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Abstract Background This study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of the Yamane technique (flanged intrascleral haptic fixation with double-needle technique /FIHFT) for three-piece intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in Egyptian patients diagnosed with Marfan syndrome (MFS) presented with subluxated lenses (ectopia lentis, EL). Methods This was a retrospective evaluation of thirty-three patients who were diagnosed with MFS and had subluxated lenses in a total of forty eyes. Seven of these patients had bilateral subluxation. Lensectomy or phacoemulsification was performed with limited anterior vitrectomy, followed by IOL implantation using the FIHFT method. Data was collected from medical records, including preoperative and postoperative corrected distant visual acuity (CDVA) using logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution (log MAR), preoperative and postoperative refractions, intraoperative and postoperative complications, and follow-up periods. Results The mean age of patients in the study was 30.79 years, with a mean follow-up of 23.9 months. Post-surgery, the refractive sphere decreased significantly from -9.1 ± 1.4 diopter (D) to -1.4 ± 0.7 D, and cylinder measurements dropped from -4.5 ± 0.8 D to -1.4 ± 0.6 D. The spherical equivalent (SEQ) also declined from -11.4 ± 1.5 D to -2.1 ± 0.8 D. The CDVA improved from 0.80 ± 0.32 to 0.18 ± 0.10 log MAR (P

Aims: The present study aims to investigate the effect of insulin on the healing of dental sockets in diabetic rabbits. Evaluating oral mucosa healing and bone regeneration of the healing process during three intervals 3-, 10- and 30-days post-extraction. Materials and Methods: Twelve male albino diabetic rabbit were used in this study, these were randomly sub-divided into three sub-groups (N=4) for the histological and immunohistochemistry evaluation at 3, 10, 30 days post-extraction and compared to the controls. The rabbits were euthanized at the corresponding time interval, each rabbit represented control and treated sample. Bilateral maxillary first premolar extraction (treated side and control side) was performed, followed by treatment injection into the socket. A gel foam cylindrical insert of (3*5 mm) dimensions was placed in both sockets. For the treated groups; a standardized dose 10 IU in 0.1 ml from a solution of 100 IU/ml concentration of Insulin; for each corresponding group was injected into the gel foam whilst in the socket of the treated side, while for the control side (was kept plain without injection). A secondary post-extraction standardized dose was split equally and injected buccally and palataly around the gingival margins of the studied socket on the 2nd, 4th, and 6th day post extraction only for the treated side. For each study interval rabbits in each group were euthanized, then specimen from the oral mucosa and maxillary alveolar bone from the extraction sockets with sufficient margins were immediately harvested and arranged for laboratory examination. Assessment of inflammatory response, granulation tissue formation, re-epithelialization, and bone healing and the expression of CD34 and Ki67 was performed. Non-parametric statistical analysis was performed, significance was recorded at p≤0.05. Results: Histological evaluation results revealed a significantly reduced inflammation response, reduced granulation tissue formation, higher and quicker re-epithelialization and enhanced bone formation for treated group when compared to control at certain time intervals within the total period of the study. The immunohistochemistry results revealed a significant increased expression of CD34 and Ki67 markers in the treated group as compared to the control groups at certain study intervals. Conclusions: Within the limits of the present study, local application of Insulin demonstrated a positive effect on the healing process of oral mucosa as well as bone regeneration of the dental socket of diabetic rabbits. The local injection of Insulin would be suitable candidate to be used in the enhancement of post-extraction healing.

Abstract Twelve spiro thiazolidinone compounds (A–L) were synthesized via either conventional thermal or ultrasonication techniques using Fe2O3 nanoparticles. The modification of the traditional procedure by using Fe2O3 nanoparticles led to enhancement of the yield of the desired candidates to 78–93% in approximately half reaction time compared with 58–79% without catalyst. The products were fully characterized using different analytical and spectroscopic techniques. The structure of the two derivatives 4-phenyl-1-thia-4-azaspirodecan-3-one (A) and 4-(p-tolyl)-1-thia-4-azaspirodecan-3-one (B) were also determined using single crystal X-ray diffraction and Hirshfeld surface analysis. The two compounds (A and B) were crystallized in the orthorhombic system with Pbca and P2 1 2 1 2 1 space groups, respectively. In addition, the crystal packing of compounds revealed the formation of supramolecular array with a net of intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions. The energy optimized geometries of some selected derivatives were performed by density functional theory (DFT/B3LYP). The reactivity descriptors were also calculated and correlated with their biological properties. All the reported compounds were screened for antimicrobial inhibitions. The two derivatives, F and J, exhibited the highest levels of bacterial inhibition with an inhibition zone of 10–17 mm. Also, the two derivatives, F and J, displayed the most potent fungal inhibition with an inhibition zone of 15–23 mm. Molecular docking investigations of some selected derivatives were performed using a B-DNA (PDB: 1BNA) as a macromolecular target. Structure and activity relationship of the reported compounds were correlated with the data of antimicrobial activities and the computed reactivity parameters.

This research evaluates the physical and chemical properties and concentration of trace elements and heavy metals in Iraqi crude oil. The way in which geographical locations affect oil quality is not widely known, especially in the Middle East. Therefore, crude oils from three locations (East Baghdad, Khurmala, and Nahr Omar) were selected. The physical and chemical data showed apparent variations in the properties of crude oils from different fields. Nahr Umr oil was the lightest (D = 0.8199 g/cm3, API = 40.57°) and the lowest in sulfur content (1.327 wt%), East Baghdad oil was the heaviest (D = 0.9067 g/cm3, API = 24.39°) and the highest in sulfur content (3.842 wt%), while Khurmala was (D = 0.8518 g/cm3, API = 34.12°) and (2.44 wt%) of sulfur content, reflecting the differences in the quality of crude oils. Advanced techniques such as the rotating disc electrode optical emission spectrometer (RDE-OES) and inductively coupled plasma (ICP-OES/MS) were used to measure the element content after sample preparation using microwave acid digestion. The content of metals in crude oil indicates that East Baghdad oil contains the highest rate of V, Al, Ag, and Hg. At the same time, Ni, Fe, Na, Ca, Pb, Se, and Li were higher in Khurmala oil, while Mo, Ti, Sr, Bi, Ba, and Hg were higher in Nahr Umr. The statistical analysis of the least significant difference (LSD) test was used to show the significant differences between the measured element concentrations at the 0.05 level

Botox treatment has become a popular method for reducing facial lines and wrinkles and rejuvenating the signs of aging. However, like any procedure, Botox can lead to temporary and minor complications. In the presence of certain systemic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, it is essential to take additional precautionary measures that should not be ignored, as it could turn into a life-threatening situation which may need to surgical intervention. Therefore, the key to success lies in ensuring that the procedure is carried out by skilled professionals, conducting a comprehensive medical history assessment, despite the simplicity of the procedure. Thus, we present a case of A 52-year-old diabetic woman came with a severe facial phlegmon persisting for 7 days and mentioned a previous Botox treatment 8 days ago. Drainage of the phlegmon was performed under general anesthesia using an intraoral vestibular approach.

اهداف البحث: يهدف البحث الي تقييم فعالية بروتوكول الحفر الوحيد في نجاح الزرعات السنية ومقارنته ببروتوكول الحفر المتدرج (الطريقة التقليدية) و مقارنة مدة العمل الجراحي باستخدام كلتا التقنيتين المواد والطرق: اجريت دراسة مقارنة على 24 زرعة من المرضى المراجعين لشعبة الجراحة الفكية بمشفى تشرين الجامعي وقسم جراحة الوجه والفم والفكين بكلية طب الاسنان وتم تقسيم العينة الى مجموعتين: 12 منها باستخدام بروتوكول الحفر الوحيد 12 منها باستخدام بروتوكول الحفر المتدرج تم اجراء البحث بطريقة الفم المجزأ حيث يتم اختيار عينة البحث من المرضى اللذين لديهم فقد سنين على الاقل وبالتالي يطبق بروتوكول الحفر الوحيد من اجل زرعة وبروتوكول الحفر المتدرج من اجل الزرعة الأخرى وذلك من اجل ضبط المتغيرات قدر الإمكان النتائج: كانت نسبة نجاح الغرسات 100% وبلغ متوسط زمن العمل في بروتوكول الحفر الوحيد 21.33±4.03 في حين كان 43.25±4.2 في بروتوكول الحفر المتدرج. الاستنتاجات: وجدنا وضمن حدود هذه الدراسة ان بروتوكول الحفر الوحيد يمكن اعتباره طريقة امنة للحصول على غرسات سنية ناجحة بالمقارنة مع بروتوكول الحفر المتدرج، وتجلت أهميته واضحة في اختزال وقت العمل الجراحي.

The increase in water demand and the scarcity of fresh water in arid regions have contributed to the depletion of groundwater. Artificial Groundwater Recharge (AGR) is an advanced strategy that contributes to combating water shortage issues. Limited efforts have been exerted to evaluate and demarcate AGR potential zones in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The current study aims to delineate AGR potential zone mapping using the traditional analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and a hybrid deep learning model namely, Convolutional Neural Network-Xtreme Gradient Boosting (CNN-XGB) was used for the optimal prediction-based suitability assessment. A total of nine hydrogeological factors were considered for AGR mapping. First, the influence of each parameter was determined based on expert opinion and literature reviews for the AHP approach (0.007 consistency ratio). Second, a hybrid CNN-XGB model (90.8 % accuracy) predicted the AGR and non-AGR classes as part of binary classification and generated an AGR potential zone map. Moreover, the contributing factors were analyzed deeply for the AGR site selection to understand the intercorrelation, importance, and prediction interaction. Using both approaches, a comparative assessment was conducted in the eastern, central, and western parts of Sharjah. The AGR zone based on the CNN-XGB model achieved a precision of (0.8168), recall (0.7873), and F1-score (0.8018). The critical contributing factors for AGR mapping were found to be geology (20%), geomorphology (15%), rainfall (10%), and groundwater level (10%). The AGR map is expected to help explore new sites with potentially higher favourability to retain water, deal with water scarcity, and improve water management in the UAE.

Background:. Patient-specific implants (PSIs) have been presented as an effective solution for diseases that require reconstruction. PSIs are designed to precisely fit anatomical defects or deformities in terms of shape and size. In addition to the possibility of predicting the results of surgery regarding soft tissue changes. Methods:. A research sample consisting of 10 patients with facial deformities underwent maxillofacial reconstructive surgery between 2020 and 2021 in the Tishreen University Hospital, Syria. All patients underwent computed tomography scans; then, the design of the required facial implant was carried out, and the three-dimensional soft tissues were reconstructed using the ExoCad 3.0 program based on the computed tomography. The final form of the facial implant was printed from polyether ether ketone, and then surgical work was performed. The patients were followed up after 6 months. Then, a comparison was made between the virtual design and the real result. Results:. The absolute difference between the expected soft tissue changes result and the actual result did not exceed three-tenths for all patients, and only two of 10 patients had measurements higher than 20%. Conclusions:. This technique can be relied upon with the placement of implants to predict the outcome of the surgical procedure in terms of morphological changes in the facial soft tissues covering PSI polyether ether ketone. Therefore, it is possible to make a virtual design based on the cosmetic requirements of the patient.

Abstract Background Coronary slow flow (CSF) often links to inflammation and endothelial function disturbance. While conventional ejection fraction measurements fall short in identifying myocardial dysfunction, left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LV GLS) has shown superior efficacy in this regard. Our study aimed to explore subclinical left ventricular systolic dysfunction by assessing LV GLS in patients diagnosed with coronary slow flow (CSF). Methods The study included sixty patients with CSF and sixty control individuals without CSF. Coronary angiography employed the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) frame count (TFC) to identify CSF. LV GLS values were evaluated and compared between the two groups. Results Significantly reduced LV GLS was evident in the CSF group compared to the control group (− 16.18 ± 1.25 vs. − 19.34 ± 1.33, p

Abstract The exponential development of resistance to conventional chemical insecticides adds another important motive for the creation of novel insecticidal active agents. One of the keys to meeting this challenge is the exploration of novel classes of insecticidal molecules with different modes of action. Herein, a novel series of spiro pyrimidine derivatives was prepared using some green synthetic methodologies such as microwave irradiation, and sonication under ultrasound waves. Spiro pyrimidine aminonitrile 1 is a key starting material for the synthesis of targets 2–9 by reaction with different carbon electrophiles and nitrogen nucleophiles. The structures of all the newly synthesized compounds were approved using spectral data. The toxicological efficiency and biological impacts of the synthesized spiro pyrimidine derivatives were assessed against Culex pipiens L. larvae. The toxicity of synthesized compounds showed remarkable variations against the C. pipiens larvae. Where, 3, 4 and 2 were the most efficient compounds with LC50 values of 12.43, 16.29 and 21.73 µg/mL, respectively. While 1 was the least potent compound with an LC50 value of 95.18 µg/mL. As well, other compounds were arranged according to LC50 values as follows 5 > 7 > 6 > 9 > 8. In addition, 3 and 4 exhibited significant prolongation of the developmental duration and greatly inhibited adult emergence. Moreover, many morphological deformities were observed in all developmental stages. Furthermore, cytotoxicity of the most effective compounds was assessed against the normal human cells (WI-38) as non-target organisms, where compounds 2, 4 and 3 showed weak to non-toxic effects. The study of binding affinity and correlation between chemical structure and reactivity was carried out using molecular docking study and DFT calculations to investigate their mode of action. This study shed light on promising compounds with larvicidal activity and biological impacts on the C. pipiens life cycle.

In this article, the (2+1)-dimensional KdV equation by Hirota’s bilinear scheme is studied. Besides, the binary bell polynomials and then the bilinear form is created. In addition, an interaction lump with kk-soliton solutions of the addressed system with known coefficients is presented. With the assistance of the stated methodology, a cloaked form of an analytical solution is discovered in expressions of lump-soliton rational functions with a few lovable parameters. Solutions to this study’s problems are identified specifically as belonging to the lump-one, two, three, and four soliton solutions. By defining the specific advantages of the epitomized parameters by the depiction of figures and by interpreting the physical occurrences are established acceptable soliton arrangements and dealt with the physical importance of the obtained arrangements. Finally, under certain conditions, the physical behavior of solutions is analyzed by using the mentioned method. Moreover, the graphs with high resolutions including three-dimensional plots, density plots, and two-dimensional plots to determine a deep understanding of plotted solutions that will arise in the applied mathematics and nonlinear physics are employed.

In this study, the effect of organic pollutants dissolved in water, which was extracted with normal hexane (HEM) on the physical properties of groundwater in the Azzab Al-Asfal district - Kirkuk, was studied, represented by viscosity, surface tension. And chemical properties: pH, basicity, acidity, chlorides, nitrates, sulfates, and chromium. The results showed that the organic pollutants are sourced from the oil wells in the (Bai Hassan) region of the North Oil Company. Oil spills and crude oil processing operations lead to contamination of groundwater in nearby areas with organic matter that has a direct impact on the physical and chemical properties of that water. As the viscosity and surface tension decreased as a result of the dissolution of some organic substances in the groundwater, these solutes acted as surface tension and viscosity reducers. Other chemical properties were also affected by human activities, as the alkalinity and acidity increased significantly while the pH remained within the medium limits. Concentrations of chlorides, chromium, and nutrients represented in nitrates and sulfates were also affected, as their levels rose beyond the normal values. The data were treated statistically using the (SPSS) software, and Pearson's correlation coefficient was used as a function to find out the correlations and their size between HEM and other variables.

هدف الدراسة : تقييم نتائج استخدام الموسعة التقويمية المثبتة بالبراغي في إعادة بناء العظم السنخي المتخرب والضامر في الفك السفلي. المواد والطرق: تألفت عينة الدراسة من 6 مرضى( 5 ذكور، 1 إناث، بمعدل أعمار تتراوح بين 20-36) ممن يعانون من فقد وضمور في العظم السنخي للفك السفلي. تم علاج هؤلاء المرضى استخدام الموسعات التقويمية وفق مبدأ التطويل العظمي بالشد بالمشاركة. تألف الجهاز المستخدم من جزئين: الجزء الأول هو الموسعة التقويمية والجزء الآخر الحلقات المصممة لتوضع البراغي. تم تركيب الموسعات التقويمية في مكان القطع العظمي في المنطقة المجاور لمنطقة الفقد العظمي وتثبيتها على القطع العظمية بواسطة البراغي.تم إجراء صورة cbct للمرضى قبل العلاج وبعد 4 أشهر من أجل قياس كمية الكسب العظمي. النتائج: متوسط الكسب العظمي الأفقي في نهاية مرحلة النضج كانت 7.55 مم (5.5 -10 مم) متوسط الكسب العظمي العمودي في نهاية مرحلة النضج كانت 6.91 مم (3.5-9 مم) الاستنتاج: تضمن حدود هذه الدراسة يمكن الاستناج بأن عملية التطويل العظمي باستخدام الموسعات التقويمية تساهم في إعادة بناء العظم السنخي المتخرب والضامر في الفك السفلي

This meta-analysis compares the efficacy and safety of inhaled versus systemic corticosteroids for COPD exacerbations. Following a pre-registered protocol, we appraised eligible randomised controlled trials (RCTs) according to Cochrane methodology, performed random-effects meta-analyses for all outcomes prioritised in the European Respiratory Society COPD core outcome set and rated the certainty of evidence as per Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology. We included 20 RCTs totalling 2140 participants with moderate or severe exacerbations. All trials were at high risk of methodological bias. Low-certainty evidence did not reveal significant differences between inhaled and systemic corticosteroids for treatment failure rate (relative risk 1.75, 95% CI 0.76–4.02, n=569 participants); breathlessness (mean change: standardised mean difference (SMD) −0.11, 95% CI −0.36–0.15, n=239; post-treatment scores: SMD −0.18, 95% CI −0.41–0.05, n=293); serious adverse events (relative risk 1.47, 95% CI 0.56–3.88, n=246); or any other efficacy outcomes. Moderate-certainty evidence implied a tendency for fewer adverse events with inhaled compared to systemic corticosteroids (relative risk 0.80, 95% CI 0.64–1.0, n=480). Hyperglycaemia and oral fungal infections were observed more frequently with systemic and inhaled corticosteroids, respectively. Limited available evidence suggests potential noninferiority of inhaled to systemic corticosteroids in COPD exacerbations. Appropriately designed and powered RCTs are warranted to confirm these findings.

Ciprofloxacin (Cip) and hydrocortisone (Hyd) were simultaneously measured as hydrochloride and sodium succinate, respectively, using the H-point standard addition method (HPSAM). The approach can precisely identify Cip in the presence of Hyd with various analyte-to-interference ratios (5:5, 5:10, 10:5, 10:10) µg.mL-1, in mixed samples containing (1-5µg.ml-1) of Cip, at the wavelengths of (236 and 257) nm. In the same way, Hyd was analyzed in the presence of Cip in different analytes with an interference ratio of (5:5, 5:10, 10:5, 10:10) µg.mL-1, in mixed samples containing (1-5 µg.mL-1) of Hyd, at wavelengths of (266 and 278) nm. The satisfactory results show good reproducibility of the developed method (RSD equals 0.9735-1.6825 and 0.9692-1.7671 for Cip and Hyd, respectively). The results also show that the excipients had no influence on the assaying of the above drugs (Recovery, 98.87–101.73). The recommended technique has successfully been used to determine the Cip and Hyd in pharmaceutical composites simultaneously with an RSD range of (0.972 to 1.671) and (0.898 to 1.820) for Cip and Hyd, respectively.

هدف الدراسة: تقييم فعالية تقنية التطويل العظمي باستخدام الموسعات التقويمية المثبتة بالبراغي في سياق معالجة العيوب والتشوهات في عظام الفكين العلوي والسفلي. المواد والطرق: تألفت عينة الدراسة من 9 مرضى( 7 ذكور، 2 إناث، بمعدل أعمار تتراوح بين 20-50) ممن يعانون من فقد وضمور في العظم السنخي للفكين. تم علاج هؤلاء المرضى وفق مبدأ التطويل العظمي بالشد. تألف الجهاز المستخدم من جزئين: الجزء الأول هو الموسعة التقويمية والجزء الآخر الحلقات المصممة لتوضع البراغي. تم تركيب الموسعات التقويمية في مكان القطع العظمي وتثبيتها على القطع العظمية بواسطة البراغي. تغيرات النسج الرخوة والعظمية تم تقييمها عن طريق الصور الشعاعية cbct والصور الفوتوغرافية خلال 4أشهر . النتائج: حدث تفزر الجرح في حالة واحدة و حدث انحسار لثوي بسيط على الأسنان الموجودة ضمن القطعة العظمية المنقولة في حالتين. بلغ متوسط الكثافة العظمية لمنطقة فجوة التطويل العظمي بعد 4 أشهر من عملية التطويل العظمي 497,9. بلغ متوسط الكثافة العظمية لمنطقة الفقد العظمي بعد 4 أشهر من عملية التطويل العظمي 513,29 الاستنتاجات: ضمن حدود هذه الدراسة يمكن الاستنتاج أن عملية التطويل العظمي باستخدام الموسعات التقويمية تساهم في تشكيل نسيج عظمي بكثافة عظمية جيدة وبأقل الاختلاطات.

An accurate and sensitive determination procedure has been established for the quantification of cefdinir in pure and pharmacological formulas. The approach was dependent on derivatizing cefdinir with sodium anthraquinone-2-sulfonate (SAS) in an alkaline medium to produce a magenta-colored derivative with a maximum absorbance at 517 nm against the reagent blank. Different factors affecting the interaction of cefdinir with SAS were studied carefully and optimized, such as the buffer value, medium acidity, the duration of hydrolysis, and the reagent percentage. Under optimized conditions, a linear calibration curve with a correlation coefficient of R2 = 0.9995 was obtained over the concentration range of cefdinir 0.5–100 μg/mL. The values of the parameters that represented the sensitivity of the method were satisfactory, i.e., the limit of detection, the limit of quantification, as well as Sandell's sensitivity (л) were 0.1 μg/mL, 0.5 μg/mL, and 0.064 μg/cm2/0.001 Au, respectively. The relative standard deviation was below 1.35%, while the percentage recovery was 99.930%–102.257%. The mole ratio of the colored complex was estimated by following Job's method of continuous variation, which indicated that the cefdinir-SAS ratio was 1:1. The suggested approach was proven to be adequately accurate, precise, and without interfering with common excipients and additives. Thus, it could be implemented successfully for the standard determination of cefdinir in its pure and pharmaceutical forms.

Abstract Background The goal of this work is to assess progression of diabetic macular edema (DME) following intravitreal ranibizumab injection compared to subtenon triamcinolone acetonide injection at cataract operation. Methods Retrospective analysis of 73 eyes of 65 participant with DME, with central macular thickness (CMT) ≥ 300 μm. The included eyes were separated into three groups; phacoemulsification with intravitreal Ranibizumab injection group, phacoemulsification with subtenon Triamcinolone acetonide injection group and phacoemulsification only group. Main measures involved best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) one week, one month and three months post-operative. The CMT was compared preoperative and postoperative (one and three months). Results After 1 month of operation, there was a statistical substantial distinction in the median of CMT between ranibizumab & control group (p

The research aims to be an attempt by the researchers to apply improving the model of the digital rise, thus opening the way for researchers who are interested in developing and expanding this idea in the future. The development of the improved digital elevation model within the boundaries of Al-Tharthar Lake its elevation levels means the unimproved digital elevation model within the lake boundaries of Mozaic topographic maps, in order to avoid the limitations of the unimproved digital elevation model that shows the entire lake at a level of 44 meters above sea level, so the improved digital elevation model shows its morphological, hydrological, topographic and topographic properties within the lake's various elevations within the lake's various elevations within the boundaries of the lake.These proposed steps in the research have proven to be efficient in improving digital elevation models, and the improved digital elevation model has proven to be highly effective in giving a high-level geo-reality perception of the lake greater credibility than it does: the unimproved digital elevation model as well as the old topographic maps. One of the recommendations of the research, recommends the Ministry of Water Resources and General directorate of Survey do accurate field survey principally hydrographic survey for lakes and rivers of the country through the marine area devices which are the best way to represent the topography of the lake with very high accuracy on two levels: horizontal topographic morphometric, vertical interval and elevation levels from both local and national geodesic reference. Consequently, the possibility of updating topographic maps which belong to 20th century

Abstract Background: The CHA2DS2-VASc score is utilized to order the danger of embolization in atrial fibrillation (AF). Also, it has been assessed the worse clinical scenario in acute coronary syndrome patients, regardless of having AF. The study aim was to use CHA2DS2-VASc score added to the safe contrast volume (Volume /CrCl) for contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) early prediction post PCI. Patients and Methods: The study included two hundred fifty nine patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention . For each patient, The CHA2DS2-VASc score and Volume /CrCl were evaluated. The patients in our study were divided, according to CIN development into two groups. CIN was identified as a rise in serum creatinine >0.5 mg/dl or >25% increase in baseline within48 to 72 hours after PCI. Statistical analysis: the receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to detect the best cut off values to predict CIN, and we concluded the predictors of CIN through multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: There was a positive correlation between Mehran score and CHA2DS2-VASc score. Independent predictors of CIN were Mehran score, Volume/CrCl ratio>3.2 and CHA2DS2-VASc >3, CHF or EF < 40%, hypotension, anemia, primary PCI and weight. If the patient had (CHA2DS2-VASc score>3 or Volume/CrCl >3.2), as a single predictor, we could predict CIN with (sensitivity 96.97 %, 95% CI 0.71 to 0.82). Conclusion: The CHA2DS2-VASc score and Volume/CrCl ratio are new predictor of CIN, and we can use the CHA2DS2-VASc score , safe contrast volume for early detection of CIN after PCI.

The biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using plant extracts has become a safe replacement for conventional chemical synthesis methods to fight plant pathogens. In this study, the antifungal activity of biosynthesized AgNPs was evaluated both in vitro and under greenhouse conditions against root rot fungi of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), including Macrophomina phaseolina, Pythium graminicola, Rhizoctonia solani, and Sclerotium rolfsii. Among the eleven biosynthesized AgNPs, those synthesized using Alhagi graecorum plant extract displayed the highest efficacy in suppressing those fungi. The findings showed that using AgNPs made with A. graecorum at a concentration of 100 μg/mL greatly slowed down the growth of mycelium for R. solani, P. graminicola, S. rolfsii, and M. phaseolina by 92.60%, 94.44%, 75.93%, and 79.63%, respectively. Additionally, the minimum inhibitory concentration (75 μg/mL) of AgNPs synthesized by A. graecorum was very effective against all of these fungi, lowering the pre-emergence damping-off, post-emergence damping-off, and disease percent and severity in vitro and greenhouse conditions. Additionally, the treatment with AgNPs led to increased root length, shoot length, fresh weight, dry weight, and vigor index of bean seedlings compared to the control group. The synthesis of nanoparticles using A. graecorum was confirmed using various physicochemical techniques, including UV spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis. Collectively, the findings of this study highlight the potential of AgNPs as an effective and environmentally sustainable approach for controlling root rot fungi in beans.

Abstract Background Stem rust caused by Puccinia triticina Erikss is one of the most devastating fungal foliar diseases, and causes substantial yield losses to wheat crops cultivated under field conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of plant extract-based foliar sprays for wheat with carnation, ginger and cinnamon on the severity of stem rust infection of three wheat cultivars cultivated under field conditions for two consecutive winter seasons of (2020/21 and 2021/22). Results In both seasons our data showed that all treatments were associated with some degree of disease suppression recorded as a range of 2.3–8.6% compared to 15.3–24.5% in untreated control treatment. The plant extract treatment was more effective than Amistar, a commercial fungicide. They recorded disease severity as: scores ranged between 2.3 and 3.2%; 3.0–4.5%, and 3.0–6% for wheat cvs. Giza 1, Misr 2, and Sids 14, in respective order. Meanwhile, scores of 4.1, 7.5, and 8.6% were recorded at fungicidal treatment. Spaying wheat plants with carnation extract showed the lowest disease prevalence followed by ginger and cinnamon extract, respectively. Increased in grain yield was associated with reduced disease severity. Conclusions The present investigation demonstrated the efficacy using plant extracts against foliar diseases caused by Puccinia and it was suggested that they may be an alternative to traditional chemical treatment.

The fusion of Silicon (Si) with MXene nanostructures is a promising avenue to boost the performance of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). This comprehensive review delves into recent progress and future prospects in the realm of Si-based MXene composites for LIB applications. Starting with an in-depth analysis of the structure and characteristics of Si-based MXene nanostructures, the paper elucidates their synthesis and characterization methodologies. The subsequent discussion delves into the mechanism and properties of LIBs, pinpointing the hurdles and possibilities for enhancement. The spotlight then shifts to the utilization of MXene materials in LIBs, emphasizing their pivotal role in ameliorating battery performance. Closing off, the review explores ongoing research trends and forthcoming directions in the field, offering insights into the potential applications and obstacles of Si-based MXene composites for the evolution of next-generation LIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aimed to study the availability of extension services that are provided to the coffee small-scale farmers in the Al-Udein district of Yemen. In addition, it outlines the other extension sources that farmers might depend on for the improvement of their knowledge and skills. The researchers found that the majority of respondents (70.8%) do not have access to any public institutions that provide extension services. Furthermore, the whole respondents (100%) stated that they are highly dependent on their experiences gained from the traditional practices. Moreover, more than (90%) of the respondents moderately depend on their friends and neighbors as a source of knowledge and skills. Furthermore, the researchers pointed out that (100%) of the respondents never depend on classical organizations as sources of agricultural extension knowledge. Additionally, (90%) of the respondents do not, at all, depend on agriculture exhibitions, agriculture films, printed materials, radio or TV programs as sources of knowledge and skills. However, (6.3%) of the respondents said that they are highly dependent on ‘WhatsApp’ as a source of knowledge. Finally, the researchers recommended that it is necessary to enhance the role of public extension services and encourage farmers to use the social media platforms and mobile phones in order to support the exchange of knowledge between extension services in one hand and between farmers themselves in the other hand which will led to enhancing the knowledge exchange process effectively and efficiently.

Abstract Background Women with inverted nipples may struggle with breastfeeding and may stop exclusive breastfeeding before six months. The use of an inverted syringe to evert the nipples was successful in achieving high rates of infant latching and exclusive breastfeeding in case series but has not been tested in clinical trials. This open label, parallel group, randomized clinical trial investigated whether the use of the inverted syringe technique in women with inverted nipples would increase exclusive breastfeeding rate at one month, as compared to standard care. Methods/Design Between June 2018 and January 2020, healthy pregnant women (N=54) with grades 1 or 2 inverted nipples were randomly allocated to standard care or to an experimental group that used the inverted syringe technique to evert the inverted nipple prior to every breastfeeding. The primary outcome measure was the rate of exclusive breastfeeding at one month. Secondary outcomes included the rates of exclusive breastfeeding at three and six months, any breastfeeding at one, three, and six months, nipple eversion, successful infant latching, breastfeeding-associated complications, maternal satisfaction with breastfeeding, maternal quality of life, and adverse events. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were conducted according to the intention to treat principle. Results Participants in the experimental group were less likely to be exclusively breastfeeding at one (RR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.44, 0.95; n = 47), and at three months (RR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.47, 0.91; n = 45), or to practice any breastfeeding at six months (RR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.34, 0.87; n = 44). Only 14.3% of women in the experimental group complied with the use of the inverted syringe during the first month. Breast pump and breastfeeding-associated complications were more commonly reported in the control group (p < 0.05 for both). Both groups had similar rates of nipple eversion, successful infant latching, and similar satisfaction with breastfeeding and quality of life issues. Conclusion The inverted syringe technique was not associated with improvement in breastfeeding outcomes of women with inverted nipples. Larger clinical trials are needed to confirm our findings. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03529630 ; Registered May 8, 2018.

هدف البحث: هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى مقارنة مقدار الانطباق الحفافي وتحمل قوى القص بين الدعامات الجاهزة الدعامات المصنعة بطريقة CAD\CAM من الزيركونيا والدعامات المصنعة بطريقة التشميع من خليطة الكروم-كوبالت. المواد والطرائق: تألفت عينة الدراسة من 30 دعامة، تم تقسيمها بحسب طريقة الصنع إلى ثلاث مجموعات متساوية (10 دعامات جاهزة من الشركة المصنعة للزرعات، و10 دعامات مصنوعة من الزيركونيا بواسطة CAD\CAM، و10 دعامات مصنعة بطريقة الشمع الضائع من خليطة كروم-كوبالت)، حيث تم في كل مجموعة قياس دقة الانطباق الحفافي ومقدار تحمل قوى القص. ومن ثم تمت المقارنة بين المجموعات الثلاث باستخدام اختبار Anova أحادي التباين، كما تم استخدام اختبار Tukey كاختبار للمقارنة بين كل مجموعتين من مجموعات الدراسة. النتائج: تبين وجود فروق جوهرية عند مقارنة مقدار دقة الانطباق الحفافي بين مجموعات الدراسة الثلاث (p

Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine drugs are widely prescribed for malaria disease. Since the end of 2019, humans have been under threat due to a disease called (COVID-19), which was first reported in China. Many methodical approaches have been reported to quantify chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in blood, urine, plasma, serum, and pharmaceutical dosage form. Some of these techniques are spectrophotometry, liquid chromatography with a mass detector, gas chromatography, and ultra-performance, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), in addition to electrochemical methods. This literature review discusses various analytical methods for the determining hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine.

Pertussis (whooping coughalso called100-day cough) is an extremely infectious bacterial illness caused by Bordetella pertussis. B. pertussis spreads by coughs and sneezes of sick patients. The present study aimed to investigate the pertussis incidence, and thereafter, decide whether it is necessary to import a vaccine for this disease in Anbar province, Iraq. This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed by using the electronic archives of Pertussis patients in Anbar Governorate hospitals during a period of 10 years from 2009 to 2019. The incidence rate of pertussis has been calculated by dividing the annual cases number of infections by the size of the population at risk multiplied by 100,000. From 608 patients with pertussis registered at Anbar province hospitals, 315 (51.8%) and 293 (48.2%) of them were males and females, respectively, with an average age of 11.1±3 years old. The incidence rates of pertussis in 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 were 0.014, 2.770, 1.427, 1.375, 3.421, 0.228, 0.00, 0.00, 21.321, 4.242, 0.604 in 100,000 people per year. The annual incidence ratio was 13.620/100,000 people per year. There was no statistically significant difference between males and females (P-value =0.130). There was one peak in the annual incidence rate of pertussis from 2009-2019 which happened in 2017. Lack of pertussis incidence during 2015-2016 was due to population displacement. Incidence of pertussis was more prevalent in the age group of 1-4 years old, compared to the1-year-old group. The incidence of pertussis decreased sharply during the last 2 years in Anbar province.

Biometrics is the measurement of an individual’s distinctive physical and behavioral characteristics. In comparison to traditional token-based or knowledge-based forms of identification, biometrics such as fingerprints, are more reliable. Fingerprint images recorded digitally can be affected by scanner noise, incorrect finger pressure, condition of the finger’s skin (wet, dry, or abraded), or physical material it is scanned from. Image enhancement algorithms applied to fingerprint images remove noise elements while retaining relevant structures (ridges, valleys) and help in the detection of fingerprint features (minutiae). Amongst the most common image enhancement filters is the Gabor filter, however, given their restricted maximum bandwidth as well as limited range of spectral information, it falls short. We put forward a novel method of fingerprint image enhancement using a combination of a diffusion-coherence filter and a 2D log-Gabor filter. The log-Gabor overcomes the limitations of the Gabor filter while Coherence Diffusion mitigates noise elements within fingerprint images. Implementation is done on the FVC image database and assessed via visual comparison with coherence diffusion used disjointedly and with the Gabor filter.

Mild brown and black spot diseases symptoms were detected on citrus varieties, Valencia and Navel fruits during season 2018 in some citrus orchards at North Egypt. Collected diseased fruit samples revealed isolation of Alternaria alternata and Phyllosticta citricarpa (McAlpine) van der Aa. Some organic acids, salts and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were evaluated against the diseases incidents in vitro and in vivo. Complete growth inhibition was recorded for fungi tested at 2g/L of salicylic acid, Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, Tri-Sodium polyphosphate and 2.5 g/L of S. cerevisiae. All pre-harvest treated Valencia trees, inoculated fruits revealed no diseases symptoms up to 10 days of storage period. Meanwhile, S. cerevisiae and salicylic acid treatments had extended protective effect up to 20 days. Control strategy through spraying Valencia orange trees with yeast or some organic acids and salts as pre-harvest approaches should be taken in consideration especially these diseases began to occur in North region of Egypt.

The problem of estimating earthquake risk is one of the primary themes for researchers and investigators in the field of geosciences. The combined assessment of spatial probability and the determination of earthquake risk at large scales is challenging. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there no updated earthquake-hazard-and-risk assessments for the Eurasia region have been published since 1999. Considering that Eurasia is characterized by a seismically active Alpine–Himalayan fault zone and the Pacific Ring of Fire, which are frequently affected by devastating events, a continental-scale risk assessment for Eurasia is necessary to check the global applicability of developed methods and to update the earthquake-hazard, -vulnerability, and -risk maps. The current study proposes an integrated deep-transfer-learning approach called the gated recurrent unit–simple recurrent unit (GRU–SRU) to estimate earthquake risk in Eurasia. In this regard, the GRU model estimates the spatial probability, while the SRU model evaluates the vulnerability. To this end, spatial probability assessment (SPA), and earthquake-vulnerability assessment (EVA) results were integrated to generate risk A, while the earthquake-hazard assessment (EHA) and EVA were considered to generate risk B. This research concludes that in the case of earthquake-risk assessment (ERA), the results obtained for Risk B were better than those for risk A. Using this approach, we also evaluated the stability of the factors and interpreted the interaction values to form a spatial prediction. The accuracy of our proposed integrated approach was examined by means of a comparison between the obtained deep learning (DL)-based results and the maps generated by the Global Earthquake Model (GEM). The accuracy of the SPA was 93.17%, while that of the EVA was 89.33%.

This study investigates alternative variants of progressive aspect in Jordanian Arabic (JA). The study explores to what extent the progressive aspect variants: [qaʕid] ‘to sit’, [3’am], ‘to do’, and [3mmal] ‘to be’, are constrained by the social factors of gender, age, region, and education. Drawing on Labov’s (1972) variationist sociolinguistics paradigm, a quantitative analysis of the said variants in the speech of 48 native speakers of JA was undertaken. To this effect, audio-recorded interviews of 30 hours of speech samples were analyzed by using GoldVarb X. Data analysis worked along three dimensions: the overall distribution of identified, targeted variants is presented, cross-tabulation of social factors is used to quantitatively analyze the relationship between multiple variables, and multivariate analysis is conducted to find correlations between several variables simultaneously. The study revealed that region, age, and education level significantly restrict the selection of [qaʕid] variant, while gender does not. The findings also suggest that some speakers view this variant as a marker of their identity. Moreover, the study revealed a kind of prestige associated with urban dialects, with [3’am] and [3mmal] variants being mainly used by urban speakers rather than rural ones. Finally, the findings highlight the significant impact of regional factors on language variation, with urbanrural differences obviously shaping linguistic patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A sensitive, accurate, and affordable colorimetric method was developed for assaying prednisolone (PRZ) in various medicinal forms. The procedure involves the oxidation of PRZ by ferric ions, followed by complexation of the resulting ferrous ions with ferricyanide to produce a greenish-blue product. Common complexation conditions were thoroughly investigated. The mole ratio of FeCl3·6H2O to K3Fe(CN)6 was 8:1. The proposed mechanism of complexation was suggested and considered. Various parameters were optimized, including the reduction of the colorimetric reaction temperature to 50°C and the duration of heating and analysis to 20-30 minutes. The calibration curve was linear over the range of 1-60 µg/mL. The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.5 µg/mL and 1 µg/mL, respectively. Spiking actual samples with standard PRZ showed recoveries within the 97.3-100.1% range. The method exhibited high precision, with an RSD% of less than 1.5%. Additionally, the study confirmed that common pharmaceutical excipients did not interfere. Real medicinal samples, including tablets, syrup, eye drops, and creams, were successfully examined for direct analysis of PRZ using the developed methodology, demonstrating its suitability for routine analysis of various PRZ-containing drug formulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]