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424 results on '"Alharby, Hesham F"'

19. Optimising microalgae-derived butanol yield

Author

Bauenova, Meruyert O., Sadvakasova, Assemgul K., Kossalbayev, Bekzhan D., Yilmaz, Girayhan, Huang, Zhiyong, Wang, Jingjing, Balouch, Huma, Zaletova, Dilnaz E., Lyaguta, Mariya A., Alharby, Hesham F., and Allakhverdiev, Suleyman I.

Published
2024
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43. Exogenous supply of potassium decreases the phytotoxicity of heat and salt stress in quinoa by ameliorating physiological and oxidative stress responses.

Author

Alzahrani, Yahya M., Abbas, Ghulam, Ullah, Usama Samee, Afzal, Saira, Alharby, Hesham F., Alsamadany, Hameed, Abdulmajeed, Awatif M., and Alharbi, Basmah M.

Abstract

Background: Soil salinity and heat stress are serious threats to crop production around the globe due to climate change. Potassium (K) has well‐established role in plants under salinity stress; however, its effectiveness under the combined stress of salinity and heat is not well known. Aims: The current study was planned to explore the role of K on growth, physiological, and oxidative stress responses of two varieties of quinoa (Puno and Vikinga) exposed to salinity and heat stress. Methods: Quinoa plants were exposed to NaCl treatments (0, 200 mM). Additionally, plants were either kept under ambient temperature (32/12°C day/night) or 5°C high temperatures and supplemented with 0 and/or 10 mM K. Results: The combined stress of salinity and heat resulted in drastic decrease in plant growth (≈50% for Puno and 60% for Vikinga), pigment contents, and stomatal conductance of both varieties. Heat stress magnified the accumulation of sodium (Na) under salt stress that limited the uptake of K in both varieties. Under the combined treatment of salinity and heat, the contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were 8‐ and 9‐fold, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were 11‐ and 13‐fold higher in Puno and Vikinga, respectively. The K supplementation enhanced plant growth, stomatal conductance, pigments, and K contents and decreased the accumulation of Na in both varieties facing salt and heat stress. Additionally, K also helped the plants to overcome the oxidative stress and resulted in 17.5‐, 19‐, and 14‐fold higher activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase in Puno and 14‐, 15‐, and 12‐fold higher activities of these enzymes in Vikinga. Conclusions: Due to better growth, ionic homeostasis, and higher activities of antioxidant enzymes, Puno is regarded as a more tolerant variety than Vikinga against the combined stress of salinity and heat. Moreover, the external supply of K is very promising for quinoa facing the dual stress of salinity and heat under the changing climatic conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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49. Bioassessment of Cd and Pb at Multiple Growth Stages of Wheat Grown in Texturally Different Soils Using Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films and Traditional Extractants: A Comparative Study.

Author

Shaghaleh, Hiba, Rana, Sana, Zia-ur-Rehman, Muhammad, Usman, Muhammad, Ali, Mujahid, Alharby, Hesham F., Majrashi, Ali, Alamri, Amnah M., Abu Zeid, Isam M., and Alhaj Hamoud, Yousef

Subjects
FARM produce, SOIL solutions, SOIL management, WHEAT farming, AGRICULTURAL productivity, HEAVY metals
Abstract

The bioavailability of heavy metals in soil is a crucial factor in determining their potential uptake by plants and their subsequent entry into the food chain. Various methods, including traditional chemical extractants and the diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique, are employed to assess this bioavailability. The bioavailability of heavy metals, particularly cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), is also influenced by soil texture and their concentrations in the soil solution. The primary objectives of this experiment were to compare and correlate the assessment of the Cd and Pb bioavailability using the DGT technique and traditional extractants across two soil textural classes: sandy clay loam (SCL) and clay loam (CL) at two contamination levels: aged contaminated (NC) and artificially contaminated (AC). The specific objectives included assessing the bioavailability of Cd and Pb at different growth stages of the wheat plant and correlating the DGT-based bioassessments of Cd and Pb with their concentrations in various plant parts at different growth stages. This study also compared the effectiveness of the DGT method and traditional extraction techniques in assessing the bioavailable fractions of Cd and Pb in soil. The regression analysis demonstrated strong positive correlations between the DGT method and various extraction methods. The results showed that the wheat plants grown in the AC soils exhibited lower root, shoot, and grain weights compared to those grown in the NC soils, indicating that metal contamination negatively impacts plant performance. The concentrations of Cd and Pb in the wheat tissues varied across different growth stages, with the highest levels observed during the grain filling (S3) and maturity (S4) stages. It is concluded that the in situ assessment of Cd and Pb though DGT was strongly and positively correlated with the Cd and Pb concentration in wheat plant parts at the maturity stage. A correlation and regression analysis of the DGT assessment and traditional extractants showed that the DGT method provides a reliable tool for assessing the bioavailability of Cd and Pb in soils and helped in developing sustainable soil management strategies to ensure the safety of agricultural products for human consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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