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The author focuses on the problem of tropical cyclone Seroja which is known to have hit Rote Ndao Regency for the first time and how to deal with it if the disaster occurs again, so good management is needed. The purpose of this research is to find out how BPBD manages activities in dealing with the Seroja tropical cyclone disaster if it occurs again. This research uses qualitative methods with data collection techniques used through observation, interviews and documentation. In accordance with the type of research above, the authors used an interactive model from Miles, Huberman and Saldana (2019) to analyze the research data with 3 steps, namely data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing/verification.The findings obtained by the author in this study are that the management by BPBD in the Seroja tropical cyclone disaster is quite good, however, it still has constraints on funding and manpower which are still lacking. Disaster management in dealing with the Seroja tropical cyclone in Rote Ndao Regency is classified as good, this is because there is good coordination between BPBD and related regional apparatus in overcoming disasters in pre-disaster activities. in order to improve disaster resilient areas, it is advisable to optimize the use of local communities to be ready and alert in the face of disasters.

Waste management is one of the criteria for the evaluation of Green campus and sustainable university. Organic waste takes place in concern because of the domination of waste in university, such as food waste and dry leaves waste. Mismanagement in dry leaves will promote the campus area to look dirty. One method to control the dry leaves waste is the vermicomposting process. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the macronutrient content of dry leaves compost after the vermicomposting process. The research was conducted in the Faculty of Civil engineering and Planning, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta. The vermicompost sample in this study refers to the quality standards according to SNI 19-7030-2004 regarding compost quality standards. The results of vermicompost content value are obtained on day 56 is Phosphor amounting to 0.194%, amounting to 0.129% Potassium, and C / N ratio of 7.73. From the data that has been obtained can be concluded that the results of vermicompost are less effective as organic compost compared to the standards.

The industrial revolution 4.0 has brought tourism trends using enriched interactive technology services. Technology in the world of tourism has helped the expansion of the industry through the promotion and mediation of independent tourists to carry out all services and transactions easily, including obtaining tourist information. This study aims to develop promotion media for geography education tourism in Soppeng Regency and test the effectiveness of the media. This study adopted the Alessi & Trollip learning multimedia development model. The developed media was tested on 20 respondents with 10-item usability scale statements and 5 response options ranging from agreeing to strongly disagree. The level of effectiveness of the media developed after being tested using the usability scale (SUS) system is included in the Good category (good) with an average score of 76.5. This level of effectiveness is included in the acceptable to users or acceptable category, with a grade scale of C and an adjective rating in the Good or good category. The results of this study also indicate that users are satisfied with the developed media but are not enthusiastic so that users can switch to other, more interesting media at any time. In the end, based on the final score obtained, it was concluded that the promotion media for geography education tourism in Soppeng Regency (battle city application) was effective and acceptable to users.

Tropical Cyclone Idai induced flooding hit Zimbabwe from 15-20 March 2019, killing 349 people and damaging infrastructure worthy billions of dollars. Vulnerability to tropical cyclone flood risk remains high against limited government capacity. The Hyogo Framework for Action (2005-2015) indicators were used to analyse government capacity in handling Cyclone Idai disaster. The study used qualitative methodology alongside descriptive research design. Interviews, field observations and document analysis were employed for data collection. Results of the study are: a) legal framework capacity to handle Cyclone Idai met most priority 1 indicators but with some deficiencies, b) early warning systems were satisfactory and fulfilled all priority 2 indicators, c) collaboration and ego-sectoral approach towards building resilience and a safe culture through education, knowledge and innovation fulfilled all priority 3 indicators, d) efforts to reduce flood risk factors met all priority 4 indicators, and e) the active involvement and participation of stakeholders in flood risk research, education and training met all indicators under priority 5 although a holistic disaster response plan has not been developed. Challenges faced were under-funding and inadequate resources, inattention to issues of social vulnerability and social capital, legal gaps and leadership incapacity. Capacity-building efforts implemented were trainings, increased flood risk information dissemination, participation of schools in risk reduction and environmentally friendly conservation measures. The study recommends government to strengthen legal framework, decentralize disaster experts to districts and, allocate adequate funding and resources for risk reduction. Chipinge district to formulate a disaster response plan and institutional structure, increase disaster knowledge through active community engagement and participation in disaster risk reduction to promote resilience for national security stability.

Kuningan Regency, which is one of the areas that prone to landslides and floods. Based on its geological and geographical conditions, Kuningan Regency is located on the slopes of Mount Ciremai so that this area has a high level of vulnerability to landslides and floods. This study aims to identify climate change with rainfall indicators that have an impact on increasing the incidence of floods and landslides in Kuningan Regency as well as disaster risk reduction efforts by the Regional Disaster Management Agency (RDMA) and the local community. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, supported by data obtained from observations, interviews and literature studies. The results showed that climate change with high rainfall indicators had an effect on an increase in landslides and floods that occurred in Kuningan Regency. Disaster risk reduction efforts from the Kuningan Regency BPBD in tackling the risks of floods and landslides, namely by taking preventive action. RDMA Kuningan Regency has built public facilities such as shelter for refugees, signs for evacuation routes, early warning system, as well as strengthening disaster risk reduction forums in Kuningan District. The efforts that can be made by the community are by carrying out repairs, cleaning waterways, building cliff retaining walls and closing soil cracks

Produksi nanas mengalami penurunan. Rendahnya produksi nanas diakibatkan karena rendahnya hara tersedia. Oleh karena itu untuk meningkatkan ketersediaan hara dalam tanah perlu dilakukan penambahan kompos kotoran sapi. Namun bahan baku dari kompos kotoran sapi sangatlah sedikit. Sehingga perlu dilakukan penambahan limbah cair nanas yang diharapkan mampu meningkatkan keterdiaan hara dalam tanah. Penelitian ini dilakukan di PT. Great Giant Pineapple. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan November 2017 hingga bulan Mei 2018. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 5 perlakuan. Masing-masing perlakuan dilakukan ulangan sebanyak 3 kali ulangan. Perlakuan dari penelitian ini antara lain K0 (0 t ha-1 Kompos Kotoran Sapi + 0 L ha-1 Limbah Cair Nanas), K1(Pemupukan SBT (Standar Budidaya Tanam Nanas menggunakan pupuk kimia), K3L1 (20 t ha-1 Kompos Kotoran Sapi + 10.000 L ha-1 Limbah Cair Nanas), K3L2 (20 t ha-1 Kompos Kotoran Sapi + 15.000 L ha-1 Limbah Cair Nanas) dan K3L3 (20 t ha-1 Kompos Kotoran Sapi + 20.000 L ha-1 Limbah Cair Nanas). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian kompos kotoran sapi 20 t ha-1 dan limbah cair nanas 20.000 L ha-1 memiliki ketersediaan hara tanah lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya setelah dilakukan penanaman tanaman nanas di 60 HST (Hari Setelah Tanam). Sehingga pemberian limbah cair nanas mampu meningkatkan ketersediaan hara dalam tanah dan dapat memberikan substrat bagi mikroorganisme untuk proses dekomposisi bahan organik.

The circadian gene PER2 is recognized for its regulatory effects on cell proliferation and lipid metabolism across various non-ruminant cells. This study investigates the influence of PER2 gene overexpression on goat rumen epithelial cells using a constructed pcDNA3.1-PER2 plasmid, assessing its impact on circadian gene expression, cell proliferation, and mRNA levels of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) transporters, alongside genes related to lipid metabolism, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. Rumen epithelial cells were obtained every four hours from healthy dairy goats (n = 3; aged 1.5 years; average weight 45.34 ± 4.28 kg), cultured for 48 h in vitro, and segregated into control (pcDNA3.1) and overexpressed (pcDNA3.1-PER2) groups, each with four biological replicates. The study examined the potential connection between circadian rhythms and nutrient assimilation in ruminant, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle dynamics, and antioxidant activity and the expression of circadian-related genes, VFA transporter genes and regulatory factors. The introduction of the pcDNA3.1-PER2 plasmid drastically elevated PER2 expression levels by 3471.48-fold compared to controls (p < 0.01), confirming effective overexpression. PER2 overexpression resulted in a significant increase in apoptosis rates (p < 0.05) and a notable reduction in cell proliferation at 24 and 48 h post-transfection (p < 0.05), illustrating an inhibitory effect on rumen epithelial cell growth. PER2 elevation significantly boosted the expression of CCND1, WEE1, p21, and p16 (p < 0.05) while diminishing CDK4 expression (p < 0.05). While the general expression of intracellular inflammation genes remained stable, TNF-α expression notably increased. Antioxidant marker levels (SOD, MDA, GSH-Px, CAT, and T-AOC) exhibited no significant change, suggesting no oxidative damage due to PER2 overexpression. Furthermore, PER2 overexpression significantly downregulated AE2, NHE1, MCT1, and MCT4 mRNA expressions while upregulating PAT1 and VH+ ATPase. These results suggest that PER2 overexpression impairs cell proliferation, enhances apoptosis, and modulates VFA transporter-related factors in the rumen epithelium. This study implies that the PER2 gene may regulate VFA absorption through modulation of VFA transporters in rumen epithelial cells, necessitating further research into its specific regulatory mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Each year, the population in Kalianda subdistrict, Lampung province keeps increasing. The increase in population means that the need for living space also increasing, this can lead to land cover conversion from a vegetation area to a residential area. To find how much the change in land conversion over the year, a spatial analysis over the period of 18 years was needed. So that it is expected to be able to manage spatial planning to cope with disasters in Indonesia. This research uses Landsat 7 and 8 images that have been calculated using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) method. The results show that between 2010 - 2019, there is an increase in land cover changes in open land/house/building/no vegetation around 814 ha (6.9%), in low vegetation increase 975 ha (8.4%). However, in the medium vegetation was decreasing around 1123 ha (9.5%). Overall observation sample of the ground check is following the actual condition of land cover in Kalianda Sub-district. The data show that in the Kalianda subdistrict, land management is necessary to suppress land cover changes so that it won’t lead to environmental disasters

The role of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) in ruminal fermentation is well studied, but their effects on the ileal microbiome and epithelial health remain less explored. In this study, we investigated the impact of the exogenous oral infusion of three VFAs, sodium acetate (NaAc), propionate (NaPr), and butyrate (NaBu), on the VFA concentrations in ileal contents, as well as ileal microbiome profiling and epithelial health parameters (inflammatory cytokine and tight junctions) in goats. The data demonstrated that the oral infusion of three VFAs can enhance VFA production by increasing the proportions of each individual VFA and the total VFAs. Then, the microbiome revealed distinct microbial succession patterns and altered microbial diversities in response to the oral infusion of VFA treatments. Moreover, the oral infusion of each VFA had unique effects on the ileal bacterial community, with potential implications for epithelial health. Notably, the oral infusion of VFAs demonstrated potential anti-inflammatory effects, as evidenced by reduced IL-6 levels in the NaPr group and increased IL-10 levels in the NaAc group. Notably, the oral infusion of VFAs did not directly impact the tight junction concentrations, such as Claudin1, Occludin, and ZO-1. Lastly, the correlation analyses identified specific relationships between the ileal bacteria and epithelial health parameters, and Prevotella was positively correlated with IL-6 and IL-1β, while Bifidobacterium was positively correlated with IL-10. These results highlighted the crosstalk between VFAs, the ileal microbiome, and the health of the small intestine. Our findings had significant implications for optimizing ruminant nutrition, enhancing epithelial health, and promoting sustainable livestock production practices.

Decreased production of pineapple in Lampung allegedly because of decreased soil fertility. This is due to intensive landuse and the type of soil cultivated is Ultisol. Ultisol has characteristics, acidic pH, low availability of nutrients, high alumunium saturation and low microba activity in the soil. The purpose of this research was to determine population of phosphate solubilizing microorganism after application of cow dung compost and pineapple liquid waste in the Ultisol, Central Lampung. This research was conducted by incubation in a greenhouse with observation intervals of 0, 30 and 60 days. Observation of microbial population of phosphate solubilizing using pikoskaya. The experiment used a completely randomized design and Data obtained from the experiments was analyzed using the analysis of variance at 95% significant level, followed by Duncan test at 5% level. The results showed that the application of 20.000 L ha-1 of pineapple liquid waste and application 20 t ha-1 of cow dung compost (K3L3) in the Ultisol, significantly increase microbial population of phosphate solubilizing (36,67 x 102 cfu g-1) if comparedto the application of 20 t ha-1 cow dung compost (K3L0) in Ultisol (22,33 x 102 cfu g-1) at 30 days of observation. However application of cow dung compost has a higher microbial population of phosphate solubilizing if compared to application of pineapple liquid waste alone.

The increasing frequency of lightning strikes endangers human safety and life. The grounding system was introduced to face the lightning strikes. This research aimed to understand the changes of grounding resistance value using concrete mixed with bentonite and coconut fiber. The research was conducted in the Laboratory of Electrical Engineering, University of Lampung. The research was started from October 2017 to April 2018. This research used the Ufer grounding system. Concretes with (25 x 25 x 30) cm3 in volume were planted at a depth of 50 cm with copper-coated electrodes that were 16 mm in diameter. 4 concrete was produce with different component T1= concrete, 30% bentonite, T2= concrete, 30% bentonite, 1.5% coconut fiber, T3= concrete, 30% bentonite, 0.75% coconut fiber, T4= concrete + 1.5% coconut fiber. The results show that the lowest grounding resistance values were 45.896 Ω on the concrete with bentonite: cement: sand: gravel = 0.3: 0.7: 2: 4. By adding 1.5% coconut fiber, the grounding resistance value is 3.5 times smaller than the grounding resistance values of the soil (161.2 Ω). Adding bentonite and coconut fiber can decrease the grounding resistance values

Climate change has caused production declines and crop failures in some agricultural commodities. This study aims to identify the level of knowledge, adaptation practices, and types of protective trees used by coffee farmers in dealing with climate change. The research was carried out in Rigis Jaya Village, West Lampung District from May to July 2021. The number of respondents was 80 coffee farming households. Respondents were determined through a simple random sampling approach. The data collected consists of qualitative and quantitative data. Data collection was carried out through the survey method. The results of the study illustrate that coffee farmers have realized that climate change has occurred. 60% of coffee farmers are aware of climate change in the last 1-5 years and 20% of coffee farmers are more than 5 years old. From mitigation practices, 25% of coffee farmers mitigate climate change. Climate change mitigation practices carried out by farmers are through the use of superior coffee varieties, planting shade trees, setting coffee spacing, making vents, and utilizing the remaining coffee husks to increase soil fertility and moisture. There are 14 types of shade trees planted by farmers consisting of legumes and non-legume trees. Petai (Parkia speciosa) is the most widely planted shade tree in coffee plantations with 45% of the total respondents.

Shallot is one of important horticultural crops in Indonesia; shallot consumption per capita is estimated to be 4.6 kg per year. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of combining biofertilizer and organic fertilizer on the production of shallot in Sukabanjar village, Pesawaran, Lampung, Indonesia. The study was set up using a randomized completely block design with two factors, biofertilizers and various organic fertilizers, i.e. cow manure, chicken manure, rice straw compost, oyster mushroom baglog. Our study demonstrated that combining biofertilizer and organic fertilizer significantly increased the number, diameter, and fresh and dry weight of tubers of “Bima Brebes” shallot. Shallots treated with biofertilizer combined with oyster mushroom baglog produced the highest tuber yield of 1788 g compared to 282 g in the control.

This article, titled "Thoracic Duct Embolization via Ultrasound-Guided Direct Retrograde Thoracic Duct Access," discusses a case in which a 54-year-old man with stage IV lymphoma and recurrent chylous left pleural effusion underwent thoracic duct embolization (TDE) using a novel approach. Traditional TDE is performed through intranodal lymphangiography and antegrade fluoroscopic access of the thoracic duct, but in this case, the authors describe a successful retrograde TDE via direct ultrasound-guided puncture of the thoracic duct in the neck. The patient experienced no recurrent pleural effusions at the latest follow-up, suggesting that this ultrasound-guided retrograde access method may be a viable treatment option for patients with chylothorax. [Extracted from the article]

Leucine, a branched-chain amino acid, is essential in regulating animal growth and development. Recent research has uncovered the mechanisms underlying Leucine's anabolic effects on muscle and other tissues, including its ability to stimulate protein synthesis by activating the mTORC1 signaling pathway. The coingestion of carbohydrates and essential amino acids enhances Leucine's anabolic effects. Moreover, Leucine has been shown to benefit lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity, making it a promising strategy for preventing and treating metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes and obesity. While emerging evidence indicates that epigenetic mechanisms may mediate Leucine's effects on growth and development, more research is needed to elucidate its mechanisms of action fully. Specific studies have demonstrated that Leucine promotes muscle growth and metabolic health in animals and humans, making it a promising therapeutic agent. However, it is essential to note that Leucine supplementation may cause digestive issues or interact with certain medications, and More study is required to determine definitively optimal dosages. Therefore, it is important to understand how Leucine interacts with other nutrients, dietary factors, and lifestyle habits to maximize its benefits. Overall, Leucine's importance in human nutrition is farreaching, and its potential to prevent muscle loss and enhance athletic performance warrants further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Vesiculobullous disorders are among the leading causes of admission to dermatology. These are characterized by distinct mucocutaneous involvement and by the development of vesicles and bullae (i.e. blisters). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a group of gram-positive bacteria distinct from other strains of Staph aureus. As the susceptibility of bacteria to antibiotics varies from region to region and from time to time, this study will determine the pattern of antimicrobial susceptibility of MRSA isolates to the commonly prescribed antibiotics in our population. The objective is to determine the frequency of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and its antibiotic sensitivity pattern in patients with vesiculobullous disorders admitted to the Dermatology unit of Lady Reading Hospital (LRH), Peshawar. It was Cross-sectional and carried out in study Department of Dermatology, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar from Oct 23, 2020, to Apr 22, 2021. Methods: This study was carried out over 132 patients. After consent, Swabs of pus from the Vesiculobullous disorders were taken from all the patients and sent to a laboratory for culture. Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was labelled as Staphylococcus aureus bacteria by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method using oxacillin (1 µ gm.) disc on Mueller-Hinton agar (HiMedia Labs, Mumbai) with 24 hours incubation at 35 °C. Results: In this study, 132 patients were observed. The average age was 44.44 years ±13.74 SD. Male to female ratio was 1.30:1. There were 44(33.33%) patients who showed Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in vesiculobullous disorders patients. Conclusion: In our population, the frequency of staphylococcus aureus bacteria in vesiculobullous disorders is high so it will be considered while treating such patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]