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Diarrhea may be present alone or be associated with other symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain or weight loss. Diarrhea diseases represent a true public health that needs to be considered. On the other hand, Diarrhea was a very prevalent symptom of COVID-19 and other infections. This study objects to find different parasitic diarrhea. A total of 850 patients were surveyed, of whom 380 were men and 470 were women (sex ratio 0.80), with an average age of 33.5 years [15-80 years]. Acute diarrhea was reported in 55 % of patients, choleriform in 24 % of patients, and dysenteric in 21 % of patients. Among 850 stool samples, 181 were negative (21 %). A review of the stool revealed altered leukocytes in 374 samples (44 %). The most common parasites reported were Entamoeba histolytica, Trichomonas intestinalis and Giardia intestinalis representing 85 % of cases. Diseases most commonly associated with diarrhea include malaria (27 %), Covid-19 (15 %), acute lung disease (13 %) and genitourinary infections (9 %). Parasitic diarrhea dominated by helminthiasis remains a concern., Journal of Analytical Sciences and Applied Biotechnology, مجلد 4, عدد 2 (2022): July - December (In progress)

Sepsis could be a life-threatening crisis. Sepsis happens when a patient have an infection that have already triggers a chain reaction. Diseases that lead to sepsis most regularly begin within the lung, urinary tract, skin, or gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, it is crucial to establish an appropriate antibiotic choice and delivery method as the mortality increases with each hour of antibiotic delay. The objective of this study was to ascertain profile and anti-microbial susceptibility patterns of bacteria isolates from blood of patient’s detected with septicemia at Peltier Hospital in Djibouti. For the analysis, 509 inpatients hospitalized between two years were considered for the retrospective study. Serial blood culture sets were drawn aseptically into Oxoid Signal Blood Culture System Medium incubated at 37 ºC incubator and examined for microbial growth for ten consecutive days. Patients with at least a positive blood culture result were included in the study. The major pathogens of septicemia were Staphylococcus aureus (23 %), Escherichia coli (22 %), Staphylococcus epidermidis (17 %), Acinetobacter baumannii (15 %), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12 %) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (11 %). Therefore, gram-positive cocci were the most common pathogens found to be responsible for septicemia with predominance of Staphylococcus (40 %)., Journal of Analytical Sciences and Applied Biotechnology, مجلد 4, عدد 2 (2022): July - December (In progress)

Introduction: Simulation based educational interventions are increasingly used in clinical education. Such interventions have a wide variety of applications and formats. There is increasing interest in integrating simulation based interventions in mental health training, specifically for risk assessment. Methods: We will conduct a scoping review of the current literature, with the following objectives: • To understand how simulation-based educational interventions are being used to teach clinicians/care-providers suicide and violence risk assessment. • To assess how simulation-based educational interventions on suicide and violence risk assessment are being evaluated and their outcomes. • To identify evidence-based recommendations for simulation-based educational interventions for training suicide and violence risk assessment.

Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen for humans who are causing infections of the skin, lungs and sepsis. These infections can be treated with appropriate antibiotics. Their selection is mainly based on culture and sensitivity. Moreover, the problem of antimicrobial resistance has grown around the world because of their irrational prescriptions. The judicious use of antibiotics will reduce the multidrug resistance to antibiotics and thereby improve patient management and reduce the morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the objective of this prospective study is to evaluate the sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus strains that are isolated from different pathological products at Peltier hospital in Djibouti. This study aims to provide data on the selection of antibiotics which are suitable for the treatment of diseases caused by S. aureus., Journal of Analytical Sciences and Applied Biotechnology, مجلد 4, عدد 1 (2022): January - June

Hepatitis B (HBV) causes potentially fatal liver infection and associated significant morbidity and mortality. It is a public health problem that increases the risk of liver and bile duct carcinoma. This study aimed to assess knowledge and attitude regarding HBV infection among nurses working in Benadir hospital Mogadishu, Somalia Methods: Descriptive hospital-based cross-sectional study design was conducted on nurses working at Benadir Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia. A representative sample of 92 nurses working in Benadir hospital was recruited for this study during 2020, and a structured questionnaire was used to obtain and collect in-depth information on the nurse's knowledge and attitude towards HBV infection. Results: Of the 92 total respondents, the majority, 66 (72%), were females, and 47 (51%) were young and between the age of 21-30 years. Regarding the educational level, about 51 (55.4%) had a bachelor's degree. The study found that most nurses, 76 (82%), had good knowledge about HBV infection and a positive attitude 78 (85%) towards this infection. Conclusion: The study concluded that most of the nurses working at Benadir hospital had average knowledge of hepatitis Virus infection, mode of transmission, and a positive attitude. The study recommends a further in-depth study on how healthcare provider's knowledge, atttitute, and practice impact tackling the spread of this highly prevalent virus infection in Somalia. Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, Hepatitis B virus, HBV, Benadir hospital, Somalia.