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BACKGROUND In this study, we wanted to evaluate the role of diagnostic laparoscopy in the management of blunt injury to abdomen in hemodynamically stable patients. METHODS This was a hospital based prospective observational clinical case study conducted among 30 patients who presented with blunt trauma of abdomen to the Department of General Surgery, Kamineni Academy of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, L.B. Nagar, Hyderabad, from September 2019 to September 2021 after obtaining clearance from Institutional Ethics Committee and written informed consent from the study participants. The aim of the study is to assess the role of Diagnostic Laparoscopy in the management of Blunt Injury to Abdomen in Hemodynamically Stable patients. Objective of the study were to assess the incidence of Hollow Viscus Injury not detected by clinical or radiological assessment, incidence of persistent bleed and to assess the incidence of Mesentery injury not detected by clinical or radiological assessment. RESULTS The most common mode of injury was road traffic accidents (23 cases) 76.66 %, followed by fall from height (3 cases) 9.99 %. Then accidents and assaults which were (2 cases) 2.22 % each. Ongoing bleeding from solid organ injuries was seen intra-operatively in 3 cases (9.99 %). P value = 0.0237 was calculated using Fischer’s exact test and was found to be significant P < 0.05. Most common grade of liver injury was Grade 1- 37.75 % followed by grade 3 - 33.33 %, then grade 2 - 20.8 % and grade 4 - 8.33 %. Grade 1 and grade 2 splenic injuries were more common with 36.36 % (4 cases) each. Followed by grade 3 27.27 % (3 cases). Diagnostic laparoscopy ongoing bleed was noted in 9.99 % (3 cases), followed by mesenteric injury in 6.66 % (2 cases) and hollow viscous perforation in 3.33 % (1 case). Total of 6 therapeutic procedures were done after diagnostic laparoscopy. Out of which, 4 were carried out in laparoscopy (66.66 %) and two were converted from laparoscopy to laparotomy (33.33 %). CONCLUSIONS Diagnostic laparoscopy can be carried out in patients of blunt trauma of abdomen, who are hemodynamically stable without any increase in morbidity or mortality. It is a highly useful tool to detect injuries which could not be detected on CT scan. Laparoscopic surgery can be used both as a diagnostic and therapeutic modality. Laparoscopy helps in reducing the negative laparotomies and significant decrease in both morbidity and mortality. With advances in technology and increasing in expertise in laparoscopy, it can be concluded that diagnostic laparoscopy is a valuable modality in the diagnosis and management of patients with blunt trauma to abdomen.

Most patients with advanced cancer develop skeletal muscle atrophy called sarcopenia, which reduces treatment tolerance and social activity and worsens the prognosis.

Objective: To evaluate changes in the levels of salivary irisin in chronic periodontitis, and to correlate the two. Methods: The analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at Fatima Memorial Hospital & College of Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan, from September 2017 to March 2018, and comprised patients of either gender visiting the periodontic out-patient department. The subjects were divided into group I, which had periodontally healthy controls, and group II, which had an equal number of chronic periodontitis patients. Chronic periodontitis was assessed on basis of pocket probing depth, clinical attachment level, plaque percentage and bleeding on probing. Also, 4ml of un-stimulated saliva was collected for the quantification of irisin protein using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data was analysed using SPSS 25. Results: Of the 40 subjects, there were 20 (50%) in group I with 10 (50%) males and 10 (50%) females having an overall mean age of 37.60±2.58 years. The remaining 20 (50%) subjects were in group II with 16 (80%) males and 4 (20%) females having an overall mean age of 43.25±6.10 years. Mean salivary irisin level in group II was 6.80±3.97ng/ml compared to 3.99±2.48 ng/ml in group I (p=0.009). Periodontal clinical parameters in both the groups were positively but non-significantly correlated with salivary irisin levels (p>0.05) except for decreased plaque percentage in group I (p

Tuberculosis is an airborne disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. M. tuberculosis and seven very closely related mycobacterial species (M. bovis, M. africanum, M. microti, M. caprae, M. pinnipedii, M. canetti and M. mungi) together comprise what is known as the M. tuberculosis complex. Most, but not all, of these species have been found to cause disease in humans. The case study has been designed to report pulmonary tuberculosis in a patient of 45 years age admitted in the DHQ Sialkot, who is recently diagnosed as having the disease but the symptoms and seriousness of disease was at its peak at the time of diagnosis. Complete history of the patient is taken along with his past medical history by direct interview of the patient. His chest X-ray as well as sputum AFB detection reveals the presence of disease. Patient was hospitalized until the confirmation of diagnosis and was discharged with the instruction of anti-tuberculosis drugs therapy. After studying and analyzing tuberculosis I concluded that, the treatment prescribed by physician is rational and true. Keywords: Multi-drug resistance tuberculosis (MDRTB), Tuberculosis, Rifampicin, Pyrazinamide

Background Inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) represent a subclass of rare inherited diseases caused by a wide range of defects in metabolic enzymes or their regulation. Of over a thousand characterized IEMs, only about half are understood at the molecular level, and overall the development of treatment and management strategies has proved challenging. An overview of the changing landscape of therapeutic approaches is helpful in assessing strategic patterns in the approach to therapy, but the information is scattered throughout the literature and public data resources. Results We gathered data on therapeutic strategies for 300 diseases into the Drug Database for Inborn Errors of Metabolism (DDIEM). Therapeutic approaches, including both successful and ineffective treatments, were manually classified by their mechanisms of action using a new ontology. Conclusions We present a manually curated, ontologically formalized knowledgebase of drugs, therapeutic procedures, and mitigated phenotypes. DDIEM is freely available through a web interface and for download at http://ddiem.phenomebrowser.net.

Active learning aims to reduce the time and cost of developing speech recognition systems by selecting for transcription highly informative subsets from large pools of audio data. Previous evaluations at OpenKWS and IARPA BABEL have investigated data selection for low-resource languages in very constrained scenarios with 2-hour data selections given a 1-hour seed set. We expand on this to investigate what happens with larger selections and fewer constraints on language modeling data. Our results, on four languages from the final BABEL OP3 period, show that active learning is helpful at larger selections with consistent gains up to 14 hours. We also find that the impact of additional language model data is orthogonal to the impact of the active learning selection criteria.

Users with cognitive impairments use assistive technology (AT) as part of a clinical treatment plan. As the AT interface is manipulated, data stream mining techniques are used to monitor user goals. In this context, real-time data mining aids clinicians in tracking user behaviors as they attempt to achieve their goals. Quality metrics over stream-mined models identify potential changes in user goal attainment, as the user learns his or her personalized emailing system. When the quality of some data-mined models varies significantly from nearby models—as defined by quality metrics—the user's behavior is then flagged as a significant behavioral change. The specific changes in user behavior are then characterized by differencing the data-mined decision tree models. This article describes how model quality monitoring and decision tree differencing can aid in recognition and diagnoses of behavioral changes in a case study of cognitive rehabilitation via emailing. The technique may be more widely applicable to other real-time data-intensive analysis problems.

We demonstrate the use of sequence pattern mining as applied to monitoring the usage of emailing software by clients with cognitive impairments. We show how Max Motif, a sequence-mining algorithm, can be applied using a stream-mining approach. Consequently, clinicians can now consider sequential patterns in their analysis of client emailing behaviors. Such analysis is part of the Think and Link project, which provides personalized email clients, a kind of assistive technology, to aid client communications that facilitate activities of daily living. By using the simplified, customized system, clients can now email, whereas they could not previously. By continuously monitoring usage, the project is able continually adapt the software to a user's changing needs. Thus, monitoring software usage, particularly email event sequences, is important. This paper introduces theory and design of stream sequence-mining for UI event streams.