by innate immune cells. However, only MIC1 was shown to impact systemic levels of IL-12 and IFN-γ in vivo. Together, our data show that MIC1 and MIC4 interact physically with TLR2 and TLR4 N-glycans to trigger IL-12 responses, and MIC1 is playing a significant role in vivo by altering T. gondii infection competency and murine pathogenesis., Author summary Toxoplasmosis is caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii, belonging to the Apicomplexa phylum. This phylum comprises important parasites able to infect a broad diversity of animals, including humans. A particularity of T. gondii is its ability to invade virtually any nucleated cell of all warm-blooded animals through an active process, which depends on the secretion of adhesin proteins. These proteins are discharged by specialized organelles localized in the parasite apical region, and termed micronemes and rhoptries. We show in this study that two microneme proteins from T. gondii utilize their adhesion activity to stimulate innate immunity. These microneme proteins, denoted MIC1 and MIC4, recognize specific sugars on receptors expressed on the surface of mammalian immune cells. This binding activates these innate immune cells to secrete cytokines, which promotes efficient host defense mechanisms against the parasite and regulate their pathogenesis. This activity promotes a chronic infection by controlling parasite replication during acute infection.

Objetivo: O estudo com terapia cognitivo-comportamental (TCC) procurou demonstrar a preparaçãodo paciente com transtorno do pânico para exposições agorafóbicas. Foram usadas as técnicas dasexposições interoceptivas, às próprias sensações corporais, e in vivo, a locais ou situações temidas.Metodologia: 50 indivíduos, divididos em dois grupos de 25 participantes cada um. O grupo 1 realizou 10 sessões de TCC semanais e individuais com uma hora de duração e fez uso de medicamentos e o grupo 2, controle, usou apenas medicação sem TCC. A medicação prescrita consistiu em antidepressivos tricíclicos e inibidores seletivos de recaptação da serotonina. Foram aplicados instrumentos de avaliação no início e ao fim das intervenções médica e psicológica. Resultados: Observamos uma diferença significativa entre a avaliação inicial e final no grupo 1, como: redução nos ataques de pânico, ansiedade antecipatória, esquiva agorafobia e medo das sensações corporais. Na escala de avaliação global do funcionamento, um aumento do bem-estar global de 60.8% a 72.5% entre pacientes do grupo 1 com terapia, diferentemente do grupo 2 sem terapia. Conclusões: As técnicas de TCC para as exposições foram consideradas essenciais na preparação dos pacientes com transtorno de pânico, para enfrentarem os ataques de pânico e as situações agorafóbicas subsequentes.

Metabolic syndrome (MS) seems to be associated with both depression and increased cardiovascular risk. This article emphasizes the most relevant findings on the link between MS and psychological cardiovascular risk factors, focusing on the impact of anxiety. There is evidence for an association between psychological disorders and the development of MS, which could eventually increase cardiovascular risk. However, the coexistence of anxiety in MS patients seems to be a byproduct of anxiety-depression comorbidity, stress and negative health behaviors. Endocannabinoid receptors, and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation and sympathetic hyperactivation are the most commonly mentioned plausible underlying pathways.

INTRODUÇÃO: Há um crescente interesse e necessidade em avaliar a qualidade da produção científica dos pesquisadores. Para tal, as métricas mais importantes são: número de citações, número médio de citações por artigo indexado e o índice-H. Contudo, essas métricas apresentam limitações na avaliação do potencial de impacto das publicações de um pesquisador, especialmente dentre aqueles mais produtivos. OBJETIVO: Propor e demonstrar a utilização de uma nova métrica científica - índice-H dos artigos citantes, que permite refinar a discriminação do impacto das publicações de pesquisadores experientes sobre o conhecimento existente em sua área. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados dados da Web of Science de 13 dentre os pesquisadores doutores brasileiros mais produtivos na área de exercício físico e esporte, incluindo: número de artigos publicados, número de citações, número médio de citações por artigos, índice-H e o índice-H dos artigos citantes, ou seja, o índice-H obtido a partir da ordenação decrescente dos artigos que citaram artigos publicados pelo pesquisador. Dados de quatro outros pesquisadores - brasileiros e estrangeiros - foram usados como marcos de referência para comparações. RESULTADOS: Os índice-H do pesquisador e o dos artigos citantes são associados (r = 0,92; p > 0,01), porém, quando são analisados os seis pesquisadores mais produtivos, com índices-H acima de 7, a associação entre os dois índices-H desaparece (r = 0,35; p = 0,49). CONCLUSÃO: O índice-H dos artigos citantes pode contribuir para diferenciar a produção científica de pesquisadores com um grande número de artigos publicados. Sugere-se a adoção de sua mensuração pelas agências brasileiras e estrangeiras de fomento e de avaliação da produção científica. BACKGROUND: there has been an increasing interest and need in evaluating the quality of scientific papers written by researchers. Therefore, the most important measurements used are the number of citations, the average number of citations per article published in indexed journals and the H-index. Those bibliometric indicators present, however, limitations when assessing the potential impact of the publications of a given researcher, particularly among the most productive ones. OBJECTIVE: To propose and to demonstrate the use of a new scienciometric strategy - the H-index of the citing articles-, that allow to better discriminate the impact of a given researcher to the body of knowledge in the respective research area. METHODS: Research data - Web of Science - from 13 of the most productive Brazilian PhD researchers in the field of exercise and sport sciences were analyzed, including: number of publications, number of citations, average number of citations per article, H-index and the proposed H-index of citing articles (the H-index extracted from the ranking of articles that cited the papers published by a given researcher). Data from four other researchers - Brazilian and foreign - were used as reference for comparisons. RESULTS: The researcher's H-index and the H-index of the citing articles were associated (r=.92; p>.01). However, when the six most productive authors were analyzed with H-index above 7, the association between the two indexes disappears (r=.35; p=.49). CONCLUSIONS: The H-index of the citing articles can be useful to discriminate the scientific production of authors with a high number of published papers. It is suggested that this algorithm should be adopted by Brazilian and foreign financing and scientific production evaluation agencies.

Psychological factors such as stress and depression have already been established as primary and secondary cardiovascular risk factors. More recently, the role of anxiety in increasing cardiac risk has also been studied. The underlying mechanisms of increased cardiac risk in panic disorder patients seem to reflect the direct and indirect effects of autonomic dysfunction, as well as behavioral risk factors associated with an unhealthy lifestyle. Implications of the comorbidity between panic and cardiovascular disease include higher morbidity, functional deficits, increased cardiovascular risk, and poor adherence to cardiac rehabilitation or exercise programs. This article probes the most recent evidence on the association between coronary artery disease, anxiety and panic disorder, and discusses the potential role of incorporating regular physical exercise and cognitive behavioral therapy in the treatment of this condition.

INTRODUÇÃO: O medo de dirigir pode restringir a vida do indivíduo e gerar sérios problemas pessoais, sociais e ocupacionais. Usar um instrumento adequado para a avaliação de cognições do paciente é importante, já que contribui para uma formulação dos problemas apresentados, podendo guiar um plano de tratamento coerente. O objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar as etapas de tradução e adaptação para a língua portuguesa do instrumento Driving Cognitions Questionnaire, que mede as cognições que podem estar presentes no medo de dirigir MÉTODOS: Três traduções e três retrotraduções foram realizadas por seis avaliadores independentes. Realizou-se a equivalência semântica e avaliação das versões, elaborando-se uma versão síntese. Comentários dos 10 participantes sobre a versão preliminar do questionário foram examinados. Foi construída a versão brasileira preliminar do questionário. RESULTADOS: A maioria dos participantes entendeu as descrições das cognições expostas no questionário em português. CONCLUSÃO: A utilização de três versões de tradução e retrotradução, a discussão sobre a versão síntese preliminar e a interlocução com a população-alvo proporcionaram viabilidade ao processo de equivalência semântica da versão final brasileira.INTRODUCTION: The fear of driving may restrict the life of patients and cause serious personal, social, and occupational problems. It is important to use a suitable tool while assessing patients’ cognitions, once these findings may help formulate the problems observed and may guide the selection of a consistent treatment plan. The objective of this study was to describe the stages of translation and adaptation into Brazilian Portuguese of the Driving Cognitions Questionnaire, designed to measure cognitions that may be present in the fear of driving. METHODS: Three translations and three back translations were conducted by six independent evaluators. Semantic equivalence assessment and evaluation of the different versions were conducted and resulted in a synthesized version of the instrument. Comments made by 10 participants on the preliminary version of the questionnaire were examined. The preliminary Brazilian version of the questionnaire was developed. RESULTS: Most participants understood the cognitions as described in the Brazilian Portuguese version of the questionnaire. CONCLUSION: The use of three different translations and back translations, discussion of a preliminary synthetic version and interaction with the target population contributed to the viability of the process aimed to assess the semantic equivalence of the Brazilian final version.

Este trabalho consiste no relato da utilização de um programa de exercícios físicos aeró-bicos intervalados no contexto da terapia cognitivo-comportamental em um caso de transtorno de pânico e agorafobia. São descritos os procedimentos utilizados, bem como os resultados positivos obtidos na redução da ansiedade cardíaca e na ansiedade cotidiana em relação a situações que exigem esforço físico. The present article reports the use of an interval aerobic exercise program as an adjunct intervention in the context of cognitive behavioural therapy in a patient with panic disorder and agoraphobia. We describe the procedures used in the exercise program and also the positive results achieved regarding cardiac anxiety reduction and everyday anxiety reduction concerning activities that requested physical effort.

CONTEXTO: Aspectos psicológicos como estresse e depressão já são reconhecidos como fatores de risco cardiovascular. Mais recentemente, o impacto da ansiedade passou a ser objeto de estudo. OBJETIVO: Identificar a prevalência de transtornos psiquiátricos e a presença de ansiedade relacionada à saúde e de ansiedade cardíaca em coronariopatas participantes de um programa de exercício supervisionado. MÉTODOS: Quarenta e dois homens coronariopatas foram entrevistados com o Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), versão 5.0, e solicitados a preencher a Escala de Sensibilidade à Ansiedade, o Questionário de Cognições Agorafóbicas, a Escala de Sensações Corporais e o Questionário de Ansiedade Cardíaca. RESULTADOS: Dentre os participantes, 38% apresentaram um ou mais diagnósticos psiquiátricos pelo MINI, mas apenas 19% apresentaram múltiplas comorbidades. A presença de transtornos psiquiátricos encontra-se associada a escores mais altos de ansiedade relacionada à saúde e à ansiedade cardíaca (p < 0,05). Não foi encontrada relação entre os escores de ansiedade e a gravidade da doença cardiovascular (p > 0,05). CONCLUSÕES: Ansiedade relacionada à saúde parece estar mais fortemente associada à presença de comorbidades psiquiátricas do que à gravidade do quadro cardiovascular. Recomenda-se a triagem regular de pacientes coronariopatas para transtornos psiquiátricos. Estratégias terapêuticas complementares como exercício físico e psicoterapia podem ser alternativas terapêuticas complementares.

CONTEXTO: Atualmente ha na literatura um crescente interesse na interface entre exercicio fisico e transtornos psiquiatricos. Apesar disso, ainda ha uma deficiencia de instrumentos de autorrelato para medir os niveis de atividade fisica dos pacientes. OBJETIVO: A traducao, a afericao da equivalencia semântica e uma aplicacao piloto (n = 30), sem pretensao psicometrica, do Questionario de Atividade Fisica Habitual, visando sua utilizacao na populacao brasileira de diferentes niveis de escolaridade. METODOS: O processo envolveu duas traducoes e retrotraducoes realizadas por avaliadores independentes, avaliacao das versoes seguida da elaboracao de uma versao sintese e pre-teste comentado. RESULTADOS: A maioria dos participantes (91%) nao apresentou dificuldades de compreensao com o questionario. Para cada item do instrumento, apresentam-se os resultados das quatro etapas. Mais estudos sao necessarios para determinar a adequacao para populacoes de baixa escolaridade. Os autores recomendam que sujeitos menos instruidos sejam supervisionados ao preencher o questionario. CONCLUSOES: A utilizacao de duas versoes de traducao e retrotraducao, a discussao sobre a versao sintese e a interlocucao com a populacao-alvo proporcionam maior seguranca ao processo de equivalencia semântica.

CONTEXTO: Atualmente há na literatura um crescente interesse na interface entre exercício físico e transtornos psiquiátricos. Apesar disso, ainda há uma deficiência de instrumentos de autorrelato para medir os níveis de atividade física dos pacientes. OBJETIVO: A tradução, a aferição da equivalência semântica e uma aplicação piloto (n = 30), sem pretensão psicométrica, do Questionário de Atividade Física Habitual, visando sua utilização na população brasileira de diferentes níveis de escolaridade. MÉTODOS: O processo envolveu duas traduções e retrotraduções realizadas por avaliadores independentes, avaliação das versões seguida da elaboração de uma versão síntese e pré-teste comentado. RESULTADOS: A maioria dos participantes (91%) não apresentou dificuldades de compreensão com o questionário. Para cada item do instrumento, apresentam-se os resultados das quatro etapas. Mais estudos são necessários para determinar a adequação para populações de baixa escolaridade. Os autores recomendam que sujeitos menos instruídos sejam supervisionados ao preencher o questionário. CONCLUSÕES: A utilização de duas versões de tradução e retrotradução, a discussão sobre a versão síntese e a interlocução com a população-alvo proporcionam maior segurança ao processo de equivalência semântica.BACKGROUND: There has been a growing scientific interest on the interface between exercise and psychiatric disorders. However, there is a lack of self-report instruments to assess levels of physical activity adapted to Brazilian Portuguese. OBJECTIVE: To translate, assess the semantic equivalence of the Habitual Physical Activity Questionnaire and perform a non-psychometric pre-test with subjects (n = 30) from the Brazilian population, with different educational backgrounds. METHODS: The cross-cultural adaptation process consisted of two translations and back translations performed by two independent evaluators; an evaluation of the versions and the development of a synthetic version; and a commented pretest of the questionnaire. RESULTS: For each item of the instrument, the results of the four stages are reported. Most of the participants (91%) did not present any difficulties comprehending the items of the instrument. Further studies should be addressed to determine the adequacy of using this instrument in the less-educated population. We recommend that less instructed subjects be supervised while responding the questionnaire. DISCUSSION: The use of two translations versions, their critical appraisal and the assessment of the target population conceives more safety to the process of semantic equivalence.