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Many advanced deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) methods have proven their efficacy in reconstructing the texture of super-resolution images (SR) from low-resolution images (LR). Nevertheless, the objective of achieving super-resolution (SR) reconstruction using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNN) becomes difficult when the input image is distorted by noise. Photographs captured at the inception of the camera are presently regarded as a cultural heritage that chronicles an important period in human history; however, they are marred by low resolution and noise as a result of obsolescence and the primitive nature of the technology that captured them, in contrast to the technological advances that cameras benefit from today. We proposed embedded deep learning to improve the performance of approaches for extinct heritage images denoising to denoise and reconstruct Baghdad heritage images. First, stage super-resolution (SR) noisy image generation from low-resolution (LR) heritage noisy image aims to enable to extraction of noise features for the target images. Second, remove visible noise features on images and restore their surface texture, giving them a more modern and clearer scene while preserving their original identity. PSNR, SNR, and SSIM quantitative metrics and the visual comparison analysis between the proposed method and state-of-art methods: Total variation denoising (TV), Bilateral filter denoising (BF), Median filter Denoising (MF) Gaussian filter image denoise (GF), and Non-Local Bayes (NLB) denoising demonstrated a better performance in reducing noise from the target images and a high-frequency flow with more information. Our approach restores heritage in a way that mimics modern photographic scenes using deep learning algorithms.

Study is being conducted on training Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) from 2D datasets to generate 3D human body avatars. Numerous applications, such as virtual reality, sports analysis, cinematography, surveillance, and more, have advanced significantly as a result of the promising research in this subject. Aerial photography sensors together with drone active tracking can remove occlusions and enable 3D avatar body reconstruction by avoiding obstacles and generating high-resolution, rich-information multi-view (RGB) photos. Training failures of 3D avatar reconstruction techniques lead to distortions and loss of features in 3D reconstructed models due to several reasons, including limited viewpoint coverage, visible occlusions, and texture disappearance. The recently developed end-to-end trainable deep neural network technique This work presents PIXGAN-Drone, a photo-realistic 3D avatar reconstruction system for the human body from multi-view photos. To create high-resolution 2D models, is predicated on integrating aerial photography sensors (a steady autonomous circular motion system) coupled with active tracking drones into the Pix2Pix GANs training framework. Accurate and realistic 3D models can be created with conditional image-to-image translation and dynamic aerial views. This study used tests on several datasets to show that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art approaches for a variety of metrics (Chamfer, P2S, and CED). Our 3D reconstructed human avatars in RenderPeople were 0.0293, 0.0271, and 0.0232; on People Snapshot (inside), 0.0133, 0.0136, 0.0050; on People Snapshot (outdoor), 0.0154, 0.0101, 0.0063; and on Custom data-drone (collected dataset), 0.0316, 0.0275, 0.0216.

This research deals with the study of the production of an acid resistant mortar using local raw materials. The produced acid resistant mortar is to be used as a protective coat to protect the surface made of the ordinary concrete and the other surfaces which are in contact with corrosive aoids such as (H2SOa and HNO3) from the effect of the acids mentioned above. Silicrete from the western desert was used as chemically inert solid filler. Different types of setting agents were added to the filler above one at a time to form a mix to which either the sodiurn silicate or the pota*.sium silicate solution was added as a binder. Sarnples of the raw materials were subjected to the mineralogical, chemical and physical tests to determine their reliability and to asses the optimum mix ratio. Ihe produced acid resistant silicate mortar coincides with the Arnerican Standards ASTM C466 is (1:2) (filler: binder) using 3%by weight either the Sodium florosilicate or the Ethyl acetate as a setting agent.

Abstract Background Anemia among adolescents (ages 10–19 years) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in low- and middle-income countries and carries long-term health and economic consequences. To address the issue, policymakers and programmers require evidence of the burden of anemia among adolescents in specific contexts, as well as an understanding of the factors associated with anemia in this population. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey as a baseline assessment to determine the prevalence and factors associated with anemia in secondary school students, as part of a cluster-randomized effectiveness trial testing different micronutrient supplementation strategies in addressing anemia among adolescents in Zanzibar. Between March 7th to 25th, 2022 the survey was conducted on 2,479 school-going adolescents aged 10–17 years from 42 schools on the island of Zanzibar, Tanzania. Hemoglobin concentration was measured along with the collection of socio-demographics, health, food frequency, and water, sanitation and hygiene data. Results Based on the World Health Organization cutoffs for anemia, 53.3% of the sample had anemia (mild, moderate, or severe). Using chi-square tests and logistic regressions, we determined that females had higher odds of anemia than males (Adjusted OR = 1.47; 95% CI: 1.24, 1.74), those in the highest wealth quintile had lower odds of anemia than those in the lowest wealth quintile (Adjusted OR = 0.7; CI: 0.54, 0.91), stunted adolescents had higher odds of anemia than non-stunted students (Adjusted OR = 1.38; 95% CI: 1.06,1.81), and those who used shared toilets had higher odds of moderate or severe anemia than those with private toilet access (Adjusted OR = 1.68; CI: 1.07, 2.64). Conclusions The high prevalence of anemia in this sample indicates an urgent need to address anemia among adolescents in Zanzibar, and the factors associated with anemia point to the importance of water, sanitation, and hygiene interventions in addition to dietary and nutritional support. Trial Registration NCT05104554, registered 03/11/2021.

This article introduces a dual-functional low-profile compact multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna array for multi-band communication in 5G smartphones. The proposed eight elements of the antenna array form two different 4×4 MIMO systems. The first four elements are placed at the four mobile corners and operate in a single band of 3.445-3.885 GHz for 5G n77 and n78 applications. The other system, in which four antennas are positioned in the middle of the terminal board, supports two wide bands of 1.684-2.300 GHz and 4.432-5.638 for n2, n3, n39, n65, n66, n79, and WLAN applications. The second iteration of a modified Peano-type fractal geometry served as the design foundation for the proposed antenna element. The system's ground plane design is based on self-isolated and spatial diversity methods. The single-band MIMO system's isolation is better than 23 dB. In the dual-band MIMO system that is based on self-isolation, isolation equals approximately 16 dB in the higher band and 10 dB in the lower band. To evaluate performance, radiation-related and total antenna efficiencies, scattering parameters and gains were investigated. Additionally, ECCs have been considered to evaluate MIMO performance. According to the results, such design constitutes a valuable option for MIMO applications in 5G smartphones.

Objectives To establish a reliable XN-HPC cutoff, for an effective CD34 + cell count of ≥2 × 106cells/kg of the recipient’s body weight, in harvested bone marrow products in allogenic transplantation. Methods The study was carried out in two phases. In retrospective Phase 1, data from 47 donors were analyzed. Sysmex analyzer XN-20 and BD FACS Calibur were employed to process XN-HPC and CD34 + cell enumeration, respectively. To make the two variables comparable, both XN-HPC and CD34 + cell counts were reported as the number of cells/kg of the recipient’s body weight. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was calculated for CD34 + cells and XN-HPC, followed by the calculation of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to identify the XN-HPC value which could effectively predict the cutoff of ≥2 × 106 CD34 + cells/kg of the recipient’s body weight. In Phase 2, the computed XN-HPC cutoff was validated in a prospective set of 53 donors by obtaining the positive and negative predictive values. Results Statistically significant correlation was obtained between XN-HPC and CD34 + cell count with Spearman’s rho of 0.54 (p-value

Maximizing long-term outcomes for patients following injury is the next challenge in the delivery of patient-centered trauma care. The following review outlines three important components in trauma outcomes: (1) data gathering and monitoring, (2) the impact of traumatic brain injury, and (3) trajectories in recovery and identifies knowledge gaps and areas for needed future research.

A Compact high isolation Multi Input Multi Output Antenna system working on 3.5 GHz (3400 - 3600) MHz is presented for the 5G mobile terminals. Four-antenna elements are employed to construct the proposed MIMO antenna system. These antennas are located over two slim side-edges frame of a mobile device to meet the present trend requirements of slim and full-screen smartphone devices. A modified Hilbert fractal monopole antenna and an I-shaped feeding line construct the antenna element’s front part, while an L-shaped shorted to the system’s ground plane are used to the antenna element’s back part. The overall monopole antenna element’s size printed on the mobile frame’s side edge is (9.72 mm × 5.99 mm) so the desirable antenna miniaturization is achieved. Based on the spatial diversity and self-isolated techniques, high isolation (better than 16.3 dB) is attained by the proposed four-element MIMO antenna system. To assess the proposed antenna element’s performance, the scattering parameters, antenna gains, antenna efficiencies, and radiation pattern characteristics have been evaluated. Besides, the MEGs and ECCs are investigated to appreciate the proposed system’s MIMO performance. Desired antenna and MIMO performances are achieved by the proposed four-element MIMO antenna system so it can be a good candidate for the future 5G mobile handsets.

Key Clinical Message Renal angiomyolipoma is a type of benign hamartoma that may occur sporadically or be associated with tuberous sclerosis complex. Due to their distinct appearance, CT, MRI, or sonography are typically used to diagnose AMLs. Abstract The uncommon benign hamartoma known as renal angiomyolipoma (AML) linked with tuberous sclerosis has a poor prognosis and potentially fatal side effects. Due of their distinct appearance, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or sonography are typically used to diagnose AMLs.

Objectives: The study's objectives were to determine, from the perspective of the students, how the administration of government schools in the Wilayate of Sohar in the Sultanate of Oman can improve intellectual security in the face of globalization, and to identify whether there are statistically significant differences in the role that are related to the student's gender variable. Methods: The study used the descriptive research method. Accordingly, the research sample consists of (381) students of Grades (11-12) in Sohar state, selected by the appropriate stratified method (males, females). A questionnaire was developed to measure the role of the school administration in enhancing intellectual security in the light of globalization for students, and its apparent truthfulness was verified by presenting it to a group of arbitrators and adjusted in the light of their opinions. The data was entered and then the appropriate statistical processing was carried out using the humanities statistical packages program (SPSS). Results: The level of the sample’s evaluation was at a moderate degree, and there were significant differences between the arithmetic averages due to the gender variable in favor of females. Conclusions: The study suggests that school administrators use plays, artwork, research, and educational articles to instruct and improve student understanding of intellectual security. Also, create a committee at the school devoted to enhancing pupils' intellectual security and educate and train parents on the detrimental impacts of social media and modern technology.

Introduction Adolescence is a critical time for growth and development, but this age group is often neglected in research and development of nutrition interventions. Despite recommendations from the WHO to provide nutrient supplements to adolescents, evidence remains scarce on the most effective supplementation strategy. This study aims to compare weekly iron and folic acid (IFA) supplementation with daily multiple micronutrient supplements (MMSs) in prevention of anaemia and improvement of school outcomes among adolescents in Burkina Faso and Tanzania.Methods and analysis A three-arm cluster-randomised, school-based supplementation trial will be conducted among 84 schools (42 schools per site) and roughly 4500 students aged 10–17. Schools will be matched on three characteristics: number of students, school ranking profile, distance to main road (Tanzania) or distance to city council (Burkina Faso). Each school will be randomised to receive either weekly IFA, daily MMSs or serve as a control. Supplements will be delivered to students by teachers, who will provide monitoring data to the study team. Baseline and endline surveys will be conducted prior to and after each supplementation cycle (12 weeks in Burkina Faso; 1 year in Tanzania) to assess haemoglobin, anthropometry and sociodemographic variables. The primary outcome of haemoglobin will be analysed continuously using linear regression, and anaemia status will be analysed using logistic or multinomial regression, depending on categorisation level of the outcome. Secondary analyses of school performance indicators will also be conducted with either logistic or linear regression.Ethics and dissemination This protocol has been approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health (IRB20-1108) and the Research Ethics Committees for the Ministries of Health in Tanzania (Zanzibar) and Burkina Faso. Results will be disseminated during meetings with the Ministries of Health and the participating communities as well as through peer-reviewed publications.Trial registration number NCT04657640; NCT05104554

ABSTRACT The routes of uptake and efflux should be considered when developing new drugs so that they can effectively address their intracellular targets. As a general rule, drugs appear to enter cells via protein carriers that normally carry nutrients or metabolites. A previously developed pipeline that searched for drug transporters using Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants carrying single-gene deletions identified import routes for most compounds tested. However, due to the redundancy of transporter functions, we propose that this methodology can be improved by utilizing double mutant strains in both low- and high-throughput screens. We constructed a library of over 14,000 strains harboring double deletions of genes encoding 122 nonessential plasma membrane transporters and performed low- and high-throughput screens identifying possible drug import routes for 23 compounds. In addition, the high-throughput assay enabled the identification of putative efflux routes for 21 compounds. Focusing on azole antifungals, we were able to identify the involvement of the myo-inositol transporter, Itr1p, in the uptake of these molecules and to confirm the role of Pdr5p in their export. IMPORTANCE Our library of double transporter deletion strains is a powerful tool for rapid identification of potential drug import and export routes, which can aid in determining the chemical groups necessary for transport via specific carriers. This information may be translated into a better design of drugs for optimal absorption by target tissues and the development of drugs whose utility is less likely to be compromised by the selection of resistant mutants.

The study in vivo evaluated the influence of ethanolic extract of G. mangostana peel on the histology, immunohistochemistry, and biochemistry of thioacetamide (TAA) induced liver cirrhosis in Sprague Drawly (SD) rats. The rats were distinctly administered with two doses of G. mangostana (250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg) with TAA showed a significant reduction in liver index and hepatocyte proliferation with much lesser cell damage. These groups were significantly down-regulated the PCNA, α-SMA, and TGF-β1. The liver homogenate exhibited increased antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT) activities accompanied with decline in malondialdehyde (MDA) level. The serum level of bilirubin, total protein, albumin and liver enzymes (ALP, ALT, and AST) were restored to normal and were comparable to that normal control and silymarin with TAA treated groups. Thus normal microanatomy of hepatocytes, suppression of PCNA, α-SMA, TGF-β, improved antioxidant enzymes, reduced MDA with restoration of liver biomarkers demonstrates hepatoprotective influence of G. mangostana.

Background: Respiratory distress is one of the most common causes of admission in neonatal intensive care unit . Objective: To determine the causes and to study the various risk factors associated with development of respiratory distress and outcomes of respiratory distress in neonates admitted to neonatal care unit of Mukalla Maternity and Child Hospital in Al- Mukalla city, Hadhramaut Governorate, Yemen. Patients and Methods: This is a prospective study covering the 12-month period between April 2018 to March 2019 to neonates admitted to neonatal care unit of Mukalla MaternityandChild hospital. Results: A total of 430 patients were admitted to the neonatal care unit. Number of cases presented with respiratory distress was 250, representing 58.1% of all cases admitted. The most frequent underlying cause for respiratory distress in children was respiratory distress syndrome (44%), followed by transient tachypnea of the newborn (18.8%), birth asphyxia (14%), meconium aspiration syndrome (12%), and other causes (11.2) (CHD 10(4%), sepsis (3.2%), congenital pneumonia (2.4%), and congenital anomalies (1. 6%). The majority of cases of respiratory distress syndrome and transient tachypnea of newborn were males with statistical significant difference. The outcome of neonatal respiratory disorders was: cure in 40.4% of cases, patients discharged with complications in 10.4 % of cases, and death in 49.2% of cases. The highest case fatality rate of neonatal respiratory distress diseases were respiratory distress syndrome (81.8%) followed by meconium aspiration syndrome (56.7% ) and birth asphyxia (34.3% ). Conclusion: Respiratory distress syndrome was the main cause of respiratory distress followed by transient tachypnea of newborn.

In this paper, a new filter is constructed by inserting two slots in the form of rectangular open loop resonator with folded ends. The insertion of these slots has successfully led to the compact size and the dual bandwidth behavior. The overall filter dimensions are 16×12 mm2, which correspond to 0.61λg × 0.4λg using a substrate with Rogers Ro 4003 with a relative permittivity of 3.38 and thickness of 1.0 mm. The resulting structure exhibits a dual-band behavior. The first passband has a center frequency of 6.2 GHz with FBW of 16.833% and input reflection coefficient better than -30 dB and insertion loss is approximately equal to -0.3 dB. In the second passband, the center frequency is 9.6 GHz, and the FBW is 12.57% with an input reflection coefficient better than -25 dB and insertion loss is approximately equal to -0.5 dB. The transmission zero is located between the dual passbands at 7.8 GHz with over -28.66 dB of the stopband. The simulation and performance evaluation of the proposed filter have been carried out using Microwave Studio Suite of Computer Simulation Technology (CST). As a result, this makes the proposed filter candidate for operating in satellite applications.

There is a continuing concern over the risks associated with the use of microwave ovens because of the probable effects of the radiation leakage on the health of the individuals. In this paper, a new microstrip bandstop filter BSF is presented, designed and measured as an attempt to reduce the radiation leakage from the domestic microwave ovens operating at 2.45 GHz. The proposed BSF is composed of fractal based open-loop resonators coupled with an open-stub transmission line. The open-loop resonators are in the form of modified Minkowski fractal geometry of the 1st iteration. The open stubs have been adopted to increase the selectivity of the filter stopband response. The suggested filter is designed at 2.45 GHz. Modeling and performance assessments of the proposed filter have been evaluated by means of the computer software technique CST Microwave Studio and the Sonnet EM simulator. Simulation results reveal that the modeled filter offers stopband response with high selectivity. A prototype of the proposed filter is fabricated. The size limitations of the microwave oven opening width have been taken into account. Good agreement has been found between measured and simulated results. Four arrays of such a filter have been implemented to cover the microwave oven door frame taking into consideration the opening dimensions such that it well fit it. Measured radiated electric fields from the oven show that it considerably reduces the leaked radiation. By suitable choice of substrate material and carrying out the required dimension scaling, the proposed design idea is flexible and can be generalized for use with a wide variety of microwave equipment in which microwave leakage represents a serious issue.

In April 2017, the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) asked the AAST Patient Assessment Committee to undertake a gap analysis for published clinical practice guidelines in emergency general surgery (EGS). Committee members performed literature searches to catalogue published guidelines for common EGS diseases and also to identify gaps in the literature where guidelines could be created. For five of the most common EGS conditions, acute appendicitis, acute cholecystitis, acute diverticulitis, acute pancreatitis, and small bowel obstruction, we found multiple well-referenced guidelines published by leading professional organizations. We have summarized guideline recommendations for each of these disease states stratified by the AAST EGS anatomic severity score based on these published consensus guidelines. These summaries could be used to help inform evidence-based clinical decision-making, but are intended to be flexible and updatable in real time as further research emerges. Comprehensive guidelines were available for all of the diseases queried and identified gaps most commonly represented areas lacking a solid evidence base. These are therefore areas where further research is needed.

Intellectual engagement is essential for international students' academic success. However, academic speaking challenges associated with communicative language anxiety and inadequate prior learning experience could impede students' academic communication abilities in foreign universities. Thus, students adopt academic speaking strategies to tackle these factors. Therefore, an explanatory sequential design was utilised to investigate students' academic speaking challenges and strategies used to counter these challenges in foreign universities. An online survey with 223 respondents was conducted, followed by 15 interviews and a focus group discussion. SPSS was used for quantitative data analysis. NVivo analyses of interviews and focus group discussions were performed to generate themes. It was found that communicative language anxiety and prior learning experience significantly affect academic speaking challenges and academic speaking strategies. Thus, stakeholders should consider international students' communication challenges caused by negative prior learning experiences to facilitate their overseas higher education.

Objective To explore whether older adults with isolated hip fractures benefit from treatment in high-volume hospitals.Design Population-based observational study.Setting All acute hospitals in California, USA.Participants All individuals aged ≥65 that underwent an operation for an isolated hip fracture in California between 2007 and 2011. Patients transferred between hospitals were excluded.Primary and secondary outcomes Quality indicators (time to surgery) and patient outcomes (length of stay, in-hospital mortality, unplanned 30-day readmission, and selected complications).Results 91 401 individuals satisfied the inclusion criteria. Time to operation and length of stay were significantly prolonged in low-volume hospitals, by 1.96 (95% CI 1.20 to 2.73) and 0.70 (0.38 to 1.03) days, respectively. However, there were no differences in clinical outcomes, including in-hospital mortality, 30-day re-admission, and rates of pneumonia, pressure ulcers, and venous thromboembolism.Conclusions These data suggest that there is no patient safety imperative to limit hip fracture care to high-volume hospitals.

This study demonstrates the capability of Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) sensor data to remotely map industrial carbonate rocks known as the ‘Oman exotics’ of the Sultanate of Oman. We measured reflectance spectra of marble using a PIMA™ spectrometer and studied their spectral absorptions distinguishing calcite from spectral absorptions of dolomite of the same region. The spectral band 8 of ASTER is processed by simple decorrelation stretch image processing method to map the exotic limestone rock of the Nakhl region, Oman. Results showed that carbonate rocks displayed distinctive tonal variation on the image. A comparative study with the spectral band 7 of Landsat 7 (ETM+) does not discriminate the calcite-bearing marbles and associated carbonate formations in the studied area. ASTER data were also processed by the application of the Maximum Likelihood Classification (MLC), Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) and Spectral Information Divergence (SID) image classification algorithms. The results were assessed by the production of a confusion matrix. The study shows the capability of visible near infrared (VNIR) and shortwave infrared (SWIR) spectral bands of the ASTER sensor and potential of the image processing methods to remotely identify industrial carbonate rocks and we recommend this technique to similar regions of the world.

The human vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene is located on chromosome 12q12–q14, and four common nucleotide polymorphisms have been identified. Several studies have found a relationship between polymorphisms of the (VDR) gene and development of type 1 diabetes (T1DM). The association of VDR polymorphisms and susceptibility to T1DM in the Egyptian population were examined in 60 individuals with type 1 diabetes and compared with healthy 60 persons. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) genotyping was performed using PCR and BsmI and FokI, by using two techniques, allele specific PCR technique and restriction fragment length polymorphism – PCR (RFLP-PCR). Data were analyzed using the chi square. The result approved that the genotype TA in SNP FokI was risk factor among type 1 diabetes mellitus patients combination which conferred strongest susceptibility to T1DM (P=0.004) while the SNP BsmI did not showed any significance between cases as compared with control (P=0.493). The results of the current study indicated that VDR polymorphisms are associated with increased risk of T1DM in the Egyptian population. The difference in the association of the aforementioned SNPs variants with T1DM among different populations may be attributed to the presence of multiple susceptibility alleles.

The protein tyrosine phosphatase, nonreceptor 22 gene (PTPN22) maps at human chromosome 1p13.3 which encodes an important negative regulator of T-cell activation, lymphoid-specific phosphatase (Lyp). The PTPN22 gene has been shown to associate with a risk for multiple autoimmune diseases, including type1 diabetes (T1DM). This study aimed to analyze the association of three PTPN22 polymorphisms in Egyptian population .The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at positions -1123 (rs#2488457), 1858 (rs#2476601), and +2740 (rs#1217412) were genotyped in 60 persons with T1DM, and 60 control persons, all three SNPs were genotyping using two technique, allele specific PCR technique and restriction fragment length polymorphism – PCR (RFLP-PCR). The 1858 C/T did not show any significance differences between patients and control groups. ( MCP=1.0) whereas, respectively -1123 G/C and +2740 A/G were significantly associated with T1DM disease (P≤0.0001) and (P=0.012).These results suggest that the PTPN22 gene of SNPs polymorphisms were associated with type 1 diabetes in Egyptian population. The difference in the association of the aforementioned SNPs variants with T1DM among different populations may be attributed to the presence of multiple susceptibility alleles.

Introducción: Las lesiones vasculares abdominales presentan los mayores índices de mortalidad y morbilidad de entre todas las lesiones que puede sufrir un enfermo traumático. Método: Revisión de la clínica, diagnóstico, vías de abordaje y tratamiento de los pacientes con lesiones vasculares intraabdominales, basada en la experiencia en el manejo de 302 enfermos. Resultados: Las heridas penetrantes abdominales constituyen entre el 90%-95% de las lesiones que afectan a los vasos abdominales. La lesión abdominal multiorgánica es frecuente. Los hallazgos clínicos compatibles con hemoperitoneo o peritonitis y la ausencia de pulsos femorales son tributarios de laparotomía. En los pacientes que presentan paro cardio-respiratorio, se debe realizar toracotomía de urgencia para masaje cardiaco abierto y pinzamiento aórtico. La mortalidad global es del 54%, la exsanguinación representa el 85% de la misma. El síndrome compartimental en el abdomen y en las extremidades, así como el círculo vicioso de la acidosis, la hipotermia y la coagulopatía son las principales complicaciones. Conclusiones: Las lesiones vasculares abdominales presentan una alta mortalidad y morbilidad. El conocimiento anatómico del retroperitoneo y de las vías de abordaje de los vasos así como una exploración clínica adecuada ayudaran a disminuir las complicaciones y la mortalidad de estos pacientes.

The earthquake hazard potential in the Sultanate of Oman is considered real as there are several reports of felt earthquakes in the Sultanate of Oman during the period from years 977 to 1998, although no damage to the existing structures has been reported due to earthquakes. In Oman, seismic zoning map and other basic data are required for the development of a standard code for seismic design of structures. In this paper, seismic response of a historical Nizwa castle in Oman is assessed employing the methodology of Uniform Building Code (UBC, 1994). Also, in the absence of data pertaining to the seismic zone factor and the site coefficient, the seismic response study is carried out by assuming appropriate values of these parameters. The results of such investigation are presented in this paper. The results show that some retrofitting measures have to be undertaken in order that the existing historical building may survive in a possible damaging earthquake.

The research aims to develop an instructional tool based on Discovery Learning (DL) combined with a Metacognitive Knowledge Strategy (MKS) to enhance students' Critical Thinking Skills (CTSs). In doing so, the study employed a Research and Development (R&D) method to develop such a tool. The developed instructional tool was tested for its validity by experts and practitioners' evaluation. Further, the empirical data were collected from the results of implementation in learning and the student's responses, while the data of tools effectiveness were acquired from the critical thinking tests given to students (analyzed by related t-test). The developed instructional tools were implemented in a limited-scale trial of 32 students and a large-scale trial of 59 students. The results show that: firstly, the DL and MKS-integrated instructional tools are stated as valid in terms of the lesson plan, student worksheet, and critical thinking test. Secondly, the practicality criteria have been successfully met; the learning implementation, students' activity, and students' responses were regarded as in accordance with the feasibility standard. Thirdly, the instructional tool was deemed effective in enhancing students' CTSs (p = 0.05).

Inadequate oxygen (hypoxia) triggers a multifaceted cellular response that has important roles in normal physiology and in many human diseases. A transcription factor, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), plays a central role in the hypoxia response; its activity is regulated by the oxygen-dependent degradation of the HIF-1alpha protein. Despite the ubiquity and importance of hypoxia responses, little is known about the variation in the global transcriptional response to hypoxia among different cell types or how this variation might relate to tissue- and cell-specific diseases.We analyzed the temporal changes in global transcript levels in response to hypoxia in primary renal proximal tubule epithelial cells, breast epithelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and endothelial cells with DNA microarrays. The extent of the transcriptional response to hypoxia was greatest in the renal tubule cells. This heightened response was associated with a uniquely high level of HIF-1alpha RNA in renal cells, and it could be diminished by reducing HIF-1alpha expression via RNA interference. A gene-expression signature of the hypoxia response, derived from our studies of cultured mammary and renal tubular epithelial cells, showed coordinated variation in several human cancers, and was a strong predictor of clinical outcomes in breast and ovarian cancers. In an analysis of a large, published gene-expression dataset from breast cancers, we found that the prognostic information in the hypoxia signature was virtually independent of that provided by the previously reported wound signature and more predictive of outcomes than any of the clinical parameters in current use.The transcriptional response to hypoxia varies among human cells. Some of this variation is traceable to variation in expression of the HIF1A gene. A gene-expression signature of the cellular response to hypoxia is associated with a significantly poorer prognosis in breast and ovarian cancer.

Valacyclovir hydrochloride (VC) possesses more oral bioavailability among all the anti-herpes drugs and more effective performance than acyclovir. The goal of the current research was to synthesize and characterize the inclusion complex of VC (ICVC) with gamma-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) utilizing various spectroscopic and physicochemical techniques like UV-vis, 1H-NMR, FTIR, conductance, surface tension, and SEM analysis. The studies confirmed that the 1 : 1 stoichiometry of the formed ICVC was well supported by molecular docking and DFT study. After complexation with γ-CD, the photostability was enhanced. The purpose of the current study was to create topical gels loaded with VC and ICVC and assess their potential to increase VC penetration through the topical route by enhancing their pharmacokinetic profile. The optimized topical gels containing VC and ICVC have zeta potentials of −3.8 ± 1.0 mV and −5.7 ± 0.9 mV, respectively. An in vitro drug release study showed that at the end of 8 h, 32.3% and 23.38% release of VC was observed from the VC-loaded and ICVC-loaded gel. An ex vivo skin permeation study of the ICVC-loaded gel showed poor permeability and negligible flux value in comparison to the VC-loaded gel, which implies the retainability of the drug at the dermal site as a depot formulation from which the drug will be released and act in a sustained manner. Based on these findings, it was confirmed that the efficacy of VC can be much improved through the topical delivery of ICVC-loaded gel for the treatment of herpes with minimum dose requirements, less toxicity, rapid action, and improved bioavailability of the VC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]