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The synthesis of syngas (H2 : CO=2) via catalytic partial oxidation of methane (CPOM) is studied over noble metal doped Ni−CeO2 bimetallic catalysts for CPOM reaction. The catalysts were synthesized via a controlled deposition approach and were characterized using XRD, BET‐surface area analysis, H2‐TPR, TEM, Raman and TGA analysis. The catalysts were experimentally and computationally studied for their activity, selectivity, and long‐term stability. Although the pure 5Ni/CeO2 catalyst showed high initial activity (∼90%) of CH4 conversion, it rapidly deactivates around 20% of its initial activity within 140 hours of TOS. Doping of Ni/CeO2 catalyst with noble metal was found to be coke resistant with the best‐performing Ni−Pt/CeO2 catalyst showed ∼95% methane conversion with >90% selectivity at a temperature of 800 °C, having exceptional stability for about 300 hours of time‐on‐stream (TOS). DFT studies were performed to calculate the activation barrier for the C−H activation of methane over the Ni, Ni3Pt, Ni3Pd, and Ni3Ru (111) surfaces showed nearly equal activation energy over all the studied surfaces. DFT studies showed high coke formation tendency of the pure Ni (111) having a very small C−C coupling activation barrier (14.2 kJ/mol). In contrast, the Ni3Pt, Ni3Pd, and Ni3Ru (111) surfaces show appreciably higher C−C coupling activation barrier (∼70 kJ/mol) and hence are more resistant against coke formation as observed in the experiments. The combined experimental and DFT study showed Ni−Pt/CeO2 as a promising CPOM catalyst for producing syngas with high conversion, selectivity and long‐term stability suited for future industrial applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The synthesis of syngas (H 2  : CO=2) via catalytic partial oxidation of methane (CPOM) is studied over noble metal doped Ni-CeO 2 bimetallic catalysts for CPOM reaction. The catalysts were synthesized via a controlled deposition approach and were characterized using XRD, BET-surface area analysis, H 2 -TPR, TEM, Raman and TGA analysis. The catalysts were experimentally and computationally studied for their activity, selectivity, and long-term stability. Although the pure 5Ni/CeO2 catalyst showed high initial activity (∼90%) of CH 4 conversion, it rapidly deactivates around 20% of its initial activity within 140 hours of TOS. Doping of Ni/CeO 2 catalyst with noble metal was found to be coke resistant with the best-performing Ni-Pt/CeO 2 catalyst showed ∼95% methane conversion with >90% selectivity at a temperature of 800 °C, having exceptional stability for about 300 hours of time-on-stream (TOS). DFT studies were performed to calculate the activation barrier for the C-H activation of methane over the Ni, Ni 3 Pt, Ni 3 Pd, and Ni 3 Ru (111) surfaces showed nearly equal activation energy over all the studied surfaces. DFT studies showed high coke formation tendency of the pure Ni (111) having a very small C-C coupling activation barrier (14.2 kJ/mol). In contrast, the Ni 3 Pt, Ni 3 Pd, and Ni 3 Ru (111) surfaces show appreciably higher C-C coupling activation barrier (∼70 kJ/mol) and hence are more resistant against coke formation as observed in the experiments. The combined experimental and DFT study showed Ni-Pt/CeO 2 as a promising CPOM catalyst for producing syngas with high conversion, selectivity and long-term stability suited for future industrial applications., (© 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Allogeneic stem cell transplant-derived T cells have the potential to seek and eliminate sites of residual cancer that escaped primary therapy. Oncolytic myxoma virus (MYXV) exhibits potent anti-cancer efficacy against human cancers like multiple myeloma (MM) and can arm transplant-derived T cells to become more effective cancer killers in vitro and in an immunodeficient xenotransplant murine model. Here, we tested ex vivo MYXV virotherapy against residual murine MM in immunocompetent mice using an allogeneic mouse-mouse model. In contrast to all human MM cell lines previously tested, the murine MM cell line tested here was highly resistant to direct MYXV infection and oncolysis in vitro. Despite this in vitro resistance, we found that ex vivo MYXV-armed allogeneic bone marrow (BM) transplantation dramatically ablated pre-seeded residual MM in vivo. Unexpectedly, we show that both neutrophils and activated T cells from the donor function as virus-armed carrier cells, and MYXV-preloaded cells enhanced MM killing. Our results demonstrate a novel therapeutic paradigm for residual cancer, in which multiple classes of allotransplant leukocytes can be armed by MYXV ex vivo to enhance the graft-versus-tumor effects.