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This study explored the impact of feedback-supported tasks and peer-work activities on language learners' engagement, self-esteem, and language growth in a university setting in Saudi Arabia. Employing a sequential explanatory mixed-methods design, 45 participants in the experimental group and 43 in the control group underwent 15 sessions of treatment, while traditional instruction was provided to the control group. Pre- and posttests and semi-structured interviews were employed for data collection. Results indicated a significant increase in engagement and self-esteem among experimental participants compared to the control group. Language growth, assessed through a teacher-made test, also demonstrated a significant improvement in the experimental group. The findings align with Vygotsky's Socio-Cultural Theory and Long's Interaction Hypothesis, emphasizing the pivotal role of collaboration in language learning. However, limitations include the specific context and the absence of a delayed posttest. Implications for educators, syllabus designers, curriculum developers, and policymakers underscore the importance of integrating collaborative and feedback-oriented strategies into language instruction for enhanced learning outcomes. This research contributes valuable insights for shaping effective language education practices, while suggestions for future research encourage a more comprehensive exploration of long-term effects and contextual variations.

The research aims to prepare special exercises according to specific areas in the accuracy of performing the reverse low blow for squash players, and to identify the effect of special exercises according to specific areas in the accuracy of performing the reverse low blow for squash players. To achieve the goal, the researchers used the experimental method by designing the experimental and control groups with pre- and post-tests to suit it with the research problem. The research population was chosen intentionally, and they are junior squash players aged (13-15) years, who number (12 junior players), as the research sample constituted (100%). ) From the research community, they were chosen intentionally because there were no other players in the game of squash. After the tests and variables to be studied were determined, the researchers conducted the exploratory experiment as well as the pre-test, and then the exercises were applied during the training units. After completing the training units, the researchers conducted the post-test on the sample, and the researchers used the statistical package (Spss), and the researchers concluded that the exercises The special exercises contributed significantly to increasing the learning rate of the forward reverse low blow. These exercises also contributed to adding an atmosphere of suspense, excitement, and enthusiasm to the research sample, which contributed to breaking the deadlock in diversifying the exercises. The researchers recommend using the exercises prepared by the researcher, and creating exercises that suit the needs and level of The selected sample, and the necessity of conducting similar research on samples from other categories.

Abstract Secondary metabolites (SMs) are the primary source of therapeutics and lead chemicals in medicine. They have been especially important in the creation of effective cures for conditions such as cancer, malaria, bacterial and fungal infections, neurological and cardiovascular problems, and autoimmune illnesses. In the present study, Aspergillus pseudodeflectus AUMC 15761 was demonstrated to use wheat bran in solid state fermentation (SSF) at optimum conditions (pH 7.0 at 30 °C after 10 days of incubation and using sodium nitrate as a nitrogen source) to produce methyl ferulate and oleic acid with significant antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis of the crude methanol extract revealed eleven peaks that indicated the most common chemical components. Purification of methyl ferulate and oleic acid was carried out by column chromatography, and both compounds were identified by in-depth spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR and HR-ESI–MS. DPPH activity increased as the sample concentration increased. IC50 values of both compounds obtained were 73.213 ± 11.20 and 104.178 ± 9.53 µM, respectively. Also, the MIC value for methyl ferulate against Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus was 0.31 mg/mL, while the corresponding MIC values for oleic acid were 1.25 mg/mL and 0.62 mg/mL for both bacterial strains, respectively. Molecular modeling calculations were carried out to reveal the binding mode of methyl ferulate and oleic acid within the binding site of the crucial proteins of Staphylococcus aureus. The docking results were found to be well correlated with the experimental data.

Streptococcus agalactiae or Group B Streptococcus (GBS) infections are commonly associated with infections in neonates and pregnant women. However, there has been a rising incidence in nonpregnant adults. The risk of GBS infection in nonpregnant adults is increased for patients of advanced age and those with underlying medical conditions such as diabetes mellitus and cancer. We present a 77-year-old female with type-2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and bilateral foot ulcers that presented in probable septic shock with necrotic foot ulcers and necrotizing fasciitis and underwent bilateral lower limb amputations. The patient fulfilled the Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (STSS) criteria as defined by The Working Group on Severe Streptococcal Infections. These criteria were created for group A Streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenes). Our patient fulfilled the Working Group’s criteria, except that the blood culture was positive for group B Streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae). Numerous studies demonstrate the importance of early detection and antibiotic treatment for GBS infections in general and early surgical management for necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTIs) such as necrotizing fasciitis.

Abstract Background Muscle invasion in bladder cancer is a paramount factor in prognosis and setting the management plan. MRI is gaining preference in this field, being noninvasive with no radiation hazards and having good resolution, especially with the development of the standardized system of (VI RADS). Moreover, multiple other imaging features can aid in predicting muscle invasion. We studied some of the most commonly reported features to develop the most reliable combination to anticipate the presence of muscle invasion. Results Our prospective study on 80 patients showed 39 (48.75%) muscle invasive (MIBC) and 41 (51.25%) non-muscle invasive (NMIBC) bladder cancer cases. The inter-observer agreement on the VI RADS score and the ADC measurements were very good and they had high-accuracy predicting muscle invasion with areas under the curve (AUCs) on ROC curve analysis reaching 0.905 and 0.857, respectively. The imaging variables that showed statistically significant differences between NMIBC and MIBC cases were: the multiplicity of the lesions, vesicoureteric junction (VUJ) involvement with distal ureteric backpressure, tumor–wall contact length (TCL), tumor volume, tumor shape (sessile or papillary), presence of a stalk, the final VI RADS score and the ADC value. On the multiple regression analysis model, the multiplicity of the lesions, the minimum ADC value by ROI method and the final VI RADS score showed independent correlation with muscle invasion, negatively with the first two and positively with the latter. The combination of the six statistically significant variables on the univariate regression analysis (final VI RADS score, minimum ADC by ROI, multiplicity, index tumor shape, TCL and distal ureteric backpressure changes) showed the best AUC (0.944). Conclusions VI RADS has good diagnostic accuracy regarding muscle invasion; however, this can even be enhanced by including other quantitative and qualitative commonly reported MRI features as a proposed modification to the VI RADS.

One of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system disadvantages is its sensitivity to frequency offset and phase noise, which lead to losing the orthogonality between the subcarriers and thereby degrade the system performance. In this paper a joint scheme for frequency offset and pilot-based channel estimation is introduced in which the frequency offset is first estimated using an autocorrelation method, and then is fined further by applying an iterative phase correction by means of pilot-based Wiener filtering method. In order to verify the capability of the estimation algorithm, the scheme has been implemented and tested using a real measurement system in a multipath indoor environment. The results show the algorithm capability of compensating for the frequency offset with different transmission and channel conditions.

Objective: The primary objective of this review is to focus on research findings that aim to determine the immunomodulatory action of ginger's active components and the molecular mechanisms that reduce asthma. The study aims to provide an overview of the scientific literature available on ginger's efficacy in treating allergic asthma. Data Source: The mouse model of asthma has been used to investigate the actions of ginger and its active compounds on allergies and asthma. Various studies and scientific literature on ginger's health-improving qualities and its traditional use have been examined. Results: The findings indicate that ginger and its active ingredients have anti-asthmatic features and a suppressive impact on mast cell production of histamine. Animals given ginger and compounds derived from ginger demonstrate a notable reduction in allergic response, suggesting a significant role in lowering the allergic reaction. Conclusion: While ginger shows promise as a potential treatment for allergies and asthma due to its anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antidiabetic, anticancer, and antioxidant effects, further examination, extrapolation, and confirmation of these results are necessary before utilizing ginger and its active components in human treatments. This review highlights the need for additional research and provides an overview of the current scientific literature on ginger's efficacy in treating allergic asthma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

نفذَ البحث خلال عامي 2018-2019 و2019-2020 في مختبر الحشرات العامة التابع لكلية الزراعة – جامعة تشرين بعد جمع يرقات وعذارى حشرة أبي دقيق الملفوف الصغير Pieris rapae من الحقول المزروعة بنباتات الملفوف من مناطق متفرقة في محافظة اللاذقية خلال الفترة الممتدة من أيلول إلى كانون الأول، بلغت نسبة التطفل على يرقات العائل 47.61% خلال موسم 2018-2019 بينما بلغت 41.77% خلال موسم 2019-2020. بلغت مدة حياة البالغة الانثى 6.74± 0.24 يوم و5.68 ±0.24 يوم بينما كانت للذكر 5.76 ±0.94 يوم و4.52 ± 1.36 يوم مع تغذية بمحلول من العسل والماء بنسبة 50% في كل من حالة التطفل الإفرادي والفائق على التوالي، بلغت مدة التطور اليرقي 13.32±0.89 يوم و 10.2 ± 4.58 يوم، أما مدة تطور العذراء فبلغت 13.04± 2.10 يوم و10.2 ±2.22 يوم في كل من حالتي التطور الإفرادي و الفائق على التوالي.