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Until now, there is still no specific treatment that has proven effective for COVID-19, so prevention of the disease is the best way to break the chain of its transmission. This prevention effort requires participation from the entire community. However, it is not easy for people to participate due to a lack of understanding about the disease and awareness of clean-living behavior to prevent infection. Yayasan Rumah Ibu Indonesia (Rumaisa) is a foundation that focuses on increasing family resilience. One of the targets for clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS) is household/family; therefore, PHBS education and training in homes during the pandemic, especially for mothers, is a strategic way to mobilize and empower family members to practice clean and healthy behavior. This study aims to determine the effect of education and training of PHBS within families during the pandemic on mothers’’ knowledge in Yayasan Rumaisa. Participants’ level of knowledge is measured using a questionnaire given before and after the education and training, in the form of pre-test and post-test. From the results, it can be seen that the post-test scores were increased compared to the pre-test scores. An increase in participants’ knowledge of PHBS within families during the pandemic is expected to increase community participation in preventing disease transmission, especially COVID-19.

Since the outbreak of the Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19) case in March 2020, the government issued a policy to conduct distance learning. Conditions that require learning activities to be carried out online caused the children to to use applications to carry out learning activities. One of the obstacles in implementing distance learning activities is the lack of technology mastery by parents and children. This causes children to have difficulty in learning the material provided by the school. In this activity, training was conducted to use virtual learning applications as learning media with the target of active parents and students in TPA Ziyaadatul Hasanah, Duren Sawit. With this training, it is hoped that parents and students can use virtual learning applications. So that parents can guide their sons and daughters in conducting distance learning activity and students are not left behind due to internet connection problems. From the results of the questionnaire given to participants to measure understanding of the training, participants gained increased knowledge about virtual learning applications as proofed by the increase in scores obtained from the pre-test and post-test results. In the pre-test the average score obtained by the participants was 8.3 while in the post-test the average score was 9.45 out of a scale of 10. In terms of satisfaction, the average score given by the participants was in the range of 4.1 to 4.75 and belongs to the very good range. Based on the results of discussions with participants, participants expected that there would be further activities related to their problems to be provided by the community service team.ABSTRAKSejak merebaknya kasus Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19) pada bulan Maret 2020, pemerintah mengeluarkan kebijakan untuk melakukan pembelajaran secara jarak jauh (PJJ). Kondisi yang mengharuskan kegiatan pembelajaran dilakukan secara daring menyebabkan anak-anak harus menggunakan aplikasi untuk melakukan kegiatan pembelajaran. Salah satu kendala dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan PJJ adalah kurangnya penguasaan teknologi oleh orang tua dan anak. Hal tersebut menyebabkan anak-anak kesulitan dalam mempelajari materi yang diberikan. Pada kegiatan ini dilakukan pelatihan penggunaan aplikasi virtual learning sebagai media pembelajaran dengan sasaran orang tua dan siswa yang aktif di TPA Ziyaadatul Hasanah, Duren Sawit. Dengan adanya pelatihan ini diharapkan orang tua dan siswa dapat menggunakan aplikasi virtual learning. Sehingga orang tua dapat membimbing putra putrinya dalam PJJ dan siswa tidak tertinggal materi karena masalah koneksi internet. Dari hasil kuesioner yang diberikan kepada peserta untuk mengukur pemahaman terhadap pelatihan yang diberikan, peserta mendapatkan peningkatan pengetahuan mengenai aplikasi virtual learning yang dibuktikan dengan peningkatan nilai yang didapatkan dari hasil pre-test dan post-test. Pada pre-test nilai rata-rata yang didapatkan peserta adalah 8.3 sedangkan pada post-test rata-rata nilainya adalah 9.45 dari skala 10. Sementara dari sisi kepuasan, rata-rata skor yang diberikan oleh peserta berada pada rentang 4.1 hingga 4.75 dan termasuk ke dalam rentang sangat baik. Berdasarkan hasil diskusi dengan peserta, warga mengharapkan adanya kegiatan lanjutan dari pelatihan virtual learning yang dilakukan pada periode PkM ini.

The outbreak of the Covid-19 virus pandemic forced the government to enforce rules for studying from home. Although many online learning facilities is available, the access requires adequate internet connection and supporting devices. This limited internet connection is a problem often faced by the students. The Internet connection can be made using a data package from a smartphone; however, lack of knowledge in using the features in a smartphone causes difficulties to share access and the solution taken is each smartphone is subscribed to an individual data packet. The lack of knowledge on sharing internet access using smartphones is the issue faced by teachers and parents at TPA Ziyaadatul Hasanah, Duren Sawit, East Jakarta. There is an alternative solution to overcome the problem by using Tethering and Hotspot technology to share the internet access using a single data package. Its application requires correct procedures so that the internet connection can be shared properly. This community service activity provided knowledge and skills training in using internet connection sharing methods using tethering and hotspot technology and how to solve problems that arise for teachers and parents of students at TPA Ziyaadatul Hasanah with the target to increase their knowledge and skills in sharing the internet access using smartphones. Based on the survey, the knowledge of participants increased after the training, with an average increase of 17.6% before training to 41.2% for participants with good scores. In addition, they can also solve problems that arise when implementing the method given in the trainingABSTRAK:Terjadinya pandemi virus Covid-19 memaksa pemerintah untuk memberlakukan aturan belajar dari rumah. Meskipun fasilitas belajar daring (online) begitu banyak tetapi aksesnya memerlukan fasilitas koneksi internet yang cukup dengan perangkat yang memadai. Keterbatasan koneksi internet tersebut menjadi permasalahan yang sering dihadapi oleh para murid sekolah. Koneksi internet dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan paket data dari telepon pintar akan tetapi keterbatasan pengetahuan dalam penggunaan fitur dari telepon pintar menyebabkan kesulitan untuk dapat berbagi akses dan solusi yang diambil biasanya adalah masing-masing telepon pintar menggunakan paket data individual. Keterbatasan pengetahuan tentang berbagi akses internet menggunakan telepon pintar tersebut merupakan masalah yang dihadapi oleh guru dan orang tua murid di TPA Ziyaadatul Hasanah, Duren Sawit, Jakarta Timur. Ada solusi altenatif yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut yaitu dengan menggunakan teknologi Hotspot dan Tethering untuk berbagi internet dengan satu kuota paket data. Penerapannya memerlukan prosedur dan tahapan yang benar agar koneksi internet dapat berjalan dengan baik, oleh karena itu, pada program kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini diberikan pengetahuan dan pelatihan ketrampilan dalam melakukan metode berbagi koneksi internet menggunakan teknologi tethering dan hotspot serta bagaimana mengatasi permasalahan yang timbul kepada guru dan orang tua murid di TPA Ziyaadatul Hasanah dengan target untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan para peserta pelatihan dalam berbagi internet menggunakan telepon pintar. Berdasarkan hasil survei diperoleh bahwa pengetahuan dari peserta meningkat setelah mereka mengikuti pelatihan, dengan peningkatan sebesar rata-rata 17,6% sebelum pelatihan menjadi 41,2% untuk peserta dengan nilai baik. Selain itu mereka juga dapat mengatasi masalah yang timbul ketika menerapkan metode yang diajarkan

Background: Bacillus anthracis has the potential to be used as a biological weapon or as a form of bioterorism. Bacillus anthracis attacks are very lethal, and spore transmission is simple and inexpensive. The goal of this research was to detect Bacillus anthracis spores. Methods: To encourage capsule formation, Bacillus anthracis isolates were cultured on serum agar and then sheep blood medium. Spores which formed painted using the method of Schaefer and Fultton. Bacillus anthracis spores were detected using precipitation and immuno-chromatography techniques. Results: Bacillus anthracis spores are green, as seen by painting with the Schaeffer and Fulton method. A silver white tint resulted from a precipitation interaction between Bacillus anthracis spores and goat antibody anti anthrosa. Anti-anthrosa goat antibody was used to identify Anthrosa of Bacillus anthracis spores using immuno-chromatography. The molecular weight of anthrosa is ±148 kDa. Conclusions: Bacillus anthracis spores can be detected utilising the methods of precipitation and immuno-chromatography using goat antibody anti anthrosa. Anti-anthrosa antibodies from goats have been found to react favourably with Bacillus anthracis spores.

Aortic enlargement is not an uncommon incidental finding with potential omission of clinical implications. During routine dissection in the middle of the thorax, there was an incidental finding of a disproportionately enlarged aorta in comparison to normal-sized heart at gross observation despite normal anatomy in local and adjacent structures. Incidental finding of aortic enlargement should not be disregarded as it might contribute to pathological processes. The use of indices could give a more comprehensive appraisal of cardiovascular system dimensions.

urutan Deoxyribo asam nukleat (DNA) yang memiliki beberapa bagian ekson dalam urutan coding (cd) adalah bagian penting dalam proses biologis untuk menghasilkan protein. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengontrol ekson DNA yang ada di CD dengan menggunakan Hidden Markov Model (HMM) sehingga protein yang dihasilkan tidak berubah. HMM metode memiliki parameter misalnya; negara, nilai keadaan transisi, negara emisi dasar dan algoritma yang digunakan untuk pelatihan dan proses pengujian. Nilai dari negara transisi secara acak berbagai ditentukan nilai antara 0 ~ 1. Pelaksanaan HMM di ekson kontroler memiliki struktur model 20-negara dan tes simulasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan nilai negara transisi dan jumlah urutan yang berbeda. Proses simulasi dengan struktur model 20-negara adalah menghasilkan nilai kinerja model dengan Koefisien Korelasi (CC) adalah 0,7571 dengan menggunakan 220 urutan. Penelitian ini meningkatkan nilai CC dengan cara mengelompokkan data dan hasilnya adalah 0,8808 untuk sub model dengan 69 urutan dan 0,8183 dengan 157 urutan.

Background: Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is a protein. The synthesis of SHBG protein is encoded by SHBG gene. Protein polymorphism of SHBG can occur because of a mutation of D327N exon 8 in SHBG gene. D327N mutation causes the addition of glycosylation so that molecular weight of SHBG protein increases. Protein polymorphism of SHBG is suspected to affect the levels of SHBG, testosterone, and insulin in the blood circulation. Objective: To determine the effect of protein polymorphism of SHBG on the levels of SHBG, testosterone, and insulin in healthy adult men. Materials and Methods: Serum samples were collected from 179 healthy adult men. Electrophoresis and western blotting were performed to determine the phenotype of SHBG. All subjects were divided into two groups based on SHBG phenotype; group I (normal SHBG phenotype) n = 159 subjects and group II (variant SHBG phenotype) n = 38 subjects. Result: The levels of serum SHBG, testosterone, and insulin were measured using radioimmunoassay method. The levels of SHBG, total testosterone, and free testosterone between normal SHBG phenotype do not differ with variant SHBG phenotype (p > 0.05), but insulin levels between normal SHBG phenotype compared with variant SHBG phenotype was different (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Protein polymorphisms of SHBG was not found to affect the levels of SHBG, total testosterone, and free testosterone. Protein polymorphism of SHBG was found to affect the insulin levels in the blood serum.

Background: Genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum represents a major issue in understanding the several aspects of malaria infection and diseases. The merozoite surface protein (MSP)-1 gene of P. falciparum codes for a major asexual blood-stage antigen, presently proposed as a major malarial vaccine candidate. Objective: To determine the length of the DNA bands and genetic diversity of the MSP-1 gene of P. falciparum, which is associated with malaria severity and host factors in population of the asymptomatic and symptomatic patients in Papua, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: A total of 152 isolates from the blood samples of the patients infected with P. falciparum were analyzed by microscopic examination. DNA was extracted from MSP-1 gene and nested PCR amplification carried out. The active case detection was conducted in Koya and Skow villages, whereas passive detection was obtained from general hospitals. Result: The main allele of the gene MSP-1, which related to the severity of malaria, the parasite density, and host factors of the population with a single infection, was found to MAD20 that was higher in mild malarial cases. The family alleles K1, MAD20, and RO33 of the MSP-1 gene of P. falciparum were found to be in large numbers in severe malaria and light malaria of the symptomatic patients. In the asymptomatic patients, it was found that the alleles of MSP-1 (K1, MAD20, and RO33) were more numerous when the parasite density was less than 10,000/μL of blood. Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between the genetic diversity of the MSP-1 gene of P. falciparum with malaria severity, parasite density, age group, and gender of asymptomatic patients, but there was a significant correlation with the age groups and gender in the symptomatic patients. The K1, MAD20, and RO33 alleles showed a higher density in asymptomatic patients, but K1 and RO33 alleles were higher at severe and mild malaria and MAD20 was higher at mild malaria cases. Therefore, MSP-1 gene allele could be used as a genetic marker to determine the genetic diversity of P. falciparum and as a candidate molecular vaccine.