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Due to the fast growth of population in India, consumption of energy is growing at a rapid rate. Today's energy consumption and its utilization at an optimum level is a big challenge in the nation. There are various factors like a demand to mitigate global energy, availability, accessibility, cost, environmental change and storage facility of energy which are important in modern days. Majority of the population is shifting towards the city in comparison to a rural area (town, village and kasbah). According to this fact, the consumption of energy is increasing in cities. The small- and large-scale industries are located nearby the city, because of the easy availability of raw materials, better transportation services and other resources. So, the requirement of energy in a continuous manner is the prime need in these areas. In rural areas, people are using low-grade energy, and thereby there is not so much burden of energy required. It is also observed that there is a maximum loss of electricity due to transmission in India. Oil, gas and electricity are major resources to supply the energy need of the countrymen. However, the fuel situation of the nation with the shortage of fossil fuels creates pressure to drive the nuclear investment for electricity and nearly 25% contribution by 2050. The nation's dependency on oil and gas is a critical issue, so the country is looking forward to various renewable energy resources. To accomplish this target, various government organizations are investing in solar and wind energy-related projects along with remote location pilot projects. The role of policymakers in this direction is to develop future strategies to decrease the gap between demand and supply of electricity for the growth of sustainable development. In the present work, energy production from various resources, supply, new policy implementation and import of energy is discussed in India. The study concludes that coal and petroleum product import is continuously increasing in the country for power generation and increasing the level of greenhouse gases. So, the Indian government is investing in power generation projects based on renewable energies in the country. 'Solar Mission' to achieve a goal of 20 000 MW solar electricity and 60 GW wind power generation by 2022 is already running in this direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper it was dealt with optimization of micro gas turbine with natural gas fuel in four configurations of simple, with regenerator, combined heat and power (CHP) and CHP with regenerator. Target function included energy and exergy efficiencies and electricity cost by considering effects of environmental pollution. Optimization procedures were genetic, bee colony and searching algorithms. Results showed that optimum air fuel ratio calculated by searching method for micro gas turbine with above-mentioned cycles were 1.7, 1.3, 1.6 and 2.3 respectively. By applying Genetic algorithm, optimum air fuel ratios were 1.40, 1.21, 1.42 and 1.82 respectively. At these points, energy efficiency obtained as 29, 34.4, 39.4 and 38.2%, second law efficiency obtained as 61.4, 74.9, 85.4 and 57.2%, electricity cost obtained as 0.102, 0.086, 0.075 and 0.029 US$/kWh respectively. By using bee colony algorithm, optimum air fuel ratios were 1.36, 1.13, 1.32 and 1.61 respectively. At these points, energy efficiency are 28.2, 34.3, 40.5 and 35.6%, second law efficiency are 60.9, 75.67, 81.80 and 56.65%, electricity costs are 0.105, 0.087, 0.073 and 0.03 US$/kWh respectively. Among these methods, Genetic algorithm was selected as best method because of best answer in optimization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global energy crisis has been one of the significant challenges for decades, threatening the global economy, and the health of our environment. The government's efforts to enhance the welfare and lifestyle of citizens have been partially undermined by a significant rise in energy intensity, resulting in increased energy consumption. Over the years, researchers have utilized historical energy consumption data to enhance energy efficiency through various technologies. Innovative smart technologies drive energy efficiency, reducing energy usage throughout all areas of the energy industry, from production and supply to consumption. This creates a balance in all sectors and indicates a decrease in energy demand in all areas of building infrastructure. Green buildings that utilize Internet of Things (IoT) technology employ sensors and software to collect data, optimizing, and enhancing building performance. This includes reducing energy and electricity consumption, improving air quality, and optimizing lighting throughout the day. These buildings can contribute to reaching zero‐energy building targets. It becomes challenging to manage green buildings without using centralized control. Therefore, managing and integrating these buildings with intelligent technologies is vital in achieving environmentally friendly management. This study offers a broad overview of the green building concept and explores the use of the green IoT in enhancing services and conserving energy within green buildings. The article aims to deliver an extensive review of green buildings and their advantages, analyze the technology behind the IoT and its integration with solar panels to lower energy consumption, and ultimately identify the challenges present in this area of research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]